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2019-2020年高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)精練 閱讀理解（13） [xx寧夏銀川市高三年級模擬考試] Well, there is no doubt about it that time seems to be flying！It feels like you just get the holidays trappings_and__trimmings put away and its time to get them out again. When we interviewed women for our book Love for Grownups, we discovered that as the holidays came to an end, women looked to the New Year with both anticipation and a bit of dread. How can you look at the New Year as a fresh start? Here are some ideas： Keep your resolutions reasonable. Sure, we all might want to put “l(fā)ose ten pounds by Valentines Day” on our resolution list, but lets be practical here － the odds of that happening are probably pretty slim, but if you do achieve that goal, good for you! Try thinking of more“l(fā)ife changing”resolutions like“try something new this year”or“get in touch with friends from college” that kind of thing. The pounds will take care of themselves. Use deadlines to help you do things youve put off. One woman we interviewed for our book told us that she and her husband had been meaning to rewrite their wills for over three years and still hadnt gotten around to it.One of her friends finally said，“Use your wedding anniversary as the deadline for writing your wills.Tell yourselves youll have it done before you celebrate.”And they did. Look at the calendar and think ahead.When you get your calendar for xx，think if there is something youd like to do in，say，summer or fall，and plan ahead.If youve been trying to take the kids camping for two years but somehow it never happens, this is the year to look ahead and say“l(fā)ets go the second week in August”．If it turns out you have to move your trip，fine，but at least youve got it on the calendar! Remember that the beginning of every year is a new，fresh start.You may not achieve all of your goals，but every little bit will help make this year even better than the last. 1．The underlined part“trappings and trimmings” in Paragraph 1 means “________”． A．fruits B．equipment C．furniture D．decorations 2．Whats the authors proper advice on taking the kids camping? A．You should do it in summer or fall. B．Youd better plan for two years. C．Your should get it on the calendar first. D．You have to go the second week. 3．What could be the best title for the text? A．Keep Your Determinations Reasonable B．New Year，Same You—But Better C．Use Deadlines to Help You Do Things D．Look and Think Ahead [文章大意]文章為說明文，介紹了新年規(guī)劃以及如何落實(shí)的問題。 1．D?？疾樵~義猜測。綜合第一段第一、二句話可知，時(shí)間飛快，你剛把假日裝飾收起，又到了把它們拿出來的時(shí)候了，故畫線詞意為“裝飾物”。 2．C?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解。文章第四段提到“If it turns out you have to move your trip，fine，but at least youve got it on the calendar”可知，不管會不會改變行程，首先要將計(jì)劃記錄在日歷上。 3．B?？疾橹髦即笠?。A、C、D選項(xiàng)分別是對第二、三、四段的歸納，只有B項(xiàng)具有概括性。 B A nation mourns the loss of its former leader, Nelson Mandela, who has died after a long illness. Mandela was born on July 18,1918. When Mandela was nine, he was sent to live with his fathers friend, a wealthy clan chief. In school, Mandela learned about his ancestors struggles with discrimination. He later traveled to Johannesburg, where he studied law and opened the countrys first black law practice. He also joined the African National Congress, a group that fought for racial equality. In 1948, the government introduced apartheid, which left the countrys nonwhite majority with few economic opportunities. In response, Mandela traveled throughout South Africa and encouraged people to take part in nonviolent demonstrations against the governments racial segregation policies. He was arrested for organizing antigovernment activities and eventually sentenced to life in prison. “I have cherished the ideal of a free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities，” he said. “If needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.” Mandelas imprisonment led to protests around the world and limits on trade against his country. On February 11, 1990, South African president F．W. de Klerk released Mandela from prison, and the two worked together to end apartheid. Three years later, they won the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts. In 1994, nonwhites were first allowed to vote in elections. Mandela was elected president by an overwhelming majority. Mandela stepped down as president in xx. That same year, he created the Nelson Mandelas Children Fund, a charity that helps poor South African children. “Children are the wealth of our country，” he said. Over the years, Mandela continued working to promote peace around the world. In xx, he helped found The Elders, an organization of world leaders mitted to ending conflicts and promoting human rights. “When you want to get a herd to move in a certain