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中考一輪復(fù)習(xí) P 開(kāi)頭詞匯（一）（講義） ??以字母 P 開(kāi)頭的單詞 Pacific /p?sifik/ adj. 太平洋的 n. 太平洋 the Pacific 太平洋 pack /pk/ vt. 把……打包/裝箱 The tea is packed and sent to many different countries and places around China. package /pkid?/ n. 包裹；一包，一袋，一盒 a package of 一袋/盒…… page /peid?/ n. 頁(yè)，頁(yè)碼 page 5/five = Page 5/Five = the fifth page paint /peint/ n. 油漆 v. 給……上油漆 painter 油漆工 painting /pe?nt??/ n. 油畫(huà)；繪畫(huà) pair /pε?/ n. 一對(duì)；一副；一雙 The pair of shoes (be) mine. palace /pl?s/ n. 宮；宮殿 the Summer Palace 頤和園 pale /pe?l/ adj. 蒼白的，灰白的 pancake /pnke?k/ n. 薄煎餅 panda /pnd?/ n. 熊貓 paper /pe?p?/ n. 紙；報(bào)紙 [U] a piece of paper 剪紙 paper cutting [C] 報(bào)紙；試卷；文章 pardon /pɑ?d(?)n/ interj. 請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍 Pardon? (Repeat, please.) v. 寬??；原諒 Pardon me. 抱歉；請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍 Pardon me for interrupting, but I have a question. I hope you will pardon me for doing so. n. 原諒；寬恕 I beg your pardon, I thought that was my coat. 請(qǐng)?jiān)彛粚?duì)不起 ‘It’s on Duke Street.’ ‘I beg your pardon.’ ‘Duke Street.’ 請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍 parent /pe?r(?)nt/ n. 父(母)親 Paris /pr?s/ n. 巴黎 park /pɑ?k/ n. 公園 v. 停放(汽車(chē)) No parking! parking /pɑ?k??/ n. 停車(chē)；停車(chē)場(chǎng)；停車(chē)位 parking lot 停車(chē)場(chǎng)；停車(chē)區(qū) part /pɑ?t/ n. 參加；參與；部分 take part in & join & join in 參加He joined the army in 2001. Welcome to join in the game! He took part in the students’ movement in the 1940s. (=participate in) play a part in doing sth.=play a role in doing sth. 參與某事；發(fā)揮作用 Everyone should play a part in (save) the earth. They play a role in (decide) the winner. v. 離開(kāi)；分開(kāi) part with 放棄；交出 (尤其不舍得的東西) My daughter was more understanding, although she also felt sad to part with certain toys. adj./adv. 部分的(地) ；業(yè)余的(地) ；兼職(的/地) part-time jobs 兼職工作 pass /pɑ?s/ v. 傳，遞；經(jīng)過(guò)；通過(guò) pass the exam 通過(guò)考試 pass sth. to sb. = pass sb. sth. 遞給某人某物 Pass the salt to me. pass sth. on to sb. 轉(zhuǎn)交；(用后)傳給 Pass the book on to me when you’ve finished with it. pass away 去世 Her mother passed away last year. pass by 路過(guò) Lily passed by my house. past /pɑ:st/ n. 過(guò)去，昔日，往事 in the past 在過(guò)去 (可用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)) I wonder what life (be) like here in the past. Jim has done many things in the past, but he’s happiest now in his job as a teacher. adj. 過(guò)去的 in the past year/24 hours/few weeks (用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)) I (not see) much of her in the past few weeks. He (be working) in a crayon factory in Wenzhou for the past 13 years. He has lived in Wenzhou for the last 13 years. prep. 在……之后；經(jīng)過(guò) ten past six 六點(diǎn)十分 walk past the park 走過(guò)公園 adv. 經(jīng)過(guò) A week went past and nothing had changed. party /pɑ?t?/ n. 聚會(huì)，晚會(huì)；黨派 have/give a party 舉行聚會(huì) passage /ps?d?/ n. (文章等的)一節(jié)，一段；通道；走廊 passenger / ps?nd?? / n. 乘客；旅客 passport /pɑ?sp??t/ n. 護(hù)照 path /pɑ?θ/ n. 小道，小徑 patient /pe??(?)nt/ n. 病人 adj. 耐心的 be patient with sb./sth. 對(duì)……有耐心 The nurse is patient with the patients. impatient adj. 沒(méi)有耐心的 pay /pe?/ v./n. (paid, paid) 付費(fèi)；給……報(bào)酬 spend：主語(yǔ)是人，賓語(yǔ)是金錢(qián)、時(shí)間，短語(yǔ)spend…on sth./(in) doing sth. take：主語(yǔ)是 it，賓語(yǔ)是時(shí)間，短語(yǔ) it takes/took (sb.) time to do sth. cost：主語(yǔ)是物，賓語(yǔ)是金錢(qián)，短語(yǔ) sth. costs/cost (sb.) money pay：主語(yǔ)是人，賓語(yǔ)是金錢(qián)，短語(yǔ)pay for (付費(fèi)；付出代價(jià)) ( ) 1. I some of my free time playing basketball for my school team. A. spend B. cost C. take D. pay ( ) 2. —What beautiful shoes you’re wearing! They must be expensive. —No, they only l0 yuan. A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost pay off 還清債務(wù) pay attention to 注意；關(guān)注 Why didn’t you pay attention to the question mark? pay a visit to 參觀；訪問(wèn) If you have time, pay a visit to the local museum. physics /f?z?ks/ n. 