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Unit 1 Art 一、閱讀理解。 Life can be so wonderful, full of adventure and joy. It can also be full of challenges, setbacks(挫折) and heartbreaks. Whatever our circumstances, we generally still have dreams, hopes and desires that little something more we want for ourselves and our loved ones. Yet knowing we can have more can also create a problem, because when we go to change the way we do things, up e the old patterns and pitfalls(陷阱) that stopped us from seeking what we wanted in the first place. This tension between what we feel we can have and what we’re seemingly able to have is the niggling(煩人的)suffering, the anxiety we feel. This is where we usually think it’s easier to just give up. But we’re never meant to let go of part of us that knows we can have more. The intelligence behind that knowing is us — the real us. It’s the part that believes in the life and its possibilities. If you drop that, you begin to feel a little ＂dead＂ inside because you’re dropping ＂you＂. So, if we have this capability but somehow life seems to keep us stuck，how do we break these patterns? Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time. This is good advice for a new adventure or just getting through today’s challenges. While, deep down, we know we can do it, our mind — or the minds of those close to us — usually says we can’t. That isn’t a reason to stop, it’s just the mind, that little man or woman on your shoulder, trying to talk you out of something again. It has done it many times before. It’s all about starting simple and doing it now. Decide and act before overthinking. When you do this you may feel a little, or large, release from the jail of your mind and you’ll be on your way. 1. It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that we should ________. A. slow down and live a simple life B. be careful when we choose to change C. stick to our dreams under any circumstances D. be content with what we already have 2. What is the key to breaking the old patterns? A. To focus on every detail. B. To decide and take immediate action. C. To listen to those close to us. D. To think twice before we act. 3. Which of the following best explains the underlined part in the last paragraph? A. Escape from your punishment. B. Realization of your dreams. C. Freedom from your tension. D. Reduction of your expectations. 4. What does the author intend to tell us? A. It’s easier than we think to get what we want. B. It’s important to learn to accept sufferings in life. C. It’s impractical to change our way of thinking. D. It’s harder than we expect to follow a new course. 【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。生活中有許多挑戰(zhàn)，我們面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)、追求夢(mèng)想時(shí)可能會(huì)陷入僵局。作者提供了一些建議——不要杞人憂天，放下包袱，實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想很容易。 1.C 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句＂If you drop that，you begin to feel a little ‘dead’ inside because you’re dropping ‘you’. ＂可知，如果你放棄了夢(mèng)想，就開始感覺自己內(nèi)心＂死了＂，因?yàn)槟闶チ俗约旱淖非?。由此可以推理出，在任何情況下我們都應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持夢(mèng)想。 3.C 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的建議＂Decide and act before overthinking.＂(在過度思慮之前做決定和行動(dòng))可知，不要杞人憂天，你要感到放松。故C正確。 4.A 【解析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知作者針對(duì)追求夢(mèng)想提供了一些建議，告訴我們不要杞人憂天，放下包袱，實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想很容易。由此可知A正確。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．It is time that we ________ (adopt) different ways to solve the social problem. 答案：adopted/should adopt　It is time that sb. did/should do sth. “到某人該做某事的時(shí)候了”。 2．In the past 5 years a great deal of money ________ (spend) improving the environment of the school. 