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Global warming (選修6　Unit 4) 【短文語(yǔ)法填空】 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Having bee a millionaire，some people still continue to be 1.concerned(concern) about money and work hard to get all the money，2.while others，one of whom is Charles Gray，have turned their backs on their money and try 3.to_be(be)a happy person.Although Charles Gray is very 4.wealthy(wealth)，he is leading a simple life.He lives in a small room which 5.is_equipped(equip) with secondhand furniture.In fact，Charles was pleased 6.to_give(give) up the lifestyle of a rich man.7.Tired(tire) of being a person who had everything in a world，he gave all his money away，which brought him a lot of happiness.Having discovered that most of the people 8.who wanted to earn much money never made 9.it，Charles decided to drop out.In his opinion，having only a little money makes a person much 10.happier(happy)． Ⅰ.閱讀理解 The world is getting warmer.Animals have begun to change in response to the new condition.And some of them have bee smaller.Some scientists thought this might be an adaptation to a warmer world;smaller bodies should be able to lose heat better.But now a new study published in Science has found that for red knot birds,that’s not the case. Ecologist Jan van Gils and his colleagues have been studying these birds for 33 years.Over the course of their research,van Gils and his team have found that in Russia where the red knots summer,snowmelt and spring have been advancing by half a day per year on average.Over more than thirty years,the researchers caught and measured nearly 2,000 birds.In years when the snowmelt had arrived particularly early,the birds were likely to be smaller and have shorter bills(鳥(niǎo)嘴). The birds leave the coast of Western Africa,where they winter,and fly north toward Russia with no clue as to what the weather is like there.The birds are supposed to arrive in spring,so they can lay their eggs and when their chicks hatch out,there will be a wealth of arthropod(節(jié)肢動(dòng)物) insects to feed their young. But even though the red knots are advancing their arrival date by about a quarter of a day per year,it is not enough to keep up with the snowmelt.And in years when the snowmelt arrives early,the arthropods reach the greatest quantity before the birds need them.Therefore,chicks miss out on eating well and they grow up to be smaller and have shorter bills. Being smaller and having a shorter bill isn’t a problem in Russia—but it is in Africa.There,adult birds feed on thin-shelled bivalves(雙殼貝類),Loripes lucinalis.But the bivalves are buried deep.However,other options,Dosinia isocardia bivalves and seagrass rhizomes(根莖),which only the youngest birds rely on,are not abundant or nutritious. Van Gils and his colleagues found that,in their first year,shorter-billed red knots don’t survive as well in Africa.“A few short-billed birds make it,”van Gils says,“but the majority of birds that survive are the long-billed birds.” 1.Jan van Gils and his colleagues reached the conclusion by 　　　. A.paring red knots with other birds B.dividing 2,000 red knots into several groups C.watching and examining red knots for three decades D.analyzing studies that have been published in Science 2.What influence does early snowmelt have on red knots? A.Their chicks don’t have enough to eat. B.Their eggs take more time to hatch out. C.They need to find other places for summer. D.They arrive in Russia half a day earlier each year. 3.Few adult short-billed red knots survive in Africa because 　　　. A.they can’t find arthropod insects to eat B.they can’t access Loripes lucinalis bivalves C.the Dosinia isocardia bivalves they need are rare D.the seagrass rhizomes they feed on are not nutritious 4.What’s the purpose of the text? A.To tell a story. B.To provide facts. C.To make an announcement. D.To put forward suggestions. B I had the honour of being elected chief of my tribe(部落)．