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2019中考英語語法精講精練：八大時(shí)態(tài) 一．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為以及現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。 時(shí)間狀語：always, usually, often, sometimes, every day(week, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：1.be動(dòng)詞， 2， 行為動(dòng)詞 否定式：1.am/is/ are + not 2. 如謂語動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞，則在前面加don’t. 主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，加doesn’t, 后面跟動(dòng)詞原形。 一般疑問句：1.把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。2. 用助動(dòng)詞do提問，如遇第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does. 同時(shí)，還原動(dòng)詞。 二．一般過去時(shí) 概念：過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、 時(shí)間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time etc 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：1. be動(dòng)詞（was, were） 2.行為動(dòng)詞did 否定式：1. was/ were+ not 2. 行為動(dòng)詞前加didn’t, 同時(shí)還原動(dòng)詞 一般疑問句：1. was/ were 放在句首。 2, 用助動(dòng)詞did 提問，同時(shí)還原動(dòng)詞 三．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 概念：表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作、或雖然說話時(shí)不一定正在進(jìn)行，但是近階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或行為 時(shí)間狀語：now, at this time, these days, etc 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/ is / are +doing 否定形式：am/is/ are+not+doing 一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞（am/is/are）放于句首 四．過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 概念：表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作 時(shí)間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time(或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語等) 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were + doing 否定形式：was/ were +not+ doing 一般疑問句： 把was/were 置于句首 五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果；或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在為止的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài) 時(shí)間狀語：recently, lately, since…. For…. In the past few years, etc 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + done 否定式： has/ have + not + dong 一般疑問句： has/ have 放在句首 六．過去完成時(shí) 概念： 過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，即過去的過去 時(shí)間狀語：before；by the end of last year(term, month_) etc 基本結(jié)構(gòu)： had + done 否定形式： had + not　+done 一般疑問句： had置于句首 七．一般將來時(shí) 概念：表示將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事 時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…), soon, in a few minutes, by…, the day after tomorrow, etc 基本結(jié)構(gòu)： 1. am/ is / are + going to do 2. will/ shall + do 否定形式：1. be(am/ is/ are) +not +going to do 2. will/ shall+not +do 一般疑問句：1. be動(dòng)詞提前 2. will/shall 提到句首 八： 過去將來時(shí) 概念：立足于過去某一時(shí)間，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中 時(shí)間狀語：the next day(morning, year) , the following month(week,,,), etc 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：1. was/ were going to do 2. would/ should +do 否定形式： 1. was/ were +not+ going to do 2. would not do 一般疑問句：1.was/were 放于句首。 2. would 提到句首 鞏固練習(xí) ( )1. There _______ no hospitals in my hometown fifty years ago. A. is B. are C. was D. were ( )2. --- Who sings best in your class? --- Jenny _______. A. do B. did C. does D. has done ( )3. --- _____ the young girl _____ the old man clean his room every day? --- Yes, she does. A. Does; help B. Has; helped C. Did; help D. Do; helps ( )4. --- Can I go to Beijing for my holiday, Dad? --- You can when you _______ a bit older. A. will get B. get C. are getting D. got ( )5. --- What does Linda often do in the evening? --- She often ____ her homework, but on the evening of March 12 she _______ TV. A. does; watches B. is doing; watched C. does; watched D. is doing; was watching ( )6. Our geography teacher told us yesterday that the earth _______ around the sun. A. was moving B. moved C. has moved D. moves ( )7. If he _______harder, he will catch up with us soon. A. study B. studies C. will study D. studied ( )8. --- Dont forget to ask him to write to me. --- I wont. As soon as he _______, Ill ask him to write to you. A. will come B. came C. comes D. is coming ( )9. --- Do you like this silk dress?