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2019年高考英語(yǔ)試題8、9月分類匯編 B單元 完形填空 B4 說(shuō)明文（含解析） 【英語(yǔ)卷(解析)xx屆河北省衡水中學(xué)高三小一調(diào)考試（xx08）掃描版】完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分） 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的ABCD四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 In the 1450s Johannes Gutenberg, a Gennan printer, developed a new printing press(印刷機(jī))。Then single letters could be __41____ in lines to create a page of text. The letters were made of metal.Each one could be ___42___ to different parts of the press,depending on which words were___43____ on a certain page. This was one of the most important ___44_____ in the history of pringting. ___45____, most books had been created by copying out text by hand. The__46__of a single book would take many hours or even days. With the Gutenberg press, ___47___ could be printted in several seconds, and many copies of books could be created in a few hours. Gutenbergs printing press was not so much an i___48____, however, as an improvement of developing technologies. The Chinese were the first to use wooden blocks(木刻版)，as early as the 8th century. Then great __49___was made around 1040. The movable type was invented by Bi Sheng in China. European ___50____the printing methods centuries later. Another contribution to Cutenberg`s system also e from the East,__51____.The Chinese invented paper using ___52___materials,including old clothes. The kind of the inexpensive paper was introduced into Europe in 1000 or so. This kind of paper was __53___for the new European printing presses,__54____it took in the only ink required for the metal type. Printing soon became an important __55___in a rapidly growing world. By 1500,nearly 35,000 books were in print worldwide. But the printing press did not ___56___a lot for a long time. In the 19th century , however, iron ____57___wood in the press`s framework. And paper became___58___in continuous rolls rather than more expensive single pieces. Steam engines ___59__the speed at which the press ran. In the late 1900s,the introduction of better presses greatly __60___the time it took to turn ideas into books. 41.A.used B. put C. read D. written 42.A.shown B .turned C. moved D. added 43.A.needed B. lost C. collected D. found 44.A.challenged B. studies C. discoveries D. developments 45.A.Recently B. Immediately C. Previously D. Finally 46.A.discussion B. production C. instruction D. preparation 47.A.pages B. ideas C. models D. characters 48.A.attraction B . expressin C. petition D. invention 49.A.accident B. research C. progress D. situation 50.A.believed B. followed C .tested D. required 51.A.paper B. wood C. letters D. metal 52.A.fine B. thin C. heavy D. cheap 53.A.useless B. special C. good D. impossible 54.A.as B. although C. until D. unless 55.A.fashion B. industry C. trick D. belief 56.A.apply B. help C. work D. change 57.A.replaced B. controlled C. became D. protected 58.A.necesary B. available C. normal D. valuable 59.A.reached B. limited C. increased D. kept 60.A.made B. allowed C. wasted D. reduced 【答案】【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】B4 說(shuō)明文 【文章綜述】本文講述的本文印刷術(shù)的發(fā)展。 【答案解析】 41B.考查動(dòng)詞辨析A. used使用；B. put放；C. read讀；D. written寫(xiě)；句意：然后這些單一的字母被排列成行制成一個(gè)文本。Put sth in lines把。。東西排列成行，故選B項(xiàng)。 