direction，” he said, “you stand at the back with a stick. Then a few of the more energetic cattle move to the front and the rest of the cattle follow. You are really guiding them from behind. That is how a leader should do his work.” 4. When Mandela was young, he ________. A. struggled for the equal rights of nonwhites B. was trained to bee a clan chief C. became the countrys first lawyer D. was brought up in Johannesburg 5. To fright against apartheid, Mandela called on people ________. A. not to do business with the whites B. to achieve equality in a peaceful way C. to prepare to die for a free society D. to join in antigovernment bravely 6. According to the text, Mandela ________. A. asked children to create wealth for Africa B. was forced to leave office in xx C. attached great importance to children D. founded a charity with his Nobel Prize 7. What Mandela said in the last paragraph suggests that ________. A. a leader should act as the energetic cattle in a herd B. a leader should promote human rights by force C. a leader should take the lead in ending conflicts D. a leader should guide others in promoting peace 8. What is the main idea of the passage? A. South Africas first black president dies at 95. B. Nelson Mandela works for peace all his life. C. The first black president is a hero for the world. D. Mandela won the first Nobel Peace Prize. [文章大意]　本文主要介紹了納爾遜曼德拉的一生的事跡，以及他為南非黑人爭取民權(quán)和自由，結(jié)束種族隔離制度而做出的貢獻(xiàn)等。 4. A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合第二段的He also joined the African National Congress, a group that fought for racial equality.可知，當(dāng)他還年輕的時(shí)候，就投身于爭取種族平等的斗爭中了。 5. B。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的Mandela traveled throughout South Africa and encouraged people to take part in nonviolent demonstrations against the governments racial segregation policies.可知，他主張人們以和平非暴力的形式爭取權(quán)利。 6. C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從倒數(shù)第二段的Children are the wealth of our country，” he said可知，他認(rèn)為孩子們是國家的財(cái)富，因此表明他非常重視兒童。 7. D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的You are really guiding them from behind. That is how a leader should do his work.可知，他認(rèn)為一個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人應(yīng)該從后面指導(dǎo)著人們爭取和平，結(jié)束沖突等。 8. A。主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了曼德拉的去世，以及對他的一生進(jìn)行了簡單的介紹的情況，提到了他為種族隔離制度的結(jié)束而奮斗，以及他的主張等等。 D [xx山西省五校高三聯(lián)合測試] With more than 10,000 plants the 68ft“l(fā)iving wall” near Victoria station will collect rainwater which falls onto the roof of the building and use it to nourish the plants. The result will be an eyecatching garden which brightens up the popular tourist route, near the Rubens at the Palace Hotel, and stops it from flooding. Containing more than 20 seasonal plant species, the wall required 16 tons of soil and will be capable of storing up to 10,000 litres of water. The project, backed by London Mayor Boris Johnson, was launched with the aim of dealing with a key environmental challenge in London. According to the Environment Agency, there are around 534,000 properties in London on the Thames flood plain and one in four are at risk of flooding. This is partly due to the low absorbency of urban surfaces. Matthew Pencharz, the Mayors Advisor for Environment and Energy, said, “London has plenty of trees, parks, gardens and increasing numbers of living roofs, which can increase resilience(適應(yīng)力) to extreme weather. The Mayor is encouraging more green programs like the living wall to make sure London can continue to pete, not only as the greenest city in Europe, but as the best city on the earth.” A similar living wall was built in Islington in xx but ended in disappointment after the watering system failed and all the plants died. At that time critics accused the council of wasting 100,000 of taxpayers money on a “green extravagance (奢侈品)”. The Victoria project is believed to be the largest of its kind in the country. Ruth Duston, CEO of Victoria BID, said，“Building the living wall has a longterm positive impact on the environment. It delivers a model of best practice for London.” The flowers have been chosen to ensure the wall is in bloom all year round, attracting wildlife such as birds, butterflies and bees. Armando Raish, managing director of Treebox, said，“Due to the variety of plants, we expect the living wall to significantly increase the number and variety of bugs and bees in this part of Victoria.” 1．The“l(fā)iving wall” was designed to ________. A. display some unusual plants B. prevent flooding when it rains C. store rainwater for the citizens D. attract more tourists to London 2．The underlined word“backed”in Paragraph 2 probably can be replaced by________. A. criticized　　　　　 B. constructed C. supported D. rejected 3．