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2019年高考英語 Unit 3 A taste of English humour課時作業(yè) 新人教版必修4 Ⅰ. 單項填空 1. (xx南京模擬)I admire my English teacher. I can remember very few occasions ______she stopped working because of ill health. A. that　　　 B. when　　　 C. where　　　 D. which 2. Mr. Hoffman, aged over 60, has recently　　　playing golf at weekends, contributing to his rosy face. A. taken to B. slid into C. submitted to D. broken into 3. Successful people like Mo Yan have some good qualities and above all, they are never　　　a simple life so they keep fighting until they are top ones. A. interested in B. curious about C. content with D. confident in 4. (xx吉林模擬)—Why was Jackson searching shop after shop for a sweater? —Oh, he was very　　　about his clothes. A. particular B. special C. curious D. unusual 5. He seems poor, but I　　　that he has quite a lot of money. A. wonder B. suspect C. convince D. doubt 6. Medical officials said an Israeli missile killed at least 11 Palestinian civilians ______ four children in Gaza on Sunday. A. included B. include C. including D. to include 7. When I polished his article, I　　　some of the material which I found to be of little value. A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut down 8. My father　　　my brother for driving but he wanted to pick　　　the knowledge of the puter during his spare time. A. advised; up B. persuaded; out C. intended; up D. managed; out 9. People are programmed to pay attention to anything that is different or novel. If you make something different it will　　　. A. stand out B. leave out C. pick out D. put out 10. The audiences were so　　　by his humourous performance that they kept laughing all the time. A. moved B. frightened C. entertained D. shocked 11. When Mom looked back on the early days of their marriage, she wondered how they had managed with　　　money. A. so few B. such few C. so little D. such little 12. (xx武威模擬)With the price　　　so quickly, I find 1, 000yuan a month can hardly cover the cost of living. A. to rise B. risen C. being risen D. rising 13. Liu Yang is so excellent　　　she has bee the first Chinese woman astronaut of our country. A. as B. that C. which D. where 14. (xx洛陽模擬)—Let’s give up. It’s too late. I don’t think any bus will e. —I don’t care. I’ll get there　　　I have to walk all the way. A. even if B. as if C. so that D. now that 15. I don’t think I am　　　; it is said that　　　is the mother of success. A. a failure; failure B. failure; a failure C. a failure; a failure D. failure; failure Ⅱ. 閱讀理解 　　A new study has found that making someone laugh is one of the best ways to woo(求婚)one’s lover. However, researchers have discovered that not all humour is equal. The quickest path to success is to use a very specific form of wit: Self-deprecation. “Many studies show that a sense of humour is attractive to women, especially to their girlfriends, but we’ve found that self-deprecating humour is the most attractive of all. ” said anthropologist Gil Greengross. One possible explanation is that taking the mickey out of oneself is a high-risk strategy. “It is a risky form of humour because it can draw attention to one’s real faults, thereby diminishing(縮小)the self-deprecator’s status in the eyes of others. But based on the idea that self-deprecating humour can be an especially reliable indicator not only of general intelligence and creativity, but also of moral virtues such as humility. ” Anthropologist Kate Fox, author of Watching the English, believes self-deprecation is uniquely vital for those with an English cultural background: “For the English, the rules of humour are the cultural equivalent of natural laws—we obey them automatically, rather in the way that we obey the law of gravity. ” “Pomposity(夸耀)and self-importance are outlawed. Serious matters can be spoken of seriously, but one must never take oneself too seriously. ” she added. “As long as everyone understands the rules, they are duly impressed both by one’s achievements and by one’s reluctance(不愿)to talk about them publicly. ” However, Greengross warns of another danger in the use of self-deprecation. “If you are a low-status individual, using self-deprecating humour can be disastrous to you. ” he said. “Think about the secondary-school child whom nobody liked, who made fun of his shorting in sports. His kids laughed at him and he was considered more pathetic(悲慘的)than he was previously. This is high-risk attraction. It is not for everyone. ” (330W) 1. What is Kate Fox? A. A film-maker. B. An official at school. C. A lawyer. D. An expert in studying anthropology. 