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2019-2020年中考英語 知識點梳理 第9講 八上 Unit 1-2復習 基礎知識即時訓練 一、易錯單詞 1. 恐龍 2. 發(fā)明家 3. 音樂家 4. 科學家 5. 鄉(xiāng)村 6. 智慧 7. 才能 8. 發(fā)明 9. 數(shù)字 10. 指示 11. 獎賞 12. 谷粒 13. 數(shù)量 14. 剩余部分 15. 交通 16. 交通事故 17. 出生 18. 包含 19. 檢查 20. 向（某人）挑戰(zhàn) 21. 許諾 22.（使）加倍 23. 認識到 24. 人的 25. 可能 26. 甚至 27. 然而 28. 突然 29. 代替 30. 正確地 二、詞匯測試 i. 從下面每小題的A、B、C三個選項中選出可以替換劃線部分的最佳選項。 1. —Why do you like spring? —Because we can see flowers everywhere in spring. A. in a place B. here and there C. in some places 2. Perhaps you should try these trousers. A. Maybe B. Usually C. May be 3. Finally, I realized what he meant. A. disagreed B. understood C. refused 4. —Wise men learn by other men’s mistakes, fools by their own. —I couldn’t agree with you more. A. Silly B. Happy C. Clever 5. Nobody mentioned anything to me about it. A. Someone B. Everyone C. No one 6. —What does your mother do at weekends? —She spends weekends doing housework, watching television, reading, and so on. A. such as B. and also C. and so forth 7. —What can I do for you? —Please copy down the sentences on the blackboard. A. put down B. put off C. put away 8. —He’s not a/an human being. He’s a robot. —That’s amazing, he looks the same as humans. A. animal B. machine C. person ii. 根據句子意思，從下面每小題的A、B、C三個選項中選出恰當?shù)脑~語完成句子。 9. A/An ______ means a person who invents something new. A. inventor B. musician C. scientist 10. To ______ something means to have something as a part. A. include B. invent C. discover 11. — You should ______ your homework more carefully. —OK, I will. A. change B. check C. challenge 12. Pandas will ______ if we continue destroying ecosystem (生態(tài)系統(tǒng)). A. die of B. die out C. die off 13. — I ______ the first prize in the English Speech petition. —Congratulations! A. beat B. won C. lost 三、詞組英漢互譯 1. in the countryside 2. 人 3. die out 4. 了解（到） 5. go for a walk 6. 很早以前 7. challenge ... to ... 8. ……等等 9. copy down 10. 從很小的時候 11. bee famous 12. 各種各樣的 13. not ... any more 14. 從那時起 四、課文語法填空 根據所學課文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。 Once upon a time, a king in 1. ________ (Indian) liked playing chess very much. One day, a 2. ________ (wisdom) old man came and the king challenged 3. ________ (he) to a game. The king promised to give him any prize he wanted 4. ________ he won. But to his surprise, the old man didn’t want gold or silver, 5. ________ one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard, two for the 6. ________, four for the third .... At last, the old man 7. ________ (win). So the king asked his men to get rice. But 8. ________ he did as the old man said, he realized he wouldn’t have enough rice 9. ________ (give) the old man, even though he let his men 10. ________ (collection) all the rice in his country. 必考詞匯背記 1. invent v.: produce for the first time 發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造 Edison invented the electric light. 愛迪生發(fā)明了電燈。 ◇拓展 inventor n. 發(fā)明者 invention n. 發(fā)明 2. include v.: have sth./sb. as a part 包含；包括 Does the price include postage? 這個價格包含郵費嗎？ The curriculum includes courses in puting. 課程中包括計算機課。 ◇反義詞 exclude v.不包括 ◇拓展 including prep.包括；包含在內 There are twenty students in our class, including three Americans. 我們班上有二十個學生，其中包括三名美國人。 3. suddenly adv.: happening quickly and unexpectedly 突然地 A good idea suddenly occurred to me. 我突然想出了一個好主意。 ◇拓展 sudden adj. 突然的 There was a sudden change in the weather. 天氣突然變了。 ◇常用短語 all of a sudden 突然 4. win v.: be the best or first in a petition（在比賽中）獲勝 I’m sure he will win the game. 我確信他會贏得這場比賽。 Which country will win the World Cup in xx? 哪一個國家會贏得xx年的世界杯呢？ ◇辨析 win 后常接比賽、戰(zhàn)爭、獎品、金錢等。 beat 后常接運動員、球隊或對手等。 ◇拓展 winner n.贏家；獲勝者 5. die out: disappear 滅絕；消滅 Why did this kind of bird die out? 為什么這種鳥兒滅絕了？ Many old customs are dying out. 許多舊習俗正在日漸消失。 ◇辨析 die of 因……而死，死于……（原因多來自內部） die from 由于……而死（原因多來自外部） 6. find out: learn sth. that you didn’t know 了解（到）；弄清 How did you find out about the party? 你是如何知道聚會的情況的？ It’s important to find out what he is doing. 弄清他在干什么是重要的。 ◇辨析 look for 側重尋找的過程。 find 側重尋找的結果。 find out 指（經過調查）發(fā)現(xiàn)；查明（真相）等。 7. challenge n. & v.: invite sb. to plete against one in a match 挑戰(zhàn) I’ll take you upon the challenge. 我將接受你的挑戰(zhàn)。 Mary challenged me to a game of poker. 瑪麗向我挑戰(zhàn)，要跟我打牌。 ◇常用短語 challenge ... to ... 向（某人）挑戰(zhàn) 8. promise v. & n.: say you will do sth.; a statement that one will or will not do sth. 許諾；承諾 They promised to finish the work within five days. 他們承諾在五天內完成這項工作。 You should keep your promise. 你應當信守承諾。 ◇拓展 break a promise 不守諾言 keep a promise 信守諾言 make a promise 許諾 9. realize v.: understand or believe a fact; make sth. e true 認識到；實現(xiàn) He didn’t realize his mistake.他沒有認識到自己的錯誤。 She finally realized her dream of being a dancer. 她當舞蹈家的夢想終于實現(xiàn)了。 ◇拓展 realization n.實現(xiàn) 10. accident n.: event that happens unexpectedly and causes damage 事故 The old man was killed in a traffic accident. 那位老人死于一次車禍。 ◇常用短語 traffic accident 交通事故 have an accident 遭受意外 by accident 偶然地 寫作句型運用 1. in order to ... 為了…… ◇例句 These days, playing sports is being more and more popular in our school in order to keep students healthy. 這段時間，在我們學校運動越來越受歡迎，以保持健康。 ◇用法 in order to，表示目的，在用法和意義上相當于so as to結構，但是in order to結構可以用于句首、句中，而so as to多用于句中。其否定式分別為：in order not to 和so as not to。 ◇運用 為了能通過考試，我們應該努力學習。（漢譯英） _______________________________________________ 2. so that 以便；為了 ◇例句 And it can change the students’ school life, so that their school life can be colourful and they will not be tired of so much homework. 并且它可以改變學生的校園生活，以便他們的學校生活可以豐富多彩以及他們不會因為繁重的作業(yè)而感到厭煩。 ◇用法 so that 在此引導目的狀語從句，從句中常使用can/could/may/might/ will/would should等情態(tài)動詞或助動詞。 ◇運用 The little boy saved every coin so that he could buy his mother a present on Mother’s day.（英譯漢） _______________________________________________ 寫作模板狂背 類型：調查報告 典例：體育運動與健康 模板： As a popular saying goes, health is wealth. That’s true indeed. These days, playing sports is being more and more popular in our school in order to keep students healthy. Every day after class or during the PE class, we can take part in all kinds of sports, such as basketball, soccer, ping-pong and so on. Having sports does much good to students. For example, it is a good way to relax, especially after an exam. And it can change the students’ school life, so that their school life can be colourful and they will not be tired of so much homework. In my opinion, all of us should have sports to make our life more colourful. 提醒：能力提升卷（九）的書面表達就寫調查報告 第九講?基礎知識即時訓練答案 一、1. dinosaur 2. inventor 3. musician 4. scientist 5. countryside 6. intelligence 7. ability 8. invention 9. number 10. instructions 11. prize 12. grain 13. amount 14. rest 15. traffic 16. accident 17. born 18. include 19. check 20. challenge 21. promise 22. double 23. realize 24. human 25. perhaps 26. even 27. however 28. suddenly 29. instead 30. correctly 二、i. BABCC CAC ii. AABBB 三、1. 在鄉(xiāng)村 2. human being 3. 滅絕 4. find out 5. 去散步 6. a long time ago 7. 向（某人）挑戰(zhàn) 8. and so on 9. 抄寫 10. from an early age 11. 出名 12. all kinds of 13. 不再 14. from then on 四、1. India 2. wise 3. him 4. if 5. but 6. second 7. won 8. when 9. to give 10. collect 寫作句型運用 1. We should work hard in order to / so as to pass the exam. 2. 那小男孩省下每一個硬幣以便在母親節(jié)那天可以給他媽媽買一份禮物。