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Unit 2 Robots ***閱讀理解。 Despite being used by 1.34 billion people each year，traveling on the Tube in London can actually be quite lonely. One citizen，however，is trying to change this.“You get on the Tube and it’s pletely silent and it’s weird，” says Jonathan Dunne，who has started a worldwide dialogue after giving out badges(徽章) with the words “Tube chat？” last month，encouraging passengers in London to get talking to one another.“I handed out 500 badges during rush hour in a city of 8 million，expecting most of them to be thrown away，but after about 24 hours it pletely snowballed，”he says.Dunne and his “Tube chat” campaign have since been reported by media across the world，seeing TV interviews in Sweden, Brazil and the U．K.，as well as countless website，newspaper and magazine appearances. Although Dunne says he’s received mostly positive feedback，not everyone agrees with his idea.Londoner Brian Wilson responded with a campaign of his own，handing out 500 badges with the words “Don’t even think about it” on them. Michael Robinson，24，a student from London，agrees.“Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work.It doesn’t need to be spoiled by people ing up and chatting to you，” he says. “People assume that I just walk up and talk to strangers, which I don’t，but it’s been a great way to meet people you would never have normally spoken to，” Dunne says. So if you ever end up using public transport in the West, why not say hello to the person next to you？Just make sure to check for a badge first. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　每年乘坐倫敦地鐵的乘客眾多，可是人們?nèi)匀桓械焦陋?dú)；為此Jonathan Dunne發(fā)起了一個旨在鼓勵乘客相互交談的運(yùn)動，此舉引起了世界媒體的關(guān)注。盡管如此，人們對此仍有不同的態(tài)度。 1．How did Dunne encourage London passengers to talk with each other? A．By putting up posters on the Tube. B．By advocating his idea on the media. C．By offering passengers special badges. D．By starting a dialogue with passengers. C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“who has started a worldwide dialogue after giving out badges(徽章)with the words‘Tube chat？’”可知，Dunne給乘客們分發(fā)寫著“Tube chat？”的徽章來鼓勵乘客聊天，故C項(xiàng)正確。 2．How is Dunne’s campaign getting along? A．It has caught international attention. B．It has bee a worldwide campaign. C．Most passengers have refused to accept it. D．Wilson has made great efforts to promote it. A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“‘Tube chat’campaign have since been reported by media across the world, seeing TV interviews in Sweden, Brazil and the U．K., as well as countless website, newspaper and magazine appearances”可知，Dunne和他的“Tube chat”運(yùn)動引起了世界各種媒體的關(guān)注，故A項(xiàng)正確。 3．According to Michael Robinson，what should Tube passengers do? A．Hand in their feedback in time. B．Walk up and talk to strangers. C．Stop using public transport. D．Enjoy the peace quietly. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work. It doesn’t need to be spoiled by people ing up and chatting to you”可知，Michael Robinson認(rèn)為乘倫敦地鐵是人們上下班時享受安靜的時刻，而不是交談的時刻，故D項(xiàng)正確。 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Tube Chat or Not B．Lonely Travel in the London Tube C．Silence on the Tube D．Tube Passengers Wearing Badges A　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章第二段介紹Dunne和他的“Tube chat”運(yùn)動引起了世界各種媒體的關(guān)注；第三段介紹一些人持不同的觀點(diǎn)；最后一段建議如果要跟陌生人打招呼，先看看他有沒有徽章。據(jù)此可以判斷，文章主要介紹了人們對于是否在倫敦地鐵相互交談持不同的觀點(diǎn)，故A項(xiàng)最能概括文意。 ***語法填空。 Residents of a town in Japan have broken the world record for building snowmen. Around 630 citizens at the Iiyama Snow Festival __1__ (make) 1,585 snowmen in one hour. The __2__ (early) record was 1,279 snowmen, __3__ was set in 2011. The event coincided with the opening of __4__ new bullet train station. Justin Patterson, the judge from the Guinness World Records organization, said the event was a wonderful occasion. He said __5__ the town was being buried in snow, the residents dealt with the challenge together in a positive light. There were strict rules for the record __6__ (break). One was that each snowman had to be over 80 cm tall. They __7__ be made of three separate snowballs, with eyes, a nose and arms. People used only their hands to make __8__ . mittee member Jiro Kobayashi told the Asahi Shimbun newspaper that the event suited the opening of the bullet train station. He said that thanks to the __9__ (cooperate) of many people, the record was broken. He said the event added __10__ the celebrations of the opening of the bullet train station. However, many people said that it was a tough thing to do because the snow didnt stick together. 