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Unit 4 Pygmalion ***閱讀理解。 As a child，I was generally happy，singing and dancing to my favorite songs，smiling and laughing with my friends and family.But as far back as second grade，I noticed a “darkness” about me.I didn’t enjoy participating in many things. In middle school，things in my life began to get even worse.I began withdrawing from everything I once enjoyed.I was always tired.Everything was horrible.Finally，midway through eighth grade，I was told I had a chemical imbalance，diagnosed(診斷)with clinical depression，and had to take medicine.It took months for me to feel the effects of the medicine. When I began to feel happy again is when I realized that I had to take the responsibility for getting better myself，rather than relying on medicine.Aristotle said，“To live happily is an inward power of the soul，” and I believe that this quote describes what I had to do to achieve happiness.Happiness is a journey.Everyone seems to need different things to be happy. “The essentials(要素) to happiness are something to love，something to do，and something to hope for，”a quote from William Blake sums up what I believe people need to realize to be truly happy in life.People need love.I feel they need their family and their friends more than anything else in the world.People need work to do，something to make them feel they are making a difference in the world.People need to know that more good is to e in the future，so they continue to live for “now” instead of constantly worrying about the bad that could e.Love and hope are happiness. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　作者根據(jù)自己克服抑郁癥的經(jīng)歷總結(jié)出了幸福生活的要素。 1．What do we know about the author in Paragraph 2? A．He hated going to sleep because he couldn’t sleep well. B．He spent months recovering from the clinical depression. C．He was diagnosed with clinical depression in Grade Seven. D．He suffered a great deal from clinical depression. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的I began withdrawing from...take medicine.可知，在中學(xué)時，作者受到臨床抑郁癥的折磨。故選D項。 2．Who helped the author to be happy again? A．The author’s friends.　 B．Aristotle. C．The author himself. D．William. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句可知，作者并不是依賴藥物而是靠自己克服病癥，重新快樂起來。故選C項。 3．Which of the following about being truly happy is unnecessary in the author’s opinion? A．Love.　 B．Ambition. C．Hope.　 D．Work. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句可知，作者認(rèn)為幸福的要素包括愛、希望和工作。故選B項。 4．What may be the best title for the text? A．The Essentials to Happiness B．Ways to Overe Shortings C．Everyone Needs to Be Happy D．Happiness Is Love A　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀文章，作者根據(jù)自己克服抑郁癥的經(jīng)歷，總結(jié)出幸福生活的要素，文章最后一段具體闡述了要素的內(nèi)容，由此可知A項契合文章主旨。 ***語法填空。 Also__1__(know) as “paper paintings” and “painted pictures”， New Year paintings are __2__ unique art form in Chinese folk culture. The paintings are called “New Year paintings” because they are __3__(most) posted during the Chinese New Year holiday __4__decoration and they are also a symbol of New Years greetings. New Year paintings __5__(appear) around the Tang dynasty, replacing the previous door pictures __6__(feature) the gods believed to be able to protect the residents and drive away ghosts. In the Song dynasty, New Year paintings were created on a large scale. With the advancement of printing technology, the content and forms of New Year paintings became __7__(diversity). The development of the paintings matured in the Ming and Qing dynasties, __8__the art hit its heyday (全盛期)． Traditional printing __9__(method) of New Year paintings include woodblock printing, stoneblock printing, offset (膠印) printing, traditional Chinese painting, watercolor painting and sketches etc. Woodblock printed New Year paintings __10__(be) the most popular and interesting ones. 1．________2.________3.________4.________5.________ 　6.________7.________8.________9.________10.________ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了中國的傳統(tǒng)文化藝術(shù)之一——年畫的用途、起源和分類。 1．known　考查非謂語動詞。