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Unit 2 English around the world 一、閱讀理解。 If you want a little extra security against thieves stealing your bicycle, designer Dennis Siegel has designed a solution. The RFID Bikealarm is attached to the seat on a bicycle and gives off an alarm when it senses movement. “The RFID Bikealarm is meant to be a useful add-on to mechanical bicycle locks because it greatly extends the range of protection with only a few ponents, ” Siegel explains on his website. “It is low-cost, durable and easy to use. ” The Bikealarm was designed as part of Siegel’s Bachelor’s degree thesis at the University of the Arts Bremen in Germany. The device will scare off any would-be thief the moment he begins to steal the bicycle to which it is attached. It is able to continuously sense the environment to distinguish between specific events, for instance a passing tram/car and a serious theft. Siegel created a working model of an alarm that would sound when it sensed movement, but wasn’t initially sure how it would be best attached to a bicycle. “I decided to mount it to the rails of the seat because it allows for fortable interaction and the position is less obvious as it looks like a small repair kit, ” he says. Siegel chose to use RFID technology rather than Bluetooth to keep the costs down. Siegel explains that the most difficult aspect of creating the alarm was to get the electronic circuit down to a small enough size. The device runs off a kind of battery that can be charged by USB within 2 hours and lasts for a few days with normal use. As the Bikealarm is only at development stage, Siegel hasn’t signed any agreements to put it on the market. 【文章大意】文章介紹了一種新型的防止自行車(chē)被盜的報(bào)警裝置。 1. When it senses movement, the RFID Bikealarm will ________. A. make a warning sound B. fasten the bicycle tightly C. shake the bicycle quickly D. call the police automatically 【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的gives off an alarm when it senses movement. 以及第四段中的Siegel created a working model of an alarm可知。 2. Which of the followings shows the right position of the RFID Bikealarm on a bicycle? 【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的The RFID Bikealarm is attached to the seat on a bicycle and gives off an alarm when it senses movement. 以及第四段中的I decided to mount it to the rails of the seat可知它應(yīng)該安裝在座子下面的橫梁上, 故選B。 3. What do we know about the RFID Bikealarm? A. It can’t tell between specific events. B. It is very difficult to use. C. It uses a kind of battery for power. D. It depends on Bluetooth technology. 【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的The device runs off a kind of battery that can be charged by USB within 2 hours可知該裝置的能量是由電池來(lái)提供的。故選C。 4. It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that ________. A. the electronic circuit is a little larger B. it’s very easy to make a Bikealarm C. it costs too much at present D. not many Bikealarms are produced 【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知Siegel還沒(méi)有把這種新的報(bào)警裝置推到市場(chǎng)。故選D。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．This tree looks tall and strong but ________ (actual) its trunk is hollow. 答案：actually　actually “事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上”。 2．Schools have rights to set down their own rules ________ (base) on the general conditions of the students. 答案：based　be based on “以……為基礎(chǔ)”，此處為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，因此填based。 3．The girl used to be shy, but is ________ (gradual) getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself. 答案：gradually　此處修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)get active in，故用副詞gradually “逐漸地”，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。 