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2019-2020年高中英語 素能提升演練(九) Unit3 譯林牛津版必修3 含答案 Ⅰ. 用下列句型翻譯句子 1. 我們圖書館里的書比你們圖書館里的書多五倍。(倍數(shù)表達法) ____________________________________________________________________ 2. 她很幸運，有一些朋友幫助她。(in that引導的原因狀語從句) ____________________________________________________________________ 3. 社會實踐對我們很有幫助。(“be+of+名詞”結(jié)構) ____________________________________________________________________ 4. 看來，和她交朋友有點讓人心煩。(主語+be+adj. +不定式) ____________________________________________________________________ 5. 媽媽不喜歡我工作到很晚。(v. -ing的復合結(jié)構) ____________________________________________________________________ 6. 他熄了燈，什么也看不見了。(分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語) ____________________________________________________________________ Ⅱ. 單項填空 1. Tiring as it might be, the military training ________ the best opportunity to make lifelong friends. A．is believed to be B．believes as C．is believed to being D．believes 2. A surprise attack was ________ at Pearl Harbor by the Japanese in 1941, which led to the US ________ the Second World War. A. happened; enter B. carried out; entering C. occurred; entering D. taken place; enter 3. The puter system ________ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. A. broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke in 4. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ________. A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed 5. The judges had different ideas about the results，so it was two hours before the results were ________. A．cried out B．let out C．claimed D．declared 6. I like listening to music and ________. A. so is he B. so he is C. so does he D. so he does 7. ________ that it’s very cruel to kill wild animals for money. A．It is no doubt B．There is no doubt C．It is not doubt D．There is not doubt 8. —What will you do with the ________ milk in the cup? —I will use it to make steamed bread. A. remaining B. left C. remained D. leaving 9. It’s certain that their only child will ________ the big business when the couple get old. A. hand over B. take over C. go over D. get over 10. ［xx臺州模擬］ A survey of China’s netizens found that some smokers are unwilling to kick the habit because they aren’t fully ________ of the harm it does to health. A. fond B. curious C. afraid D. aware 11. ［xx杭州模擬］The newly-discovered star was named ________ a Chinese astronomer ________ his contributions to astronomy. A. for; in favour of B. after; in honour of C. by; in memory of D. as; in praise of 12. ［xx臨汾模擬］It’s the love and responsibility that have driven him to ________ many hardships and survive. A. go into B. go through C. look through D. look into 13. If ________ in wet sand, the vegetables can remain fresh for a long time. A. being buried B. having buried C. buried D. burying 14. He always asked some challenging questions to everyone he met, ________ many people in Athens. A. only to upset B. so as to C. upsetting D. and upsetting 15. My family ________ that I should apply for the job, but it doesn’t appeal to me. A. plained B. urged C. forecasted D. admitted Ⅲ. 閱讀理解 (A) When you’re surfing the Internet on your laptop in your dorm or at home, do you know your personal details are being gathered secretly? And would you be surprised to know the information may be sold cheaply to advertisers and marketers? According to an investigation by The Wall Street Journal, all it takes is a tiny file in a puter—a single code consisting of a long series of numbers and letters—to record the puter user’s age, gender, location, favourite movies and hobbies. The newspaper reports that Lotame Solutions Inc. , a New York pany, uses a sophisticated(高科技的) software called a “beacon” to capture what people are typing on a website. Lotame packages that data into profiles about individuals(個人資料), only without their names, and sells the profiles to panies seeking customers．Batches of such data may be sold for a few dollars. The Wall Street Journal survey discovered that spying on Internet users is one of the fastest-growing businesses on the World Wide Web. The “cookie”—a tiny text file put on your PC by websites or marketing firms which might be used to remember your preferences for one site, or to track you across many sites—is already old news．There are new and more plex tools such as “beacons” which scan in real time what people are doing on a webpage．These beacons instantly assess the Internet user’s location, ine, shopping interests and even medical conditions. Millions of Internet users around the world also face unprecedented(空前的)threats．