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2019年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 分類題庫考點(diǎn) 單項(xiàng)填空 一、名詞 - 2 - 二、主謂一致 - 4 - 三、冠詞 - 5 - 四、代詞 - 7 - 五、介詞 - 10 - 六、形容詞 - 13 - 七、副詞 - 16 - 八、動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語 - 18 - 九、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 - 25 - 十、虛擬語氣 - 28 - 十一、時(shí)態(tài) - 31 - 十二、語態(tài) - 39 - 十三、非謂語動(dòng)詞 - 39 - 十四、名詞性從句 - 47 - 十五、定語從句 - 51 - 十六、連詞和狀語從句 - 56 - 十七、省略 - 61 - 十八、倒裝 - 62 - 十九、強(qiáng)調(diào) - 64 - 二十、情景交際 - 65 - 考點(diǎn)1 單項(xiàng)填空 一、名詞 1.(xx湖北卷T21)Poetry written from the　　　of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging. A. perspective　　　　　　　　B.priority C.participation D.privilege 【解析】選A?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意:從城市青年的角度寫的詩歌往往揭示他們因缺乏歸屬感而焦慮的現(xiàn)狀。A項(xiàng)“角度”;B項(xiàng)“優(yōu)先考慮的事”;C項(xiàng)“參加”;D項(xiàng)“特權(quán)”。根據(jù)句意可知選A項(xiàng)。 2.(xx江蘇卷T33)With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a 　　　for the better. A.share B.chance C.turn D.lead 【解析】選C?？疾槊~的固定搭配。句意:受到其他飲食文化的啟發(fā),美國飲食文化有望好轉(zhuǎn)。take a turn for the better為固定短語,意為“好轉(zhuǎn)”。 3.(xx湖北卷T22)Carbon dioxide, which makes a　　　between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is being warmer. A.difference Bparison C.connection D.barrier 【解析】選D?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意:二氧化碳在我們和太陽之間設(shè)置了屏障,使得熱量無法輕易從大氣層散發(fā)出去,結(jié)果地球變得更暖和了。A項(xiàng)“不同,差別”;B項(xiàng)“比較”;C項(xiàng)“聯(lián)系”;D項(xiàng)“障礙”。根據(jù)句意可知選D項(xiàng)。 4.(xx江西卷T22)Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with　　　. A.curiosity B.satisfaction C.envy D.patience 【解析】選D?？疾槊~辨析。句意:無論我什么時(shí)候犯錯(cuò)誤,老師都耐心地把它們指出來。curiosity意思是“好奇”;satisfaction意思是“滿意”;envy意思是“羨慕,嫉妒”;patience意思是“耐心”。根據(jù)句意,選D。 5.(xx江蘇卷T21) Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others　　　essential to their development. A.is　　　B.are　　　C.was　　　D.were 【解析】選A?？疾橹髦^一致。句意:一般說來,學(xué)生的內(nèi)在動(dòng)機(jī)和來自于他人的高期望值對(duì)他們的發(fā)展是必要的。此處考查主謂一致中的就前原則,除了with外,還有together with, along with, as well as, but, except, rather than等。根據(jù)就前原則,謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與inner motivation一致,因此使用單數(shù)形式,排除B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)。然后根據(jù)generally確定使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),因此答案為A。 6.(xx浙江卷T4)As the world’s population continues to grow,the　　　of food bees more and more of a concern. A.worth　　　B.supply　　　C.package　　　D.list 【解析】選B?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意:隨著世界人口的持續(xù)增加,食物供應(yīng)越來越受人們關(guān)注。worth價(jià)值,用途;supply供應(yīng);package包裹;list名單,清單。故選B。 7.(xx遼寧卷T23)The accident caused some　　　to my car, but it’s nothing serious. A.harm B.injury C.ruin D.damage 【解析】選D。考查名詞辨析。句意:這起事故對(duì)我的車造成了一些損傷,但是并不嚴(yán)重。A項(xiàng)指各種傷害、危害。常構(gòu)成do harm to結(jié)構(gòu);B項(xiàng)指?jìng)?多指人體上的傷害;C項(xiàng)表示毀滅;D項(xiàng)多用于物品的損壞,是可以復(fù)原的。故選D。 8.(xx天津卷T7)While she was in Paris, she developed a　　　for fine art. A.way B.relation C.taste D.habit 【解析】選C?？疾槊~辨析。句意:在巴黎時(shí),她對(duì)美術(shù)產(chǎn)生了興趣。