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2019-2020年高考英語考點突破 專題十七 任務(wù)型閱讀（含解析） 下面文章中有5個段落需要添加首句(第1-5題)。請從以下選項(A、B、C、D、E和F)中選出適合各段落的首句。選項中有一項是多余選項。 (xx浙江) A.Time can run out. B.Tomorrow won’t be better. C.Ideas need time to develop. D.Your professor will be impatient. E.You blow off your chances for help. F.You’re probably overestimating(高估)the pain. Never Put off Until Tomorrow What You Can Do Today 　　Want to put off studying for the physics test? Or writing that thirty-five-page research paper on future uses of biotechnology? Sure you do? And who wouldn’t? But it’s still a silly idea to put off doing something until a future time.Here’s why... 　　1.　　　 The task will be still the same.It won’t be any more fun and you still won’t want to do it.As the deadline gets closer and closer,the task seems to bee larger and larger if you haven’t started the work.And the stress increases.Now not only do you have to write that paper,you have to do it under great pressure. 2.　　　 Before you start,it seems that the task is unlikely to be acplished.But you know what?You’re probably miscalculating.Get started—maybe on a small piece—and you’ll discover that you have more resources and know more about the subject than you thought.Result? You won’t experience nearly as much suffering as you expected to.Things are guaranteed—100 percent—to get better. 　　3.　　　 If you leave your work until the night before it’s due,you give up the possibility of getting input from your professor.Professors regularly give advice—or at least a few useful tips—during office hours.Unfortunately,though,they don’t usually hold office hours at midnight,so you’ll be out of luck,when you discover the night before the midterm that you have no idea how to do the questions that will count for two-thirds of your grade. 4.　　　Ever wonder why the professor assigns the paper two weeks before it’s due? It’s because he or she expects you to be thinking about the issue,or doing the research,for two weeks.No,not every waking moment,but at least some of the time.After all,the professor could just as easily have given the assignment one week before it was due if he or she expected less thinking.Most college papers require you to have some kind of idea,then to spend some time thinking about it,revising it,and polishing it.When you throw together a paper or a report at the last minute,your ideas are half-baked.And your professor will know it. 　　5.　　　If you put things off till the last minute,you might find that you haven’t budgeted enough minutes to finish the necessary tasks.It’s the easiest thing in the world to miscalculate how long it’ll take to do all the work especially when new issues arise—like illness,family problems,puter breakdowns,trouble at work,and all the other things—as you’re thinking through your paper argument or preparing yourself for the ing test.If you keep delaying,you don’t allow yourself time for those various life events that have an adverse(不利的) effect on your ability to plete your assignment. Passage 2 (xx浙江) 下面文章中有5處(第1~5題)需要添加小標題。請從以下選項(A、B、C、D、E和F)中選出符合各段意思的小標題。選項中有一項是多余選項。 A.Slow Down Your Life B.Escape Now and Then C.Separate Your Actions D.Allow Yourself to Be Weak E.Relieve Pressure by Firmly Saying “No” F.Stop Expecting Everything to Be Perfect How to Simplify Your Life Less is more.This is why we say:reduce things by half instead of doubling them,get rid of junk instead of piling it up,relax instead of stressing,slow down instead of speeding up.Apply these principles in your everyday life in a conscious way.You will then find yourself well along on your journey to simplification. 1.　　 When you concentrate on one task,you find you have energy that you didn’t even know you had.Just imagine:you are at a fair and you have to carry two heavy pigs over 100 yards.If you keep grabbing one and then the other,it will take forever,because one of them will keep slipping out from under your arm and running off.But if you tie one pig in a place,pick up the other,gather all your strength and make a dash for the finish line,pause for a moment,run back and get the other one,and with great determination,carry the second pig to the finish line,then you can be sure of success. 2.　　 The pressure at work is on the increase in all occupations.In the modern nuclear family,the expectations that formerly would have been shared among all the relatives are now concentrated on the individual partner. If you have the feeling that 24 hours per day are not enough for all the things you need to do,then it’s not because the day has too few hours,but because you have too many activities.A simple fact that overloaded people often tend to forget.The solution is equally simple:refuse to accept so many work assignments in your private life or your working life. 3.　　 “I can handle stress” is regarded as a positive statement in the world of work.People who can handle stress are given more and more to cope with—until one day they break. Pay careful attention to the signs that tell you that you are under more stress than you can cope with.These signals can e from various areas of life.You bee ill,or your work efficiency decreases. If you have any of these symptoms,change your life goals and decrease your tolerance of stress.Say quite openly,“I can’t manage that.” 4.　　 “If only I were slimmer,more beautiful,richer,more clever,then I would be happier.”This is a dream that makes a lot of people ill,depressed,and unhappy.Life has its flaws,defects,corners,and edges.Only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life. Of course there are activities in which errors are dangerous:driving a car,crossing the road.But life doesn’t consist entirely of these things.In among them there is a lot of room for small and large mistakes. 5.　　 Successful people all have their own places where they can withdraw in order to work.Find out which places improve your creativity.For me it’s the train.When I know that I’m going to be traveling for four hours without phone calls and people knocking on my door,I find my mind is free and I can read or write plex articles.There can be problems working on the train,of course:if the person sitting opposite you keeps talking away,or if train trips make you tired (some people fall asleep after a few miles). Passage 3 (2011浙江) 下面文章中有5處(第1~5題)需要添加小標題。請從以下選項(A、B、C、D、E和F)中選出符合各段意思的小標題。選項中有一項是多余選項。 A.Leadership B.Conflict Solving C.Open munication D.Respect to All Team Members E.Measuring Progress against Goals Fmon Goals with Challenging Target Team Building Means More than Throwing a Few People Together “Teamworking” is found everywhere within just about every organization.You can’t get away from “teams” that are supposed to be able to create something that is greater than the sum of its parts.Or so the theory goes. There are five measures that need to be taken before you can get the most out of a team: 1.　　 There must be a clear reason for the team to exist.And all the members should realize the value and significance of what they are going to do.What they are hoping to achieve should be something achievable but at the same time tough and inspiring enough to attract the members and keep their motivation alive.What is more,they should also be well prepared for the possible difficulties they may e across in the process. 2.　　 Team members must be able to express their opinions freely without fear of being criticized,and they must have the feeling that their suggestions will be taken seriously.This is an important point because the team may need to resolve some plex or thorny issues.For example,it may discuss a sensitive topic.Should they keep their conclusion within the team or share it with other employees?This is an issue in itself that all the members should agree on and frank discussion is required. 3.　　 It is easy to think that a junior team member may have less to contribute than more experienced ones.This is not only demoralizing or discouraging,it also makes no sense — people that have nothing to contribute should not have been selected for the team in the first place.Since they have bee members of your team,you need to make sure that each of them has an opportunity to add his or her thoughts to discussions. 4.　　 Disagreements are natural and,in fact,debate and discussion should be encouraged.A team made up only of “yes men” can make disastrous decisions that few people honestly agreed with in the first place.Consequently,there should be rules on how lengthy disagreements should be handled.For example,team meetings may not be the most appropriate place for a discussion that involves only two people,so “under-the-table”method may be effective. 5.　　 Most high-performing teams are well organized.A good organizer should be able to play to individuals’ strengths and help them overe their weaknesses.It should be someone who can act as a promoter and a constant reminder of what the team needs to achieve.He must,above all,be skilled in sharing responsibility and setting tasks to others,coaching them to achieve tasks,and providing constructive feedback on how the tasks went. Team building isn’t as simple as just throwing a few people together.It requires much more,but motivating people is most essential.Successful teamworking is not marked by how much progress the team makes toward its goals,but by how confidently each of its members pletes his or her assigned tasks with a sense of achievement and pride. Passage 4 (xx浙江) Peter,Helen,Catherine,Elizabeth和Levin想根據(jù)各自在環(huán)保方面的興趣(1—5)進行案例研究。