Private, sensitive, personal and business information is being gathered and sold without their knowledge. panies insist the information they gather is anonymous and the data is used harmlessly. But the technology has grown so powerful that even some of the biggest websites in the US don’t know that they were installing intrusive files on visitors’ puters．These include MSN. and Yahoo. . Next time you visit a webpage and find an ad banner advertising something you’ve been planning to buy, don’t be amazed that your puter can read your mind. 1．The purpose of the passage is to ______. A．introduce a tiny file in a puter—a single code B．show how your individual information was let out when you surf the Internet C．show how to protect your privacy D．introduce a sophisticated software called a “beacon” 2．It can be inferred that ________. A．because the data is used harmlessly, Internet users around the world will not face threats B．when a person surfs the Internet, his personal details may be let out without his knowledge C．your puter can really read your mind D．MSN. and Yahoo. use software to capture what people are typing on a website 3．According to the passage, “beacon” _________. A．is a tiny text file put on your PC by websites B．is a software that can package that data into profiles about individuals C．can assess the Internet user’s location, ine, shopping interests and even medical conditions D．is not more plex than the “cookie” 4．What’s the writer’s attitude to this problem? A．Neutral. B．Worried. C．Optimistic. D．Indifferent. (B) ［xx南京模擬］ I think it was my mother who taught me the meaning of honesty. Not because she actually was honest, but because she lied all the time. She felt that the easiest way out of any given situation was generally the best way out. And, for her, that generally meant telling “a little white lie”. As a young child I thought it was kind of cool. And, naturally, when I would e to her with a concern or question wondering what I should do, she generally advised me to lie. “Mom, I told Theresa that I would go over to her house, but now I would rather go to Sue’s house to play. ” “Tell Theresa you’re sick，”she would advise. And generally I did. But I didn’t seem blessed with her lack of conscience. On many painful occasions Theresa would find out that I really went to Sue’s house without her. These occasions taught me that it is more painful to be caught in a lie than it is to tell the truth in the first place. I wondered how it was possible that my mother had never learned that lesson. I started thinking of all the lies that I’d heard her tell. I remembered the time she told someone that her favorite restaurant had closed, because she didn’t want to see them there anymore. Or the time she told Dad that she loved the lawnmower(割草機) he gave her for her birthday. Or when she claimed that our phone lines had been down when she was trying to explain why she hadn’t been in touch with a friend of hers for weeks. And what bothered me even more was all the times she had involved me into her lies. Like the time she told my guidance counselor(顧問) that I had to miss school for exploratory surgery, when she really needed me to babysit. And it even started to bother me when some people would call for her and she would ask me to tell them that she wasn’t there. So, I started my own personal fight against her dishonesty. When I answered the phone and it was someone my mother didn’t want to talk to, I said, “Louise, mom is here, but she doesn’t want to talk to you. ” The first time I did it, she punished me, but I refused to apologize. I told her that I had decided that it was wrong to lie. And the next time it happened I did the same thing. Finally, she approached me and said, “I agree that lying is not the best thing to do, but we need to find a way to be honest without being rude. ” She admitted that her methods weren’t right, and I admitted that mine were a bit too extreme. Over the past few years, the two of us have worked together to be honest—and yet kind. Honesty should mean more than not lying. It should mean speaking the truth in kindness. Though I started by trying to teach my mom the importance of honesty, I ended up gaining a deeper understanding of the meaning of the term. 5. The author’s mother __________. A. thought white lies were not lies B. helped the author get out of trouble with white lies C. told the author to lie when she was in trouble D. taught the author the importance of being honest 6. The author ________. A. was thankful to her mother’s advice B. felt more awkward when being caught lying C. found that telling the truth hurt more than telling a lie D. felt guilty when hurting people with her honesty 7. It can be inferred that the author’s mother ________. A. met her friends in the same restaurant regularly B. didn’t get along with the author’s teachers C. was not popular among her friends D. wanted to have something else for her birthday 8. Finally the author and her mother agreed that _________. A. kind-heartedness is more important than honesty B. appropriate methods are the key to telling a good lie C. honesty is defined as kindness as well as truthfulness D. absolute honesty is basic to good interpersonal relationships 答案解析 Ⅰ. 1. There are five times more books in our library than in yours. 