way方法,道路;relation關(guān)系,親戚;taste味道,品味,欣賞;habit習(xí)慣。根據(jù)句意選C。 二、主謂一致 1.(xx福建卷T23)The famous musician,as well as his students,　　　　to perform at the opening ceremony of the xx Taipei Flower Expo. A.were invited B.was invited C.have been invited D.has been invited 【解析】選B。考查主謂一致。句意:著名的音樂家及其學(xué)生受邀在xx年臺(tái)北花博會(huì)開幕式上表演。as well as連接兩個(gè)并列的名詞作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和前面的名詞一致,故排除A、C兩項(xiàng)。本題只是陳述在過去的時(shí)間發(fā)生的事,故用一般過去時(shí),由于the famous musician和invite之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故選B。 2.(xx湖南卷T33)The university estimates that living expenses for international students around $8,450 a year,which　　　　a burden for some of them. A.are; is B.are; are C.is; are D.is; is 【解析】選A。考查主謂一致。句意:這所大學(xué)估計(jì)一名國際生的生活開銷每年大約是8 450美元,這對(duì)其中的一些學(xué)生來說是一大負(fù)擔(dān)。living expenses生活開銷,為復(fù)數(shù)名詞,故謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);$8,450為金錢概念,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 三、冠詞 1.(xx福建卷T21)The“Chinese Dream”is　　　　dream to improve people’s well-being and　　　　dream of harmony,peace and development. A.the;a　　B.a;a　　C.a;the　　D.the;the 【解析】選B?？疾楣谠~。句意:中國夢(mèng)是一個(gè)提高人民生活水平的夢(mèng),也是一個(gè)和諧、和平和發(fā)展的夢(mèng)。兩個(gè)空都表示泛指,故都用a。 2.(xx新課標(biāo)全國卷ⅡT13) (xx大綱版全國卷T33)Four and　　　　half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and　　　　break for cheese,chocolate and tea with sugar. A.a;a B.the;the C.不填;the D.a;不填 【解析】選A?？疾楣谠~。句意:四個(gè)半小時(shí)的討論讓我們待到半夜,中間休息時(shí),吃了一些奶酪和巧克力,喝了加糖的茶。表示“四個(gè)半”,英語用four and a half;break表示“中間休息”時(shí),常用單數(shù)形式,在其前面加不定冠詞。由此可知選A。 3.(xx山東卷T22)It was　　　　cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across　　　　night sky. A.不填;a B.a;the C.the;a D.the;不填 【解析】選B?？疾楣谠~。句意:這是一個(gè)寒冷的冬夜,月亮在黑暗的夜空中閃閃發(fā)光。第一空屬于泛指,這是一個(gè)寒冷的冬夜;第二空sky為獨(dú)一無二的事物,用定冠詞the,所以選B。 4.(xx浙江卷T15)People develop　　　preference for a particular style of learning at　　early age and these preferences affect learning. A.a;an B.a;不填 C.不填;the D.the;an 【解析】選A。考查冠詞用法。句意:人們?cè)谀挲g很小的時(shí)候養(yǎng)成了對(duì)某種學(xué)習(xí)方式的偏愛,而這些偏愛又影響著學(xué)習(xí)。首先第一個(gè)空用a,因?yàn)閔ave/develop a preference for...為固定句型;第二個(gè)空仍然用不定冠詞,因?yàn)榇藭r(shí)age并不是特定的,而是不定的。故選A。 5.(xx重慶卷T32)The parents were shocked by　　　news that their son needed _____operation on his knee. A.a;/ B.the;/ C.the;an D.a;an 【解析】選C。考查冠詞。句意:父母被兒子膝蓋需要?jiǎng)邮中g(shù)這個(gè)消息震驚了。這個(gè)消息特指“兒子膝蓋需要?jiǎng)邮中g(shù)的消息”,故使用定冠詞the;“手術(shù)”為可數(shù)名詞并且是泛指,名詞operation以元音音素開頭,故使用an。 6.(xx江西卷T32)Animals are obviously　　　lower form of life than______ man. A. a; / B. the; the C. a; the D. /; / 【解析】選A?？疾楣谠~。句意:很顯然,比起人類來,動(dòng)物是較低等的生命形式。a form of意為“一種……形式”;man指“人類”時(shí),前面不用冠詞。故選A。 7.(xx新課標(biāo)全國卷ⅠT31)India attained　　　　independence in 1947, after 　　　　 long struggle. A.不填;a B.the;a C.an;不填 D.an;the 【解析】選A?？疾楣谠~。句意:印度在長(zhǎng)期抗?fàn)幒?于1947年獲得獨(dú)立。independence是不可數(shù)名詞,在其前面通常不加冠詞;struggle表示“努力,奮斗”時(shí),常用作單數(shù),在其前面加不定冠詞。 8.(xx陜西卷T19)Marco Polo is said to have sailed on　　　　Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in　　　　thirteenth century. A.the;a B.a;不填 C.不填;the D.the;the 【解析】選D?？疾楣谠~。