2. From the passage, we know that Gil Greengross　　　. A. is attractive to women all the way, especially to his girlfriend B. believes that he himself is really the author of Watching the English C. thinks that a low-status individual can be disastrous to him/her while using self-deprecation D. loves the secondary-school child whom nobody liked because of his shorting in sports 3. The underlined phrase “taking the mickey out of oneself” (in Paragraph 3)may be replaced by　　　. A. making someone laugh B. self-deprecation C. obeying the law of gravity D. pomposity and self-importance 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The quickest path to success is to make someone laugh. B. Self-deprecation perhaps lowers its status in the eyes of others. C. The English obey natural laws without obeying the law of gravity. D. Nobody likes making fun of one child’s shorting in sports. Ⅲ. 閱讀第二節(jié) (xx長春模擬) 　　根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 Have you heard about leap year? Leap year is a year that has 366 days instead of the usual 365. It normally occurs every four years, always on an even-numbered year. The extra day is added to our shortest month. That is the second month of the year, which in non-leap years has 28 days, two fewer than any other month. 　1　 We also call leap year the bissextile year. 　2　In our calendar system there is a need for a leap year because the solar year(the time it takes the earth to go around the sun once)is actually slightly more than 365 days long. That extra day—Feb. 29 every four years—helps correct the difference between our calendar and the solar calendar. It is said that leap year was first made part of the calendar by the ancient Roman leader Julius Caesar. His astronomers had calculated the length of the solar year to be 365 days and six hours. So Caesar declared that an extra day be added to the calendar. 　3　However, Caesar’s adjustment was not pletely accurate because his astronomers’ year exceeded the true solar year by eleven minutes and fourteen seconds. By 1582, a difference of ten days had developed between the calendar year and the true solar year. To correct this error, Pope Gregory ruled that every fourth year would continue to be a leap year except for century years that could not be divided evenly by 400. By this system, century years such as 1700, 1800, and 1900 were not leap years, but the year xx was a leap year. 　4　 People born on Feb. 29 celebrate their growing up a little differently from the rest of us. 　5　But if they go strictly by the calendar, they have only one-fourth as many birthday celebrations as most people. A. They acknowledge that they get older each year. B. When you see Feb. 29 on a calendar, you know that year is a leap year. C. This is its formal, or scientific title. D. This may seem plicated, but it works. E. In a leap year, the extra day is added to the second month, giving it 29 instead of the usual 28 days. F. The leap year was introduced in the Julian calendar in 46 BC. G. This is done every four years. 【語篇隨練】 1. 根據(jù)閱讀理解翻譯漢語 Many studies show that a sense of humour is attractive to women, especially to their girlfriends, but we’ve found that self-deprecating humour is the most attractive of all. 【譯】_______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 用30個詞左右概括閱讀理解文章大意 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案解析 Ⅰ. 1. 【解析】選B?？疾殛P(guān)系副詞的用法。先行詞occasions, 在從句中作時間狀語, 所以用when, 相當于on which。句意: 我欽佩我的英語老師。在我的記憶中她幾乎沒有因為生病而不給我們上課的時候。 【變式備選】 In a sports team each player has a clear role, and there are few　　　when members are uncertain of their roles. A. occasions B. positions C. chances D. situations 【解析】選A?？疾槊~詞義辨析。