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專題二十四　生態(tài)環(huán)保類閱讀+社會文化類閱讀+完形填空+書面表達 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2018遼寧沈陽質(zhì)檢) Encouraging life to bloom(興旺) in the middle of a desert is no easy task.But one pany in the United Arab Emirates has e up with a plan to provide drinking water for the state’s citizens.The pany intends to drag icebergs from Antarctica to the Gulf Coast in order to harvest its freshwater. The pany plans to source the massive blocks of ice from Heard Island,around 600 miles off the coast of mainland Antarctica.It will then transport them around 5,500 miles to Fujarirah,one part of the UAE.One iceberg could provide enough water for one million people over five years,according to the pany. The pany’s director says they have already travelled the transportation route and checked the possibility of the scheme,according to reports in Gulf News.Speaking to the site about what he is calling the UAE Iceberg Project,Abdullah Mohammad Sulaiman Al Shehi said,“We have made the technical and financial plan.We started the project at the beginning of 2018.We want it mainly for the water.It could also be good for tourism and the weather.” The UAE is one of the driest countries in the world,due to its extremely arid climate,which receives less than four inches of rainfall per year.Despite that,it consumes more water than double the global national average,putting the country at severe risk of droughts over the next 25 years. An average iceberg contains more than 20 billion gallons of water,according to the pany.The iceberg takes a long time to melt as 80 percent of it is underwater,while the white ice above reflects sunlight and deflects(使轉(zhuǎn)向)its heat.Blocks of ice will be placed in giant tanks,before being processed.“This is the purest water in the world.” Mr.Al Shehi added. 【語篇解讀】本文是生態(tài)環(huán)保類閱讀。文章主要介紹了UAE 冰川項目,即從南極運送冰川去沙漠地區(qū),解決缺水問題。 1.What can we learn about the UAE project? A.It will help the UAE harvest freshwater. B.It will encourage life to boom in Antarctica. C.It will put the UAE at severe risk of droughts. D.It will pletely change the climate in the UAE. 答案A 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“The pany intends to drag icebergs from Antarctica to the Gulf Coast in order to harvest its freshwater.”及第二段中的“It will then transport them around 5,500 miles to Fujarirah,one part of the UAE.One iceberg could provide enough water for one million people over five years,according to the pany.”可知,這家公司是計劃把南極的冰川運到UAE,幫他們解決缺水問題。 2.Where could the block of ice e from? 　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.The Atlantic Ocean. B.Fujariah. C.The Gulf. D.Heard Island. 答案D 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“The pany plans to source the massive blocks of ice from Heard Island,around 600 miles off the coast of mainland Antarctica.”可知,冰川是從南極的Heard Island運來的。答案為D項。 3.Which of the following may NOT benefit from the project? A.The local people. B.Antarctica. C.The weather. D.Tourism. 答案B 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“One iceberg could provide enough water for one million people over five years,according to the pany.”以及第三段中的“We started the project at the beginning of 2018.We want it mainly for the water.It could also be good for tourism and the weather.”可知,這一項目有利于當?shù)厝?有利于旅游業(yè)和當?shù)氐奶鞖?。答案為B項。 4.What does the author want to show by mentioning the nature of ice in the last paragraph? A.The process of the project. B.The possibility of the plan. C.The purpose of the pany. D.The ments on the scheme. 