句意:據(jù)說,在13世紀(jì)馬可波羅在去爪哇島的途中在太平洋上航行過。the Pacific Ocean固定搭配;第二空在序數(shù)詞前,表特指,用定冠詞the。故選D。 四、代詞 1.(xx新課標(biāo)全國卷ⅡT14) (xx大綱版全國卷T34)It’s an either-or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do　　　　. A.others B.either C.another D.both 【解析】選D?？疾榇~。句意:只能二選一——我們或者今年買新車或者去度假,但是不能兩者都做。others其他的人或物;either兩者中的任一個(gè);another另一個(gè);both兩者。both...not/not...both是部分否定,意為“并非兩者都”。根據(jù)語境可知此處指不能同時(shí)做兩件事,故選D。 2.(xx山東卷T21)I’ve lived in New York and Chicago, but don’t like____ of them very much. A.either　　　B.any　　　C.each　　　D.another 【解析】選A?？疾榇~。句意:我曾經(jīng)在紐約和芝加哥住過,但并不非常喜歡兩者當(dāng)中的任何一個(gè)。結(jié)合語境及but,A項(xiàng)either指兩者中的任何一個(gè),與not連用表全部否定,符合題意。B項(xiàng)any指三者及以上中的任何一個(gè);C項(xiàng)each指每一個(gè),與not連用,表部分否定;D項(xiàng)another指三者及以上中的另一個(gè),均不符合句意,故選A。 3.(xx浙江卷T11)Half of　　　surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears. A.these B.some C.ones D.those 【解析】選D?？疾榇~的用法。句意:來自16個(gè)國家的被調(diào)查的人中,一半人說他們會(huì)在第一時(shí)間告訴他們最好的朋友最大的愿望以及最大的恐懼。those代指the people,此處有定語修飾,是特指。故選D。ones是泛指。 4.(xx四川卷T2)The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than ______on the small ones. A.one　　　B.this　　　C.that　　　D.it 【解析】選C?？疾樘娲~。句意:主干道上的交通比小街道的交通擁有更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的綠燈信號(hào)。A項(xiàng)指代前文的表泛指的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞;B項(xiàng)為指示代詞,表示“這個(gè)”;C項(xiàng)指代前文不可數(shù)名詞或表特指的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞;D項(xiàng)指代前文提到的那個(gè)事物。根據(jù)句意可知是不同街道的green signal在比較,故用that。 5.(xx重慶卷T31)Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is　　　. A.another B.the other C.one another D.one 【解析】選A?？疾榇~。句意:回收是保護(hù)環(huán)境的一種方式,再利用是另外一種方式。another表示“三者或三者以上中的另一個(gè)”,保護(hù)環(huán)境方式很多,故使用another;B項(xiàng)the other表示“兩者中的另外一個(gè)”;C項(xiàng)表示“互相”;D項(xiàng)表示“一個(gè)”,相當(dāng)于“a+n.”。 6.(xx遼寧卷T29)To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then ______of her colleagues. A.that B.one C.ones D.those 【解析】選A?？疾榇~。句意:令Della高興的是,她首先贏得了學(xué)生們的信任,然后贏得了同事們的信任。A項(xiàng)用來代替不可數(shù)名詞或者是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù);B項(xiàng)代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù);C項(xiàng)代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù);D項(xiàng)用來代替“同名異物”的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。trust是不可數(shù)名詞,故選A。 7.(xx天津卷T12)At our factory there are a few machines similar to _____described in this magazine. A.them B.these C.those D.ones 【解析】選C?？疾榇~。句意:我們工廠里有幾臺(tái)機(jī)器跟這本雜志上描述得很相似。those指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),特指,相當(dāng)于the ones;ones指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),泛指?！癲escribed in this magazine”作修飾成分,故此處應(yīng)是特指,指代前面machines,是復(fù)數(shù),故選those。 8.(xx陜西卷T22)Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost　　　　of her enthusiasm for life. A.some B.neither C.none D.all 【解析】選C?？疾榇~。句意:露絲瑪麗雖然多年患一種嚴(yán)重的病,但是她絲毫沒有失去對(duì)生活的熱情。some一些;neither兩者都不;none沒有,毫無;all所有,全部。根據(jù)句意選C。 9.(xx安徽卷T27)This project requires close teamwork.　　　　 will be achieved unless we work well together. A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything 【解析】選A?？