With the title came great responsibility.It was my job to make peace with the Maori Tamaki tribe，whose village we visited.Their soldiers jumped from a canoe and faced us down with fierce crying，sticking eyes and much noise of sticks.They laid a palm leaf on the ground and，as head，I was forced to accept this peace offering by picking it up, then touching noses with their chief.“Kia ora，” he said，weling us into the woodland home of his people. My “tribe” was my New Zealand coach tour group，who had forced me into being their leader.Wed been warned that the ceremony was a serious occasion and that to laugh or even smile would be considered rude to the Tamaki.After that it was nonstop fun as they demonstrated their ancient customs and I received instruction in performing the haka，the war dance immortalized(使不朽)by the All Blacks rugby team. Then they pulled our dinner of lamb，beef and vegetables out of the ground.It had been slowcooked in the heat just below the surface in the geothermal(地?zé)岬?area of North Island，a Maori tradition known as a hangi that goes back an extremely long period of time. Obviously，this form of it is put on for tourists but it was hugely enjoyable.The journey back to the hotel was alone worth the effort，our elder Maori driver being deserving of his own television show.“The wheels on the bus go round and round，”he got us singing，while he circuited a roundabout three times. A couple of days from the end of our trip，there was still something missing，a New Zealand icon I wanted to see to make my grand tour plete.Riding over a ridge，there it was— Aotearoa.The Maori name for New Zealand translates as “the land of the long white cloud”．Can I say “Kia ora，Aotearoa？” You bet I can. 1．How were the visitors greeted in the tribe? A．The soldiers made a palm leaf road. B．The soldiers touched their noses. C．The soldiers shook sticks fiercely. D．The soldiers made noise with shut eyes. 2．Which refers to the Maori cooking custom? A．Kia ora. B．Haka. C．Hangi. D．Tamaki. 3．What does the author think of the driver? A．He was good at singing. B．He made the journey memorable. C．He was not familiar with the road. D．He performed well on a TV show. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．A taste of Maori culture B．Hello，New Zealand C．The honour of being a tribe chief D．The best of New Zealand 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為記敘文，作者講述了他去新西蘭旅游時(shí)接觸到的毛利文化。 1．C　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Their soldiers jumped from a canoe and faced us down with fierce crying，sticking eyes and much noise of sticks.They laid a palm leaf on the ground and”可知，毛利部落的勇士們從獨(dú)木舟上跳下來(lái)，用狂熱的叫喊、瞪大的眼睛和巨大的棍棒晃動(dòng)聲將作者一行人鎮(zhèn)住了，他們還在地面上放置一片棕櫚葉。這些都是毛利人對(duì)游客表示歡迎的方式。故選C。 2．C　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Then they pulled our dinner of lamb，beef and vegetables out of the ground.It had been slowcooked in the heat...a Maori tradition known as a hangi”可知，在地下土爐中烹制食物是毛利飲食傳統(tǒng)，這被稱為hangi。 3．B　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段的“The journey back to the hotel was alone worth the effort，our elder Maori driver being deserving of his own television show...”可知，作者一行人的回賓館之旅讓他們難忘：有表演天賦的毛利老司機(jī)讓作者他們一路歡歌，故選B。 4．A　考查主旨要義。作者作為赴新西蘭的旅游團(tuán)的隊(duì)長(zhǎng)，在旅游中有幸接觸毛利文化，這給作者留下了深刻的印象，故A項(xiàng)“體驗(yàn)毛利文化”作標(biāo)題最佳。