《The impact of economic globalization on the world culture 英語畢業(yè)論文》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《The impact of economic globalization on the world culture 英語畢業(yè)論文（15頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、The impact of economic globalization on the world culture 1 The Essence of the Economic Globalization Nowadays, every hole and corner of the world has been swept out to the wave of the economic globalization, bringing a huge influence to the world culture. What is the Butterfly Effect? We

2、can see it clearly in the equity market of the Wall Street, which can totally cause the fluctuation of the economy in the Eastern Hemisphere. The economic globalization accelerates the development of the technology as well as the economic culture. With the depreciation of the US dollar, we can see e

3、conomic overheating in many countries, and the economic strength becomes an effective means to control the currency inflation. Therefore, whether we can build a multivariate culture will influence the foreground of the world culture. As we all know, economic globalization is a natural progress whe

4、re the human society should across space obstacles to realize the amalgamation of capital, goods, technology, labor and other production elements. This process began as early as the development of industrial civilization, and developed with the expanding of such a mode of production in the world. At

5、 the end of the 1990s, the tide of economic globalization changes the pattern of the whole world. The information has made the Earth become smaller and smaller, breaking the obstacles of the various economic activities. This is a beneficial side, while the downside is also very evident. As it accele

6、rates the economic growth, spreads the new technologies and improves the living standards of both developed and developing countries, it can also violate a countrys sovereignty, erode local culture and traditions, and threat the economic and social stability of the less developed countries. In fact,

7、 the economic globalization is a unified activity about the trade rules, but the fact is that the rules of globalization are also enslaved to power politics. We can get a clear idea in the formulation and revision of the rules on global polity and economy. A case in point is that the rules can be br

8、ought into effect only if they are propitious to the powerful countries. There is inequality between the developed and developing countries because the former dominates the world economy. Developed countries take an advantage on not only capital, technology, trade but also on the economic organizati

9、on. The impact of economic globalization on the world culture is not a matter of simple statistics and reports. It is, in essence, a diagnostic line of analysis to consider its pluses and minuses on the general public. Globalization consists of social, economic and political adjustments that people

10、 may embrace to epitomize their culture and incorporate it with the world. It is a concept that has its economic, social and political roots and consequences. To a large extent, globalization promotes integration of the world and calls for the removal of all cultural barriers. Although the economic

11、globalization is a vital process toward transferring technology and information to the world, it still has its negative effects on most cultures and civilizations. Its impacts on cultures, in this case the culture of the developing countries culture are relatively controversial. An obvious complain

12、t about economic globalization is that it leads to cultural homogeneity: interaction and interaction diminish difference; global norms, ideas or practices overtake local mores; many culture flows, such as the provision of news, reflect exclusively western interests and control；And the cultural imper

13、ialism of the United States leads to the global spread of American symbols and popular culture, the counterargument stresses new heterogeneity that results from economic globalization: interaction is likely to lead to new mixtures of cultures and integration is likely to provoke a defence of traditi

14、on; global norms or practices are necessarily interpreted differently according to local tradition, and one such norm stresses the value of cultural difference itself; cultural flows now originate in many places; and American has no hegemonic grasp on a world that must passively accept whatever it h

15、as to sell. In my viewpoint, since economic globalization has the nature of paradox and, it contributes to cultural diversity and can lead to the creation of new cultures. On the other hand, economic globalization undermines traditional cultures and leads to homogenization and assimilation with str

16、onger cultures. Therefore, we can not separately consider the problem; rather, we should think it over as a whole. Namely, economic globalization brings both homogeneity and heterogeneity. Facing the adversities of homogeneity, we should try to find out ways to maintain our own characteristics.

17、 2 The Impact of Economic Globalization on World Culture 2.1 The Current Situation Facing the economic globalization which is an irreversible tide of the world, no matter they are developed or developing countries, they must be invo

18、lved in this process; otherwise, they will lose their living space or fail to catch up with the trend of the times. A certain culture is always based on a certain level of economy. Globalization is bound to have profound effects on global culture, bringing big changes to all kinds of cultures. Accor

19、ding to the specific trend of the global culture, there are three points of view in the current domestic and international academic circle. The first one is they recognize and accept the cultural globalization; the second one is they think the global culture will be in diversity; the third one is th

20、ey think the global culture will be a diversified integration. People who hold the view of global culture think that globalization is comprehensive, so if we only acknowledge the economic globalization and exclude the cultural globalization, it will violate the basic logic. They emphasize the influe

21、nce of economic on the culture; therefore, the economic globalization would form a universal culture. While other people who argue that the global culture will be in culture, and it will form a real cultural globalization. Apparently, they both have their one-sidedness and their rationality, so ther

22、e come to the third view that the global culture will be a diversified integration. However, they do not tell us exactly which side of integration trend will be strengthened or which side of diversity trend will be strengthened. In this way, the so-called “diversified integration” will lose its mean

