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Sporting events 一、閱讀理解。 Best panies Shine United(Madison，Wisconsin) In the past five years，this Wisconsinbased advertising agency has shared more than$500,000 in profits with its employees through the panys ShineShares program.The agency partnered with the University of Wisconsins oncology department to develop the Ride，a biking event that benefits cancer research.Employees also get snacks every day，“Beer Thirty”on Thursdays，and Summer Fridays，a program that lets employees leave at noon. GroundFloor Media(Denver，Colorado) The key for workers at this midsize public relations firm in Denver is that employees work anytime，anywhere.Headquarters are in a former warehouse downtown，near Coors Field.The offices are spread around the central space that doubles as a wet bar every Thursday when the panys “beer club” brings in a new brew. Ergodyne(St.Paul，Minnesota) The St.Paulbased pany has grown to operate out of a retired storehouse with plenty of natural light.Rules about dressing？“Wear something.” Its purpose? To create cool，fortable, and tough safety workwear for those who need it to get the job done.Ergodyne has around 50 employees, who enjoy hotdish cookoffs, tickets to sporting events, and at least one happy hour every quarter. Southwest Michigan First(Kalamazoo，Michigan) Its family first at this Michigan economic development advising agency.CEO Ron Kitchens says that in the past year，the pany has made a push to go green，initially started by the millennial employees who make up half the agencys workforce.A new staff position was created for the purpose of making sure every employee is able to balance working and cheering at their kids sporting events or going fishing. 1．Whats the purpose of the ShineShares program? A．To raise money for a research. B．To let employees leave earlier. C．To share the panys benefits. D．To partner with a local university. 2．What does Southwest Michigan First encourage their employees to do? A．To acpany their families. B．To create new staff positions. C．To join in cooking petitions. D．To enjoy themselves in sporting events. 3．Which pany allows its staff a flexible working time? A．Shine United. B．GroundFloor Media. C．Southwest Michigan First. D．Ergodyne. 4．What can we know about the panies mentioned in the text? A．They offer employees financial support. B．They care about employees happiness. C．They have strict rules about dressing. D．They have training programs. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇廣告類(lèi)應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了四個(gè)最好的公司。它們有的和員工分享利潤(rùn)并給員工提供零食和啤酒，有的鼓勵(lì)員工陪伴家人，有的允許員工在任何時(shí)候任何地點(diǎn)工作，有的允許員工穿著隨意的衣服。 【難句分析】The key for workers at this midsize public relations firm in Denver is that employees work anytime，anywhere. 分析：該句為主從復(fù)合句。句中that employees work anytime，anywhere為that 引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。 譯文：?jiǎn)T工在這家位于丹佛的中等規(guī)模的公關(guān)公司工作的關(guān)鍵是員工可以在任何時(shí)間任何地點(diǎn)工作。 1．C　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段第一句“In the past five years，this Wisconsinbased advertising agency has shared more than $500,000 in profits with its employees through the panys ShineShares program”可知，在過(guò)去的五年時(shí)間里，這家位于威斯康星州的廣告代理公司通過(guò)ShineShares項(xiàng)目和公司員工分享了五十萬(wàn)美元的利潤(rùn)；據(jù)此可知，ShineShares項(xiàng)目的目的在于和員工分享利潤(rùn)，故C項(xiàng)正確。 2．