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Unit 3 Back to the past 一、閱讀理解。 With autumn on the horizon, the season’s first Oscar petitors are here. Already,the Hollywood Reporter has predicted that the often-snubbed(冷落的) Leonardo DiCaprio could win. Although before we get swept up in predictions, it’s nice to remember that little gold men are not the reason we love the movies. They shouldn’t be the primary reason for acting in them either. Bill Murray knows this first hand. Murray was positioned to win his first-ever Oscar Academy Award for2004’s “Lost in Translation”, but he lost it to Sean Penn. Years later, Murrayexplained how he took the defeat in stride(從容應(yīng)對(duì)), and his words should act as a blueprint for anyone who has failed: “I went through it once before and it’s nice to get nominated and win some prizes. You get to go to dinners and tell little stories and so forth. Then you get to get dressed up. And then you get to be on TV, which is sweet. And you can either win or lose. Well you’re not supposed to say ‘lose’ when you talk about the Oscar. You are supposed to say ‘not chosen’. But I later realized that I had gotten a little caught up in the possibility of winning. So, shame on myself for getting caught in it. But I won a lot of the prizes for Lost in Translation. So I thought it didn’t seem unnatural to expect that I would be rewarded just one more time. So when it didn’t happen, I thought, ‘Well, that’s kind of funny.’ But to get prizes is not why you work.” Murray isn’t alone in those feelings. No mention of actors without Oscars would be plete without recognition of Leonardo DiCaprio, who said, “I don’t think I ever expected anything like an Oscar ever, to tell you the truth. That is not my motivation when I do these roles. I really am motivated by being able to work with great people and create a body of work that I can look back and be proud of.” Perhaps neither Murray nor DiCaprio will ever be introduced as an Academy Award-winning actor, but winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point. Here are some other amazing actors who never won an Oscar, even if you think they did: Julianne Moore, Brad Pitt, Johnny Depp, Tom Cruise, Harrison Ford, Will Smith. And they have provedthatcountless times before. 1.We can learn about Bill Murray from the passage that_________. A. he felt ashamed that he didn’t win the Oscar. B. he never expected himself to win the Oscar. C. he had already won many other awards before he failed in Oscar. D. he is the first actor who had been predicted to win the Oscar but failed. 2.Leonard DiCaprio is motivated to act different roles because _________ A. he wants to win the Oscar. B. he can cooperate with great people. C. he wants others to take pride in him. D. he is not the only actor who hasn’t won the Oscar. 3.The underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refers to “_________”. A. Neither Murray nor DiCaprio will won an Oscar. B. Winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point. C. Some amazing actors have never won an Oscar. D. You think that some actors should have won an Oscar. 4.What is the writer’s attitude to Leonardo’s idea on winning an Oscar? A. Approving. B. Critical C. Indifferent. D. Neutral. 【文章大意】本文主要介紹了落選奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)的比爾默里和萊昂納多對(duì)奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)的看法。 1.C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“But I won a lot of the prizes for Lost in Translation.”可知，在落選奧斯卡之前，比爾默里已經(jīng)贏得了很多其他獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。 3.B 【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“but winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point.”可知，此處的that指代的就是winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point。 4.A 【解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Perhaps neither Murray nor DiCaprio will ever be introduced as an Academy Award-winning actor, but winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point.”可知，作者對(duì)萊昂納多關(guān)于贏得奧斯卡的態(tài)度是支持的。 