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現(xiàn)在完成時與反義疑問句,,現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去,但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成：主語+have(has)+v.過去分詞+其他.主語+haven’t/hasn’t+v.過去分詞+其他.--Have/Has+主語+v.過去分詞+其他？--Yes,主語+have/has.No,主語+haven’t/hasn’t.,現(xiàn)在完成時的句型？,用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句型1）Itisthefirst/secondtime….that…結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分，用現(xiàn)在完成時。ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.Itisthethirdtimethattheboyhasbeenlate.2）Thisisthe…that…結(jié)構(gòu)，that從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時.ThisisthebestfilmthatI‘ve(ever)seen.這是我看過的最好的電影。Thisisthefirsttime(that)I’veheardhimsing.這是我第一次聽他唱歌。,現(xiàn)在完成時1.表示過去發(fā)生或完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。①Haveyoureadthatstory?你讀過那個故事嗎？（讀這一動作發(fā)生在過去，對現(xiàn)在造成的影響為：是否知道故事中的內(nèi)容）②Ihaveboughttwoapples.我買了兩個蘋果。（買這一動作發(fā)生在過去對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是：擁有兩個蘋果）在學(xué)習(xí)這一概念的同時，還應(yīng)注意常與現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)連用的幾個副詞：already，just多用于肯定句中，yet，ever，never多用于疑問句和否定句中。如：Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.我已經(jīng)做完家庭作業(yè)。,1.Hehasjusthadsupper.他剛吃過晚飯。2.HaveyoueversungthisEnglishsong?你曾唱過這首英文歌嗎？3.Theyhaventdonethehomeworkyet.他們還沒有做作業(yè)。4.Wehaveneverseenafilm.我們從來沒有看過電影。5.Hehasdied.他死了。,2.表示過去開始的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至還可能繼續(xù)下去；常和表示從過去某一時刻起延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)）的一段時間狀語連用。如：Theyhavelivedherefortenyears.他們住在這兒有十年了。Shehastaughtinthisschoolsincethreeyearsago.她從三年前開始就在這個學(xué)校教書。Wehaveknowneachothersincewewereveryyoung.我們從很小的時候就彼此認(rèn)識。注意：用于這種用法中的動詞必須是表示連續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)的詞，如：live、work、teach、study、stay、wait、know、be、have、learn、wear、walk、sleep等，這類動詞叫做“延續(xù)性動詞”。英語中還有另一種動詞，如：buy、join、become、begin、fall、come、go、hear、die、close、open、leave、borrow、等，它們只表示短暫的動作，不能表示一個延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，這類動詞叫做“瞬間性動詞”，它們可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時，但是不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用。,短暫性動詞變延續(xù)性動詞：join---2)come---3)borrow---4)buy---5)arrive---6)leave---7)begin---8)open---9)close---10)die---,,bein/a,bein/at,keep,have,be,beaway(from),beon,,beopen,beclosed,bedead,,_______adj.,____adj.,這只狗死了。這只狗昨天死了。這只狗一天前死了。這只狗死了一天。,Thedoghasdied.Thedogdiedyesterday.Thedogdiedadayago.Thedoghasbeendeadforaday.,_____________,_______,_______________,_______,_______________,_______________________,_____________,戲劇開始了。戲劇半小時前開始了。戲劇開始半個小時了。我買了一臺電腦。自從我來到這里就買了一臺電腦。,Theplayhasbegun.Theplaybeganhalfanhourago.Theplayhasbeenonforhalfanhour.,Ihaveboughtacomputer.IhavehadacomputersinceIcamehere.,典型例題(1)---Doyouknowourtownatall?---No,thisisthefirsttimeI___here.A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming答案B.Thisisthefirsttime后面所加從句應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時，故選B。(2)---Haveyou____beentoourtownbefore?---No,itsthefirsttimeI___here.A.even,comeB.even,havecomeC.ever,comeD.ever,havecome答案D.ever意為曾經(jīng)或無論何時，反意詞為never，此兩詞常用于完成時。ThisisthelargestfishIhaveeverseen.Itis/wasthefirsttime+that-clause的句型中，從句要用完成時。