1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　 5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　 9.________ 　10.________ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文為一篇說明文。在日本的一個小鎮(zhèn)，人們在一個小時內(nèi)堆了1585個雪人，打破了先前創(chuàng)造的一個小時內(nèi)堆1279個雪人的紀(jì)錄。 1．made 考查動詞的時態(tài)。堆雪人是過去發(fā)生的事，所以用一般過去時。 2．earlier 考查形容詞的比較級。此處指一個小時內(nèi)堆1,279個雪人是早前的紀(jì)錄，和1,585的記錄進(jìn)行比較，故空格處用比較級。 3．which 考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。先行詞為record，指物，故用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。 4．a(chǎn) 考查冠詞。此處表泛指，故用不定冠詞a。 5．a(chǎn)lthough/though 考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，空格處應(yīng)用連詞although/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，指“雖然小鎮(zhèn)被雪覆蓋，但居民們還是情緒高漲，共同迎接挑戰(zhàn)”。 6．to be broken 考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處說的是“將被打破的紀(jì)錄”，故用不定式表示將來發(fā)生的動作，又因邏輯主語record是不定式動作的承受者，所以用不定式的被動式。 7．must/should 考查情態(tài)動詞。此處指“雪人必須/應(yīng)該由三個獨(dú)立的雪球組成”，故用must/should。 8．them 考查代詞。此處指代人們堆的雪人，且作make的賓語，故用them。 9．cooperation 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處指“幸好有許多人的合作”，且空處位于定冠詞之后，故用名詞形式cooperation。 10．to 考查介詞。add to為固定用法，意為“增加；增添”。 ***完形填空。 Hello, Mr. WiFi. Life without you is next to impossible now. Were happy to sing your name from morning till evening, sometimes till dawn. __1__ I know you help me, sometimes youre making me do things with __2__ attention. Many times I promise myself that Ill __3__ my feelings towards you, but youre __4__ me closer and closer... Youve entered both my home and my __5__. Youre just a window for our __6__ and information. But we people arent __7__ only with the window. So we open all our __8__ for you. Is this a(n) __9__ or some kind of attachment? If this is an illness, is it curable? And if this is an attachment will you __10__ me to the lifelong togetherness? We want you 24/7. Cant you take a few days off so that both you and I can __11__？ Youre a poison — not a slow one but a super __12__ poison which holds our mind and makes us dance __13__ its tune. Nowadays youre so __14__ that anyone can buy and make you our __15__. Youll never be bothered about our health but well __16__ be concerned about your “health”. Because you acpany us everywhere and never let us be alone. If you were a __17__ person made of flesh and blood (血肉之軀) would we love you the same? You __18__ us with your numerous talents and we even cant get rid of you. Were all you __19__. Sometimes I wonder how people in the previous generations __20__， but if they did why cant we? 1．A.Now that B．Only if C．Though D．When 2．A.praised B．increased C．focused D．divided 3．A.keep in B．bring back C．a(chǎn)pprove of D．give up 4．A.drawing B．pushing C．forcing D．observing 5．A.space B．soul C．society D．workplace 6．A.entertainment B．a(chǎn)rgument C．expansion D．struggle 7．A.strict B．satisfied C．generous D．busy 8．A.thoughts B．eyes C．exits D．doors 9．A.disease B．inspiration C．routine D．phenomenon 10．A.remend B．instruct C．mit D．a(chǎn)dapt 11．A.persist B．relax C．progress D．balance 12．A.raw B．a(chǎn)mbiguous C．strong D．fast 13．A.to B．a(chǎn)gainst C．from D．within 14．A.affordable B．valuable C．conventional D．a(chǎn)ttractive 15．A.addition B．expert C．panion D．instrument 16．A.sometimes B．a(chǎn)lways C．never D．seldom 17．A.selfish B．dishonest C．responsible D．real 18．A.control B．scold C．fort D．challenge 19．A.friends B．slaves C．colleagues D．employers 20．A.suffered B．connected C．survived D．surfed 【解題導(dǎo)語】作者用詼諧的語氣質(zhì)問WiFi，這呈現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)代人的一種通病，那就是對無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的依賴。 1．C　根據(jù)語境可知，雖然(Though)作者知道WiFi幫助了自己，但是正是WiFi的特殊作用讓作者在做事情的時候會分心。 