A　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段第一句的“Its family first”和最后一句“A new staff position was created for the purpose of making sure every employee is able to balance working and cheering at their kids sporting events or going fishing”可知，該公司創(chuàng)立了新的職位，目的是保證每個(gè)員工能平衡工作和在孩子的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)中加油或釣魚(yú)的安排；據(jù)此可以判斷，該公司鼓勵(lì)員工陪伴家人，故A項(xiàng)正確。 3．B　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第一句“The key for workers at this midsize public relations firm in Denver is that employees work anytime, anywhere”可知，在該中等規(guī)模的公關(guān)公司工作的重點(diǎn)是員工可以在任何時(shí)間任何地點(diǎn)工作；據(jù)此可知，GroundFloor Media公司允許員工有彈性的工作時(shí)間，故B項(xiàng)正確。 44．B　考查推理判斷。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了四個(gè)通過(guò)自己的政策為員工謀幸福的公司：Shine United公司與員工分享利潤(rùn)，為員工提供零食；GroundFloor Media公司允許員工有彈性的工作時(shí)間；Ergodyne公司允許員工任意穿著以創(chuàng)造輕松安全的工作環(huán)境；Southwest Michigan First公司鼓勵(lì)員工陪伴家人。故B項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)第一段可知，Shine United通過(guò)ShineShares項(xiàng)目與員工分享利潤(rùn)，文中沒(méi)有提及其他公司有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)支持的信息，故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段可知，Ergodyne公司允許員工任意穿著以創(chuàng)造輕松安全的工作環(huán)境，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)文中沒(méi)有提及。 二、單項(xiàng)選擇。 1.He didn’t make _______ clear when and where the meeting would be held. A. this B. that C. it D. 不填 【答案】C 2.With the increasing unemployment rate, workers who are 50 to 60 years old are usually the first _______. A. laid off B. to lay off C. laying off D. to be laid off 【答案】D 【解析】the first to do的結(jié)構(gòu)。被解雇，用被動(dòng)式to be laid off。句意：隨著失業(yè)率的上升，五六十歲的工人經(jīng)常是最早的一批被解雇的。 3.There is plenty of food, water and sunshine, and our friends are living there, _______. A. warm and fortable B. warmly and fortably C. warm and fortably D. warmly and fortable 【答案】A 【解析】句意：那里有充足的食物、水和陽(yáng)光，我們的朋友住在那里，無(wú)比溫暖和舒適。形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨情況。 4.—I can’t think why he _______ so angry. I meant no offence. —It’s typical of him to be sensitive. A. should have been B. must have been C. might have been D. can have been 【答案】A 【解析】should have been本應(yīng)該；must have been表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè)，譯成“一定做過(guò)某事”；might have been表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的推測(cè)，可能性更小。多用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)中。can have been表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的懷疑，用于疑問(wèn)句，譯成“可能做過(guò)……嗎？。句意：“我認(rèn)為他本不該這么生氣，我并沒(méi)有冒犯的意思。”“他是個(gè)典型敏感的人?！贝颂幹肝艺J(rèn)為他不該生氣，結(jié)果他生氣了。用“本不該”。注意“I can’t think”否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。 5.—It is reported that Papiss Cisse and Jonny Evans were charged with spitting by the Football Association. —I think spitting is one of the most disgusting things that _______ happen in the game, but yet it is not the worst. A. must B. shall C. should D. can 【答案】D 【解析】can在這里意為“有時(shí)會(huì)”，表示常有的行為和情形。句意：我認(rèn)為隨地吐痰是比賽中可能發(fā)生的最?lèi)盒牡氖虑橹?，但還不是最糟糕的事情。 6.“He _______ lived well on his good looks, but instead he chose to thrive(成功)on his talent.” People praised Ning Zetao like this. A. should have B. must have C. might have D. could have 【答案】D 7.—How is the smog control going on in our capital city? —It couldn’t be worse. You _______ believe Beijing upgraded the smog alert from yellow to orange and then red again yesterday. A. won’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 【答案】A 【解析】won’t在這里意為“不會(huì)”，符合語(yǔ)境。