23、ing on building the real culture. In order to accurately determine the impact of economic globalization on the global cultural trends, it is necessary for us to analyze the way of the impact of economic globalization on the global culture. 2.2 The Production and Consumption of Goods and Services

24、 A case in point is that "McDonalds culture" spread around the world as tens of thousands of McDonald stores open to everywhere. For the Chinese, they consider "McDonalds"and "KFC" more as a symbol of American culture than a symbol of fast food. Instead of filling their stomach, people who enter int

25、o the stores just want to feel a bit of “American atmosphere”. There are 28,000 McDonalds retails in the world from 120 counties. In the year of 2000, the overall volume of sale arrived ＄ 40 billion, while 60﹪of the total income came from the overseas business. Professor Dorfma, an American scholar,

26、 said, “Coca-Cola is not a simple matter, which is supported by the superstructure.” In addition to material commodities, the circulations of cultural products in the world more directly contribute to the development of the global culture. For example, Readers Digest of the USA circulates in more th

27、an 100 countries with 19 languages and 48 kinds of international versions, while “SCI”, “SSCI”, “EI” have become an important standard for judging academic, scientific, and technological achievements. 2.3 The Turnover of the Staff Under the situation of economic globalization, the talent flow

28、 will become more frequent and extensive, mainly illustrated by the flow from developing to developed countries. According to statistics, 1,200 million people from developing countries now work in the United States companies, for example, 40﹪~ 50﹪university students graduates in India working abroad

29、; There are 10 million Africa university students are working in developed countries; Chinese people account for nearly one-third of the 20 thousand engineers and technicians working in the Silicon Valley of United States; Since 1985, 82﹪ of the graduates from Qing Hua University who study the high

30、technology immigrated the United States, while the figure was up to 76﹪ in Beijing University. At the same time, as the capital flow from developed countries into developing countries, a large number of staff also moves into the developing countries and some developed countries even send some staff

31、to dedicate in the cultural dissemination, such as the “The Peace Corps” and some other cultural and assistance activities held by the United States. They send their teachers, missionaries, doctors abroad in order to do some volunteer activities. The flowing staffs actually are the carrier of their

32、local cultures, who exchange their culture with the local people. 2.4 The Strategy of the Developed Countries to the Developing Countries The health economic globalization calls for the respect for different cultures and values, strengthening exchanges and dialogue rather than one culture eati

33、ng up another one. Now the problem is some developed countries try to impose their cultures and values on other counties, attempting to put the developing countries in a subordinate status. An American sociologist once said, The spread of American popular culture has long been a series of efforts th

34、at people want to achieve the worlds reunification. It has replaced the Latin pushed by the Roman Empire and Christianity. Based on the analysis of the impact of economic globalization on the world culture and on the understanding of the diversified integration from two different points of view

35、, we can recognize this problem more objectively. As a complete concept, culture has its own deep structure and surface structure. The deep structure of a culture，which comprises values，thinking and behavioral patterns，religious beliefs，esthetic tastes，etc., is of great stability and inert

36、ia. It develops following its own orbit and will not easily get assimilated by other cultures. It is not as easy as selling McDonalds, if the values of the United States want to conquer all the nations of the world. In contrast，the surface structure of the culture，which centers around consumption，is

37、 easy to get globalized, because, the surface structure is the same as the popular culture, which is just a kind of spiritual fast food, such as jeans, Titanic, Kara 0K, etc. The economic globalization can only form a kind of culture globalization at this level. However, even at this level, when a k

38、ind of foreign culture spreads into another country, the local culture will change the origin form of the foreign culture and form a new one, which may be called the third form of culture. A case in point is that in the United States, people patronizing McDonald’s want to save money and time, while

39、in China, people do not have money but they have enough time, so they will treat McDonalds as places where a special ceremony can be held ,such as birthday, farewell party and so on. Besides, the dinner time of Chinese is far more than the Americans. We can see that McDonalds has been something in C

40、hina. When the Coca-Cola came to China, some people added some ginger in it. In the same way, when the Chinese things are introduced to the overseas, they would also promote the localization of them. For example, the Chinese brooms and chamber pot were taken as an Arts & Crafts on the wall in the we

41、st. Nevertheless, contrasted with the deep structure of culture, this level of culture is easy to be globalized. From what has been discussed, if we just have a general description about the world culture of diversification, we would not have a clean idea about the relationship between the econ

42、omic globalization and the world culture. If we analyze this problem from different angles, we will achieve different conclusions. Although the surface structure of the culture is easy to get globalized, the deep structure of a culture is comparatively not easily to get assimilated by other cultures

43、, which is determined by the nature of a nation’s culture. 2.5 The Conflict and Assimilation of the World Culture Global culture will eventually find a way of adapting itself to global economy through interaction with the latter．With the upgrading of the economic globalization, different cult

44、ures will be brought into full intercourse. The flowing of the technology, personnel, capital all through the world made the contacts between countries closer than ever before, as well as the conflicts. Thus, in the context of the globalization, challenges, frictions and conflicts will be inevitable