2．D　參見上題解析。 3．A　根據(jù)語境可知，作者很多次都對自己承諾說要抑制(keep in)自己對WiFi的情感。bring back“使回憶起，使想起”；approve of“同意，贊成”；give up“放棄”。 4．A　根據(jù)語境可知，此處形象生動地表現(xiàn)了作者不能抗拒WiFi對自己的吸引。draw“吸引”符合語境。force“強(qiáng)迫，迫使”；observe“觀察”。 5．B　WiFi進(jìn)入了作者的家和靈魂中。下文中的“holds our mind”是關(guān)鍵提示。 6．A　WiFi(本來)只是我們娛樂(entertainment)和獲取信息的窗口。argument“爭論”；expansion“擴(kuò)張”；struggle“斗爭，奮斗”。 7．B　根據(jù)上文的“Youre just a window for our... information”以及“But”所表示的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可知，此處表示人們并不滿足于(satisfied)WiFi僅僅是個“窗口(window)”。 strict“嚴(yán)格的”；generous“慷慨的”。 8．D　此處表示人們將WiFi的作用擴(kuò)大化，不僅僅滿足于其作為窗口的作用，而是將所有的“門(doors)”打開迎接WiFi。某種程度上而言，door是window的“升級版”。 9．A　結(jié)合下文中的“an illness”可知，作者疑惑的是自己和其他人對WiFi如此依賴的現(xiàn)象是否是一種病(disease)。inspiration“靈感”；routine“慣例”；phenomenon“現(xiàn)象”。 10．C　如果對WiFi的情感是一種依賴的話，WiFi能保證與作者一生都親密無間嗎？mit意為“保證(做某事、遵守協(xié)議或遵從安排等)，承諾”，符合語境。remend“推薦”；instruct“教導(dǎo)”；adapt“適應(yīng)”。 11．B　WiFi不能給自己放幾天假以便它和作者都能放松(relax)一下嗎？persist“堅(jiān)持”；progress“發(fā)展、(使)進(jìn)步”；balance“平衡”。 12．D　根據(jù)本句中的“not a slow one”可知，WiFi并不是慢性毒藥，而是快速起效的毒藥，故用fast與slow形成對比。raw“不熟練的”；ambiguous“含糊不清的”。 13．A　WiFi是一種能控制人們的思想并使人們隨著它的音調(diào)起舞的毒藥。dance to表示“隨著……跳舞”。 14．A　根據(jù)下文中的“anyone can buy”可知，如今WiFi的價格是如此低廉以至于任何人都能買到，并使其成為人們的伴侶。affordable“支付得起的，不算太貴的”；valuable“有價值的”；conventional“傳統(tǒng)的”；attractive“有吸引力的”。 15．C　參見上題解析。下文中的“Because you acpany us everywhere and never let us be alone”亦是提示。addition“加，添加”；panion“伴侶，伙伴”；instrument“工具”。 16．B　毫無生命的WiFi是決不會在意其用戶的健康的，但是用戶們會一直擔(dān)心WiFi的“健康”，此處用always與上文的“never”形成對比，強(qiáng)調(diào)人們對WiFi的在意程度。 17．D　根據(jù)下文中的“person made of flesh and blood(血肉之軀)”可知，作者想知道如果WiFi成為擁有血肉之軀的真實(shí)的人，人們是否會一樣喜歡它。selfish“自私的”；dishonest“不誠實(shí)的”；responsible“負(fù)責(zé)任的”。 18．A　根據(jù)上文作者介紹的人們對WiFi的依賴及下文中的“we even cant get rid of you”可知，人們離開了WiFi簡直無法生活下去，而本句中的“with your numerous talents”正是WiFi控制人們的方式。control“控制”；scold“責(zé)備”；fort“安慰”；challenge“挑戰(zhàn)”。 19．B　根據(jù)語境可知，WiFi控制了人們，也就是說人們成了被其掌控的奴隸(slaves)。colleague“同事”；employer“雇主”。 20．C　根據(jù)語境尤其是本句中的“in the previous generations”可知，作者非常疑惑的是在早期沒有WiFi的時候人們是如何存活(survived)下來的。suffer“受苦”；connect“聯(lián)系”；surf“沖浪”。 ***短文改錯。 Nowadays, food waste is being seriously in China. To show their hospitality in interpersonal munication, some customers ordered far more than what is enough, cause much food to be untouched and thrown away. What is even more unbearable lie in the fact what banquets at public expenses cost the reputation of our government as well as a huge amount of money. The money could have actually been spent helping those which are in need. Consequently, such waste really makes people be disappointed and depressed. To our delighted, as a nationwide campaign against waste at the dining table has launched, “Clear the Plates” is gaining more acceptance and support. Therefore, the nations “Clear the Plates” is most likely to bee the mainstream idea of hospitality through everyone efforts. 答案： Nowadays, food waste is being in China. To show their hospitality in interpersonal munication, some customers far more than what is enough, much food to be untouched and thrown away. What is even more unbearable in the fact banquets at public expenses cost the reputation of our government as well as a huge amount of money. The money could have actually been spent helping those are in need. Consequently, such waste really makes people disappointed and depressed. To our ， as a nationwide campaign against waste at the dining table has launched, “Clear the Plates” is gaining more acceptance and support. Therefore, the nations “Clear the Plates” is most likely to bee the mainstream idea of hospitality through efforts. 難項(xiàng)分析： 第三處：cause→causing 考查非謂語動詞。此處用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。 第七處：去掉disappointed前的be 考查make的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)?！癿ake＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”中，賓補(bǔ)可以是動詞原形、形容詞、副詞、過去分詞等。disappointed和depressed是過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞，所以be是多余的。 第九處：在has后加been 考查動詞的語態(tài)。launch a campaign “發(fā)起運(yùn)動”，campaign與launch之間是被動關(guān)系，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。 ***