4．On seeing her new classmate, she came ________ and said with a smile, “Glad to meet you.” 答案：up　e up在本句中表示“走近”。 5．She was ________ worried than angry when her daughter didnt e home. 答案：more　more worried than angry “與其說(shuō)是生氣不如說(shuō)是擔(dān)心”。 6．Buses run ________ (frequent) from the city to the airport. 答案：frequently　此處修飾動(dòng)詞run，因此要用副詞形式frequently。 7．The request is that manuscripts (手稿) ________ (write) on one side only. 答案：(should) be written　request在這里是名詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面的表語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)，并且should可省略，此處表示被動(dòng)意義，故填(should) be written。 8．Sometimes it looks like people with great selfcontrol arent working hard—but thats ________ theyve made it automatic. 答案：because　thats because ... “那是因?yàn)椤薄? 9．There is no such thing ________ darkness; only a failure to see. 答案：as　句意：沒(méi)有黑暗這種東西，只有看不見(jiàn)而已。There is no such ... as ... “沒(méi)有像……的……”。 10．From his ________ (express), I knew he didnt want me to ask this question. 答案：expression　由空前代詞his可知應(yīng)填名詞，expression “表情；表達(dá)”。 三、完形填空。 Over the last 15 years, as a doctor, I have had heart-to-heart conversations with countless patients near the end of their lives. The most mon emotion they express is　1　. And that’s　2　I came up with a project to encourage people to write a　3　to their loved ones. It’s a lesson I learned years ago from a memorable　4　patient. He was a retired　5　with a cancer. Every day, his　6　spent many hours watching him watch television. She explained to me he had never been much of a　7　in their 50-plus years of marriage. But he seemed quite　8　to share his ideas with me, 　9　 when it became clear his days were　10　. He spoke of his deep regret for not having spent enough time with his wife, and of his great　11　in his son, who had joined the Navy in his father’s footsteps. One afternoon, when I mentioned these　12　to his wife and son, they looked disbelievingly at each other. They thanked me for being so kind but　13　my patient was unlikely to express such feelings. To make sure his family could hear his　14　, I took my video camera with me the next morning and with the patient’s　15　, recorded an open letter from him to his family. When I gave them the　16　letter, both his wife and son were moved to tears. The experience　17　my letter project, which can help people plete their life review tasks: apologizing to those we may have hurt; 　18　 those who have hurt us and saying “I love you”. It may take much courage to write a life review letter. For some people, it　19　deep and troubling emotions. 　20　 it may be the most important letter you will ever write. 【文章大意】 作為一名醫(yī)生, 因?yàn)榕c無(wú)數(shù)臨終的病人交談過(guò), 他們常表達(dá)出自己的遺憾。這激發(fā)了作者想讓人們給自己愛(ài)的人寫(xiě)一封信的想法, 以此表達(dá)對(duì)曾經(jīng)傷害過(guò)的人的歉意及原諒傷害過(guò)自己的人們。 1. A. gratitude　 B. regret　 C. apology　 D. affection 【解析】選 B。根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知在臨終之前表達(dá)的都是遺憾的心情。最后一段中有提示。gratitude感激; regret后悔, 遺憾; apology 道歉; affection情感。 2. A. because B. why C. when D. how 【解析】選B。從語(yǔ)境可看出那就是我為什么(why)提出這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。 3. A. note B. bill C. letter D. sentence 【解析】選C。通過(guò)語(yǔ)境可知病人臨終時(shí)常有遺憾, 因此作者通過(guò)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目來(lái)鼓勵(lì)人們寫(xiě)信給自己所愛(ài)的人。故選 letter。 4. A. dying B. weak C. unconscious D. silent 【解析】選A。從下文可知這是從一個(gè)將要去世的人身上學(xué)到的教訓(xùn)。因此選項(xiàng)dying符合題意。weak虛弱的; unconscious 無(wú)意識(shí)的; silent沉默的。 5. A. merchant B. worker C. official D. soldier 【解析】選D。從后文可知他當(dāng)過(guò)海軍, 因此是個(gè)士兵(soldier)。 6. A. family B. daughter 　C. son D. wife 【解析】選D。從下文中“in their 50-plus years of marriage. ”(在他們結(jié)婚的50多年里)可知是他的妻子(wife)。 