答案：has been spent　a great deal of修飾不可數(shù)名詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“in the past 5 years”可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，且spend和money存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故填has been spent。 3．Many people lost their homes and all their ________ (possess) during the war. 答案：possessions　possession “所有物；財(cái)產(chǎn)”，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 4．We aim ________ finish the task by Friday. 答案：to　aim to do sth. 為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“力求做某事”。 5．Youd better take account of your ability before ________ (attempt) to do such a business. 答案：attempting　該句中before為介詞，故應(yīng)填attempt的動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ)。 6．Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring ________ (figure) in the world. 答案：figures　“one of＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示“……其中之一”。 7．They appealed ________ the graduates in the whole department to go to work in the places where conditions are hardest. 答案：to　appeal to sb. to do sth. “呼吁某人做某事”。 8．My job was to take care of these children until they could ________ (adopt) into a good home. 答案：be adopted　在本句中，adopt意為“收養(yǎng)”，且和they存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 9．The thief tried to break away ________ the policeman, but he failed. 答案：from　break away from “脫離；擺脫；掙脫”。 10．________ your ticket, I wouldnt be able to go to the concert tomorrow. 答案：Without　設(shè)空處所在句為without引導(dǎo)的含蓄虛擬條件句。 三、完形填空。 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 A Letter to My Dad Four years ago we found out about the cancer growing inside you.You told me the news that it had already spread and that you didnt know how long you had __1__. I was still at university.A parent dying was something that happened to __2__ people—people older than me.I spent the first few months in__3__.For the first time I felt__4__.I wished I could just __5__ you and take the cancer out.But there was nothing I could do. Weve been__6__.You reacted well to treatment and youre still here，though we dont know for how much __7__. Ive always wanted to say that I love you，and that Im__8__ for everything youve given me.But I cant.It feels like it is this unwritten__9__ in our fatherson relationship that__10__ it.Youre a man conservative and guarded with your __11__.You keep them to yourself and __12__ others to do the same. But I know you __13__.Ive seen your proud looks when Ive told you about my __14__ at work and school over the years.Ive seen your__15__ when things havent gone well.I remember all the offers of help. I wish we could talk about what we __16__ to each other.I wish you could tell me youre __17__ and I could tell you I love you.I wish these __18__ concepts of masculinity(男子氣概)werent so deeply __19__ in both of us.Maybe we will still see our way to that __20__ before you go.But whatever the case，I just need to say it—I love you，and thank you. 1．A.waited　　　　　　 B．left C．suffered D．stayed 2．A.any B．few C．other D．a(chǎn)ll 3．A.doubt B．a(chǎn)nger C．vain D．shock 4．A.powerless B．nervous C．lost D．bored 5．A.reach into B．turn to C．stand by D．look into 6．A.confused B．lucky C．a(chǎn)ctive D．hopeless 7．A.better B．deeper C．longer D．further 8．A.eager B．grateful C．regretful D．desperate 9．A.letter B．word C．idea D．rule 10．A.prevents B．changes C．destroys D．transforms 11．A.illnesses B．feelings C．belongings D．opinions 12．A.require B．expect C．a(chǎn)llow D．persuade 13．A.lie B．understand C．care D．fear 14．A.achievements B．difficulties C．goals D．experiences 15．A.power B．a(chǎn)nger C．curiosity D．concern 16．A.have B．give C．leave D．mean 17．A.conservative B．brave C．proud D．helpful 18．A.absurd B．important C．useful D．popular 19．A.lost B．trapped C．rooted D．covered 20．A.situation B．solution C．a(chǎn)chievement D．conversation 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】你以為你對(duì)他的愛很深沉，這是你了解的；你不了解的是，他對(duì)你的愛比你的深沉一萬(wàn)倍。對(duì)父母的愛，要怎么才說得出口？別太晚。