occasion表示 “場合; (重大的)時刻(節(jié)), 時機, 機會” ; position表示 “方位, 位置; 地位, 身份; 職位, 職務(wù)” ; chance表示 “機會; 時機” ; situation表示 “形勢; 情況” 。根據(jù)句意 “在一個運動隊中每位隊員都有清晰的角色意識, 在很少場合下會出現(xiàn)隊員不清楚自己角色的情況?！?可知應(yīng)選A項。 2. 【解析】選A。考查動詞短語辨析。take to喜歡; slide into(不自覺地)陷入某種狀態(tài); submit to屈服, 認輸; break into闖入。 3. 【解析】選C。句意: 像莫言這樣的成功的人士都擁有一些好的品質(zhì), 最重要的是他們絕不會對簡單的生活感到滿意, 因此他們不斷奮斗直到成為頂尖人才。A項意為 “對……感興趣” , B項意為 “對……感到好奇” , C項意為 “對……感到滿意” , D項意為 “對……有信心” 。 4. 【解析】選A。be particular about對……挑剔。這里表達的意思是他對衣服特別挑剔。 5. 【解析】選B。句意: 他看起來貧困, 但是我懷疑他很有錢。suspect “懷疑” , 為及物動詞, 其后可直接接從句。wonder想知道; convince使確信; doubt不相信后面的內(nèi)容。 6. 【解析】選C。考查非謂語動詞。句意: 醫(yī)療官員說周日在加沙地帶以色列的導彈襲擊至少造成11位巴勒斯坦平民死亡, 包括四名兒童。 “包括四名兒童” 為 “including four children” 或 “four children included” 。 7. 【解析】選A?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意: 我在修改他的文章時把那些我認為沒有什么價值的東西刪去了。cut out剪下, 刪掉; cut off切斷, 中斷; cut up切碎; cut down削減, 砍倒。根據(jù)句意, 選A項。 8. 【解析】選C。句意: 我父親打算讓哥哥學駕駛, 但是他想在業(yè)余時間學點電腦知識。intend sb. for doing sth. “打算讓某人做某事” ; pick up “學會” , 均為固定搭配。 9. 【解析】選A。考查動詞短語辨析。句意: 人生來就愛關(guān)注任何不同的或者新奇的事情。如果你讓一些東西與眾不同了, 那么它就會突出出來。stand out突出, 顯現(xiàn); leave out遺漏, 省去; pick out挑選出; put out熄滅。A項符合題意。 【變式備選】 She　　　French when she was in France. Now she can speak it freely. A. picked out B. made out C. made up D. picked up 【解析】選D?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意: 當她在法國時她無意間學會了法語, 現(xiàn)在她能隨意地說了。pick up意為 “無意間學會” , 符合語境。pick out意為 “挑選” ; make out意為 “理解; 辨認出” ; make up意為 “彌補; 編造” 。 10. 【解析】選C。句意: 觀眾被演員滑稽的表演逗得如此高興, 以至于他們一直笑個不停。由后面的kept laughing可知, 此處應(yīng)是 “快樂的” , be entertained快樂的。 11. 【解析】選C?？疾閟o和such為修飾詞的用法。句意: 當媽媽回顧他們剛結(jié)婚時的那段日子時, 她很奇怪當時是如何用那么少的錢走過來的。首先few修飾可數(shù)名詞, 故排除A、B兩項; 當不可數(shù)名詞前有much, little(少)修飾時, 只能用so而不能用such, 這是一種固定用法, 故此處C項正確, 又如so many books這么多書; so few people這么少的人; so much money這么多的錢。 12. 【解析】選D。句意: 隨著物價的快速上漲, 我發(fā)現(xiàn)每月1, 000元錢幾乎不夠一月的生活費用。不及物動詞rise和其邏輯主語the price之間為主謂關(guān)系, 所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作補語, 表主動。 13. 【解析】選B?？疾闋钫Z從句。句意: 劉洋是如此優(yōu)秀以至于成為第一位中國女航天員。so. . . that. . . 如此……以至于, 引導結(jié)果狀語從句。 14. 【解析】選A?？疾檫B詞。答句句意: 我不管。即使我一直步行, 我也要到那里。even if即使, 符合語境。as if好像; so that因此, 所以; now that既然, 均不符合句意。 15. 【解析】選A。句意: 我認為我不是個失敗者, 據(jù)說失敗是成功之母。第一空failure是抽象名詞具體化, 表示 “失敗的人或事” ; 第二空是抽象名詞。 【知識拓展】failure與success對比 ①failure(失敗)和success(成功)是一對反義詞, 但用法上有不少相似之處和需注意之處: 泛指一般意義的 “失敗” 或 “成功” , 通常是不可數(shù)名詞; 指具體的失敗(成功)的人或事等, 或指一次失敗或成功等, 通常是可數(shù)名詞。例如: Failure is the mother of success. 失敗是成功之母。 If you fail, make failure a stepping stone to success. 假若你失敗, 就把它當作通向成功的墊腳石。 Success came after many failures. 多次失敗之后, 終于獲得了成功。 He is a failure(success)in business. 他在生意上很失敗(成功)。 It was said that the party was a failure(success). 據(jù)說晚會開得不成功(很成功)。 ②表示未能做某事, 通常用one’s failure to do sth. ; 表示成功地做了某事, 通常用have success in doing sth. 。例如: His failure to help us was disappointing. 他未能幫助我們真是令人失望。 Did you have any success in persuading her to e? 你說服了她來嗎? 表示在某一方面的失敗或考試不及格等, 可用介詞in。例如: a failure in duty(失職), failure in love(失戀), one’s failure in an exam(考試不及格) Ⅱ. 幽默可幫助一個人獲得良好的人際關(guān)系。一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn), 讓某人笑是求愛的最好辦法之一。成功的最快捷途徑則是運用一種獨特的智慧: 自嘲。然而, 自嘲的運用是否還有高風險呢? 1. 【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段首句可知Kate Fox是研究人類學的。故選D項。 2. 【解析】選C。推理判斷題。對于Gil Greengross的相關(guān)信息表述, 只有C項符合倒數(shù)第二段Gil Greengross所說的 “If you are a low-status individual, using self-deprecating humour can be disastrous to you” 一句的含義。 3. 【解析】選B。詞義猜測題。由第四段的解釋 “It is a risky form of humour. . . to one’s real faults, thereby diminishing the self-deprecator’s status in the eyes of others. . . . ” 說明, taking the mickey out of oneself就是 “戲弄自己” 也就是 “自嘲” (self-deprecation)。 4. 【解析】選B。推理判斷題。A項錯在與第一段最后一句不吻合; B項正確是因為與第四段中 “It is a risky form of humour. . . diminishing the self-deprecator’s status in the eyes of others. ” 一句吻合; C項錯在與第五段最后一句的 “we obey them automatically, rather in the way that we obey the law of gravity. ” 不吻合; D項錯在與最后一段第一句不吻合。 Ⅲ. 答案: 1~5. BCGDA 【語篇隨練】 1.很多研究表明, (男士的)幽默感對于女性來說很有吸引力, 尤其是對他們的女友來說, 但是我們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)(在所有的幽默形式中)自嘲是最有魅力的(一種形式)。 2. A new study has found that making someone laugh is one of the best ways to woo one’s lover. And the quickest path to success is self-deprecation.