,1.I__theway.I__hereforquitemanyyears.A.knew…h(huán)avelivedB.knew…liveC.know…h(huán)avelivedD.know…live2._____youever_____America?Yes,Ihave.A.Have…gonetoB.Have…goneinC.Have…beentoD.Have…beenin3.Mybrother____collegeforoverthreeyears.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.hasbeenat4.He___theArmybytheendof1989.He___inthearmysincethen.A.joined…isB.hasjoined…h(huán)asbeenC.hadjoined…isD.hadjoined…h(huán)asbeen5.__you_thetextyet?Yes,we__ittwohoursago.A.Did…copy…didB.Have…copied…h(huán)aveC.Have…copied…didD.Did…copy…h(huán)ad,C,C,C,D,C,5.“Why______she_______angry?”“Becausehe_____atherjustnow.”A.did…get…shoutedB.has…got…shoutedC.did…get…h(huán)asshouted6.__you__thefilmbefore?Where__you__it?A.Have…seen…did…seeB.Did…see…h(huán)ave…seenC.Have…seen…h(huán)ave…seen7.You____mewaitingfortwohours.I____foryousincefive.A.kept…waitedB.havekept…waitedC.kept…h(huán)avewaitedD.havekept…h(huán)avewaitedWhere__John__?Tothelibrary.He__thereforanhour.A.has…been…h(huán)asgoneB.has…gone…h(huán)asbeenC.did…go…wentD.did…be…went,A,A,D,B,A.用already或yetHavetheytakendowntheoldpictures______?No,not___________.2)Mostofushavefinishedourcompositions____.3)Hehasn’tvisitedthemuseum________.B.用since或for1)Wehavelearnedfivelessons____thebeginningofthisterm.2)MrsLiaohasbeeninhospital______lastweek.3)Ihavestayedatmyaunt’s_____twoweeks.Ihavebeenhere______1999.Theyhavekeptthebooks____oneday.Ithasbeencold______twoweeksago.Wehavelearntalot______wecamehere.,yet,yet,already,yet,since,since,for,since,for,since,since,C.用havegone或havebeenWherearetheboystudents?They___________totheschoolfactory.Isyourfatherin?No,he______________toShenzhen._______heever______therebefore?Yes,he_____________thereseveraltimes3)HeaskedmeifI_________toHangzhoubefore.ItoldhimthatIwantedtogothereforavisitasI______never______tothatcitybefore.4)Mybrother__________theGreatWallthreetimes.5)–IwanttoreturnthebooktoJack,butIcan’tfindhim.--He________thelibrary.Youcanfindhimthere.,havegone,hasgoneto,Hasbeen,hasbeen,havebeen,havebeen,hasbeento,1)I_________abike.I______thebikeaweekago.I___________thebikeforaweek.(買了)2)He______.He_____________fortwodays.(死了)3)She__________.She____________foraday.(回來了)4)Thefactory_______.It____________forayear.(開辦了),,havebought,bought,havehad,hasdied,hasbeendead,hascomeback,hasbeenback,hasopened,hasbeenopen,反義疑問句,概念：表示說話人對所陳述的事情有所懷疑或者不肯定，想通過對方的回答來加以肯定或者是否定。原則：前肯后否，前否后肯。不管問法，事實回答。注意否定詞：few,little,never,hardly,nothing,nobody,,1.Therearefewstudentsintheclassroom,_________?2.Hehaslittlemoney,________?3.Ihaveneverseenthisfilm,_____?4.Thereisnothingnewinthenewspaper,_________?5.Henevergotuplateinthepast,________?6.ShecanhardlyspeakEnglish,______?7.Pleaselistentome,__________?8.Let’sreviewModule6together,______?,反義疑問句的回答,1.–Youhaveseenthisfilm,haven’tyou?a.--_________.HowIwishtoseeitagain.b.--_________.HowIwishto!2.–Yourbrotherdoesn’tgetupearly,doeshe?--________.Buthegetsuplateonweekends.3.--Youhavekeptmybookforalongtime,_____?--______.I’llreturnittoyourightnow.4.--Youareneverlateforschool,areyou?--________.Ialwaysgotoshoolearlierthanothers.5.–Jim’sneverbeentoBeijing,______?--________,hewenttheretwoyearsago.,Yes,Ihave,No,Ihaven’t,,,Wishyougetagoodmark!,