分句間無連詞且已有謂語動詞are，故此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞。be known as “作為……而知名”，故填known，為過去分詞在句中作狀語。 2．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。年畫是中國民間文化中的一種獨特的藝術(shù)形式。此處表示泛指，故填不定冠詞，且unique的發(fā)音不是以元音音素開頭的，故用a。 3．mostly 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。因為它們通常都在春節(jié)期間被張貼，作為裝飾畫。修飾謂語動詞用副詞。mostly “通常，多半，大部 分”。 4．for 考查介詞。此處表示目的，故用介詞for。 5．a(chǎn)ppeared 考查動詞的時態(tài)。年畫大約起源于唐代，表示過去發(fā)生的動作，故使用一般過去時。 6．featuring 考查非謂語動詞。此處表述代替先前的以神為特色的門畫。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作定語修飾door pictures。door pictures與feature之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故填動詞的－ing形式作定語，feature在此是動詞，意為“以……為特色”。 7．diverse 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。本句為系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作表語應(yīng)用形容詞。diverse “多種多樣的”。 8．when 考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。年畫在明清時期走向成熟，達(dá)到鼎盛。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，且從句中缺少時間狀語，故填when。 9．methods 考查名詞的數(shù)。從后文可知，年畫的制作工藝有很多種，故填method的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 10．a(chǎn)re 考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。木版年畫最為盛行，也最有趣。由主語paintings可知，謂語動詞應(yīng)使用復(fù)數(shù)。且此處是對客觀情況的陳述，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。 ***完形填空。 I was driving to the grocery store on a warm morning in May.I smiled as I watched the golden sunshine __1__ off the leaves.It was such a __2__ and heavenly time. My calm was broken，__3__，as I rounded a curve(拐彎處)．A huge UHaul truck was ing my way several feet over the center line.I swerved as far onto the side of the road as I could to __4__ it.It was followed by not one but two other UHaul trucks just as __5__.I wondered if all the stuff inside of them __6__ the same person.I slowed down my car and waited for my heart rate to __7__.It was then that I __8__ a selfstorage business along the side of the highway，building new units for all the people who couldnt fit their __9__ into their houses.I saw a(n)__10__ couple carrying boxes into one of the units.It seemed __11__ that a couple just out of their teens could already have too much stuff. I lost my own __12__ for owning stuff when a house fire in the middle of the night destroyed everything my family owned.The only thing I had left was the underwear I was wearing.Yet，our whole family had awakened __13__ to escape.In the weeks that followed friends and family gave us a lot of stuff to get us back on our feet，but none of it seemed as __14__ any more.What was important was seeing Moms smile，giving Nana a hug and a kiss，and watching Dad snooze(打盹) in his chair __15__ a hard days work.What was important was the stuff of __16__，not the stuff of this world.Since then I have tried to limit the things I would __17__.I didnt want too much stuff to __18__ my life.I wanted to only buy what I needed and to spend my days in learning，growing，and __19__ my family and others. I assumed that only by doing so could I make my __20__. 1．A.appreciating　　　B．reflecting C．a(chǎn)dmiring D．releasing 2．A.refreshing B．delightful C．peaceful D．dynamic 3．A.though B．too C．a(chǎn)nyway D．instead 4．A.miss B．reject C．ignore D．desert 5．A.useful B．large C．new D．good 6．A.turned to B．referred to C．reacted to D．belonged to 7．A.beat B．pulse C．a(chǎn)ccelerate D．follow 8．A.noticed B．thought C．did D．established 9．A.furniture B．boxes C．possessions D．materials 10．A.old B．young C．middleaged D．small 11．A.curious B．a(chǎn)pparent C．certain D．obvious 12．A.hope B．talent C．faith D．taste 13．A.in return B．in turn C．in time D．in vain 14．A.affordable B．significant C．beneficial D．practical 15．A.before B．in C．a(chǎn)fter D．during 16．A.mind B．hand C．head D．soul 17．A.purchase B．donate C．waste D．need 18．A.put up B．crowd up C．bring up D．set up 19．A.helping B．a(chǎn)busing C．loving D．a(chǎn)ffecting 20．A.name B．day C．world D．way 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過講述駕車途中的所見所感，并聯(lián)想到自己家中曾經(jīng)的火災(zāi)事件對他自身觀念的影響，由此闡述了自己的感受：世上最重要的東西不是物質(zhì)占有量，而在于精神世界的豐富，只有這樣人才能感到快樂。 1．B　根據(jù)“the golden sunshine __1__ off the leaves”可知，此處意為“樹葉反射出金色的陽光”。reflect“反射”符合語境。