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中考一輪復(fù)習(xí) S(二)開頭詞匯 （一）（講義） ??以字母 S 開頭的單詞 形容詞 small /sm??l/ adj. 小的，少的；年幼的 short /???t/ adj. 矮的；短的 be short of 短缺 I’m a little short of money this month. 這個(gè)月手頭有點(diǎn)緊。 be short for… 是……的縮寫/簡(jiǎn)稱 Jo is short for Joanna. 喬是喬安娜的簡(jiǎn)稱。 straight /stre?t/ adj. 直的；坦誠(chéng)的，直率的 a boat sailing in a straight line 直線航行的船 long straight hair 又長(zhǎng)又直的頭發(fā) a straight answer to a straight question 問得直率，答得坦誠(chéng) It’s time for some straight talking. 現(xiàn)在該開誠(chéng)布公地談?wù)劻恕? adv. 筆直地；直接，徑直，立即；坦率地 He was too tired to walk straight. 他累得走都走不直了。 Come straight home after school. 放學(xué)后直接回家來。 I told him straight that I didn’t like him. 我坦率地告訴他說我不喜歡他。 strong /str??/ adj. 強(qiáng)壯的；堅(jiān)固的；強(qiáng)烈的；堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的 a strong wind 大風(fēng) smart /smɑ?t/ adj. 聰明伶俐的；衣著講究的，光鮮的；時(shí)髦人物的；快速敏捷的 She’s smarter than her brother. They were wearing their smartest clothes. He set off at a smart pace. silly /s?l?/ adj. 傻的，愚蠢的 stupid /stju?p?d/ adj. 愚蠢的；笨的 slow /sl??/ adj. 慢的；慢吞吞的(不樂意)；遲鈍的 Progress was slower than expected. 進(jìn)展比預(yù)計(jì)的緩慢。 adv. 慢速地；緩慢地近義詞：slowly Drive slow! v. (使)放慢，減緩，松勁 slow down 放慢速度；松勁 Slow down a bit (=work less hard), or you’ll make yourself ill. slowly /sl??li/ adv. 慢速地；緩慢地 Could you speak more slowly? strict /str?kt/ adj. 嚴(yán)格的；嚴(yán)厲的 be strict with sb. in sth. 在某事方面對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格 serious /s??r??s/ adj. 嚴(yán)重的；嚴(yán)肅的；認(rèn)真的 be serious about (doing) sth. Is she serious about wanting to sell the house? seriously adv. 嚴(yán)重地；嚴(yán)肅地；認(rèn)真地 take sb./sth. seriously 認(rèn)真對(duì)待某人或某物 strange /stre?n(d)?/ adj. 奇怪的，奇特的；陌生的 …strange to sb. 某人對(duì)……感到陌生 At first the place was strange to me. 起先我對(duì)這個(gè)地方不熟悉。 stranger /stre?n(d)??/ n. 陌生人；外地人 shy /?a?/ adj. 害羞的 (shyer, shyest) shyly adv. 害羞地 shyness n. 害羞；靦腆 sad /sd/ adj. 悲傷的；令人悲哀的，讓人難過的 We are very sad to hear that you are leaving. We had some sad news yesterday. sad to say 很遺憾；很可惜 (=unfortunately) Sad to say, we never found them. sadness n. 悲哀，悲傷 sadly /sdl?/ adv. 傷心地，悲傷地；不幸地，遺憾地 She shook her head sadly. Sadly, after eight years marriage they had grown apart. 不幸的是，結(jié)婚八年后，他們的感情日漸淡漠了。 sorry /s?r?/ adj. 慚愧的，抱歉的；難過的，感到惋惜的；后悔的，懊悔的 be sorry that… 歉意；同情、惋惜 I’m sorry that I missed your birthday. I’m sorry that your husband lost his job. be sorry to hear/learn/see 很難過…… We’re sorry to hear that your father’s in hospital again. be/feel sorry for sb. 同情；憐憫 I feel sorry for anyone who has to drive in this sort of weather. 我很同情在這種天氣狀況下還得開車的人。 feel sorry for yourself 感覺不幸；自我憐憫 Don’t be sorry for yourself. 