42.C考查動(dòng)詞辨析A. shown 展示；B. turned 轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)來(lái)；C .moved 移動(dòng)；D. added 增加；句意：根據(jù)版面對(duì)于他的需要，每個(gè)字母可以移動(dòng)到不同的地方。根據(jù)句意可知每個(gè)字母都可以移動(dòng)，故選C項(xiàng)。 43.A考查動(dòng)詞辨析A. needed需要；B. lost失去；C. collected收集；D. found發(fā)現(xiàn)；句意：根據(jù)版面對(duì)于他的需要，每個(gè)字母可以移動(dòng)到不同的地方。根據(jù)句意選A項(xiàng)。 44.D考查名詞辨析A. challenges B. studies研究；C. discoveries發(fā)現(xiàn)；D. developments發(fā)展；句意：這是印刷史上最重要的發(fā)展之一。根據(jù)第一句話In the 1450s Johannes Gutenberg, a Gennan printer, developed a new printing press可知選D項(xiàng)。 45.C考查副詞辨析A.Recently最近；B .Immediately立刻；C. Previously先前地；D. Finally最后地；句意：以前，許多的書(shū)可以能過(guò)手來(lái)進(jìn)行抄寫(xiě)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知在講述以前的事情，故選C項(xiàng)。 46.B考查名詞辨析A.discussion討論；B. production生產(chǎn)；C. instruction說(shuō)明；D. preparation準(zhǔn)備；句意：一本書(shū)的生產(chǎn)會(huì)花費(fèi)數(shù)小時(shí)甚至一天的時(shí)間。根據(jù)上文提到most books had been created by copying out text by hand可知選B項(xiàng)。 47.A考查名詞辨析A.pages頁(yè)；B. ideas想法；C .models模型；D. characters角色；句意：用這種印刷機(jī)，在幾秒鐘內(nèi)能打許多頁(yè)，在幾小時(shí)內(nèi)就可印刷數(shù)本書(shū)。根據(jù)句意可知在幾秒鐘內(nèi)印數(shù)頁(yè)，再由頁(yè)數(shù)構(gòu)成書(shū)，故選A項(xiàng)。 48.D考查名詞辨析A.attraction吸引；B. expressin表達(dá)；C. petition比賽；D. invention發(fā)明； 句意：古騰堡印刷術(shù)做為一項(xiàng)科技的發(fā)展并不是一項(xiàng)發(fā)明。根據(jù)下方提到The Chinese were the first to use wooden blocks(木刻版)，as early as the 8th century.可知選D項(xiàng)。 49.C考查名詞辨析A.accident事故；B. research研究；C. progress進(jìn)步；D. situation狀況； 句意：然而比古騰堡印刷術(shù)早1040年。Make progress取得進(jìn)步，故選C項(xiàng)。 50.B考查動(dòng)詞辨析A.believed相信；B. followed跟隨；C. tested檢測(cè)；D . required 要求 句意：畢升發(fā)明活字印刷術(shù)，數(shù)世紀(jì)后歐洲也緊隨其后。 51.A考查名詞辨析A.paper紙；B. wood木頭；C. letters信；D .metal金屬；句意：古騰堡另外一個(gè)貢獻(xiàn)就是紙。根據(jù)下方提到The Chinese invented paper，故選A項(xiàng)。 52.D考查形容詞辨析A.fine好的；B. thin瘦；C. heavy 重的；D. cheap便宜的；句意：中國(guó)發(fā)明了紙，用便宜的原料，包括舊衣服。根據(jù)下方提到The kind of the inexpensive paper was introduced into Europe in 1000 or so.可知選D項(xiàng)。 53.C考查形容詞辨析A.useless無(wú)用的；B. special 特別的；C. good 好的；D. impossible不可能的；句意：這種紙有利于歐洲印刷術(shù)的進(jìn)步。Be good for 對(duì)。。有好處，故選C項(xiàng)。 54.A考查連詞辨析A.as由于；B .although雖然；C. until 直到；D. unless 除非； 句意：因?yàn)樗m用于這種金屬類型的印刷的油墨。兩個(gè)句子之間是因果關(guān)系，故選A項(xiàng)。 55.B考查名詞辨析A.fashion時(shí)尚；B .industry工業(yè)；C .trick 技巧；D. belief信念；句意：印刷很快成為這個(gè)快速發(fā)展的世界的重要的工業(yè)。根據(jù)句意可知印刷成為一項(xiàng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，故選B項(xiàng)。 56.D考查動(dòng)詞辨析A.apply 申請(qǐng)；B. help 幫助；C. work工作；D. change改變；句意：但印刷術(shù)在很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi)并沒(méi)有改變。根據(jù)but可知表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故選D項(xiàng)。 57.A考查動(dòng)詞辨析A.replaced代替；B. controlled控制；C. became成為； D. protected 保護(hù)；句意：到了19世紀(jì)，鐵代替木頭在印刷中的框架作用。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境時(shí)代在發(fā)展，技術(shù)越來(lái)越先進(jìn)，故選A項(xiàng)。 58.B考查形容詞辨析A.necesary必要的；B. available可達(dá)到的；C. normal正常的；D. valuable有價(jià)值的；句意：紙變得更便宜。根據(jù)文中提到rather than more expensive single pieces而不是更貴的紙張，故選B項(xiàng)。 59.C考查動(dòng)詞辨析A.reached到達(dá)；B. limited限制；C. increased增加；D. kept保持；句意：蒸汽機(jī)增加印刷的快速發(fā)展。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知蒸汽機(jī)的發(fā)明加速印刷的發(fā)展，故選C項(xiàng)。 60.D考查動(dòng)詞辨析A.made制作；B. allowed 允許；C. wasted浪費(fèi)；D. reduced減少；句意：到20世紀(jì)，更先進(jìn)印刷術(shù)的引進(jìn)減少把想法變成書(shū)的時(shí)間。