二、單項(xiàng)選擇。 1.Our hearts sank at the news that a pipeline _______ in Qindao and 62 people couldn’t survive the disaster. A. remove B. exploded C. reserve D. attacked 【答案】B 【解析】句意：聽到青島輸油管爆炸的消息我們的心沉下去了，62個(gè)人不能幸免于這場災(zāi)難。exploded“爆炸”，符合句意。remove移除，reserve儲(chǔ)備，attack襲擊。 2._______ is no doubt _______ Jennifer will e to see me this weekend as usual. A. It, that B. It, whether C. There, that D. There, whether 【答案】C 【解析】doubt用作名詞時(shí)，在肯定句中，其后從句常用whether引導(dǎo)；在否定句和疑問句中使用that引導(dǎo)從句。There is no/little doubt that...是常用句式。句意：毫無疑問珍妮佛這個(gè)周末會(huì)像往常一樣來看我。 3.He turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror with a serious, studied _______ that soon changed into a smile. A. impression B. expression C. conclusion D. information 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他在鏡子面前轉(zhuǎn)過來調(diào)過去地打量著自己，臉上嚴(yán)肅的表情不一會(huì)兒就變成了微笑。impression印象；expression表情，表達(dá)；conclusion總結(jié)；information信息。 4.Mr. Green is always devoted to his work and has a sense of responsibility. That’s why he was asked to _______ the pany when manager’s health was declining. A. take over B. hand over C. turn over D. trip over 【答案】A 【解析】句意：格林先生工作上很投入且富有責(zé)任心，那也是為什么當(dāng)經(jīng)理身體不好時(shí)讓請(qǐng)他掌管公司的原因所在。take over接管，掌管；hand over移交；turn over移交，翻閱；trip over絆倒。 5.John is appointed to attend the meeting in place of the manager, who has _______ flu. A. e up with B. e down to C. e down with D. e up against 【答案】C 【解析】句意：約翰被派去代替經(jīng)理參加會(huì)議，經(jīng)理得了流感。e down with患(病)，符合題意。e up with提出，想出；e down to歸根結(jié)底，可歸結(jié)為；e up against面對(duì)，遭到……的反對(duì)。 6.Perhaps the most visible sign of the _______ of private wealth in China tries hard not to be visible at all - the private bodyguard. A. introduction B. explosion C. immigration D. investment 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在中國，私人財(cái)富暴增最明顯的跡象大概正是富人試圖努力不讓人察覺的——私人保鏢。explosion意為“突增，激增”，符合語境。introduction介紹；immigration移居，移民人數(shù)；investment投資。 7.There is some doubt among people_______$ 749 is too much for an iphone4. A. that B. whether ‘ C. what D. if 【答案】B 【解析】句意：許多人懷疑是否花749美元買個(gè)蘋果四太多了。There is some doubt whether...是個(gè)固定句型， doubt是名詞，后面跟whether引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。 8.By doing so，I can not only share good ideas with others but also learn to _______ myself clearly. A. express B. expose C. enquire D. distribute 【答案】A 【解析】express 表達(dá)；expose泄露，透露，expose sth. to sb.將某事暴露給……；enquire 詢問；distribute 分發(fā)。句意：這么做，我不僅可以跟別人分享好的想法，還可以學(xué)會(huì)清楚地表達(dá)自己。 9.— As we know, keeping positive is beneficial to the process of our work and study. — You can say that again. Struggle not to let negative ideas _______. A. take over B. take off C. take on D. take up 【答案】A 【解析】take over接管，控制；take off起飛，成名；take on呈現(xiàn)；take up從事；句意：“正如我們知道的那樣，保持樂觀對(duì)于我們的工作和學(xué)習(xí)的過程都有好處?！薄澳憧梢栽僦貜?fù)這句話。努力不讓消極的想法左右你(控制你)?！? 10.—Four dollars a pair? I think it’s a bit too much. —If you buy three pairs, the price for each will _______ to three fifty. A. e down B. take down C. turn over D. go over 【答案】A 【解析】句意：“四美元一雙？我覺得有點(diǎn)貴了?！薄叭绻阗I三雙，每雙降價(jià)到三點(diǎn)五美元?！眅 down下來，降低；take down記下；turn over移交給，把……反過來；go over重溫，復(fù)習(xí)。 11.— As a teenager, our son should have two or three hobbies to be really happy. —_______, but how can he afford the time with so much homework every day? A. So does he B. So he does C. So should he D. So he should 【答案】D 12.The engine just won’t start. Something seems _______ wrong with it. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone 【答案】B 【解析】動(dòng)詞seem之后用不定式，排除CD項(xiàng)；to do表將來，to have done表完成。根據(jù)句意“引擎就是發(fā)動(dòng)不起來，看起來好像出了什么毛病”可知答案為B。 13.Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others _______ essential to their development. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】A 【解析】主語“students’ inner motivation”表示單數(shù)意義，所以謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，并且敘述的是現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故選A。句意：通常情況，學(xué)生的從別人對(duì)他們高的期望獲得的內(nèi)在動(dòng)機(jī)對(duì)他們的發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。 