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Unit 1 Friendship 一、閱讀理解。 Golden Gate Bridge Located in San Francisco，the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County.It was finally thrown open to public in 1937.It cost more than$35 million in the construction.Till the year 1957，the Golden Gate Bridge，at a length of 2,737 meters, was the longest suspension bridge in the world. Brooklyn Bridge The Brooklyn Bridge is located in Brooklyn.It is one of the oldest bridges in the United States，opened in the year 1883.The length of the bridge is 1,825 meters.The bridge has been featured in several Hollywood movies. George Washington Bridge Also known as the Hudson River Bridge，the George Washington Bridge which connects Fort Lee to Manhattan came into use in 1931 after a construction period of almost 4 years.It is a twolevel suspension bridge. Mackinac Bridge This is the third biggest suspension bridge in the world at a length of 8,038 meters.The architect of this bridge was Dr.David B．Steinman who directed the construction of the bridge which started in the year 1954 and opened to the public in 1957.People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money. Navajo Bridge Located in Arizona，this bridge crosses the Colorado River and is almost 250 meters long.The construction of this bridge started in the year 1927，ending two years later，costing $390,000.In the 1990s a second bridge was built which was opened to the public in 1995.The first bridge is still used by pedestrians now. 1．What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge? A．It consists of two bridges. B．It costs the least of the five bridges. C．It is the longest suspension bridge in the world. D．It takes about 4 years to plete the construction. 2．Which of the following bridges was built the earliest? A．Golden Gate Bridge. B．Brooklyn Bridge. C．George Washington Bridge. D．Navajo Bridge. 3．What will you do if you drive across Mackinac Bridge? A．Have to pay some money. B．Use the second bridge. C．Cover nearly 250 meters. D．See the statue of Dr.David B．Steinman. 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了美國(guó)五座著名的大橋。 1．D　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County.It was finally thrown open to public in 1937”可推知，金門大橋的建筑時(shí)間約有四年，故D項(xiàng)正確。 2．B　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“was built the earliest”定位到每座大橋的建筑時(shí)間；根據(jù)文中各座大橋的建筑時(shí)間可知，布魯克林大橋是最古老的大橋，故B項(xiàng)正確。 3．A　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段尾句“People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money”可知，使用麥基諾大橋的人會(huì)被收取一定量的錢，故A項(xiàng)正確。 二、單句語法填空 1．It was when I got back to my apartment ________I first came across my new neighbors. 答案：that　本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是時(shí)間狀語，故應(yīng)填that。 2．Lily cant fall asleep, extremely ________ (concern) about the result of her maths test. 答案：concerned　短語be concerned about ... “擔(dān)憂，掛念……”，本句中逗號(hào)后沒有連詞，故逗號(hào)后的部分為狀語，此處應(yīng)用形容詞短語作伴隨狀語。 3．Its no pleasure ________ (go) camping on such a foggy day. 答案：going　Its no pleasure doing sth. “做某事沒有樂趣”。 4．The little boy is clever enough to have no trouble ________ (find) his house without others help. 答案：finding　have no trouble doing sth. “做某事沒困難”。 5．There was no ________ (agree), and the proposal was accepted. 答案：disagreement　由形容詞no可知，本空應(yīng)填名詞，再由后一分句“建議被接受了”可知，應(yīng)填名詞disagreement。 6．He happened ________ (know) the secret, so I neednt tell him. 答案：to have known　happen to do sth. “碰巧做某事”，再由后一并列分句“沒有必要告訴他”可知，前一分句謂語部分應(yīng)用不定式的完成式。 7．He set his alarm clock before going to bed in order ________ (get) up earlier than usual the next morning. 答案：to get　in order to do sth. “為了做某事”。 8．Several weeks had gone by ________ they knew the painting was missing. 答案：before　before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“在……以前”，從句常用一般過去時(shí)，主句用過去完成時(shí)。 9．While ________ (wait) for the bus by the roadside, I found a wallet on the ground. 答案：waiting　時(shí)間狀語從句的主語和主句主語一致，且從句謂語部分含有be動(dòng)詞，故從句中省略主語和be動(dòng)詞，填waiting。while waiting可看作是while I was waiting的省略。 10．The windows havent been cleaned for at least a year and are ________ (dust) now. 答案：dusty　dusty “臟的，布滿塵土的”，是形容詞，在此處作表語。 