疾榇~。句意:這個(gè)項(xiàng)目需要密切合作。除非我們一起好好工作,否則將一事無成。nothing沒有任何事,符合句意。anything任何事;something一些事;everything所有的事。 10.(xx江西卷T23)　　　can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn’t love it. A.Anybody B.Everybody C.Nobody D.Somebody 【解析】選C?？疾椴欢ù~。句意:如果一個(gè)人不喜歡某件事,他就不會(huì)40年來一直做得那么好。A項(xiàng)意為“任何人”;B項(xiàng)意為“每人,所有人”;C項(xiàng)意為“沒有人”;D項(xiàng)意為“某個(gè)人”。 五、介詞 1.(xx安徽卷T31)If parents have children help with housework, the children will feel needed.　　　　, they will learn to take care of themselves. A. On the contrary B. In a word C. That is to say D. What’s more 【解析】選D?？疾槎陶Z辨析。句意:如果父母讓孩子幫助做家務(wù),孩子們會(huì)感覺自己被需要。而且他們還能學(xué)會(huì)照顧自己。what’s more而且;on the contrary與此相反;in a word總之;that is to say那就是說。根據(jù)句意前后表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系可知選D。 2.(xx新課標(biāo)全國卷ⅡT11) (xx大綱版全國卷T31)A serious study of physics is impossible_______some knowledge of mathematics. A.against B.before C.beyond D.without 【解析】選D?？疾榻樵~。句意:如果沒有一些數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí),對(duì)物理進(jìn)行嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)匮芯渴遣豢赡艿?。against反對(duì),倚靠,映襯,預(yù)防,相比;before在……之前,才;beyond超出,在……那一邊;without(如果)沒有。由此可知選D。 3.(xx山東卷T34)The Smiths are praised　　　　the way they bring up their children. A.from B.by C.at D.for 【解析】選D?？疾榻樵~。句意:史密斯一家由于撫養(yǎng)孩子的方式而受到表揚(yáng)。be praised by...受到……的表揚(yáng);be praised for...由于……受到表揚(yáng)。結(jié)合語境,所以選D。 4.(xx浙江卷T14)It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner.　　　, I’ll set the table. A.As a result B.On the whole C.In the meanwhile D.As a matter of fact 【解析】選C?？疾榻樵~短語的用法。句意:如果你去商店購買我們晚餐需要的東西就算幫了大忙;同時(shí),我會(huì)收拾好餐桌。as a result結(jié)果;on the whole總體來說;in the meanwhile與此同時(shí);as a matter of fact事實(shí)上。故選C。 5.(xx遼寧卷T25)　　　everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country. A.By means of B.On behalf of C.In search of D.For fear of 【解析】選B。考查介詞短語辨析。句意:我代表這里所有的人祝你回國旅途愉快。A項(xiàng)“通過……方法”;B項(xiàng)“代表”;C項(xiàng)“尋找”;D項(xiàng)“唯恐,害怕”。 6.(xx福建卷T29)Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess,as her children are always whenever she tries to. A.in the way B.on watch C.in sight D.on the line 【解析】選A。考查介詞短語辨析。句意:史密斯夫人發(fā)現(xiàn)很難把房間整理干凈,因?yàn)闊o論何時(shí)她想試著整理時(shí),孩子們總是妨礙她。in the way擋道,妨礙;on watch值班,監(jiān)視;in sight看得見;on the line處于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)狀態(tài)。 7.(xx北京卷T26)I have an appointment　　　Dr.Smith,but I need to change it. A. to B. off C. with D. from 【解析】選C?？疾榻樵~用法。句意:我和史密斯醫(yī)生有個(gè)預(yù)約,但我需要變更一下。have an appointment with sb.和某人有約。 8.(xx湖北卷T30)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered　　　a long lost antique Greek vase. A.at random B.by chance C.in turn D.on occasion 【解析】選B?？疾榻樵~短語辨析。句意:最近一個(gè)坐船到南方島嶼去旅行的藝術(shù)家偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)丟失很久的古希臘花瓶。A項(xiàng)“任意地,隨便地”;B項(xiàng)“偶然地”;C項(xiàng)“依次,反過來”;D項(xiàng)“有時(shí),偶爾”。根據(jù)句意可知選B項(xiàng)。 9.(xx江蘇卷T26)I am always delighted when I receive an e-mail from you. 　　　the party on July 1st,I shall be pleased to attend. A.On account of B.In response to C.In view of D.With regard to 【解析】選D?？