--- Yes, I do. It _______ so soft and comfortable. A. is feeling B. feels C. has felt D. is felt ( )10. Oh, its you. Im sorry I _______ know you _______ here. A. dont; are B. didnt; are C. didnt; were D. dont; were ( )11. Mr Lu Xun died in 1936. He _______ a lot of famous novels. A. wrote B. was writing C. has written D. would write ( )12. --- Your telephone number again? I _______ quite catch it --- Its 2567321. A. cant B. couldnt C. dont D. didnt ( )13. --- How was your weekend on the farm? --- Great! We _______ with the farmers. A. enjoy ourselves B. went fishing C. will work D. make friends ( )14. --- What did Mr Jones do before he moved here? --- He _______ a city bus for over twenty-five years. A. is driving B. drove C. has driven D. drives ( )15. Jane _______ a new dress every month when she was in Shanghai. A. buys B. is buying C. bought D. will buy ( )16. --- Liu Mei cant come tonight. --- Why? But she ___ me she would come. A. tells B. told C. is told D. had told ( )17. He turned off the light and then _______. A. leaves B. has left C. will leave D. left ( )18. --- Keep quiet, please. They _______ a meeting. --- Sorry. A. have B. had C. are having D. have had ( )19. --- Jimmy is leaving for a holiday. --- Really? Where _____ he ____? A. has; gone B. will; go C. did; go . would; go ( )20. Frank _______ to see his grandma if he _______ free tomorrow. A. will come; will be B. comes; is C. will come; is D. comes; will be ( )21. There _______ a talk on science in our school next Monday. A. will give B. will be C. is going to give D. is ( )22. --- Shall we go shopping now? --- Sorry, I cant. I _______ my shirts. A. wash B. washes C. washed D. am washing ( )23. --- Hurry up! Were all waiting for you. --- I _______ for an important phone call. Go without me. A. wait B. was waiting C. am waiting D. waited ( )24. --- Did you see Tom at the party? --- No, he _______ by the time I got there. A. had left B. was leaving C. left D. has left ( )25. --- Is this raincoat yours? --- No, mine _______ there behind the door. A. has hung B. is hanging C. hung D. will hang ( )26. --- _______ you _______ TV at the moment? --- No, you can turn it off. A. Did; watch B . Are; watching C. Do; watch D. Have; watched ( )27. I dont think Jim saw me; he _______ a book at that moment. A. just read B. has just read C. was just reading D. had just read ( )28. Mr Smith ____a book about China last year but I dont know whether he has finished it. A. has written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing ( )29. --- I called you at seven yesterday evening, but there was no answer. --- Oh, I am sorry. I _______ dinner at my friends home. A. am having B. had C. was having D. have had ( )30. --- Do you know Miss Wang? --- Yes. I first met her two years ago. She _______ at a radio shop at that time. A. was working B. has worked C. is working D. had worked ( )31. Mr White _______ the newspaper, while his daughter _______TV. A. read; was watching B. was reading; watched C. was reading; was watching D. read; watched ( )32. --- I _______ you at the meeting. Why? --- I was ill. A. saw B. have seen C. not see D. didnt see ( )33. When the teacher came in, the students _______ about the new film. A. are talking B. were talking C. talked D. talks ( )34. The 2004 Athens Olympic Games _______ on August 13. A. has begun B. lasted C. began D. has lasted ( )35. Hurry up! The play _______ for ten minutes. A. has been on B. has begun C. had begun D. began ( )36. --- May I speak to Mr Smith? --- Sorry, he _______ Australia. But he _______ in two days. A. has been to; will come back B. has gone to; will be back C. has been in; would come back D. is leaving for; doesnt come back ( )37. I cant go to see the film tonight, because I ______ my ticket. A. have lost B. lost C. will lose D. was losing ( )38. --- What do you think of the film Harry Potter? --- It is very nice. I _______ it twice. A. will see B. have seen C. saw D. see ( )39. We _______to learn English five years ago. We _______ it for five years up to now. A. began; learned B. begin; have learned C. have begun; had learned D. began; have learned ( )40. --- What a nice bike! How long _______ you _______ it ？ --- Just two weeks. A. have; bought B. did; buy C. have; had D. are; having ( )41. You dont have to describe her. I _______ her several times. A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet ( )42. --- Im sorry to have kept you waiting. --- Oh, not at all. I _______ here only a few minutes. A. have come B. had been C. was D. have been ( )43. --- _______ my dictionary anywhere? --- Yes. I saw it on your desk a moment ago. A. Have you seen B. Do you see C. Had you seen D. Would you see ( )44. --- I havent heard from Li Jun for a long time. --- What do you think _______ to him? A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. had happened ( )45. --- Do you know our town at all? --- No, this is the first time I _______ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming ( )46. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _______ office soon. A. leaves B. would leave C. will leave D. had left ( )47. --- How long _______ your father _______ the Party? --- For more than twenty years. A. has; joined B. did; join C. has; been in D. does; join ( )48. Mrs Smith _______ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _______ home. A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; would come D. had left; came ( )49. --- Do you know Betty very well? --- Yes, she and I _______ friends since we met in Guangzhou last summer. A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned ( )50. --- What did your son say in the letter? --- He told me that he _______ the Disney World the next day. A. would visit B. has visit C. is going to visit D. will visit （ ） 51. --- The letter _______ in Japanese. Can you read it to me? --- With pleasure. A. writes B. wrote C. is writing D. is written ( )52. --- This kind of rice tastes nice. Do you know where it is grown? --- Yes, it _______ in Southeast China. A. was grew B. has grown C. is grown D. is growing ( )53. In some parts of the world, tea _______ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served ( )54. --- Did you win the basketball game? --- Bad luck. Our team _______ in the final one. A. won B. beat C. was won D. was beaten ( )55. This painting _______ to a museum in New York in 1977. A. sells B. sold C. was sold D. is sold ( )56. The television _______. It doesnt work now. A. must repair B. was repairing C. must be repaired D. has repaired ( )57. I believe that those mountains _______ with trees in a few years time. A. are covered B. will be covered C. are covering D. will cover ( )58. --- Do you think that the classroom _______ every day? --- Yes, I think so. A. should clean B. should be cleaning C. should cleaned D. should be cleaned ( )59. I like my new bike. It _______ very well. A. rides B. is riding C. is ridden D. has ridden ( )60. --- Do you think this kind of apple _______ well? --- No, I dont think so. A. have sold B. sells C. are sold D. would sell ( )61. It is said that about 400 cars _______ in the factory next month. A. were produced B. will produce C. are produced D. will be produced ( )62. I wasnt at home yesterday. I _______ to help with the harvest on the farm. A. asked B. was asked C. was asking D. had asked ( )63. --- Are you free this afternoon? --- No. Ill have an English composition _______ this afternoon. A. to write B. wrote C. to be writing D. to be written ( )64. How sweet the music _______! I have never heard a better piece. A. sounds to be B. is sounded C. is sounded to be D. sounds ( )65. --- Where are the boys? --- Oh, they _______ basketball on the playground just now. A. were seen play B. were seen to play C. have seen to playD. have seen play ( )66. --- Can you sing this English song? --- Of course I can. It _______ often _______ by children. A. is; sang B. will; sing C. was ; sang D. is ; sung ( )67. No one knows how the huge rocks _______ and _______ without our modern machines eight hundred years ago. A. were cut; moved B. were cut; move C. are cut; moving D. are cut; moved ( )68. --- When _______ this computer _______? --- Last year. A. did; make B. was; made C. is; made D. has; made ( )69. --- Can you tell me whom the play _______ in 1998? --- Sorry, I dont know. A. was written by B. was written C. is written by D. is written ( )70. --- What did Miss Zhang say to you just now? --- She said that all the books should _______ to the library on time. A. are returned B. return C. be returned D. be returning ( )71. The old man was quite weak after the accident, so he _______. A. must be taken care B. must take care of C. must be looked after D. must look after ( )72. --- What does the radio say? --- It says that a wild animal zoo is to _______ in our city. A. be building B. will be built C. is built D. be built ( )73. When and where to build the new factory _______ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided ( )74. Paul doesnt have to be made _______. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning ( )75. A football match _______ in our school next Monday. A. will hold B. will be held C. is going to hold D. holds  參考答案 1-5 DCABC 6-10 DBCBC 11-15 CDBBC 16-20 BDCBC 21-25 BDCAB 26-30 BCDCA 31-35 CDBCA 36-40 BABDC 41-45 BDACB 46-50 BCDCA 51-55 DCBDC 56-60 CBDAB 61-65 DBADB 66-70 DABAC 71-75 CBABB