物理(學(xué)) physical /f?z?k(?)l/ adj. 身體的 P.E. = physical education 體育 peace /pi?s/ n. 和平 War and Peace peaceful /pi?sf?l/ adj. 和平的；安寧的 pear /pe?/ n. 梨子；梨樹(shù) pen /pen/ n. 鋼筆，筆 penny /peni/ n. 便士；美分 pl. pennies/pence pence /pens/ n. (英)便士；美分 penny 的復(fù)數(shù)形式 pound /pa?nd/ n. 磅(重量單位)；英鎊(英國(guó)貨幣單位，等于 100 便士) six and a half pounds 六磅半 twenty pounds= 20 20 英鎊 pencil /pens(?)l / n. 鉛筆 period /p??r??d/ n. 時(shí)期，時(shí)代 the period 1910-1917 people /pi?p(?)l/ n. 人，人們；人民；民族 people [pl.] six people 六個(gè)人 person (個(gè)體) six persons 六個(gè)人 民族；種族[C] six peoples 六個(gè)民族 the People’s Republic of China / the PRC 中華人民共和國(guó) person /p?:s?n/ n. 人 [C] in person 親自 personal /p??s(?)n(?)l/ adj. 個(gè)人的；私人的 When did they invent the personal computer? P.C. = personal computer 個(gè)人電腦 private /praivit / adj. 私人的 I don’t have much private time anymore. percent /p?sent/ n. (=per cent) 百分之…… 30% of + n. (= thirty percent of …) 30% of the students (be) girls. 70% of the earth (be) covered by sea. perfect /p??f?kt/ adj. 完美的，極好的 Nobody’s perfect! 人無(wú)完人！ Practice makes perfect! 熟能生巧！ perhaps /p?hps/ adv. 可能，或許 Perhaps we might never know, but we do know they must have been hard-working -- and great planners! “Do you think I dare ask him?” “Perhaps not.” This is perhaps her finest novel yet. pet /pet/ n. 寵物 permission /p?m??(?)n/ n. 允許 without permission 未經(jīng)允許 ask permission (from sb.) 請(qǐng)求(某人)允許 give sb. permission to do sth. 準(zhǔn)許某人做某事 Who gave you permission to leave class early? permit v.&n. vt. 許可；允許；準(zhǔn)許 permit sth. permit sb. sth. permit doing sth. = allow doing sth. permit sb. to do sth. = allow sb. to do sth. I don’t permit noise in my house. The guards permitted the prisoners three hours’ exercise a day. We don’t permit smoking in the office. Her parents didn’t permit her to go to the concert by herself. vi. 許可；允許；準(zhǔn)許 I’ll come after the meeting if time permits. Weather permitting, we’ll go camping tomorrow. n. 通行證；許可證；執(zhí)照 He is in charge of issuing a permit. You can’t work here without a work permit. phone /f??n/ = telephone /tel?f??n/ v. 打電話(huà) n. 電話(huà)；電話(huà)機(jī) photo /f??t??/ = photograph /f??t?grɑ?f/ n. 照片；圖畫(huà) take a photo / take photos 拍照 picture /p?kt??/ n. 圖片；照片 take a picture (AmE) pick /p?k/ v. 精選；采摘；挑選； There is a pen on the floor. Let me pick it up. （拾起） Pick me up at 8 o’clock. （接某人） I picked up German when I lived in Germany. （偶拾；無(wú)意間學(xué)會(huì)） I seem to have picked up a terrible cold from somewhere. （得到；感染） What were you doing last night, Linda? I called at seven and you didn’t pick up. （接電話(huà)） picnic /p?kn?k/ n. 野餐 have a picnic 去野餐 v. 去野餐 In summer they picnicked on the beach. pink /p??k/ adj. 粉紅色的 pie /pa?/ n. 餡餅 apple pie piece /pi?s/ n. 一塊(張，片，件……) a piece of paper/news/bread/meat/cloth a bar of chocolate/soap 一條巧克力/一塊肥皂 a slice of bread/cheese 一片面包/奶酪 place /ple?s/ n. 地方；處所；位置 [C] places of interest 名勝；景區(qū) We have visited many places of interest in China. take place 有計(jì)劃發(fā)生；舉行 & happen 偶然發(fā)生 Great changes have taken place in my hometown these years. A serious car accident happened last night. The football match took place last night. take the place of… 代替…… Who can take the place of him when he is out? in the first/second/third place 首先，其次，然后 v. 