別灰心失望。 scared /ske?d/ adj. 驚慌的；嚇壞的 scary adj. 令人驚慌的；嚇人的 近義詞：frightened 受驚的；害怕的 frightening 引起恐懼的；使驚恐的 shocked /??kt/ adj. 驚愕的；受震驚的 My parents were completely shocked! sick /s?k/ adj. 有病的；患病的；想嘔吐的；對(duì)……厭倦的 sick & ill She’s sick. 她生病了。 a sick woman 一個(gè)生病的女人 She’s ill. 她生病了。 an ill woman 一個(gè)壞女人 （ill 作定語時(shí)表示“壞的；不良的”） be sick of sb./(doing) sth. 厭倦某人或做某事 I’m sick of listening to them argue all the time. the sick 病人 homesick adj. 思鄉(xiāng)的 seasick adj. 暈船的 sunburned /s?nb??(r)nd/ adj. 曬傷的 sore /s??/ adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的 have a sore throat 嗓子疼 sour /sa??/ adj. 酸的；酸臭的 sour apples 酸蘋果 turn/go sour 餿了 sweet /swi?t/ n. 甜食，甜點(diǎn)；糖果；親愛的 Would you like some more sweet? 你想再吃點(diǎn)甜食嗎？ adj. 甜的；可愛的；和藹的；新鮮的 have a sweet tooth 愛吃甜食 soft /s?ft/ adj. 軟的；柔和的 quiet and soft music 輕柔的音樂 smooth /smu?/ adj. 光滑的；平坦的 as smooth as silk 十分柔軟，光滑 solid /s?l?d/ adj. 結(jié)實(shí)的；固體的 solid food 固體食物 n. 固體 Water changes from a liquid to a solid when it freezes. safe /se?f/ adj. 安全的 safe and sound 平安無恙 They arrived home safe and sound. safely adv. 安全地 n. 保險(xiǎn)柜 safety /se?ft?/ n. 安全；無危險(xiǎn) in safety 毫無危險(xiǎn) We are in safety now. safety first 安全第一 (there’s) safety in numbers 人多保險(xiǎn)；人多勢(shì)眾；人多膽壯simple /s?mp(?)l/ adj. 簡(jiǎn)單的，容易的；簡(jiǎn)樸的，樸素的 simply /s?mpl?/ adv. 僅僅；只；不過 近義詞：just single /s??g(?)l/ adj. 單一的，單個(gè)的；單身的；單人的 He sent her a single red rose. 他送給她一支紅玫瑰。 Are you still single? 你還是單身嗎？ a single/double room 單人/雙人房 similar /s?m?l?/ adj. 類似的；相像的 be similar to sb./sth. 和……很相似 senior /si?n??/ adj. (級(jí)別、地位)較高的；年長(zhǎng)的senior high (school) 高中 n. 較……年長(zhǎng)的人 She was ten years his senior. 她比他大十歲。 My brother is my senior by two years. 我哥哥比我大兩歲。 special /spe?(?)l/ adj. 特殊的，特別的；特價(jià)的 Take special care of it. 對(duì)這東西要特別細(xì)心。 n. 特別的東西，特殊的事物；特價(jià) The menu changes regularly and there are daily specials to choose from. 菜譜定期更換，而且每天都有特色菜供選擇。 There’s a special on coffee this week. 本周咖啡特價(jià)。 spare /spe?/ adj. 閑置的；備用的；空閑的，多余的 a spare bedroom 一間閑置的臥室 a spare key/bulb/battery/tyre 備用的鑰匙/燈泡/電池/輪胎 in one’s spare time = in one’s free time 在某人空閑時(shí)間 v. 抽出；留出 We can only spare one room for you. Surely you can spare me a few minutes? 你應(yīng)該能為我空出幾分鐘時(shí)間吧？ sure /???/ adj. 確信；肯定 be sure to do sth. 一定；必定(會(huì)發(fā)生/會(huì)做/要做) The exhibition(展覽) is sure to be popular. Be sure to call me up when you arrive. be sure (about/of sth) / (that+句子) 對(duì)……有把握；確信 My parents want me to be a doctor, but I’m not sure about that. I’m sure that he will agree. adv. 