疾榻樵~短語。句意:每當(dāng)我收到你的郵件時(shí)我總是非常開心。關(guān)于7月1日舉行的聚會(huì),我很樂意參加。A項(xiàng)“因?yàn)?由于”;B項(xiàng)“作為對(duì)……的回應(yīng)”;C項(xiàng)“鑒于,由于”;D項(xiàng)“關(guān)于,至于”,等于in regard to。 10.(xx新課標(biāo)全國卷ⅠT34)It was a real race　　　　time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it. A.over B.by C.for D.against 【解析】選D?？疾榻樵~。句意:為了完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù),我們真是分秒必爭(zhēng)。值得慶幸的是,我們完成了。a race against time表示“與時(shí)間賽跑”,是固定搭配。 11.(xx陜西卷T24)The manager wants to see changes in the pany, and I am sure he will　　　　. A.in particular B.in turn C.in charge D.in time 【解析】選D?？疾榻樵~短語辨析。句意:經(jīng)理想看看公司的變化,我相信他遲早會(huì)看到的。in particular尤其,特別;in turn依次,輪流;in charge負(fù)責(zé),掌管;in time及時(shí),遲早,最終。根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)選D。 六、形容詞 1.(xx安徽卷T30)David is　　　　animal fur, so he won’t visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house. A. curious about B. allergic to C. satisfied with D. fond of 【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~短語辨析。句意:大衛(wèi)對(duì)動(dòng)物皮毛過敏,因此他不會(huì)拜訪任何一個(gè)家有貓或有狗的人。be allergic to對(duì)……過敏;be curious about對(duì)……好奇;be satisfied with對(duì)……滿意;be fond of喜歡。 2.(xx新課標(biāo)全國卷ⅡT9) (xx大綱版全國卷T29)It may not be a great suggestion.But before　　　　is put forward,we’ll make do with it. A.a good one B.a better one C.the best one D.a best one 【解析】選B。考查比較級(jí)。句意:這可能不是一個(gè)好建議。但是在提出更好的建議前,我們先勉強(qiáng)用這個(gè)吧。根據(jù)句意可知,此處指一個(gè)更好的建議,所以選B。 3.(xx浙江卷T2)Mary worked here as a　　　secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the pany. A.pessimistic B.temporary C.previous D.cautious 【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意:瑪麗開始在這里工作時(shí)只是一個(gè)臨時(shí)秘書,后來卻在這家公司得到了一份全職工作。該句中的full-time job暗示出開始只是a temporary secretary。pessimistic悲觀的,悲觀主義的;temporary暫時(shí)的,臨時(shí)的;previous以前的;cautious小心的,謹(jǐn)慎的。故選B。 4.(xx遼寧卷T33)This is by far　　　movie that I have ever seen. A.an inspiring B.a much inspiring C.the most inspiring D.the more inspiring 【解析】選C?？疾樾稳菰~的最高級(jí)。句意:這是我看過的最鼓舞人心的電影。This is+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞+that sb.has ever done.是常用句型,如This is the best book that I have ever read.這是我讀過的最好的書。 5.(xx天津卷T3)I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time—there are _____ meaningful things to do. A.less B.more C.the least D.the most 【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。句意:我認(rèn)為每天晚上看電視是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間,有更多有意義的事情去做。根據(jù)句意可知做有意義的事情與看電視是兩者之間的比較,所以選B。 6.(xx安徽卷T33)It’s said that the power plant is now　　　　large as what it was. A. twice as B. as twice C. twice much D. much twice 【解析】選A。考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。句意:據(jù)說這個(gè)發(fā)電廠現(xiàn)在是過去的兩倍大。倍數(shù)表達(dá)法有三種:①倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)+as;②倍數(shù)+形容詞/副詞的比較級(jí)+than;③倍數(shù)+the+名詞+of。故選A。 7.(xx福建卷T25)The Forbidden City attracts a　　　　stream of visitors every day,especially during national holidays. A.constant B.main C.powerful D.shallow 【解析】選A?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意:紫禁城每天吸引了源源不斷的游客,尤其在國慶假日期間。