閱讀下面某雜志的專題報道摘要(A、B、C、D、E和F),選出適合他們研究的最佳案例。選項中有一項是多余選項。 　　　1.Peter:Reducing plastic and other wastes through DIY 　　　2.Helen:Making use of the heavy traffic to produce electricity 　　　3.Catherine:Building a munity without private cars 　　　4.Elizabeth:Building houses with recycled materials and energy-efficiency systems 　　　5.Levin:Developing a new type of urban car which burns less gas A B Vauban We know cars are terrible polluters,but would you give yours up?Vauban,a munity in southwestern Germany,did just that,and its 5,000 citizens are doing fine.Most streets are free of vehicles,and there are generous green spaces and good public-transport links,including fast buses and bicycle paths.When people must drive,they can turn to car-sharing clubs.“All the citizens had the chance to plan their own city,”says Andreas Delleke,an energy expert,“and it’s just how we wanted it to be.” Denmark During the period of gas shortage in the early 70s,Denmark decided to bee self-sufficient (自足).So they began a few projects making smart investments along the way. On the island of Samsoe,local families,fishermen and farmers bought wind turbines (渦輪機) to produce their own energy.Within seven years these turbines were pletely paid for.And can you believe just one of wind turbines produces enough electricity for 600 households? C D Trey Parker and Matt Stone Trey Parker and Matt Stone,creators of South Park,have built a sustainable (可持續(xù)的) castle with outer siding and inner flooring of recycled wood,recycled carpeting,high-efficiency boiler systems. “I think more and more today,people are willing to make a statement about the Earth and how they want to protect it,”Michael Rath,home designer and builder says.“For high-end homes in this valley,this is entirely consistent with what they cost.” P-NUT Who doesn’t love the name P-NUT—short for Personal-Neo Urban Transport?It’s Honda’s latest attempt to create a tiny footprint for a new urban vehicle. This little P-NUT is unique.With a central driving position,the car is designed to move in tight settings.The 11-foot micro car will seat three with two rear-seat passengers behind the driver. “The P-NUT concept explores the packaging and design potential for a vehicle designed for the city lifestyle,”said Dave Marek,a Honda design spokesman. E F Israel pany Is it possible that annoying rush hour traffic could bee a source of renewable energy? Israel’s Technion Institute of Technology claims that if we placed special generators (發(fā)電機) under roads,railways,and runways—we could harvest enough energy to mass-produce electricity.A trial process has been used on a smaller scale,in dance clubs for instance,where the pounding feet of dancers light up the floor. “We can produce electricity anywhere there is a busy road using energy that normally goes to waste,”said Uri Amit,chairman of Israel’s Technion Institute of Technology. Coffee Coffee.Some of us can’t start our day without it,and we don’t mind waiting 10 minutes in line for it. Here is the most effective tip to make you a superstar in environment protection. Get a coffee machine for your home or office,or persuade your pany into buying one.(Tell them it will improve productivity.)Skip the coffee line on the way to work and make something that is better-tasting and much better for your wallet. Plus,you won’t need those plastic cups or carrying cases that just get thrown away.Better yet,use your favorite travel mug. Passage 5 (xx浙江) Bryan、Olga、Scott、Anna和David正在進行一項“企業(yè)家成功秘訣調(diào)查”。他們將采訪幾位企業(yè)家,第1~5題是他們擬定的采訪話題。閱讀下面刊登在Entrepreneur(《企業(yè)家》)雜志上6位企業(yè)家的成功感言(A、B、C、D、E和F),為每位采訪者選定最佳采訪對象。選項中有一項是多余選項。 1.Bryan:What es first,the customer or the profit?(　　) 2.Olga:How important is an entrepreneur’s ambition to his/her pany’s growth?(　　) 3.Scott:How does an entrepreneur make use of his/her advantages?(　　) 4.Anna:Why do successful entrepreneurs seem to enjoy their work?(　　) 5.David:What attitude should an entrepreneur have toward his/her social responsibilities?