當(dāng)然；(加強(qiáng)語氣)的確，確實(shí) “Will you open the wine?” “Sure, where is it?” Texas sure was a great place to grow up. make sure (of sth)/(that+句子) 確?！? They scored another goal and made sure of victory. 他們又進(jìn)了一個(gè)球，這就贏定了。 Just make sure (that) you try your best. for sure 無疑；肯定 I think he lives there but I couldn’t say for sure. 動(dòng)詞 start /stɑ?t/ v. 開始，著手；出發(fā) to start with 第一，首先；起初，開始時(shí)start to do = start doing sth. start out 啟程，出發(fā)；開始從事，著手做 They started out from Beijing this morning. 他們今天上午從北京出發(fā)了。 He started out to write a novel. 他著手寫一部長(zhǎng)篇小說。 He started out on a new career. stand /stnd/ n. 站立；位于；忍受 stand up 站起來 stand for 代表；意味著 —The book’s written by T. C. Smith. —What does the “T. C.” stand for? stand out 突出，顯眼；杰出 (outstanding adj. 突出的；杰出的) I think black lettering will stand out best on a yellow sign. 我認(rèn)為黃色標(biāo)志上的黑色字體最醒目。 sit/s?t/ v. (sat, sat) 坐 sit down 坐下 sit-up n. 仰臥起坐 sleep /sli?p/ v. (slept, slept) 睡覺；入睡 She is sleeping. n. 睡覺；睡眠 go to sleep 上床睡覺 fall / be asleep 熟睡；睡著 sleepy /sli?p?/ adj. 困倦的；瞌睡的 sing /s??/ v. (sang, sung) 唱；唱歌 singer n. 歌手 say /se?/ v. (said, said) 說；講 say to oneself 自言自語，心里想，暗自思量it is said… 據(jù)說…… that’s to say 那就是說，換句話說 saying /se???/ n. 諺語；格言；警句 [C] speak /spi?k/ v. (spoke, spoken) 交談；講話；會(huì)講(某種語言)；發(fā)言 speak 說(語言) speak Japanese/German He speaks several languages. speak to/with sb. about sth. 交談 Can I speak with you for a moment? say 說 (內(nèi)容) Tom says, “I agree with you.” She said hello/goodbye to me yesterday. tell 告訴；吩咐 tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告訴某人某事tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人(不)做某事tell a story/joke/lie 講故事/講笑話/說謊tell the truth 說實(shí)話 talk 交談 talk to/with sb. about sth. 跟某人談?wù)撃呈? speaker /spi?k?/ n. 演講者；說話者；講某種語言的人 shout /?a?t/ v. 斥責(zé)；喊叫 shout out (sth./to sb.) 大聲說出 shout at 沖……大聲叫嚷 & shout to 沖……大聲喊叫 Stop shouting at your children! Everyone maybe make mistakes. We shouted to our parents to let them know about the danger. n. 呼喊，喊叫聲 loud shouts/angry shouts 大聲的喊叫/憤怒的喊叫 see /si?/ v. (saw, seen) 看見；探訪；領(lǐng)會(huì)用 see/look/read/watch 填空 ! That dog is running after his owner. Please this picture, and then it carefully. What did you ? Don’t those boring magazines. Let’s watch/see a movie together! see sb. do/doing sth. 看見某人做了/正在做某事 see sb off 為……送行；送別 “It opens like this.” “Oh, I see!” “這樣就打開了?！?“哦，我明白了！” wait and see 耐心等待；等著瞧 —Is he going to get better? —I don’t know, we’ll just have to wait and see. stare /ste?/ v. 盯著看；凝視 stare at… 凝視；盯住…… What are you staring at? sound /sa?nd/ n. 聲音 She heard the sound of footsteps outside. 她聽見外面有腳步聲。 v. 聽起來；發(fā)出響聲 sound + adj. 聽起來…… His voice sounded strange on the phone. sound like + n. 