答案B 解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的內(nèi)容可知文章主要分析了冰川的含水量大,怎么從冰川中提取水,分析了可能性,所以答案為B項。 B (2018遼寧遼南一模) Michelin inspectors,the super secret spies of the restaurant industry,are the anonymous (匿名的) keepers of the famous Michelin star rating.They’ve been writing anonymous reports of restaurants for over 100 years. “We say it’s a little like the CIA,” said inspector “M” with a laugh.She asked that her identity should not be revealed.“My whole life is staying under the radar,staying away from cameras,using fake names,trying to sneak in and out of restaurants quietly.” Along with their boss,Jean Luc Naret,the director of the Michelin Guide,about 90 inspectors around the world decide which restaurants will win the cooking equivalent (等價物) of an Oscar,the Nobel Prize and Megamillions jackpot (百萬彩票) all at once.The Michelin Guide covers 23 countries,and out of the 45,000 rated restaurants,less than 100 have the top rating — only nine American restaurants carry three stars. If the name “Michelin” brings the tires on your car to mind,you’re not too far off.The Michelin rating began in France in 1900 as a marketing trick.The Michelin brothers thought their customers would bum more rubber if given a list of hotels and restaurants to explore. Inspector “M” admitted being an inspector leads to a lonely dining life.“Most of the time we dine alone,” she said.“It gives us the ability to really focus on the food and the atmosphere and capture the entire experience.” To cover their tracks,“M” said sometimes two inspectors will dine together and write two separate papers.It’s better than saying “table for one”,right? “When you’re really,really into food and very crazy about food,everything else that’s going on around you isn’t so important,” she said. 【語篇解讀】本文是社會文化類閱讀。《米其林指南》在全球美食界具有相當?shù)臋?quán)威性。這得益于有一群為之服務(wù)的“美食偵探”,他們行蹤隱秘,竭力避開公眾的目光,游走于世界各地的餐廳酒店,為《米其林指南》搜羅一切美食情報。 5.What does the underlined words “under the radar”mean in Paragraph 2? A.Living in danger. B.Being the focus of the media. C.Trying to be unnoticed. D.Making programs on the radio. 答案C 解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)其后的“staying away from cameras,using fake names,trying to sneak in and out of restaurants quietly”可知,美食偵探使用假名字、避開攝像機、悄悄進入和離開飯店,都是為了盡量不引人注意。答案為C項。 6.What was the purpose of first carrying out the Michelin rating? A.To open more hotels and restaurants. B.To bring more convenience to drivers. C.To make people familiar with “Michelin”. D.To make a profit by selling more tires of a certain brand. 答案D 解析意圖態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Michelin rating began in France in 1900 as a marketing trick.The Michelin brothers thought their customers would bum more rubber if given a list of hotels and restaurants to explore.”可知,最初米其林兄弟推出《米其林指南》是一個促銷策略,是為了賣出更多的米其林輪胎,從而獲取利潤。答案為D項。 7.Why do two inspectors sometimes dine together? A.They can cut the expense on the food. B.They can protect their identities. C.They can save trouble by sharing a paper. D.They can talk about the food over the meal. 答案B 解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段尤其是“To cover their tracks,‘M’said sometimes two inspectors will dine together and write two separate papers”可知,有時兩名美食偵探一起前往一家餐廳是為了便于隱藏身份。答案為B項。 8.What would be the best title for the text? 　 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　 A.M’s experience as a CIA B.The legend of Michelin brothers C.Michelin inspectors:food industry spies D.Michelin—a giant in tire and restaurant industry 答案C 解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Michelin inspectors,the super secret spies of the restaurant industry...They’ve been writing anonymous reports of restaurants for over 100 years.”