14.It is Jim, together with his cousins, that _______ for this terrible accident. A. is blamed B. is to blame C. are to blame D. should blame 【答案】B 【解析】本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，主語是Jim，together with his cousins是同位語，故后面的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與前面的Jim一致；其次是blame一詞表示“受到責(zé)備”，動(dòng)作還未發(fā)生，故應(yīng)用不定式，故選B項(xiàng)適合。句意：正是吉米和他的表兄弟們應(yīng)該為那起嚴(yán)重的事故負(fù)責(zé)。 15.Not only John and Tom but also their younger sister, Mary, _______ great interest in the piano lessons. A. take B. takes C. have taken D. had taken 【答案】B 【解析】not only…but also…連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，適用于就近原則，本句的主語是their younger sister，Mary是their younger sister的同位語，指的是同一個(gè)人，故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。句意：不僅約翰和湯姆而且他們的妹妹瑪麗對(duì)鋼琴課很感興趣。 三、完形填空。 Two things changed my life: my mother and a white plastic bike basket. I have thought long and hard about it and it’s true. I would be a different person if my mom hadn’t ___1___ a silly bicycle accessory into a life lesson I carry with me today. My mother and father were ___2___ in their way of raising children, but it mostly fell to my mother to actually carry it out. Looking back, I ___3___ don’t know how she did it. Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task, but she made it look ___4___ . We had to keep ___5___ of our belongings, and if something was lost, it was not ___6___ . One day, my mother drove me to the bike shop to get a tire ___7___ —and it was in the window, white, shiny, plastic and ___8___ with flowers, the basket winked at me and I knew—I knew—I had to have it. “It’s beautiful,” my mother said when I pointed it out to her, “What a neat basket.” I tried to ___9___ at first, I played it cool for a short while. But then I guess I couldn’t stand it ___10___ :“Mom, please, can I please, get it? I’ll do extra chores for ___11___ you say, I’ll do anything, but I need that basket, I love that basket. Please ,Mom .Please?” “You know,” she said, “If you ___12___ you could buy this yourself.” “By the time I make enough it’ll be gone!” “There might be ___13___ way,” she said. And so our paying plan ___14___. My mother bought the beautiful basket and put it safely in some hiding place I couldn’t find. Each week I ___15___ counted my growing saving increased by extra work here and there. And then, weeks later, I counted, re-counted and jumped for joy. Oh, happy day ! I ___16___ ! I finally had the exact amount we’d agreed upon…. Days later the ___17___ happened. A neighborhood girl I’d played with millions of times appeared with the exact same basket fixed to her shiny, new bike. I rode hard and fast home to tell my mother about this ___18___. And then ___19___ the lesson. I’ve taken with me through my life: “Honey, Your basket is extra-special,” Mom said, gently ___20___ my hot tears. “Your basket is special because you paid for it yourself.” 語篇解讀：文章主要講述了作者在媽媽的指引下通過自己的節(jié)省與努力買到自己心儀的物件的故事。 1. A. put B. made C. taken D. turned 【答案】D 【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知是媽媽把這次買自行車配件的經(jīng)歷轉(zhuǎn)變成了我一直記憶的好的生活教訓(xùn)，此處構(gòu) 成短語“turn…into”表示“轉(zhuǎn)變成……”之意，故 D 項(xiàng)適合。 2. A. different B. separate C. united D. opposite 【答案】C 【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知我的媽媽和爸爸在養(yǎng)育子女的方式上是團(tuán)結(jié)一致的，A 不同的；B 分開的；C 團(tuán) 結(jié)的；D 相反的。 3. A. simply B. vaguely C. initially D. honestly 【答案】D 【解析】 依據(jù)上下文可知作者真的也不清楚他的媽媽是怎么做到那樣勤儉持家的， 故使用 D 誠實(shí)地， 真的； A 簡單地；B 模糊地；C 最初地。 4. A. speechless B. effortless C. endless D. fruitless 【答案】B 【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知此處表示的是“媽媽把原本挺難得持家的事情變得很容易” ，與文中的“hard”一詞 相對(duì)應(yīng)。A 無語的；B 容易的，不費(fèi)勁的；C 無盡的，D 無收獲的。 5. A. track B. trail C. affection D. trap 【答案】A 【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知此處構(gòu)成短語“keep track of”表示“記錄”之意，文章中講述的是“我們不得不記 錄好我們的東西，如果丟了就不會(huì)再有了” ，故 A 項(xiàng)正確。B 痕跡，蹤跡；C 喜愛，鐘愛；D 陷阱， 圈套。 6. A. replaced B. reflected C. instructed D. registered 【答案】A 【解析】依據(jù)上一句的內(nèi)容可知此處表示的是“取代”之意；A 取代；B 反映；C 教導(dǎo)，指導(dǎo)；D 登記， 注冊(cè)。 