聽起來像 You sounded just like your father when you said that. The bell sounded for the end of the class. adj. 明智的；健康的；酣暢的be of sound mind 心智健全have a sound sleep 睡得很香 smell /smel/ v. (-ed; -ed 或 smelt; smelt) 聞起來；聞到；嗅，聞 n. 嗅覺[U]；氣味 感官系動(dòng)詞：smell, sound, look, taste, feel seem /si?m/ v. 似乎；好像 seem like + n./that 似乎，好像…… It seemed like a good idea at the time. seem + n. “看上去像……；看來是” He seems an honest man. 他看上去像一個(gè)老實(shí)人。 seem + adj. “似乎很……” You seem happy today. 你今天好像很高興。 seem + to do sth. / to be … I seem to have a cold. Lily seems to be angry. = Lily seems angry. It seems/seemed + that 從句 It seems that no one believes you. sweep /swi?p/ v. (swept, swept) 掃除；掃 sweep sth. away 掃除，清除；消滅；摧毀 Any doubts had long since been swept away. 一切懷疑早已完全消除。 houses swept away by the floods 被洪水摧毀的房屋 sweep sth. out 打掃干凈(房間等) Greg swept out the kitchen. sweep up 打掃；清掃 Lily was sweeping up. Lily was sweeping up broken glasses. ??與字母 S 相關(guān)的諺語 Saying and doing are two things. Score twice before you cut once. / Look before you leap. Seize opportunity by the beard, for it is bald behind. Sharp tools make good work. Sharpening your axe will not delay your job of cutting wood. Slow and steady wins the race. ??精講精練 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )1. TFBOYS’ songs sweet and many of us like listening to them. A. sound B. feel C. see D. smell ( )2. Choosing the right circle of the friends will us a lot of troubles, heartaches and possibly a life of deep regret. A. save B. share C. keep D. bring ( )3. —The organization WildAid is to protect wild animals. —It has done a lot so far. A. cheered up B. picked up C. stayed up D. set up ( )4. Cathy spent a lot of money on her son’s study. 選出與劃線部分意義相近的選項(xiàng)。 A. cost; about B. took; for C. spent; in D. paid; for ( )5. —Do you know why he didn’t a word when he to? —Because he was too nervous. A. speak, speaks B. say, was spoken C. say, spoke D. speak, is spoken 二、根據(jù)提示填空 1. I’m thankful to the teacher for her (suggest) on my interview. 2. Finally the firemen saved the little girl under the damaged building (success). 3. Drive (徑直) on, and you’ll find the museum on your left. 4. 青少年應(yīng)該敢于質(zhì)疑。 Teenagers are _ be brave enough to ask questions. 5. 新體育館的設(shè)計(jì)圖樣將在圖書館展出。 Designs for the new gym will be in the library. 【參考答案】 ??以字母 S 開頭的單詞 Look, look at, watch, see, read ??與字母 S 相關(guān)的諺語 1. 說與做是兩回事。 2. 三思而后行。 3. 見了機(jī)會(huì)，就要抓他的胡子，因?yàn)樗竺鏇]有頭發(fā)。 4. 工欲善其事，必先利其器。 5. 磨刀不誤砍柴工。 6. 穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打；無往不勝。 ??精講精練一、單項(xiàng)選擇1—5：AADDB 二、根據(jù)提示完成句子 1. suggestion(s) 2. successfully 3. straight/direct 4. supposed to 5. on show/display