如果沒有勇氣當(dāng)面表達(dá)，就寫封信來(lái)告訴他。 1．B　四年前作者發(fā)現(xiàn)父親身患癌癥，癌細(xì)胞已經(jīng)擴(kuò)散，因此，此處指不知道還能活多久。how long you had left是“你還剩下多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”的意思，left用作后置定語(yǔ)。故選B項(xiàng)。 2．C　根據(jù)該空后的people older than me可判斷，作者以為父(母)親垂死這件事只會(huì)發(fā)生在比他年齡更大的人身上。故選C項(xiàng)。 3．D　in doubt意為“懷疑”；in anger意為“生氣地”；in vain 意為“徒勞無(wú)益地”；in shock意為“震驚地；吃驚地”。聽到父親患癌這件事，作者當(dāng)然是長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地感到震驚。故選D項(xiàng)。 刷有所得方法：做完形填空題時(shí)，有些題要注意該空前后的介詞、副詞等。有時(shí)需要分別把選項(xiàng)與前后的介詞、副詞相搭配，再判斷它們搭配后哪個(gè)短語(yǔ)的意思更符合上下文的邏輯。 4．A　根據(jù)下文But there was nothing I could do.可知，作者什么都做不了，由此可推測(cè)，此處指作者感到無(wú)能為力。powerless意為“無(wú)能為力的”；nervous意為“緊張不安的；焦慮的”；lost意為“迷路的；不知所措的”；bored意為“厭煩的；煩悶的”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知選A項(xiàng)。 5．A　根據(jù)下文and take the cancer out可知，此處指作者希望可以進(jìn)入父親的身體拿走癌細(xì)胞。reach into意為“伸進(jìn)；伸入”；turn to意為“轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于”；stand by意為“袖手旁觀；支持”；look into意為“調(diào)查”。故選A項(xiàng)。 6．B　根據(jù)該空后面的You reacted well to treatment and youre still here可知，作者的父親對(duì)治療反應(yīng)很好并且依然還活著，所以作者一家感覺是幸運(yùn)的(lucky)。故選B項(xiàng)。confused意為“困惑的；混亂的”；active意為“積極的”；hopeless意為“沒有希望的”。 7．C　父親的治療效果很好，“我們”很幸運(yùn)，雖然不知道父親還能堅(jiān)持多久，但是他還活著。better意為“更好”；deeper意為“更深”；longer意為“更長(zhǎng)久”；further意為“更遠(yuǎn)”。故選C項(xiàng)。 8．B　根據(jù)設(shè)空后的everything youve given me可知，作者在此表達(dá)對(duì)父親的感激之情。eager意為“渴望的；熱切的”；grateful意為“感激的”；regretful意為“遺憾的；后悔的”；desperate意為“絕望的”。故選B項(xiàng)。 9．D　句意為：好像在我們的父子關(guān)系上就是這不成文的規(guī)則阻止了這句話被說出口。unwritten rule意為“不成文的規(guī)則”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。 10．A　根據(jù)下文的Youre a man conservative和You keep them to yourself可知，父親很保守，所以這一不成文的規(guī)則阻止了父愛的表達(dá)。prevent意為“阻止；防止”；change意為“改變”；destroy 意為“破壞；摧毀”；transform意為“使改觀；使轉(zhuǎn)化”。故選A項(xiàng)。 11．B　guarded意為“謹(jǐn)慎的”，結(jié)合下文的You keep them to yourself可知，此處指父親是一個(gè)保守的、對(duì)情感(feelings)謹(jǐn)慎的人。conservative and guarded with your feelings作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾前面的a man。故選B項(xiàng)。illness意為“疾病”；belongings意為“所有物”；opinion意為“觀點(diǎn)”。 12．B　根據(jù)前文對(duì)父親的描述conservative, guarded with your ________可知，父親收斂自己的感情，希望別人也這樣做。require意為“要求”；expect意為“期望；盼望”；allow意為“允許”；persuade意為“勸說；說服”。故選B項(xiàng)。 13．C　根據(jù)下文的Ive seen your proud looks可知，父親是很在意兒子的。lie意為“撒謊”；understand意為“理解”；care意為“在意；在乎”；fear意為“害怕”。故選C項(xiàng)。 14．A　根據(jù)前面的your proud looks可知，父親自豪的應(yīng)該是作者取得的成就(achievements)。故選A項(xiàng)。difficulty意為“困難”；goal意為“目標(biāo)”；experience意為“經(jīng)歷”。 15．D　根據(jù)設(shè)空后的when things havent gone well及I remember all the offers of help.可知，當(dāng)事情進(jìn)展不順利時(shí)，父親會(huì)主動(dòng)提供幫助，因此可知，父親是關(guān)心兒子的。power意為“力量；權(quán)力”；anger意為“憤怒；生氣”；curiosity意為“好奇心”；concern意為“擔(dān)心；憂慮”。故選D項(xiàng)。 16．D　結(jié)合下文I wish you could tell me youre ________ and I could tell you I love you.可知，作者希望父親能夠告訴他父親是如何想的，作者也能告訴父親作者愛他。由此可推測(cè)，此處指作者希望能夠與父親談?wù)撍麄儗?duì)彼此意味著(mean)什么。故選D項(xiàng)。 17．C　根據(jù)上文的your proud looks可知，此處指作者希望父親能夠告訴他父親為他而自豪。conservative意為“守舊的；保守的”；brave意為“勇敢的”；proud 意為“驕傲的；自豪的”；helpful 意為“有幫助的”。故選C項(xiàng)。 18．A　根據(jù)上一題解析及空后的masculinity可知，此處指作者希望這些荒謬的大男子觀念不會(huì)在他和父親的心中根深蒂固。absurd意為“荒唐的；可笑的”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。important意為“重要的”；useful意為“有用的”；popular意為“流行的”。 19．C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指作者希望這樣的大男子觀念不要根深蒂固。lost in意為“迷失在……”；trapped in意為“陷入”；rooted in意為“植根于；深植于”；covered in意為“被……覆蓋”故選C項(xiàng)。 20．D　根據(jù)上文的talk about可知，此處指作者與父親的談話(conversation)。故選D項(xiàng)。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．Many worldfamous paintings are in possession of the wealthy old man. ______________________________________________________ 答案：in后加the　in possession of “擁有/占有……”；in the possession of “被……占有/擁有”，一般物作主語(yǔ)。 2．Sport has bee an important form of entertainment, appealed to both men and women. ______________________________________________________ 答案：appealed→appealing　現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)在本句中作狀語(yǔ)。 