句意：你可能不會(huì)相信，北京霧霾昨天從黃色警報(bào)上升到橙色警報(bào)，然后又到紅色警報(bào)了。 8.His way of addressing one hard problem last Friday _______ lead to the rise of another. A. would rather B. may well C. shall D. need 【答案】B 【解析】may well意為“很可能”，符合句意。句意：他上周五解決的一個(gè)難題的方法很可能會(huì)引發(fā)另一個(gè)難題。 9.—Did you attend the meeting for the experiment project yesterday? —Yes, but I don’t think I _______ because my director was there. A. need have B. needed to C. need to have D. need to 【答案】A 【解析】I don’t think I need have(attended)....要注意否定的轉(zhuǎn)移，意為“過(guò)去本不必做某事，但是卻做了”，符合題意。句意：我去參加昨天的會(huì)議了，但是我認(rèn)為我本不需要去的，因?yàn)槲覀兊膹S長(zhǎng)也在那。 10.—It was such a difficult examination that a lot of students were unable to finish it on time. —That’s the case. Its hard to accept the fact that over 90% of my classmates _______. A. should fail B. should have failed C. will fail D. may fail 【答案】B 11.Ms. Dicks said the organization wants to reach out to women who otherwise _______ studying IT-related subjects. A. would have avoided B. would avoid C. avoided D. avoid 【答案】B 【解析】由句中的otherwise“否則，要不然”可知，此處是一個(gè)含蓄條件句，且由句中的“wants”可知，此處是對(duì)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況的虛擬，故用would do結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：Dicks女士說(shuō)該組織想向女性伸出援手，要不然她們就不會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)與IT相關(guān)的科目。 12.Many plants could _______ northward and toward the Pacific coast in reaction torising temperatures and changes in rainfall. A. remove B. form C. resist D. move 【答案】D 【解析】move運(yùn)動(dòng)，移動(dòng)。句意：許多植物可以向北移到太平洋沿岸，以應(yīng)對(duì)溫度的上升和降水的變化。 13.We are now enjoying the cool air in the room. _______, the farmers are harvesting crops in the hot sun . A. Therefore B. Besides C. As a result D. In the meanwhile 【答案】D 【解析】題中前后兩句表達(dá)不同的意思，沒(méi)有因果關(guān)系，故可排除 A 和 C 項(xiàng)。第二句話也不是對(duì)第一句話的補(bǔ)充，故可排除 B 項(xiàng)。in the meantime與此同時(shí)，符合題意。句意：我們現(xiàn)在正在享受房間里面的涼爽的空氣，與此同時(shí)，農(nóng)民們正在炎熱的太陽(yáng)下收獲莊稼。 14.—I guess I must leave now. See you tomorrow. —_______! I have some important information for you. A. Hang on B. Never mind C. All right D. Take care 【答案】A 【解析】句意：“我想我得走了。明天見(jiàn)?！薄暗纫幌拢矣兄匾氖乱嬖V你。”hang on稍等，不掛斷，符合句意。 15._______ it is a good thing I didn’t get the post I had applied for, though I must admit that I was disappointed at the time. A. By the way B. In a way C. In the way D. In no way 【答案】B 【解析】in a way在某種程度上；in no way決不；by the way順便提一下；in the way礙事。句意：我沒(méi)有得到我申請(qǐng)的工作，在某種程度上說(shuō)是件好事，盡管我承認(rèn)當(dāng)時(shí)我很失望。 三、完形填空。 In a world where parisons happen non-stop, it is difficult to look outside yourself and to ever be 　1　with who you are. There’s always someone who’s a bit 　2　. The only solution is to reach 　3　 and measure against what Warren Buffett calls your own inner yardstick. There is no more 　4　 measure for parison than who you were yesterday, last week or last decade, when you were at your　5　. Nothing useful ever es from parison to others. 　