7. A. installed B. fixed C. equipped D. tailored 【答案】B 【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知此處表示的是“媽媽帶我去修理自行車的車胎” ；A 安裝；B 修理；C 配備，裝備； D 為……裁制衣服，為……做衣服。 8. A. filled B. decorated C. occupied D. performed 【答案】B 【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知此處表示的是“那個(gè)白色閃光且裝飾著鮮花的塑料車籃子” ，故 B 項(xiàng)正確。A 裝 滿；C 占據(jù)；D 表演。 9. A. hold on B. hold out C. hold off D. hold up 【答案】C 【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知此處表示的是“起初作者盡力不靠近那車籃子，但最終還是控制不了” ；A 堅(jiān)持， 稍等；B 維持，主張；C 不靠近；D 阻止，舉起。 10. A. any more B. more or less C. none the less D. any longer 【答案】D 【解析】 依據(jù)上下文與前面構(gòu)成短語“not…any longer”表示 “作者最終不能再控制好自己了” 。A 項(xiàng)構(gòu)成“not any more”主要是表示 “在程度上不再……” ； 此處結(jié)合前面的“…I played it cool for a short while. But then…”可知作者是在時(shí)間上再也不能忍了，故不適合；B 或多或少；C 仍然。 11. A. as long as B. as much as C. as well as D. as many as 【答案】A 【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知作者在于他的媽媽協(xié)商，此處譯成“只要媽媽說什么都可以去做” ，A 項(xiàng)符合語 境。B 與……一樣多；C 和，與……樣好；D 與……一樣多。 12. A. put up B. turn up C. make up D. save up 【答案】D 【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知作者的媽媽是讓作者自己省下錢去購買，故 D 項(xiàng)正確。A 舉起，張貼；B 出現(xiàn)， 調(diào)高；C 彌補(bǔ)，化妝，編造，組成；D 節(jié)省，節(jié)約。 13. A. other B. another C. the other D. others 【答案】B 【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知媽媽提供了另一個(gè)解決方法，故 B 項(xiàng)正確。 14. A. unfolded B. scratched C. addressed D. guaranteed 【答案】A 【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知在媽媽的提議下，作者的購買計(jì)劃開始了，故 A(打開，展現(xiàn))符合句意。B 抓， 刮；C 處理，演講；D 保證。 15. A. reluctantly B. thoroughly C. unconditionally D. eagerly 【答案】D 【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知此處表示的是“每個(gè)星期我都急切地?cái)?shù)著我節(jié)省下來的錢” ，故 D 項(xiàng)正確。A 不 情愿地；B 徹底地；C 無條件地。 16. A. helped it B. made it C. liked it D. deserved it 【答案】B 【解析】依據(jù)上下文中的“I finally had the exact amount we’d agreed upon….”可知作者終于攢夠了說好的錢 的數(shù)量，B(成功做到)符合語境。A 幫得到；C 喜歡；D 值得，配得上。 17. A. unpredictable B. unbelievable C. unthinkable D. unbearable 【答案】C 【解析】依據(jù)上下文可知此處表示的是“不能想象的事情發(fā)生了” ，故 C(不可想象)符合語境。A 不可預(yù)測 的；B 不可信，難以置信的；D 不能忍受的，空格處表示的應(yīng)該是出乎作者意料之外的事情，故 C 項(xiàng)最適合。 18. A. failure B. property C. disaster D. edition 【答案】C 【解析】 依據(jù)上下文可知在作者的眼里別人與他買了一樣的東西無異于感覺就如同災(zāi)難降臨一樣。 A 失?。? B 財(cái)物；C 災(zāi)難；D 編輯。 19. A. came B. caused C. invited D. participated 【答案】A 【解析】 根據(jù)上文可知， 此處表示作者懂得了其中的教訓(xùn)， 與 A項(xiàng)搭配合適。 倒裝句=and the lesson came then. 20. A. washing out B. clearing out C. taking away D. wiping away 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)上下文可知，是媽媽幫助我檫去淚水的，D 項(xiàng)短語表示“檫去，抹去”適合語境。A 淘汰， 洗凈；B 清除，趕走；C 拿開。 四、七選五。 Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 　 1 　But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn’t difficult. 　 2 　This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way. 　 3 　Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you’re standing at the ocean’s edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn’t fresh. 　 4 　When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you’d better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don’t cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn’t as tasty as the fresh one. There are many mon methods used to cook fish. 　 5 　First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices (調(diào)料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it’s ready to serve. A. Do not buy it. B. The easiest is to steam it. C. This is how you can do it. D. It just requires a little knowledge. E. The fish will go bad within hours. F. When buying fish, you should first smell it. G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease. 【語篇解讀】本文向大家介紹了如何用簡單的方法購買和烹制魚。 1.G 【解析】考查與首句語意的一致性。由空后的句意表示轉(zhuǎn)折可知，轉(zhuǎn)折前的句子在語意上應(yīng)該保持一致，即說明吃魚對(duì)健康的益處。故選G。 2.D 【解析】考查句子的承上啟下作用?？涨耙痪涮岬綄?duì)魚的選購、儲(chǔ)存和烹制并不困難，空后一句講本文是關(guān)于如何以一種簡單的方式購買和烹制魚的，故選D＂這只需要一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)知識(shí)就能做好＂。 3.F 【解析】考查主題句。段落的支撐細(xì)節(jié)始終圍繞主題句展開，本段中第二、三句圍繞如何通過嗅覺來鑒別魚是否新鮮，因此可以判斷F項(xiàng)正確。 4.A 【解析】考查段落中句子間語意的連貫性和代詞的正確使用?？涨疤岬?，濃烈的氣味說明魚已不新鮮，故不能買這種魚。據(jù)此可知A項(xiàng)正確。