3．He is always very rude and that is because people tend to avoid him. ______________________________________________________ 答案：because→why　That is why ... “那就是……的原因”，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，故用why。 4．We appreciate your apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter. ______________________________________________________ 答案：figure后加out　figure out在本句中意為“想出”。 5．Distance learning is being adopted as in several countries to help children in remote rural schools. ______________________________________________________ 答案：去掉as　adopt在本句中意為“采納”，為及物動(dòng)詞，故去掉as。 五、七選五 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 (2018貴陽(yáng)市摸底考試) Many teenagers want to look cool.__1__ Chloe Murray，an eighthgrader at Jefferson Middle School in the US，realized this problem and established a charitable clothes closet(衣櫥)to help her peers. __2__ The school let her use a room for the project.Chloes classmates joined her as well.Last month，the charitable clothes closet，called Chloes Closet，opened.__3__ “Confidence is a real issue in middle school，especially when it es to clothing，”Chloe told the Chicago Tribune，a daily newspaper in Chicago，the US. __4__ Many people from the schools munity and neighboring schools donated used and new clothes.The clothes closet is only open after school.Students can“buy”these clothes by earning“money”when they turn in their schoolwork on time，make corrections on homework，participate in a school activity or express helpfulness to their peers and teachers.Since the first week in March，about 100 items have been“sold”to students. “__5__ Then，they will be better able to focus on the learning material rather than paying too much attention to what they are wearing，”Shannon Arko，a language arts teacher at the school，said about the mission(使命)of the closet.“Feeling good about yourself translates into a better learning experience overall.” A．Where are the clothes from? B．Her school supported the idea too. C．Fashion has already bee an important part of students lives. D．You need to supply children with basic needs，such as clothing. E．But everyone can afford to keep up with the changing fashion trends. F．But not everyone can afford to keep up with the changing fashion trends. G．Its filled with trendy clothes for girls and boys to help students look their best. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了一個(gè)美國(guó)學(xué)生發(fā)起的并得到學(xué)校支持的慈善衣櫥活動(dòng)。 【難句分析】“Confidence is a real issue in middle school, especially when it es to clothing，”Chloe told the Chicago Tribune，a daily newspaper in Chicago，the US. 分析：本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；when it es to sth.意為“當(dāng)涉及某事時(shí)，在某個(gè)方面，說到某事”。 譯文：《芝加哥論壇報(bào)》是一家位于美國(guó)芝加哥的日?qǐng)?bào)。Chloe告訴《芝加哥論壇報(bào)》：“在中學(xué)，自信心是一個(gè)真正的問題，尤其是說到衣物時(shí)?！? 1．F　此處承接上文的“Many teenagers want to look cool”，再結(jié)合下文的慈善衣櫥可推知，并不是每個(gè)人都有錢去緊跟時(shí)尚潮流，所以F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 2．B　此處承接下文中的“The school let her use a room for the project”，由此可推知，學(xué)校對(duì)Chloe的這一舉動(dòng)予以支持，故B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 3．G　根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容及空后一句可推知，Chloe建立這樣一個(gè)慈善衣櫥是為了幫助同齡人表現(xiàn)出最好的狀態(tài)，因此衣櫥里捐贈(zèng)的都是時(shí)尚的衣物，所以G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 4．A　根據(jù)下文中的“Many people from the schools munity and neighboring schools donated used and new clothes”可推知，此處介紹了捐贈(zèng)的衣物的來(lái)源，所以A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 5．D　此處承接下文中的“Then, they will be better able to focus on the learning material rather than paying too much attention to what they are wearing”，由此可推知，只有滿足學(xué)生的基本需求，比如衣物，他們才能集中注意力學(xué)習(xí)而不是過多地關(guān)注穿著，所以D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。