a constant stream of是固定搭配,意為“源源不斷的”。main主要的;powerful強(qiáng)大的;shallow淺的。 8.(xx湖北卷T27)People plain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often rather than based on fixed criteria. A.appropriate B.conscious C.arbitrary D.controversial 【解析】選C?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。句意:人們抱怨,做出的支持或反對(duì)一個(gè)許可證的決定經(jīng)常是隨意的,而不是基于固定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。A項(xiàng)“恰當(dāng)?shù)?合適的”;B項(xiàng)“有意識(shí)的”;C項(xiàng)“任意的,隨意的”;D項(xiàng)“有爭(zhēng)議的”。根據(jù)句意可知選C項(xiàng)。 9.(xx湖北卷T28)He didn’t selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle. Instead, he made a　　　contribution to help the munity. Amercial B.generous Cparable D.profitable 【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。句意:他沒有自私地自己留下從叔叔那里繼承的錢。相反,他非?？犊鼐栀?zèng)來幫助社區(qū)。A項(xiàng)“商業(yè)的”;B項(xiàng)“慷慨的”;C項(xiàng)“類似的,可比較的”;D項(xiàng)“有益的,有利可圖的”。根據(jù)句意可知選B項(xiàng)。 10.(xx江西卷T26)There are a small number of people involved, possibly 　　　twenty. A.as few as B.as little as C.as many as D.as much as 【解析】選A。考查同級(jí)比較結(jié)構(gòu)。句意:這涉及少量的人,可能少到20個(gè)。as...as...意為“和……一樣……”,是同級(jí)比較結(jié)構(gòu)。few和many后面都接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),但是few強(qiáng)調(diào)“少”,many強(qiáng)調(diào)“多”;little和much后面都接不可數(shù)名詞。 七、副詞 1.(xx福建卷T31)Those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy　　　　priced bikes. Apetitively B.recently C.reasonably D.affordably 【解析】選D?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。句意:那些窮困潦倒的青少年在拐角找到一家商店很興奮,在那里他們能買到付得起錢的自行車。affordably付得起地;petitively競(jìng)爭(zhēng)地;recently近來;reasonably合理地。 2.(xx浙江卷T6)If we leave right away,　　　we’ll arrive on time. A.hopefully B.curiously C.occasionally D.gradually 【解析】選A?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。句意:如果我們立刻出發(fā),我們有望按時(shí)到達(dá)。hopefully有希望地;curiously好奇地;occasionally偶爾;gradually逐漸地。故選A。 3.(xx浙江卷T18)If what your friend es up with surprises you,don’t reject it immediately.　　　, imagine that it is true. A.Thus B.Besides C.Rather D.Otherwise 【解析】選C?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。句意:如果你朋友提出的想法令你吃驚,不要立即拒絕。而是想象著它是正確的。thus所以,表示結(jié)果;besides而且,表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系;rather相當(dāng)于instead,用在否定句后面的肯定句中;otherwise否則,不然的話,表示一種假設(shè)。故選C。 4.(xx遼寧卷T27)Everything seemed to be going　　　for the first two days after I moved to New York. A.vividly B.generally C.frequently D.smoothly 【解析】選D?？疾楦痹~辨析。句意:在我搬到紐約后的開始兩天一切看起來都很順利。A項(xiàng)表示“生動(dòng)地”;B項(xiàng)表示“普遍地,大體地”;C項(xiàng)表示“頻繁地”;D項(xiàng)表示“平滑地,順利地”。 5.(xx福建卷T35)A society cannot be successful if it throws tradition away,but it cannot be successful　　　　if we do something to stop progress. A.either B.neither C.too D.also 【解析】選A?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。句意:如果一個(gè)社會(huì)丟棄了傳統(tǒng),它不會(huì)成功,但是如果我們做事情阻止了進(jìn)步它也不能成功。either也,常用于否定句句末,符合題意。neither既不;(兩者)都不;too也,常用于肯定句句末;also也,常放句中。6.(xx湖北卷T29)Don’t defend him any more.It’s obvious that he______ destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology. A.accidentally B.carelessly C.deliberately D.clumsily 【解析】選C?？