6　you see yourself as better than someone and you get　7　, or you see someone else as better than you and you feel like all your hard work is for　8　. It is a fool’s game. Not one of us is 　9　 alike. The only direct and honest parison is 　10　 yourself. Everything else is apples to oranges. My opinion is that you are only 　11　 to pare yourself to someone else if their life 　12　 is the same as your own. Good luck finding that match. And one thing is for sure. No matter how hard you work and how 　13　 you are, there will always be someone who can run a little faster, jump a little higher, score a little better or look a little nicer in a swimsuit. And if there’s not, you can 　14　 someone is ing up fast behind you. So how can you always win in life? Bee your best 　15　. Having an image of your most recent past limits is the perfect thing to　16　 you to the next level. If you ran 7 flights of stairs yesterday, then do 8 today. Who 　17　 if the guy next to you did 15? It doesn’t make a bit of　18　. You are a more fit person today than you were yesterday. Your own 　19　 is all you need. If you 　20　 to a slightly higher standard of yourself every day, you will always be at the top of your game. 【文章大意】這是一篇議論文。我們總是拿自己與別人進(jìn)行比較, 這樣一來(lái)就會(huì)使自己總不滿(mǎn)意, 而正確辦法是拿自己的現(xiàn)在與自己的過(guò)去進(jìn)行比較, 我們自己才是自己最好的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者。 1. A. patient　 B. strict　 C. content　 D. concerned 【解析】選C。從前面的句子: In a world where parisons happen non-stop, 可知現(xiàn)在到處都在比較, 很難有對(duì)自己滿(mǎn)意的。patient有耐心的; strict嚴(yán)格的; content滿(mǎn)意的; concerned關(guān)心的, 關(guān)注的。故選C。 2. A. stronger B. wiser C. lazier D. better 【解析】選D。根據(jù)上文在和別人比較的時(shí)候, 總是有人更好。better更好; stronger更強(qiáng); lazier更懶; wiser更聰明。故選D。 3. A. out B. up C. inside D. outside 【解析】選C。從后面的句子: measure against what Warren Buffett calls your own inner yardstick. 可知唯一的解決辦法是看自己的內(nèi)在, 和自己比。 4. A. accurate B. careful C. useful D. powerful 【解析】選A。沒(méi)有比和你昨天, 上星期, 十年前相比更準(zhǔn)確的比較了。accurate精確的; careful仔細(xì)的; useful有用的; powerful強(qiáng)大的, 有力的。故選A。 5. A. end B. best C. side D. convenience 【解析】選B。when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句, 修飾yesterday, last week or last decade, 說(shuō)明那時(shí)你是最好的。end結(jié)束; best 最高水平; side邊; convenience方便。故選B。 6. A. Whether B. If C. Once D. Either 【解析】選D。要么你認(rèn)為自己比別人好, 從而你變得懶惰, 要么你認(rèn)為別人比你好, 你覺(jué)得你的努力工作毫無(wú)意義。 7. A. lazy B. inspired C. busy D. satisfied 【解析】選A。從前面的句子: Either you see yourself as better than someone可知看見(jiàn)你比別人好, 你就會(huì)懶惰下來(lái)。lazy懶惰的; inspired受到激勵(lì)的; busy忙的; satisfied滿(mǎn)意的。故選A。 8. A. fun B. nothing C. sure D. success 【解析】選B。你看見(jiàn)別人比你好, 認(rèn)為自己的努力徒勞, for nothing“徒勞”。故選B。 9. A. really B. fully C. exactly D. actually 【解析】選C。沒(méi)有人是完全相同的。exactly修飾alike。故選C。 10. A. to B. by C. for D. within 【解析】選D。從前面的句子: The only solution is to reach inside and measure against what Warren Buffett calls your own inner yardstick. 可知唯一直接的, 誠(chéng)實(shí)的比較是和自己比較。故選D。 11. A. allowed B. suggested C. instructed D. directed 【解析】選A。我的意見(jiàn)是只是當(dāng)其他人的情況和你的一樣時(shí), 你才被允許和別人相比。allow允許; suggest建議; instruct指導(dǎo); direct指導(dǎo)。故選A。 12. A. position B. situation C. occasion D. acmodation 【解析】選B。這里指別人的生活情況。position位置; situation形勢(shì), 情況; occasion機(jī)會(huì), 場(chǎng)合; acmodation食宿。故選B。 13. A. diligent B. dedicated C. optimistic D. addicted 【解析】選B。無(wú)論你的工作多么努力, 多么用心, 總有一個(gè)人能跑得更快, 跳得更高, 成績(jī)更好, 或者穿著泳裝看起來(lái)更漂亮。diligent 勤勉的; dedicated專(zhuān)注的, 用心的; optimistic 樂(lè)觀的; addicted 上癮的, 沉迷的。故選B。 14. A. declare B. conclude C. announce D. bet 【解析】選D。declare宣稱(chēng); conclude下結(jié)論; announce宣布; bet打賭。you bet你可以確信, 確定。故選D。 15. A. assistant B. coach C. petitor D. teacher 【解析】選C。從前面的句子: So how can you always win in life? 可知這句話是成為自己最好的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者。assistant助手; coach教練; petitor競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者; teacher老師。故選C。 16. A. lead B. push C. expose D. cause 【解析】選B。看清你最近的極限是將你推向一個(gè)新的高度的極好的事情。