7. A. husband B. lover C. talker D. panion 【解析】選C。上文說(shuō)他妻子每天都在看他看電視, (可知他是個(gè)不健談的人。)由此可推斷出她向我解釋說(shuō)在他們結(jié)婚的50多年里, 他不是個(gè)健談的人(talker)。 8. A. willing B. disturbing C. embarrassed D. delighted 【解析】選A。根據(jù)句意可知這個(gè)人不善言談卻愿意(willing)和“我”分享他的一些想法。disturbing煩擾的, 令人不安的; embarrassed局促不安的, 為難的, 尷尬的, 窘迫的; delighted高興的。 9. A. specially B. especially C. exactly D. gradually 【解析】選B。他看起來(lái)非常愿意和“我”分享他的想法, 尤其(especially)是他在世上的日子不多了的時(shí)候。 specially特別地, 專(zhuān)門(mén)地, 特意地, 格外地; especially尤其; exactly確切地; gradually慢慢地。 10. A. numbered B. died C. ended D. pleted 【解析】選A。從上文可知他是個(gè)癌癥患者, 所剩時(shí)日不多, 屈指可數(shù)。故用numbered。 11. A. satisfaction B. pride C. concern D. plaint 【解析】選B。他兒子以他為榜樣參加了海軍, 因此他以?xún)鹤訛榘?pride)。 satisfaction 滿意; concern關(guān)心; plaint抱怨; pride驕傲, 自豪。故選B。 12. A. ments B. decisions C. explanations D. promises 【解析】選A。當(dāng)我把他的話(即評(píng)論)對(duì)他的妻子和兒子說(shuō)時(shí), 他們難以置信。ment評(píng)論; decision決定; explanation解釋; promise承諾, 允諾。 13. A. denied B. disbelieved C. insisted D. realized 【解析】選C。從上文可知這個(gè)病人是個(gè)不善言談的人, 所以當(dāng)他兒子和妻子聽(tīng)到這樣的評(píng)論時(shí)難以相信, 因此他們才會(huì)感謝我并堅(jiān)持(insisted)他是不可能如此表達(dá)的。deny否認(rèn); disbelieve 難以相信; realize意識(shí)到, 知道, 實(shí)現(xiàn)。從上文可知C符合題意。 14. A. sorrow B. anxiety C. wish D. love 【解析】選D。從上文的內(nèi)容可知這個(gè)病人表達(dá)的是對(duì)家人的愛(ài)(love)。sorrow悲痛; anxiety 焦慮, 擔(dān)心; wish 愿望; love愛(ài)。 15. A. desire B. permission C. request D. assistance 【解析】選B。第二天我?guī)е鴶z像機(jī), 經(jīng)過(guò)病人的同意(permission)。 desire渴望; permission允許, 批準(zhǔn); request 請(qǐng)求; assistance幫助。從上下文可知是病人的允許。故選permission。 16. A. taped B. typed C. written D. unopened 【解析】選A。tape錄音; type打字; write 寫(xiě)作; unopen未打開(kāi)。 17. A. raised B. inspired C. proved D. weled 【解析】選B。根據(jù)下文可知這個(gè)項(xiàng)目能幫助人們彌補(bǔ)過(guò)去的憾事, 這事激勵(lì)了我。raise引起, 抱起, 提高(價(jià)格等), 養(yǎng)育, 籌集; inspire鼓舞, 激勵(lì), 賦予靈感, 啟迪; prove證明, 證實(shí); wele歡迎, 樂(lè)于接受。 18. A. acknowledging B. forgetting C. hurting D. forgiving 【解析】選D。向那些我們可能傷害過(guò)的人道歉; 原諒那些傷害過(guò)我們的人, 并說(shuō)“我愛(ài)你”。acknowledge承認(rèn), 感謝; forget忘記; hurt傷害; forgive原諒。通過(guò)上下文可知是原諒(forgive)那些傷害過(guò)我們的人, D符合題意。 19. A. calls for B. calls off C. calls in D. calls up 【解析】選D。它可能喚起人們內(nèi)心深處的煩惱情緒。call for要求, 需要, 提倡; call off放棄, 取消, 叫走; call in召集, 召來(lái), 收回; call up 打電話, 召集,使想起, 喚醒。故選D。 20. A. So B. For C. Yet D. Otherwise 【解析】選C。雖然能讓人們想起不好的情緒但卻是最重要的一封信。由此可知是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．Oil must be made full use to serve the people well. ________________________________________________________ 答案：use后加of　此處為make full use of ... 結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 2．After 25 years, she has changed without recognition. ________________________________________________________ 答案：without→beyond　beyond recognition “難以認(rèn)出”。 3．Try to tell what you think of Tom and of the way which the children treated him. ________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉which或which→that或which前加in　the way作先行詞，且在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其引導(dǎo)詞有三種形式：that/in which或省略。 4．Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because of she thought it was too hard. ________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉of　because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。because of后接名詞(短語(yǔ))、代詞或賓語(yǔ)從句。 5．The manager gave his mand that measures were taken immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing. ________________________________________________________ 答案：were→be　that引導(dǎo)的是同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明mand的具體內(nèi)容，其從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用 “should＋動(dòng)詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)，并且should可省略。