三、完形填空。 A homeless man walked up to me and asked me for some small change, “ I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story,” I said. He laughed, “You’ll give me a quarter for my story?’ I laid the 1 in front of him and 2 myself —“No, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.” Seeing him lost in 3 , I sat down next to him and waited. “ I was once a sniper(狙擊手)in the army.” he said. “ I was 4 to shoot down the enemy from the distance.” I listened attentively as he 5 his story. He told me how he 6 to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own 7 to respecting animals by not killing more than be needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt 8 and joined up. All those years of developing his hunting skills could now serve a larger 9 —to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to 10 at the front. “ I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone.” he continued. “One day they asked me to 11 a lady from the distance. I saw the kids near her and my hands were on the trigger(扳機(jī)). But I couldn’t 12 it. She wasn’t doing anything to anyone and she was 13 the kids—I couldn’t see through my tears. It just didn’t make any 14 to me. ” The story went on as he described 15 being put into prison for 180 days for 16 to follow orders. “ I have no 17 ,” he said. “ I may be homeless now, 18 I never killed that lady.” He continued, “ I can live with being homeless, but I wouldn’t be able to stand killing 19 people.” On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never 20 to me that a hero could be a smelly old sniper. 語篇解讀：本文介紹了一位曾在部隊(duì)服役的狙擊手的故事。狙擊手在一次戰(zhàn)斗中因?yàn)榫芙^執(zhí)行槍殺一位帶著孩子的婦女的命令，被判處180天監(jiān)禁。出獄后卻找不到工作，淪為街頭乞丐。但是他卻一直不后悔自己的行為。他是一位真正的英雄。 1.A. note B. coin C. dollar D. wallet 【答案】B 2.A. blamed B. remended C. corrected D. rescued 【答案】C 【解析】A. blamed責(zé)備；B. remend推薦；C. corrected改正，糾正；D. rescued營(yíng)救，援救。此處指作者意識(shí)到自己做錯(cuò)了(指把錢放在那個(gè)無家可歸的人的前面的地上)，就趕緊改正(從下文所說的話，作者是把錢遞給了那個(gè)無家可歸的人)。 3.A. argument B. action C. consideration D. thought 【答案】D 【解析】A. argument爭(zhēng)論；B. action行動(dòng)；C. consideration考慮；D. thought想法。lost in thought“陷入沉思”。 4.A. observed B. supposed C. reminded D. determined 【答案】B 【解析】A. observed觀察； B. supposed假定；C. reminded 提醒，使想起；D. determined決定。be supposed to應(yīng)該，被期望。此處指“期望我能從遠(yuǎn)處開槍擊倒敵人”。 5.A. expanded on B. checked on C. counted on D. fixed on 【答案】A 【解析】A. expanded on詳細(xì)闡述，進(jìn)一步闡述；B. checked on檢查，調(diào)查；C. counted on指望，依靠，依賴；D. fixed on確定，決定。這兒是說“詳細(xì)闡述他的故事，即展開他的故事”。 6.A. desired B. wished C. failed D. used 【答案】D 【解析】A. desired渴望；B. wished希望；C. failed失??；D. used使用。此處狙擊手講過去的事，used to過去常常。 7. A. method B. means C. way D. approach 【答案】D 8.A. annoyed B. honored C. astonished D. confused 【答案】B 【解析】A. annoyed煩惱的；B. honored光榮的；C. astonished吃驚的；D. confused困惑的。上文說“部隊(duì)來征兵時(shí)(the army came knocking on his door轉(zhuǎn)義為部隊(duì)來征兵)”，說明他想?yún)④?，感到參軍很光榮，所以就入伍了。 9.A. group B. business C. purpose D. result 【答案】C 【解析】A. group組；B. business商業(yè)；C. purpose目的；D. result結(jié)果。此處指多年的軍隊(duì)練習(xí)使他能實(shí)現(xiàn)更大的目的，保護(hù)人民。 10.A. serve B. hunt C. aim D. survive 【答案】A 【解析】A. serve服務(wù)；B. hunt打獵；C. aim 目的在于； D. survive生存。此處指他去前線服役，為國(guó)服務(wù)。 11.A. murder B. fight C. shoot D. recognize 【答案】C 【解析】A. murder謀殺；B. fight打仗；C. shoot射殺；D. recognize認(rèn)出。此處指：開槍射殺一位女士。 12.A. remain B. fire C. make D. decide 【答案】C 【解析】A. remain保持；B. fire點(diǎn)燃；C. make it做成，成功；D. decide決定。此處指狙擊手想到這位女士是無辜的，所以就沒下手，沒做成。故選C. 13.A. besides B. along C. inside D. among 【答案】D 【解析】A. besides除……外；B. along沿著；C. inside在……內(nèi)；D. among在……中間。此處指這位女 士在孩子們中間。 14. A. use B. reason C. value D. sense 【答案】D 【解析】make sense 意為“有意義”、“意思清楚”、“有道理”。此處指“射殺那位女士對(duì)我來說沒有任何 意義”。 15.A. gradually B. eventually C. deliberately D. desperately 【答案】B 【解析】A. gradually逐漸地；B. eventually 最后；C. deliberately故意地；D. desperately拼命地。此處指 最后他被判處180天監(jiān)禁。 16.A. managing B. failing C. hesitating D. forgetting 【答案】B 【解析】A. managing管理；B. failing失敗(fail to do sth.沒有能夠做某事)；C. hesitating猶豫；D. forgetting 忘記。此處講他被判處180天監(jiān)禁的原因是他沒有服從命令。 17.A. ideas B. attempts C. regrets D. feelings 【答案】C 18.A. however B. rather than C. but D. contrary to 【答案】C 【解析】A. however然而，B. rather than而不是；C. but 但是；D. contrary to和……相反。