疾楦痹~辨析。句意:不要再為他辯解了。很顯然他是故意弄壞了花園的柵欄,甚至都不道歉。A項(xiàng)“偶然地”;B項(xiàng)“粗心地”;C項(xiàng)“故意地”;D項(xiàng)“笨拙地”。根據(jù)句意可知選C項(xiàng)。 7.(xx江西卷T24)What a terrible experience!　　　, you’re safe now—that’s the main thing. A.Anyway B.Besides C.Otherwise D.Therefore 【解析】選A?？疾楦痹~辨析。句意:一次多么可怕的經(jīng)歷啊!無論如何,你現(xiàn)在安全了——那才是主要的事情。A項(xiàng)意為“無論如何,不管怎么說”;B項(xiàng)意為“除此之外,另外”;C項(xiàng)意為“否則,要不然”;D項(xiàng)意為“因此”。 8.(xx新課標(biāo)全國卷ⅠT25)Tony can hardly boil an egg, still 　　　　cook dinner. A.less B.little C.much D.more 【解析】選A?？疾楣潭ù钆洹＞湟?托尼幾乎連雞蛋都不會(huì)煮,更不必說做晚餐了。still less是固定搭配,表示“更少,更不,何況,更不用說”。 八、動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語 1. (xx?安徽卷?T22)Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library ____a book about it. A. on B. at C. for D. to 【解析】選C。考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意:你參觀名勝之前,要在當(dāng)?shù)貓D書館尋找一本關(guān)于它的書。look for尋找;look on看待,旁觀;look at看;look to朝……看去,留神。 2.(xx新課標(biāo)全國卷ⅡT8) (xx大綱版全國卷T28)The watch was very good,and he　　　　 20 percent down for it. A.paid B.cost C.bought D.spent 【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:這塊表很好,他打八折買的。pay +money +for sth.為某物付多少錢;cost表示“花費(fèi)”時(shí),主語是物不是人;buy sb.sth./buy sth.for sb.為某人買某物;spend +money+on sth./in doing sth.在某物上花多少錢。故選A。 3.(xx浙江卷T9)When the group discussion is nearing its end,make sure to_____ it with important points. A.conclude B.lead C.avoid D.hold 【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)小組討論接近尾聲時(shí),一定要以重點(diǎn)而結(jié)束。conclude結(jié)束;lead指導(dǎo),指引;avoid避免;hold抓住,握住。故選A。 4.(xx浙江卷T17)Bears　　　fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep. A.pack up B.build up C.bring up D.take up 【解析】選B。考查動(dòng)詞短語用法。句意:熊在整個(gè)夏天和秋天積蓄脂肪以度過冬眠期。pack up停止,收工;build up逐漸增加;bring up撫養(yǎng),使……長(zhǎng)大;take up開始從事,占據(jù)(時(shí)間、空間等)。故選B。 5.(xx遼寧卷T32)Briggs will　　　as general manager when Mitchell retires. A.get away B.take over C.set off D.run out 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:Mitchell退休后Briggs將接替她任總經(jīng)理。A項(xiàng)表示離開,脫身,逃掉;B項(xiàng)表示接替,接管;C項(xiàng)表示動(dòng)身,出發(fā);D項(xiàng)表示用光,用盡。 6.(xx天津卷T2)If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to　　　a hand. A.lend　　B.shake　　C.wave　　D.want 【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:如果你有困難,邁克總是愿意伸出援手來幫你。lend借;shake搖動(dòng);wave揮手;want想。lend a hand幫忙。 7.(xx天津卷T8)I had hoped to take a holiday this year, but I wasn’t able to　　　. A.get away B.drop in C.check out D.hold on 【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:我原本希望今年去度假的,但是我沒能休假。A項(xiàng)離開,逃脫,休假;B項(xiàng)(順便)拜訪;C項(xiàng)檢查,結(jié)賬離開;D項(xiàng)堅(jiān)持,別掛斷。根據(jù)句意選A。 8.(xx江西卷T27)Mother always plains that children　　　their shoes very quickly. A.find out B.wash out C.wear out D.set out 【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:母親總是抱怨孩子們把鞋穿破得太快了。A項(xiàng)意為“找出,查明”;B項(xiàng)意為“洗干凈,洗掉”;C項(xiàng)意為“穿破”;D項(xiàng)意為“動(dòng)身,出發(fā)”。 9.(xx福建卷T28)Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks_______in disasters. A.turn down B.turn out C.break down D.break out 【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:當(dāng)無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)在災(zāi)難中出故障的時(shí)候,老式手機(jī)就派上用場(chǎng)了。