lead 領(lǐng)導(dǎo); push推動(dòng); expose 暴露; cause 引起。 17. A. wonders B. says C. cares D. asks 【解析】選C。如果下一個(gè)人能爬15層樓梯誰(shuí)在乎? wonder奇怪, 想知道; say說(shuō)話; care關(guān)心, 在乎; ask問(wèn)。故選C。 18. A. difference B. sense C. change D. effort 【解析】選A。make a difference有影響。difference不同; sense感覺(jué); change改變; effort努力。故選A。 19. A. benefit B. result C. habit D. progress 【解析】選D。從前面的句子: You are a more fit person today than you were yesterday. 可知你的進(jìn)步是你所需要的。benefit利益; result結(jié)果; habit習(xí)慣; progress進(jìn)步。故選D。 20. A. mit B. devote C. tend D. contribute 【解析】選A。如果你致力于每天都提高自己一點(diǎn)點(diǎn), 那么你就會(huì)總是你自己的贏家。mit to 交付, 致力于; devote to 獻(xiàn)身于; tend to 傾向于, 趨向; contribute to 有助于, 貢獻(xiàn)。 四、七選五。 Courage is a personality quality that everyone possesses, but it sometimes fades because of bad experiences or memories. 1. ．By identifying the source of any lack of courage and actively changing your behavior, you can build courage. Determine your specific fears. People are often reluctant to admit that they are afraid of something and this may be weakening their confidence and courage. In order to begin building courage, you need to determine your specific fears.2. . This may help you to develop a plan to overe them and build your courage. Recognize your courage. Just as it’s important to identify your fears, you should also recognize that you also possess courage in many situations. 3. . It can help you to figure out how to apply this quality to situations in your life that cause timidity(膽怯). It can also help you to develop your behavior and begin building courage in every aspect of your life. Develop a concrete plan to build your courage. Once you’ve identified your specific fears and recognized situations where you exhibit courage, write out your plan to build your courage and update it when necessary. 4. ， for it helps you stay on track if you have setbacks and see your progress over time. Avoid paring yourself to others. Every person is different and paring yourself to other people can minimize your selfconfidence. Focusing on yourself and not paring yourself to others is essential to build your confidence and courage. 5． ．Two characteristics of courageous people are that they not only have confidence, but also believe in their ability to succeed and overe fears. By cultivating and projecting confidence in yourself, you set yourself on the path to build and maintain courage. A．Part of building your courage is taking risks B．Embrace the positive and avoid the negative C．Write a list of your fears as you figure them out D．Having a clear strategy you can follow is important E．Take the time to acknowledge that you are courageous F．Have confidence and believe in your ability to be courageous G．Having courage is necessary to succeed in many situations in life 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。告訴我們?nèi)绾螕碛杏職狻? 1．G　解析：上文提到由于不好的經(jīng)歷或記憶，一個(gè)人的勇氣有時(shí)會(huì)消減，但勇氣是每個(gè)人都擁有的性格特點(diǎn)，故此處應(yīng)承接上文繼續(xù)講述勇氣對(duì)每個(gè)人的重要性，故選G項(xiàng)。 2．C　解析：本段主題是確定你害怕的東西(fears)，且根據(jù)空前的“determine your specific fears”可知，C選項(xiàng)最合適。 3．E　解析：本段主題是要承認(rèn)自己的勇氣，E選項(xiàng)中的“acknowledge that you are courageous”意為“承認(rèn)你有勇氣”，故選E項(xiàng)。 4．D　解析：本段主題為制訂計(jì)劃，D項(xiàng)中的strategy意為“策略”，與下文的“it helps you stay on track”中的it相呼應(yīng)。 5．F　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“they not only have confidence，but also believe in their ability to succeed and overe fears”可知，本段討論信心，故選F項(xiàng)。