前句為我現(xiàn)在無家可歸，后句為我沒殺害無辜者。上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故but。however表示讓步關(guān)系。 19. A. considerable B. considerate C. innocent D. ignorant 【答案】C 【解析】A. considerable相當(dāng)大(或多)的；B. considerate體貼的，體諒的，深思熟慮的；C. innocent無辜的；D. ignorant無知的。這里是說：我可以忍受無家可歸，但我不能忍受殺害無辜者。 20.A. happened B. seemed C. attached D. occurred 【答案】D 【解析】occur to sb.某人……突然想到。這里是說：我從沒想到一個(gè)又老又臟的狙擊手竟然是個(gè)英雄。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．He spoke calm to them trying to pour oil on troubled waters but it was useless. ________________________________________________________ 答案：calm→calmly　副詞calmly “鎮(zhèn)靜地”修飾動(dòng)詞短語spoke to。 2．There was a time that the two countries were at war. ________________________________________________________ 答案：that→when　There was a time when ... 是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“曾經(jīng)/一度/有一段時(shí)間……”。 3．Exact speaking, I disagree with you on this matter. ________________________________________________________ 答案：Exact→Exactly　exactly speaking 為固定搭配，意為“確切地說”。 4．He said that he had fallen in love with Mary for two years and would get married the next year. ________________________________________________________ 答案：fallen→been　be in love with可與時(shí)間段連用，fall in love with 表示瞬時(shí)動(dòng)作，不可以與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用。 5．I have never heard of the names you added up to the list. ________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉up　add to “添加”，add up to “合計(jì)為”。根據(jù)句意去掉up。 五、七選五 How to Be More Creative Every Day Creativity isn’t something you either have or don’t have. In fact， it is something like playing the saxophone. 1.___________ So read on to know how. Be more curious. It’s important to seek out new viewpoints every day. 2.___________　 To involve this in your daily life， make sure to keep an open mind when you’re presented with an idea， and be curious as to what else is around the corner. Give yourself space. Letting every piece of information into your brain drags you from being creative. Try to apply a level of space into your everyday life. 3.___________　 It helps to lead your thinking patterns away from potential distractions（使人分心的事物）， leaving much room to have creative ideas. Try something new. Frequent thinking patterns， in effect， cause you to be more likely to think the same things or make the same decisions over and over unless you get out of your fort zone. 4.___________　 Though not always easy， it does open up a whole new world of thinking！ 5.___________　 Social media has created an environment where we’re constantly shown whether we’ve succeeded in the form of likes or ments， which leads us to doubt ourselves. However， creativity is a journey， and you’re learning every step of the way. Honestly， you’ll learn much more from that than a straight win anyway. So be confident and tell yourself you have already done well enough. A.Learn from failure. B.Remind yourself you’re good enough. C.The 8 p.m.－8 a.m. phone ban is a great way to begin. D.Getting physical really helps to sort out your brain space. E.But it’s not easy to feel or be automatically creative either. F.Thus you can think and approach things from another angle. G.Using your skills in a different area is a great way to think outside the box. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文介紹了幾種如何使自己變得更有創(chuàng)造力的方法。 1.E　解析：上文提到它有點(diǎn)像吹奏薩克斯，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該介紹如何像薩克斯，主語應(yīng)該與上文一致，但意義上轉(zhuǎn)折，以便引出下文的建議。故選E項(xiàng)。 2.F　解析：本段主題是更好奇。設(shè)空前提到每天尋找新的觀點(diǎn)很重要，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)（這樣你可以從不同的角度思考和處理問題）與上文一致，也與下文的to keep an open mind相照應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)。 3.C　解析：本段主題是給自己空間。本段第一句提到進(jìn)入大腦的每一條信息都會(huì)阻礙你的創(chuàng)造性，并建議每天給自己留一定空間?？崭窈筇岢觯@有助于讓你的思維模式遠(yuǎn)離潛在的干擾，給創(chuàng)造性的思維留下更多的空間。C項(xiàng)（晚8點(diǎn)到早8點(diǎn)的手機(jī)禁令就是一個(gè)好的開始方式）符合上下文語境。故選C項(xiàng)。 4.G　解析：本段主題是嘗試新事物。G項(xiàng)（在不同的領(lǐng)域使用你的技能是跳出框架思考的一個(gè)好方法）與主題一致。故選G項(xiàng)。 5.B　解析：本題考查段落主題。本段第一句提出在社交媒體上，我們成功與否常常會(huì)以喜歡或評(píng)論的方式呈現(xiàn)出來，這讓我們總是懷疑自己。其中的關(guān)鍵詞doubt表明一種不自信，再結(jié)合最后一句可知，本段的主題是要讓自己自信。故選B項(xiàng)。