45、 between different cultures, which are the object way of existing of the culture conflict. While the subject way is that the culture hegemonism is the potential motivation of the culture conflict. Represented by the United States for global domination of Western developed countries, they monopoly on

46、 the global media business dumping in their culture, ways of life and values to the world, by virtue of their technological and economic strength. We must also see that globalization has promoted the human’s universal interaction, so that different cultures, particularly Eastern and Western cultures

47、 have greatly increased the mutual understanding. Through our concerted efforts, the possibility of conflicts between different national cultures will be greatly reduced. The development of different cultures of the world has experienced a process that it conflicted with other cultures as well as be

48、ing absorbed, which is also a process that the new world culture should adapt itself to the economic globalization. 2.6 Cultural Identity It is assumed that the origin of globalization can be traced back to the times when Christopher Columbus and Vasco da Gama began their epoch-making voyages in

49、1492 and 1497,respectively. Tony Spybey remarke, “Europeans began to have an influence on the rest of the world and implant their cultures on all continents. The acquisition that what is a world view by Europeans produced as its long-term outcome the world’s first truly global culture.” ( Spybey, 19

50、96) Discussion on cultural identity concerns the confluence of global culture with local and national culture. The global trends and local variations place a great strain on older concepts of a national and regional culture. A global media culture provides new sources for pleasures and identities t

51、hat redefine gender, fantasies and new cultural experiences. These lead to the fragmentation of traditional identities, subjectivities and the construction of new identities. Obviously, the intersection of the global and the local is producing new matrixes to generate the production of hybrid identi

52、ties. In other words, the global permeates the local with the result that new configurations emerge. In this process there create “contradictory forces of neocolonization and resistance, global homogenisation and new local hybrid forms and identities.” ( Yu Keping & Huang Weiping,1998) Although econ

53、omic globalization forces can be oppressive and erode cultural traditions and identities they can also provide possibilities to reshape or remould one’s identity. 3 Impact of Economic Globalization on Chinese Culture

54、 3.1 The Current Situation of Chinese Culture Since China became a full WTO member in 2002, globalization has become a hot topic in China. With the development of the economic globalization, here comes the question about the culture identities. The problem arises when we perceive identity as fix

55、ed, natural and timeless. Such a conception makes it unlikely for contested and plural identities to emerge. In spite of the fact that global forces can be oppressive and erode local traditions and identities, they can also provide new framework for people to remould their identities. Discussi

56、on on economic globalization and cultural identity is of great significance in contemporary China, as the country is getting more and more involved in the process of economic globalization. It is not easy for anyone talking about globalization not to generalize or articulate it in stereotypes. Never

57、theless, the huge and fast-growing literature on globalization in China demonstrates that the theoretical study of globalization is flourishing in the country. Diverse attitudes towards globalization can be summarized by the terms they are using, such as “worldness”, “internationalization”, “transna

58、tionalization”, “international integration”, “interdependency”, “Westernization” and “convergence”. In China, globalization is a material reality. The global trends in all walks of life reflect that China, after having shut itself against the outside world, has merged into world community in a deep

59、and extensive manner. 3.1.1 Americanization of Chinese Values With further development of China’s reforms and open-up policy, there are more and deeper communications with western cultures．In this process，a lot of American values are introduced into China such as individual freedom，competition，mat

60、erial wealth and family values. Many young Chinese adopt most of these values as the “American way of life”. They prefer to pursue the American values more than our traditional ones. Actually, the Chinese values have been Americanized to some extent though the distinctiveness remains． We can find t

61、hat many young Chinese now have strong beliefs in individual freedom and try to be more self-reliant．Unlike their elders, they are much less dependent on the support of others．They highly value the efforts of themselves and wish to be successful through their own striving and efforts．They adore indi

62、vidualism instead of the collectivism which is advocated in our traditional culture. And they think more for themselves instead of always trying to maintain harmony through tolerance of others．Their choices are more decided on their own interests instead of society and country．These changes have bot

63、h positive and negative effects．On one hand，the young Chinese today are more self-promoting than before．They make decisions by themselves．On the other hand，they have become more self-oriented or even more selfish. They lay less emphasis on team spirit．Their loyalty to a given group is weak．They are

64、 apt to change their membership as it suits or leaves one employer for another．They take less consideration of others；personal goals take precedence over group goals，which sometimes destroy the harmony the situation may achieve．Many of them admire the American value and want to study or work in the

65、United States． 3.1.2 The Popular Culture in China With the influence of the cultural globalization and the gradual formation of a new world system, China is witnessing a “cultural movement” characterized by one “fever” after another. Against the background of global capitalism, the above-mention

66、ed logical concepts of economic mechanism are not only applied effectively in economic activities, but also in the development of culture. The hegemony of Chinese mainstream culture may still be influential, but growing popular culture identities have managed to make a strong presence. More and more people have changed their attitudes towards consumer culture. As a result, a local cultural study has recently become a fashionable interdisciplinary inquiry and multiculturalism, a much con