2. She is fortunate in that she has friends to help her. 3. Social practice is of great help to us. 4. She seems troublesome to make friends with. 5. Mother disliked me/my working late. 6. He turned off the light, seeing nothing. Ⅱ. 1.【解析】選A。考查句型be believed to do。句意：盡管可能很累，但是軍訓被認為是獲得終生朋友的最佳機會。be believed to do 表示被認為是……。 2.【解析】選B?？疾閯釉~辨析及動名詞的復合結(jié)構。carry out執(zhí)行，這里表示進行一次突襲；lead to后應接動名詞的復合結(jié)構，故選B。 3.【解析】選A?？疾閎reak短語辨析。句意：當他在網(wǎng)上查找信息時，計算機系統(tǒng)突然出了故障。break down(機器等)發(fā)生故障，(人)感情崩潰；break out(戰(zhàn)爭，災難等)突然發(fā)生；break up粉碎，結(jié)束；break in強行進入，打斷(談話等)。故答案為A。 4.【解析】選B?？疾椤癮dj. +不定式”結(jié)構。句意: 在夏季我喜歡早點起床。能呼吸到早上的空氣真好。to breathe和主語the morning air之間存在邏輯上的動賓關系。在句式“主語+ be + adj. + to do”中，不定式要用主動形式表示被動含義。 5.【解析】選D?？疾榻x動詞短語辨析。句意：法官對結(jié)果有不同的意見，所以兩小時后才宣布結(jié)果。cry out“喊出來”；let out“泄露”；claim“聲稱”；declare常指官方正式宣布結(jié)果，故選D項。 6.【解析】選C?？疾榈寡b?！皊o+助動詞+主語”表示“另外的人或物也……”；“so +主語+助動詞”表示“……的確如此”。句意：我喜歡聽音樂，他也是。根據(jù)句意以及前半句的謂語可知此處需要助動詞does，故選C。 7.【解析】選B?？疾楣潭ň涫絫here is no doubt that. . . 。句意：毫無疑問為了金錢殺死野生動物很殘忍。There is no doubt that. . . 表示“毫無疑問……”。 8.【解析】選A?？疾閞emain與leave的辨析。 remaining表示“剩下的”時，多用作前置定語，而left放在被修飾的名詞后。但是在there be結(jié)構中remaining也可放在被修飾的名詞后。 9.【解析】選B?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：當這對夫妻年老的時候，他們惟一的孩子肯定會接管他們的大企業(yè)。hand over移交；take over接管；go over仔細檢查；get over克服。 10.【解析】選D?？疾樾稳菰~。be fully aware of“充分意識到”，符合句意。句意：一項中國網(wǎng)民調(diào)查表明，一些吸煙者不愿意戒煙，因為他們沒有充分意識到吸煙對健康的危害。 11.【解析】選B?？疾榻樵~短語。be named after為固定搭配，意為“以……來命名”，in honour of為向……表示敬意。 12.【解析】選B。考查動詞短語辨析。句意：是愛和責任讓他度過了許多艱難困苦，并幸存下來。go through經(jīng)歷，符合句意。go into從事某職業(yè)；look through瀏覽；look into調(diào)查。 13.【解析】選C?？疾榉侵^語動詞。bury和the vegetables是被動關系，故用過去分詞。if buried相當于if they are buried。句意：如果被埋在濕沙里，蔬菜會長時間保鮮的。 14.【解析】選C?？疾楝F(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。句意：他常提問他遇到的每一個人一些有挑戰(zhàn)性的問題，讓雅典的許多人很煩惱?，F(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語常表示意料之中的事情。 15.【解析】選B。考查動詞辨析。句意：我的家人極力主張我去申請那份工作，但我卻對此不感興趣。urge表示“極力主張，強烈要求”時接that引導的賓語從句，從句要用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞用should+動詞原形。 Ⅲ.【文章大意】經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)的人可能都遇到過這樣的情況：瀏覽網(wǎng)頁(surfing the Internet)時總是跳出一些廣告，內(nèi)容還都是你最近想買的商品。別誤會，你的電腦還沒智能到能讀懂你的想法——是你的個人隱私被出賣啦！趕快來看看是怎么一回事吧！ 1．【解析】選B。主旨大意題。本文講述上網(wǎng)時，你的個人信息被別人收集并且被出售。故選擇B項。 2．【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段以及下文可知，當一個人上網(wǎng)時，他的信息有可能在自己不知道的情況下被別人所泄露或出售。 3．【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“These beacons instantly assess the Internet user’s location, ine, shopping interests and even medical conditions．”可知選C項。根據(jù)第六段“The “cookie”—a tiny text file put on your PC by websites. . . ”可知A錯誤。根據(jù)第四段“Lotame packages that data into profiles about individuals. . . ”可知B錯誤。根據(jù)第六段“There are new and more plex tools such as “beacons. . . ”可知D錯誤。 4．【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“Millions of Internet users around the world also face unprecedented threats． Private, sensitive, personal and business information is being gathered and sold without their knowledge．”可知，作者指出互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶面臨著空前的威脅。所以，可以推斷作者對這個問題非常擔心。所以選B。 【文章大意】由于母親經(jīng)常撒謊，并經(jīng)常教作者撒謊。從中作者學到了誠實的真諦。 5.【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句(she generally advised me to lie)可知C項正確。善意的謊言也是謊言，故A項錯誤。作者的媽媽建議作者撒謊，但有時后來會被對方揭穿，作者此時會感到很痛苦，所以撒謊并不能使作者擺脫困境。不是媽媽教會作者誠實的重要性的，是作者想教會媽媽誠實的重要性，這從最后一段中的teach my mom the importance of honesty可知。 6.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的These occasions taught me that it is more painful to be caught in a lie than it is to tell the truth in the first place. 可知作者的謊言被揭穿時，她感到比當初說真話要痛苦得多，這與B項意思一致，即感到很尷尬。作者吸取撒謊的教訓后，決定不再撒謊，所以A項錯誤，C項與B項矛盾，D項并不是作者的觀點，作者認為誠實很重要。 7.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段開頭的all the lies that I’d heard her tell可知接下來作者舉的例子都是說明媽媽是如何撒謊的。其中提到，她喜歡爸爸送給她的生日禮物——割草機。既然這是謊言，說明媽媽其實不喜歡割草機，想要其他的生日禮物。 8.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。C項與原文最后一段中的Honesty should mean more than not lying. It should mean speaking the truth in kindness. 意思一致。