(　　) A Sheri Poe Ryka Inc. Since I started this pany in my kitchen seven years ago,I always dreamt of what it would be some day.Focusing on that goal helps me get through tough times.To get the kind of success that you want,you need to dream big.That’s the starting point.Every success story begins with big dreams.You need to have big dreams for yourself,like being somebody rich,famous or fulfilled.You need to have a clear goal of what you want to achieve. Also,I think it’s really important that the people you’re working with are as mitted to the same goal as you are,so you can support each other and keep each other energetic. B Anita Roddick The Body Shop Inc. In America,we have a shop in Harlem where 50 percent of the profits go into the munity development,and the other 50 percent go toward the funding of a similar shop elsewhere in the United States.The pride that shop brings to the staff and local people inspired me. What The Body Shop does successfully is use our facilities in the street and shopping centers to talk about real human issues like AIDS,recycling,human rights and munity service or to encourage people to speak out against anything they consider to be unjust.Knowing our products are symbols of social change is really encouraging. C Ben Cohen Ben&Jerry’s Homemade Inc. I’m energized by the people I work with.I’m very relationship-driven,which I think is different from most entrepreneurs.I’m inspired by doing things that are not normal and that most people think don’t fit into the business world or don’t make any sense. In business,you are judged by the pany you keep—from your management team,board of directors,and strategic partners.Maybe the lady you met in a trade association meeting can help you secure funding,or the gentleman at a conference can provide you with management advice. D Richard Melman Lettuce Entertain You Enterprises A number of years ago,I was interviewed by someone who was writing a book on entrepreneurs.He asked me,“What’s the opposite of work?”I answered,“Lazy.”He started laughing and said,“Believe it or not,a lot of entrepreneurs say the same thing.” The average person thinks the opposite of work is play,but to an entrepreneur,work is play.I think it all adds up to having fun.It’s fun to create;it’s fun to entertain,and it’s fun to make people happy with our service.When it stops being fun,I’ll stop doing it. E Frank Toskan Make-Up Art Cosmetics(M.A.C.) One of the nicest things anyone ever said to me was,“I hate makeup,but I love M.A.C.”That’s what moves me on.Even people who don’t wear makeup can appreciate our pany,what it stands for its values,and the way we do business. We work from an inverted pyramid,where the customers are always at the top.Our customers inspire me and keep me going.They and our staff,not money,make me enthusiastic.If I had stayed in this business just for the money,I would have closed down years ago. F Kenneth Cole Kenneth Cole Productions Inc. You can’t be everything to everybody.Each of us has our own strengths and weaknesses.To be effective,you need to identify your strengths and concentrate on them.You’ll bee more successful if you are able to channel your efforts to areas that you do best.In business,for example,if you know you are good at marketing,then give it full play.Seek help or assistance in areas that you may be poor at,such as accounting or bookkeeping.To turn your weakness into strength,consider taking hands-on learning or training. A組 Passage 1 (xx浙江溫州高三第一次適應(yīng)性測試) 下面文章有5處(第1~5題)需要添加小標題,請從以下選項(A、B、C、D、E和F)中選出符合各段意思的小標題。選項中有一項是多余選項。 A.Make a well-balanced daily plan B.Predict how long tasks will take C.Keep records of where your time is going D.Handle things in order of importance E.Learn to reject others’ demands F.Analyze the distribution of your time How to Manage Your Time Effectively It has been said that “Time is Money”—but I disagree.Isn’t Time really LIFE? At the end of your life,can you even imagine saying to yourself,“I wish I’d made more money.”It’s more likely you’d be thinking “I wish I’d had more TIME—time to enjoy my life more.”Here are my favorite strategies for managing that most precious of all resources—TIME. 1.　　 You can’t find something you’ve lost when you don’t know where you might have lost it in the first place.So keep track of the exact time you begin and end an activity,and write down a few words to describe the activity.This requires you to be really honest with yourself and track your time—so if you spent 23 minutes chatting with coworkers over coffee—write it down EXACTLY! 2.　　 Review your time logs (記錄) and start to classify the tasks into categories (范疇).You will create these categories yourself,and you and as brief as possible.Some examples might be:Administration,Business Development,Sales & Marketing,puter,etc.You will then sum up how much time you spent doing tasks or activities for each category,in the exact number of minutes.You might also do a little math to figure the percentage of time each category takes out of each day. 3.　　 If you were honest and diligent,chances are that you had suddenly awakened after you reviewed your daily time logs.You no doubt can see where the time is wasted—and now you’re ready to make a better schedule.Make the best of your time by considering when you’re at your best for certain tasks,by grouping similar tasks together for greater efficiency,and by se