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2016河南六市第一次聯(lián)考) When I was diagnosed with breast cancer a few years back,I reacted like most who receive a cancer diagnosis and the first thing that came to mind was a “death sentence”.　1　,instead of plaining,I decided to look for the 　2　 side of it. I realized that I was about to 　3　 a new beginning.I knew that I had to develop and gain 　4　 from all my experiences.Even with the pain I had to 　5　 through each diagnosis,and all the 　6　 I’ve dealt with all my life,I still felt truly lucky.I 　7　 myself that I still have my life,so why am I to 　8　? One day,I had an unusual experience.I turned that experience into a 　9　 and I called it “Peace”.Writing had bee therapy(治療)for me.I took that poem,along with many others I had 　10　 during my breast cancer period and placed them in book form.I was 　11　 enough to have that book published.I later had another inspirational children’s book 　12　,with a third one 　13　.I’m hoping that anyone who has the chance to read my first book of poems will benefit from it.My poems are from the heart,and I wish to have a positive 　14　 on someone who’s ill.I 　15　 believe when you survive a serious 　16　 like cancer,it’s for a reason,and I want to live to 　17　 exactly what that is for me. That’s what I’m all about now,inspiration.I would have 　18　 bee a writer,producing inspirational poems and stories,if I had not gone through all that I did.I’m a true example that you can 　19　 cancer,as long as you have faith and allow that faith to 　20　 your path. 1.A.However　　　　　　　　B.Besides C.Therefore D.Otherwise 2.A.bad B.opposite C.right D.positive 3.A.mark B.miss C.face D.find 4.A.advantage B.strength C.knowledge D.skill 5.A.express B.hide C.go D.bear 6.A.chances B.struggles C.decisions D.businesses 7.A.persuaded B.showed C.reminded D.taught 8.A.plain B.encourage C.disappoint D.please 9.A.poem B.novel C.diary D.play 10.A.read B.learned C.written D.collected 11.A.confident B.lucky C.careful D.shocked 12.A.published B.translated C.typed D.reviewed 13.A.in the dark B.above the average C.ahead of time D.on the way 14.A.impression B.influence C.result D.conclusion 15.A.hardly B.honestly C.truly D.widely 16.A.accident B.diagnosis C.disaster D.disease 17.A.look for B.find out C.concentrate on D.pick out 18.A.ever B.already C.just D.never 19.A.cure B.develop C.survive D.treat 20.A.direct B.cross C.follow D.walk Ⅲ短文改錯(cuò) In July 21,I,together with some people,gathered at Youth Square at 5 am.Then we boarded a bus,where took us to Wuling Mountain,taking us two and a half hour.To tell the truth,Wuling Mountain is a really attractive spot,where the scene was beautiful enough.When first climbing mountain,I felt excited,and walked fast,only take some pictures now and then.There was a large number of tourists that day,making the path crowded.At noon,I had a simply lunch,for I took some food with me.We had returned at four o’clock,laughing and talking.Tired but happy,we arrived home safely and sound. 考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練(選修6　Unit 4) Ⅰ.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。受到全球變暖的影響,在融雪期特別早的年份孵化出來(lái)的紅腹濱鷸會(huì)體格變小、鳥(niǎo)嘴變短,這直接影響它們的生存。 1.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ecologist Jan van Gils and his colleagues have been studying these birds for 33 years.”及“Over more than thirty years,the researchers caught and measured nearly 2,000 birds.”可知答案為C項(xiàng)。 2.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“And in years when the snowmelt arrives early,the arthropods reach the greatest quantity before the birds need them.Therefore,chicks miss out on eating well...”