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第21課時(shí)九年級(jí)Units13～14,考點(diǎn)一cutdown的用法【課文原句】Well,tocutdownairpollution,weshouldtakethebusorsubwayinsteadofdriving.為了減少空氣污染，我們應(yīng)該乘坐公共汽車或者地鐵，而不是開車。(九P98),(1)cutdown意為“減少”，是“動(dòng)詞＋副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語(yǔ)，所接的賓語(yǔ)若為名詞，賓語(yǔ)可位于down的前面或后面；若為代詞，只能位于down的前面。Youdbettercutthearticledowntoabout2，000words.你最好把這篇文章縮減到2000字左右。,(2)cutdown還可表示“砍倒”。Theycutdownthebigtree.他們砍倒了這棵大樹。(3)含有cut的短語(yǔ)：cutoff切斷；切除cutinto把……切成……cutup切碎cutin插隊(duì)；插嘴,1．(2018江蘇揚(yáng)州江都模擬)Itisimpoliteforchildrentowhentheirparentsaretalkingwithothers.A．cutdownB．cutoutC．cutinD．cutshort,2．(2016山東青島中考)Ourcountryistakingactiontoairpollution.A．cutdownB．cutupC．cutoutD．cutoff,考點(diǎn)二表示“花費(fèi)”含義的單詞辨析【課文原句】Itsgoodforhealthanditdoesntcostanything！它對(duì)健康有益而且不花錢！(九P98),cost,spend,take,pay表示“花費(fèi)”的區(qū)別,3．(2017山東濟(jì)寧中考)Thatonemistakealmosthimhislife.A．tookB．paidC．costD．spent,考點(diǎn)三beharmfulto的用法【課文原句】Thisisnotonlycruel,butalsoharmfultotheenvironment.這種做法不僅殘忍，而且對(duì)環(huán)境有害。(九P99),beharmfulto意為“對(duì)……有害”，相當(dāng)于doharmto或bebadfor。Smokingisharmfultoourhealth.＝Smokingdoesharmtoourhealth.＝Smokingisbadforourhealth.吸煙對(duì)我們的健康有害。,4．(2018福建泉州質(zhì)檢改編)—Thefarmchemicalsremainedonthevegetableandfruitaretoourhealth.—Yes.Theymaycauselotsofdiseases.A．importantB．harmfulC．necessaryD．healthy,考點(diǎn)四dosomethingtodosth.【課文原句】Sharksmaydisappearonedayifwedonotdosomethingtostopthesaleofsharkfins.如果我們不采取行動(dòng)阻止鯊魚翅的銷售，總有一天鯊魚會(huì)消失的。(九P99),dosomethingtodosth.意為“采取措施去做某事”，相當(dāng)于takeactiontodosth.“采取行動(dòng)去做某事”。Peopleshouldtakeactiontoprotecttheenvironment.人們應(yīng)該采取行動(dòng)來(lái)保護(hù)環(huán)境。,考點(diǎn)五afford的用法【課文原句】Yes,wecantaffordtowaitanylongertotakeaction！是的，我們不能再等了，必須采取行動(dòng)！(九P100)afford意為“承擔(dān)得起(后果)；買得起”。常與can,could,beableto等連用，多用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。,Itistooexpensive,andIcantaffordit.它太貴了，我買不起。Wecan‘taffordtogoabroadthissummer.今年夏天我們沒(méi)有足夠的錢去國(guó)外。,5．(2018天津中考)Iamafraidwecannottotakeataxi.Letsgobyundergroundinstead.A．refuseB．a(chǎn)ffordC．forgetD．fall,考點(diǎn)六pay的用法【課文原句】Ithinkitsagreatideathatyounowhavetopayforplasticbagsinsomestores.我認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在有些商店塑料袋需要購(gòu)買這個(gè)想法很好。(九P100),(1)pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付錢(給某人)買……Ihavetopaythem20poundsforthisroomeachmonth.我每個(gè)月要付給他們20英鎊的房租。(2)payforsth.付……的錢Ihavetopayforthebook.我不得不付錢買這本書。,(3)payforsb.替某人付錢Dontworry!Illpayforyou.別擔(dān)心，我會(huì)給你付錢的。(4)paysb.付錢給某人Theypayuseverymonth.他們每月給我們報(bào)酬。,6．(2015河北中考)Thisfoodisfree.Youdonthavetoit.A．lookforB．payforC．a(chǎn)skforD．waitfor,考點(diǎn)七throw的用法【課文原句】Doyouoftenthrowawaythingsyoudontneedanymore？你經(jīng)常把你不再需要的東西扔掉嗎？(九P102)throw“扔；拋”，其過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞分別為threw和thrown;throwaway意為“扔掉；拋棄”。Youshouldntthrowawayyouroldclothes.你不應(yīng)該把舊衣服扔掉。,7．(2017福建中考改編)—Dontthewastepaper.Wecancollectandrecycleit.—Youreright.Everyoneshouldbeagreenerperson.A．blowawayB．putawayC．throwawayD．