appreciate“感激，欣賞”；admire“欽佩，贊賞”；release“釋放，發(fā)行”。 2．C　根據(jù)空前一句中的“smiled”和空后的“heavenly”及下文中的“calm”可知，作者當(dāng)時的心情是平靜愉快的，故peaceful符合語境。refreshing“使人精力充沛的”；delightful“討人喜歡的，令人愉快的”；peaceful“平靜的，寧靜的”；dynamic“動力的，有活力的”。 3．A　根據(jù)空前的“My calm was broken”可知，空處所在句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故though“可是，不過”符合語境。too“太，也”；anyway“不管怎樣，無論如何”；instead“相反”。 4．A　根據(jù)空前一句中的“truck was ing my way several feet over the center line”可知，作者盡量把車子往路邊開來躲開卡車。miss“避開，躲開(不好或討厭的事)”；reject“排斥，丟掉”；ignore“忽視，不理睬”；desert“遺棄，丟棄”。 5．B　根據(jù)上文可知，一輛卡車越過了中心線幾英尺向作者的方向駛來，結(jié)合語境可知，這輛大卡車后還跟著另外兩輛同樣大的(large)卡車，故選B。 6．D　根據(jù)語境可知，作者不知道三輛卡車上的東西是否屬于(belonged to)同一個人。belong to“屬于”；turn to“轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于”；refer to“參考，提到”；react to“對……作出反應(yīng)”。 7．D　根據(jù)語境可知，作者放慢車速來平靜心情調(diào)整心率。故follow“跟隨，追趕”符合語境。beat“打敗，拍打”；pulse“跳動，搏動”；accelerate“加速，增加”。 8．A　該句中的It was then that是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，意思是“就在那時”。作者在平靜心情時注意到路旁的一個自助存儲公司。notice“注意到”；establish“建立，創(chuàng)辦”。 9．C　根據(jù)語境可知，這些設(shè)備是為那些無法把所有物(possessions)存儲到自己的房子里的人而建的。possession“所有物，財產(chǎn)”符合語境。furniture“家具，設(shè)備”；material“材料”。 10．B　根據(jù)空后一句中的“a couple just out of their teens”可知，此處young“年輕的”符合語境。middleaged“中年的”。 11．A　根據(jù)該句中的“could already have too much stuff(可能已經(jīng)擁有太多的東西)”可知，作者對此感到奇怪，故curious“稀奇古怪的”符合語境。apparent“顯然的，表面上的”；certain“必然的，有把握的”；obvious“明顯的，顯然的”。 12．D　根據(jù)語境可知，夜半時分一場大火燒毀了作者家中的一切，因此作者不再有擁有(很多)東西的興趣(taste)。taste“愛好，興趣”符合語境。hope“希望”； talent“才能，天資”；faith“信仰，信念”。 13．C　根據(jù)空前的“had awakened”和空后的“escape”可知，作者全家及時(in time)醒來逃了出去。in return“作為回報”；in turn“反過來，輪流”；in vain“徒勞”。 14．B　根據(jù)空后的“What was important was”和空前的“none of it”可知，空處所填詞與important意思相同，故significant“重要的，有意義的”符合語境。affordable“買得起的”；beneficial“有益的”；practical“實用的”。 15．C　根據(jù)生活常識可知，父親打盹應(yīng)該是在一天的艱辛工作之后(after)。 16．D　根據(jù)空前的“What was important was the stuff of”及空后的“not the stuff of this world”可知，空處所填詞與“this world”形成對比，再結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，作者認(rèn)為精神世界的豐富更為重要。soul“(人類整體的)精神狀況”符合語境。mind“頭腦，智力”。 17．A　根據(jù)上文中的“not the stuff of this world”可知，作者從此努力限制自己購買(purchase)東西的數(shù)量。下文中的“buy”亦是提示，故選A。donate“捐贈”；waste“浪費(fèi)”；need“需要”。 18．B　根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示作者不想讓太多的物品充斥自己的生活。故crowd up符合語境。put up“張貼，搭建”；bring up“撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育，提出”；set up“建立”。 19．C　根據(jù)空后的“my family and others”可以推斷此處意為“愛我的家人和他人”，故選C。abuse“濫用”；affect“影響”。 20．B　根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示只有這樣做作者才能開心。make sb.s day為固定用法，意為“使某人非常高興”。 ***短文改錯。 Dear Tom， Im Li Hua, a student of Rongguang Middle School. I learned quite by chance what you needed a book to improve your Chinese. I happen to have it, which I think might help you. The book, entitle New Practical Chinese, is intended for beginners at your level. Not only it include the basic conversations in our daily life, but it is also the window through which you can get to know Chinese culture and customs. Edited by three language experts, it is wide used by many foreign learner. If it is convenient for you, lets meet at the entrance to Jiangnan Park at 3 pm on this Sunday. If so, try to find other time that is suitable for both of us. Yours， Li Hua 答案： Dear Tom， Im Li Hua, a student of Rongguang Middle School. I learned quite by chance you needed a book to improve your Chinese. I happen to have ， which I think might help you. The book, New Practical Chinese, is intended for beginners at your level. Not only it include the basic conversations in our daily life, but it is also window through which you can get to know Chinese culture and customs. Edited by three language experts, it is used by many foreign . If it is convenient for you, lets meet at the entrance to Jiangnan Park at 3 pm this Sunday. If ， try to find time that is suitable for both of us. Yours， Li Hua 難項分析： 第一處：what→that考查名詞性從句的連接詞。賓語從句成分和意義完整，故用that引導(dǎo)。 第二處：it→one考查代詞。此處指代前文提到的a book，表示泛指概念，屬同類指代，因此用one；it指同一個物品。 第四處：only后加does考查倒裝句。not only放在句首時，其后分句使用部分倒裝。文章基本時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，故需要not only后添加助動詞does構(gòu)成部分倒裝。 ***