可知,如果融雪期提前到來(lái)的話,等紅腹濱鷸的幼鳥(niǎo)孵化出來(lái)時(shí),它們已經(jīng)錯(cuò)過(guò)了節(jié)肢動(dòng)物數(shù)量最多的時(shí)候,因此沒(méi)有足夠的食物吃。 3.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“...adult birds feed on thin-shelled bivalves,Loripes lucinalis.But the bivalves are buried deep.”可推測(cè),Loripes lucinalis這種貝類在地下比較深的地方,因此嘴短的紅腹濱鷸吃不到它們,影響生存。 4.B　寫(xiě)作目的題。通讀全文可知,本文介紹了在融雪期特別早的年份孵化出來(lái)的紅腹濱鷸會(huì)體格變小、鳥(niǎo)嘴變短,從而直接影響它們生存的事實(shí)。 Ⅱ.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者身患癌癥,但沒(méi)有抱怨,而是通過(guò)寫(xiě)詩(shī)歌和小說(shuō)來(lái)闡述人生,最終戰(zhàn)勝了病魔。 1.A　上文說(shuō),作者對(duì)于患上癌癥首先想到的是“死亡判決”;下文說(shuō),作者并沒(méi)有抱怨。據(jù)此可以判斷,空處前后文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故A項(xiàng)正確。 2.D　根據(jù)該句中instead of plaining可知,作者沒(méi)有選擇抱怨而是決定尋找癌癥積極的一面;D項(xiàng)意為“積極的”,符合語(yǔ)境。 3.C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,作者將面對(duì)新的開(kāi)始。face意為“面對(duì),面臨”,符合語(yǔ)境。 4.B　根據(jù)該句中的from all my experiences可以判斷,作者決定從自己的經(jīng)歷中獲得戰(zhàn)勝癌癥的力量;B項(xiàng)意為“力量”,符合語(yǔ)境。 5.D　根據(jù)該句中的with the pain可知,作者要忍受癌癥的痛苦;D項(xiàng)意為“忍受”,符合語(yǔ)境。 6.B　根據(jù)該句中的“I’ve dealt with all my life...”并結(jié)合前文作者對(duì)患癌癥的敘述可以判斷,B項(xiàng)意為“掙扎”,符合語(yǔ)境。 7.C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,作者提醒自己,自己仍然活著;C項(xiàng)意為“提醒”,故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“說(shuō)服”;B項(xiàng)意為“展示”;D項(xiàng)意為“教”。 8.A　根據(jù)上文第一段最后一句中的“plaining”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知,A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“鼓勵(lì)”;C項(xiàng)意為“失望”;D項(xiàng)意為“取悅”。 9.A　根據(jù)下文的“I took that poem”可知,作者將那次經(jīng)歷寫(xiě)成了一首詩(shī);A項(xiàng)意為“詩(shī)歌”,符合語(yǔ)境。 10.C　根據(jù)上句中的Writing可以判斷,這些詩(shī)是作者在患癌癥期間寫(xiě)的,故C項(xiàng)正確。 11.B　根據(jù)該句中的enough to have that book published可以判斷,作者足夠幸運(yùn),出版了自己的詩(shī)集,故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“自信的”;C項(xiàng)意為“仔細(xì)的”;D項(xiàng)意為“震驚的”。 12.A　根據(jù)上句中的have that book published及本句中的another可以判斷,作者又出版了一本書(shū),故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)意為“翻譯”;C項(xiàng)意為“打字”;D項(xiàng)意為“審查”。 13.D　根據(jù)該句中“another...with a third one”可以判斷,第三本書(shū)將要出版;on the way意為“即將發(fā)生”,符合語(yǔ)境。 14.B　作者的詩(shī)歌源于心靈,作者希望它們對(duì)病人有積極的影響。have an influence on為固定短語(yǔ),意為“對(duì)……有影響”,故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“印象”;C項(xiàng)意為“結(jié)果”;D項(xiàng)意為“結(jié)論”。 15.C　作者真的相信,你能從像癌癥這樣的重疾中存活下來(lái),這肯定是有原因的;C項(xiàng)意為“真正地”,符合語(yǔ)境,故C項(xiàng)正確。 16.D　根據(jù)該句中的like cancer可以判斷,這里指像癌癥那樣的重疾,故D項(xiàng)正確。 17.B　根據(jù)該句中的it’s for a reason可知,作者要弄清楚對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)那是什么;B項(xiàng)意為“弄清楚,弄明白”,符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“尋找”;C項(xiàng)意為“全神貫注于”;D項(xiàng)意為“挑選”。 18.D　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,如果不是癌癥,作者肯定不可能成為作家,寫(xiě)出鼓舞人心的詩(shī)歌和故事,故D項(xiàng)正確。 19.C　根據(jù)前文第三段最后一句中的survive可知,作者是從癌癥中存活下來(lái)的真實(shí)例子,故C項(xiàng)正確。 20.A　根據(jù)該句中的your path可知,只要你有信念,并讓信念指引你的方向,那么你就可能會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝癌癥。A項(xiàng)意為“指引”,符合語(yǔ)境。 Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) 　　InOn July 21,I,together with some people,gathered at Youth Square at 5 am.Then we boarded a bus,wherewhich took us to Wuling Mountain,taking us two and a half hourhours.To tell the truth,Wuling Mountain is a really attractive spot,where the scene was beautiful enough.When first climbing mountain,I felt excited,and walked fast,only taketaking some pictures now and then.There waswere a large number of tourists that day,making the path crowded.At noon,I had a simplysimple lunch,for I took some food with me.We had returned at four o’clock,laughing and talking.Tired but happy,we arrived home safelysafe and sound.