break down(機(jī)器等)壞了,出毛病了,(人)身體垮了,失敗,分解;turn down(將音量等)調(diào)低,拒絕;turn out結(jié)果是,證明是;break out爆發(fā),突然發(fā)生。 10.(xx福建卷T24)Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which ______spending quite a lot of time with students. A.enjoys B.involves C.practices D.suggests 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:米歇爾找到了一份作為中學(xué)老師的工作,這份工作涉及要和學(xué)生一起度過許多時(shí)間。involve包含,涉及;enjoy享受,喜歡;practice練習(xí);suggest建議,暗示。 11.(xx安徽卷T26)Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they　　　　on their life journey. A. give up B. settle down C. get through D. set off 【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:傳統(tǒng)上認(rèn)為,大學(xué)生舉行畢業(yè)典禮是為了在他們開始生活之旅之前為自己加油助威。set off動(dòng)身,出發(fā);give up放棄;settle down定居,平靜下來,專心于;get through完成,接通(電話等)。 12.(xx湖北卷T23)While intelligent people can often　　　the plex, a fool is more likely to plicate the simple. A.sacrifice 　B.substitute　 C.simplify 　D.survive 【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:智者經(jīng)常能夠簡(jiǎn)化復(fù)雜的問題,而愚人更可能把簡(jiǎn)單的事情復(fù)雜化。A項(xiàng)“犧牲”;B項(xiàng)“替代,頂替”;C項(xiàng)“簡(jiǎn)化”;D項(xiàng)“幸存下來”。根據(jù)句意可知選C項(xiàng)。 13.(xx湖北卷T24)According to the law, all foreigners have to　　　with the local police within two weeks of arrival. A.associate B.dispute C.negotiate D.register 【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:依據(jù)法律,所有的外國人在到達(dá)后的兩周內(nèi)必須到當(dāng)?shù)氐木炀肿?cè)登記。A項(xiàng)“聯(lián)系,結(jié)交”;B項(xiàng)“爭(zhēng)論”;C項(xiàng)“談判”;D項(xiàng)“登記,注冊(cè)”。根據(jù)句意可知選D項(xiàng)。 14.(xx湖北卷T25)Butterflies　　　a sweet liquid produced by flowers,which bees and other insects collect. A.carry on B.feed on C.put on D.focus on 【解析】選B。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:蝴蝶食用花朵分泌的甜汁,這是蜜蜂和其他昆蟲采集的東西。A項(xiàng)“繼續(xù),堅(jiān)持”;B項(xiàng)“以……為主食”;C項(xiàng)“穿上,上演”;D項(xiàng)“聚焦,集中”。根據(jù)句意可知選B項(xiàng)。 15.(xx湖北卷T26)In much of the animal world, night is the time　　　for sleep—pure and simple. A.set aside B.set down C.set off D.set up 【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語辨析。句意:在動(dòng)物世界里,夜晚是專門留出睡覺的時(shí)間——純粹而簡(jiǎn)單。A項(xiàng)“(專門)留出,撥出”;B項(xiàng)“寫下,記下”;C項(xiàng)“動(dòng)身,出發(fā),引起,引爆”;D項(xiàng)“建立”。根據(jù)句意可知選A項(xiàng)。 16.(xx江西卷T31)She　　　the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour. A.connected B.fitted C.equipped D.matched 【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:在顏色上,她把地毯和好看的窗簾搭配起來。A項(xiàng)意為“聯(lián)系,連接”;B項(xiàng)意為“安裝”;C項(xiàng)意為“裝備”;D項(xiàng)意為“相稱,搭配”。根據(jù)句意,選D。 17.(xx江蘇卷T23)—The town is so beautiful!I just love it. —Me too.The character of the town is well　　　. A.qualified B.preserved C.decorated D.simplified 【解析】選B。考查動(dòng)詞。句意:——這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)真美!我很喜歡?！乙惨粯?。這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的特色保持得很好。A項(xiàng)“有資格,合格”;B項(xiàng)“保護(hù),保持,腌制”;C項(xiàng)“裝飾”;D項(xiàng)“使簡(jiǎn)化”。 18.(xx江蘇卷T29)Team leaders must ensure that all members　　　their natural desire to avoid the