giveaway,考點(diǎn)八lookback的用法【課文原句】Lookingbackatthesepastthreeyears回望過(guò)去的三年(九P107),(1)lookback(at/onsth.)意為“回首(往事)；回憶；回顧”。Wecanlearnsomethingwheneverwelookback.每當(dāng)回首往事，我們都能學(xué)到東西。WhenIlookbackatthosedays,IrealizeIwasveryhappy.當(dāng)我回想起那些日子，我意識(shí)到那時(shí)我非常快樂(lè)。,(2)look的其他常見短語(yǔ)lookfor尋找lookat看lookup向上看；查找lookafter照顧lookthrough瀏覽,8．(2017湖北黃岡中考)—thesepastthreeyears,whichteacherswillyoumissmost?—Mr.Jiang.Heshelpedmealot.A．LookingbackatB．LookingforC．LookingthroughD．Lookingafter,9．(2017山東濰坊中考)—WhydoyouLiuHulan?—Becausesheisagreathero.A．looklikeB．lookdownC．lookoverD．lookupto,考點(diǎn)九Itstimetodosth.句型【課文原句】Andnowitstimetograduate現(xiàn)在到畢業(yè)的時(shí)候了(九P107)◆Itstime＋(forsb.)todosth.表示“該(是某人)做某事的時(shí)候了”。Tom,itstimetogetup.湯姆，該起床了。,◆Itstimefor＋n.(v.ing)意為“該做某事了，到了做某事的時(shí)間了”，相當(dāng)于“Itstimetodosth.”。Bequiet,everyone.Itstimeforclass.大家安靜，該上課了。,【拓展】與time相關(guān)的句型還有Its＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋todosth.表示“某人第幾次做某事”，可以與Its＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋that從句互相轉(zhuǎn)換。ItsthefirsttimeformetovisitDisneyland.Ifeelsoexcited.＝ItsthefirsttimethatIvisitDisneyland.Ifeelsoexcited.這是我第一次參觀迪士尼樂(lè)園。我感到很興奮。,10．(2017黑龍江龍東中考改編)Itstimeforme______goodbyetomymotherschool.Iwillneverforgetall_____love.A．tosay;teachersB．saying;teachersC．tosay;teachersD．saying;teachers,考點(diǎn)十firstofall/congratulate的用法【課文原句】Firstofall,Idliketocongratulateallthestudentswhoareheretoday.首先，我想祝賀今天所有在座的同學(xué)們。(九P110),(1)firstofall意為“首先”，常放在句首表示次序，后面往往接next,then等，其反義詞組為atlast,intheend。Firstofall,letmeintroducemyselftoyou.首先，讓我向你做一下自我介紹。,(2)congratulate①意為“祝賀”，通常用于“congratulatesb.onsth.”，表示“為某事而祝賀某人”。Shecongratulatedmewarmlyonmygoodexamresults.她熱情地祝賀我考試取得了好成績(jī)。,②congratulation是congratulate的名詞形式，其復(fù)數(shù)形式常單獨(dú)使用。—Ivegotthefirstprize.我得了一等獎(jiǎng)。—Congratulations！祝賀！,考點(diǎn)十一thirsty的用法【課文原句】Youwereallsofullofenergyandthirstyforknowledge.你們朝氣蓬勃，渴求知識(shí)。(九P110),thirsty“渴望的；口渴的”；bethirstyfor意為“渴望；渴求”，后跟名詞或動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。Wearethirstyforsuccess.我們渴望成功。,11．(2015山東淄博中考)Afterthefootballmatch,theplayerswereveryandtired.A．coolB．fullC．livelyD．thirsty,12．(2019原創(chuàng))Thechildrenincountrysidearereallythirstyknowledge.A．forB．toC．a(chǎn)tD．of,考點(diǎn)十二setout的用法【課文原句】Asyousetoutonyournewjourney,youshouldn‘tforgetwhereyoucamefrom.在你們踏上新征程時(shí)，不要忘記你們來(lái)自哪里。(九P110),(1)setout意為“出發(fā)；啟程”，其后常跟“for＋地點(diǎn)”，表示出發(fā)去某地。Thearmyareabouttosetout.部隊(duì)就要出發(fā)了。LinglingandIwillsetoutforHangzhou.玲玲和我將啟程去杭州。,(2)setoutonsth.意為“開始進(jìn)行新的或重要的事情”。Whenwesetoutonthisproject,weknewitwouldbedifficult.我們開始著手這個(gè)項(xiàng)目時(shí)就知道它很難。,(3)setouttodosth.意為“著手做某事”，相當(dāng)于“setaboutdoingsth.”。Atfiveinthemorning,hesetouttodohiswork.清晨五點(diǎn)他就開始工作。Assoonasshegothome,shesetaboutpreparinglunch.她一到家就開始準(zhǔn)備午飯。,13．(2018湖北隨州中考)Asweonournewjourney,weshouldntforgetwherewecamefrom.A．takeoutB．setoutC．cutoutD．blowout,14．(2018山東濱州中考)Peoplenowinmanybigcitieshavetoearlytoavoidtheheavytrafficinthemorning.A．setoutB．putoutC．takeoutD．giveout,