Why are 25% of the buildings on the Thames flood plain at risk of flooding? A. Because the buildings are near the river. B. Because it rains heavily all the year round. C. Because there are few trees and plants in London. D. Because the ground doesnt absorb much rainwater. 4．Which would be the best title of the text? A. A Beautiful Garden City B. Londons Living Wall of Green C. More Species in Central London D. Creative Way to Fight Flooding [文章大意]　在倫敦的維多利亞火車站附近建起了能種植萬余株植物的墻體。在下大雨的時(shí)候，雨水可以用來澆這些植物，預(yù)防倫敦市區(qū)泛濫成災(zāi)。 1．B。考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，這道種植植物的墻建在維多利亞火車站附近，目的是用雨水澆這些植物，預(yù)防倫敦市區(qū)泛濫成災(zāi)。 2．C?？疾樵~義猜測。從第四段中倫敦市長顧問的話“The Mayor is encouraging more green programs like the living wall to make sure...”中可以推斷出，市長對該項(xiàng)目的態(tài)度是支持的。畫線的單詞backed 意為“支持”，可被 supported 代替。criticize “批評”；construct“建造”；reject“拒絕”。 3．D?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，在倫敦市的泰晤士河的洪泛區(qū)，有大約534,000處房產(chǎn)，其中的四分之一面臨被淹的危險(xiǎn)。部分原因是城市地表的吸收能力低。 4．B。考查標(biāo)題判斷。本文向讀者介紹了英國倫敦市治理雨水泛濫的新舉措，建造一道種植植物的墻。故選B項(xiàng)。 C [xx蘭州、靖遠(yuǎn)名校高三模擬考試] Steve was blue collar；my collar was white.He was union；I was management.He worked with molten steel；I slaved over a hot word processor.He worked different shifts at different time.My job was strictly 9to5.However, we lived in the same neighborhood，and we went to the same church.I knew his family，and he knew mine.We could talk openly with each other，and we usually did. One day I was taking some VIPs on a tour of the steel mill at which we were both employed and I saw him out by the blast furnace. He was covered with sweat and soot as he worked confidently just a few feet from metal, so hot that a miscue(失誤) would melt him, me and the tour van I was driving —instantly. “I dont know how you do that，” I told him when I saw him at church the following Sunday. “Its so hot up there，even in the dead of winter. And if you make a mistake, people die. How do you handle the pressure？” He scoffed at my question. “Its no big deal，” he said. “Ive been doing this for years. The furnace pretty much runs itself. Im_just_there_for_the_ride.” “Well, Im glad its you and not me，” I said. “I couldnt do what you do.” A few weeks later, Steve and his crew came into the office to pick up some tickets for a football game the pany was sponsoring. I was on a tight deadline to deliver some advertising copy, so after I greeted Steve, I returned to my puter to continue working while my staff took care of the tickets. After a few minutes of tiptiptapping on my keyboard, I had that funny, awkward feeling that I had an audience. I glanced up and saw Steve leaning against the wall，watching me. “I dont know how you do that，”he said.“Theres so much stuff going on up here.I dont know how you keep track of everything.And if you make a mistake，millions of people are going to hear it on the radio.How do you handle the pressure？” I scoffed at his question，even though it sounded eerily familiar.“Its no big deal，”I said.“Ive been doing this for years.Most of this stuff writes itself.Im just here to make sure it all gets to the right places on time.” “Well，Im glad its you and not me，”Steve said.“I couldnt do what you do.” It wasnt until Steve left the office that I realized we had pretty much had the exact same conversation twice—once with regard to his work and once with regard to mine.Without even trying，Steve and I had stumbled on a simple fact of life in the workplace：it takes all kinds. 1．It can be learned from the first paragraph that Steve and the author________. A．worked for different panies B．had obviously different jobs C．worked in shifts at different time D．a(chǎn)rgued at times，but got along well 2．What does the underlined sentence mean? A．No one could do this work except Steve. B．Steves job was a bit dangerous. C．It was an easy job for Steve. D．Steve was good at handling pressure. 3．Why was the author busy on his keyboard when Steve came for tickets? A．He had to deliver sales reports. B．He was engaged in an advertising copy. C．He was organizing a football game. D．He was on a tight deadline to create a report. 4．What could be the best title of the text? A．Its No Big Deal B．Every Man Has His Strengths C．Make a Difference in Jobs D．It Takes All Kinds [文章大意]　作者通過講述他與朋友在同一家公司上班的故事告訴讀者一個(gè)簡單的道理——社會需要各種各樣的工作。 1．B?？疾橥评砼袛?。 從第一段內(nèi)容可知，史蒂夫與鋼水打交道，作者與文字處理打交道，可見他們的工作明顯不同。 2．C。 考查推理判斷。 由第四段中的信息“Its no big deal” “Ive been doing this for years.The furnace pretty much runs itself.”可知，史蒂夫認(rèn)為自己可以輕松駕馭這份工作。 3．B。考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段中的信息“I was on a tight deadline to deliver some advertising copy, so after I greeted Steve, I returned to my puter to continue working”可知，作者忙于做廣告文案。 4．D?？疾橥评砼袛?。作者在最后一段對自己與Steve的兩次對話進(jìn)行了思考，認(rèn)識到一個(gè)簡單的事實(shí)：it takes all kinds(需要各種各樣的工作)，所以最佳標(biāo)題為D項(xiàng)。 B