放置，安置，安排 place the book on the shelf 放置 pig /p?g/ n. 豬 pilot /pa?l?t/ n. 飛行員 pioneer /pa??n??/ n. 先鋒；開(kāi)拓者 Young Pioneers 少先隊(duì)員 a pioneer of… pity /p?t?/ n. 同情；遺憾 It’s a pity/shame. 真可惜，真遺憾 It’s a pity that you can’t come to our party. What a pity/shame! 真遺憾！ —We lost the game at the last moment. —What a pity! take pity on 同情…… I took pity on the poor man. plain/ ple?n/ adj. 家常的；普通的 n. 平原，草原 plan /pln/ n. 計(jì)劃，打算 make a plan 做計(jì)劃 v. 計(jì)劃，打算 plan to do sth. 計(jì)劃做某事 plane /ple?n/ n. 飛機(jī) planet /pln?t/ n. 行星 plant /plnt/ n. 植物 v. 種植；播種 plate /ple?t/ n. 板；片；牌；盤(pán)子 plastic /plst?k/ n. 塑料，塑料制品 adj. 塑料的，塑料制的 plastic bags piano /p?n??/ n. 鋼琴 pianist /p??n?st/ n. 鋼琴家 play /ple?/ v. 玩；打(球)；游戲；播放 n. 娛樂(lè)；戲劇，電視劇 play football 踢足球 play the piano 彈鋼琴 play the drums 敲鼓 play chess 下國(guó)際象棋 play sports = do sports 做運(yùn)動(dòng) Go play with your friends. 和……一起玩 A group of kids are playing with a ball in the street. 玩…… play a part/a role in doing sth. 發(fā)揮作用 play a trick / a joke on sb. 跟某人開(kāi)玩笑，捉弄某人 player /ple??/ n. 運(yùn)動(dòng)員；播放機(jī) playground /ple?gra?nd/ n. 操場(chǎng)；運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng) on the playground please /pli?z/ exclamation 請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)問(wèn) Could you please do something? v. 使高興；使?jié)M意（不用進(jìn)行式） You can’t please everybody. 你無(wú)法讓每個(gè)人都滿(mǎn)意。 pleased /pli?zd/ adj. 高興的 be pleased with/about sth. 對(duì)……感到滿(mǎn)意、高興 She was very pleased with her exam results. be pleased that+從句 對(duì)……感到滿(mǎn)意、高興 I’m really pleased that you’re feeling better. be pleased to do sth. 高興、樂(lè)于做某事 We are always pleased (be) able to help. pleasant /plez(?)nt/ adj. 令人愉快的；舒適的 a pleasant place 一個(gè)令人愉快的地方 unpleasant 反義詞 pleasure /ple??/ n. 高興；愉快 ①—Can you lend me a hand? —With pleasure. (客氣地接受或同意)當(dāng)然了，很愿意。 ②—Thank you very much. —It’s my pleasure. 不客氣，不用謝。 ③It’s a pleasure to do sth. 很高興做某事 ??與字母 P 相關(guān)的諺語(yǔ) No pain, no gain. Patience is a virtue. Please all and you please none. Politeness costs nothing and gains everything. ??精講精練 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )1. —What did you do on Earth Day this year? —We a show to spread the message about protecting the environment. A. put on B. put up C. put away D. put off ( )2. —Look! What’s on the ground? —Oh, it’s my sweater. Please . A. pick it up B. put it on C. give it out D. take it off ( )3. This hotel us a large house. A. provides; for B. offers; to C. provides; with D. offers; with ( )4. —What a heavy rain! —So it is. I prefer _ rather than on such a rainy day. A. to go out; stay at home B. to stay at home; go out C. going out; stay at home D. staying at home; go out ( )5. In the past few years, great changes in Lianyungang. A. take place B. took place C. have taken place D. have been taken place 二、根據(jù)提示填空 1. The sun p us with light and heat. We can’t live without it. 2. It’s a p that the weather is so bad today. We can’t go for a picnic. 3. Justin lay back and enjoyed the (安寧) of the summer evening. 4. 在過(guò)去這個(gè)男孩寧愿玩電腦游戲也不愿做家庭作業(yè)。 The boy computer games to doing homework in the past. 5. 所有這些舊房子將在三個(gè)月后拆除。(pull) All these old houses in three months. 【參考答案】 ??以字母 P 開(kāi)頭的單詞 is saving; deciding was haven’t seen; has been working A D are; is to be ??與字母 P 相關(guān)的諺語(yǔ) 1. 不勞則無(wú)獲。 2. 忍耐是一種美德。 3. 要面面俱到者，面面不到。 4. 禮貌不用花一分錢(qián)，卻能贏得一切。 ??精講精練一、單項(xiàng)選擇1—5：AACBC 二、根據(jù)提示完成句子 1. provides 2. pity 3. peace 4. preferred playing 5. will be pulled down