可知,文章主要介紹米其林檢查員,餐館業(yè)的超級秘密間諜,是著名米其林明星評級的匿名(守衛(wèi))者。100多年來,他們一直在寫餐館的匿名報告。答案為C項。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2018陜西黃陵模擬) To get in a word,everyone in my family has to yell at the dinner table and has a strong 　1　.Everyone has a 　2　 leading to heated arguments.We often talk or even debate with each other on different topics.　3　 a family like mine has made me more 　4　 about the world around me,making me tend to question anything anyone tells me.But I’m not a good listener.And when I say “l(fā)istening”,I’m not 　5　 to the nodding-your-head-and-　6　-answering-Uh-huh-or-Ooh-I-see variety.I mean the kind of listening where you find yourself deeply 　7　 with the person you’re speaking with,when his story bees so 　8　 that your world bees less about you and more about him.No,I was never very good at that. I spent summer in South Africa two years ago.I worked for a good non-profit　9　 called Noah,which works 　10　 on behalf of children affected by AIDS.But 　11　 you asked me what I really did in South Africa,I’d tell you one thing:I listened,and I listened.Sometimes I 　12　,but mostly listened. And had I not spent two months　13　,I might have missed the 　14　 moment when a quiet little girl at one of Noah’s munity centers,orphaned(孤兒) at the age of three,whispered after a long 　15　,“I love you.” 　16　 that summer,I knew how to hear.I could sit down with anyone and hear their 　17　 and nod and respond at the 　18　 time—but most of the time I was 　19　 about the next words out of my own mouth.Since that,I have noticed when my mouth is closed and my 　20　 is wide open,I’ve learned the most about other people,and perhaps about myself. 【語篇解讀】本文是夾敘夾議文。作者通過親身經(jīng)歷,體會到要站在別人的角度去感受對方的傾訴,做一名好的傾聽者。 1.A.qualification B.influence C.opinion D.assumption 答案C 解析詞義辨析題。A項“資歷,資格”;B項“影響”;C項“觀點”;D項“假設(shè),設(shè)想”。根據(jù)上文“To get in a word,everyone in my family has to yell at the dinner table”可知,作者家里的每個人都有自己的觀點。答案為C項。 2.A.mitment B.problem C.schedule D.request 答案B 解析詞義辨析題。A項“承諾,許諾,委托”;B項“問題”;C項“安排,安排表”;D項“要求,請求”。根據(jù)下文“We often talk or even debate with each other on different topics.”可知,作者一家人經(jīng)常會就不同的話題進行辯論,所以推斷每個人都有問題可以輕易地引發(fā)激烈的爭論。 3.A.Belonging to B.Believing in C.Bringing up D.Struggling for 答案A 解析詞義辨析題。A項“屬于”;B項“相信”;C項“養(yǎng)育,嘔吐,教育”;D項“為……奮斗”。句意:作為這樣的家庭的一份子使我對我周圍的一切都充滿好奇,質(zhì)疑別人告訴我的任何事情。根據(jù)句意可知答案為A項。 4.A.anxious B.curious C.nervous D.adventurous 答案B 解析詞義辨析題。A項“焦急的,不安的,渴望的”;B項“好奇的”;C項“緊張的”;D項“冒險的”。根據(jù)上一題的分析可知答案為B項。 5.A.objecting B.appealing C.turning D.referring 答案D 解析詞義辨析題。object to“反對”;appeal to“吸引,呼吁,懇求,上訴”;turn to“轉(zhuǎn)向,求助于”;refer to“談到,提到,涉及,參考,參照”。作者所說的“傾聽”并不指的是點頭,禮貌回答:哦,嗯或我明白了,我知道了等等。答案為D項。 6.A.rudely B.loudly C.politely D.gratefully 答案C 解析詞義辨析題。A項“粗魯?shù)?魯莽地”;B項“大聲地”;C項“禮貌地”;D項“感激地”。根據(jù)上一題的分析可知答案為C項。 7.A.identifying B.quarreling C.debating D.peting 答案A 解析詞義辨析題。A項“認出,識別,認同”;B項“吵架”;C項“討論,辯論”;D項“競爭”。作者所說的“傾聽”是你能夠從內(nèi)心深處認同和你講話的人。答案為A項。 8.A.vivid B.magical C.mind-numbing D.time-consuming 答案A 解析詞義辨析題。A項“生動的,逼真的”;B項“魔幻的”;C項“麻木的”;D項“耗時的”。根據(jù)后面“your world bees less about you and more about him.”可知,你的注意力已經(jīng)從你的身上完全轉(zhuǎn)移到對方的身上了,這說明對方的故事生動和吸引人。答案為A項。 9.A.school B.organization C.factory D.church 答案B 解析詞義辨析題。A項“學校”;B項“組織”;C項“工廠”;D項“教堂”。根據(jù)前面的“non-profit”及后文“which works 　10　 on behalf of children affected by AIDS.”可知,這是一個幫助感染艾滋病的孩子的非營利組織。答案為B項。 10.A.effortlessly B.timelessly C.aimlessly D.tirelessly 答案D 解析詞義辨析題。A項“不費力地”;B項“永久地,無限期地”;C項“漫無目的地”;D項“不倦地”。這個非營利組織Noah竭盡全力為感染艾滋病的孩子們服務(wù)。答案為D項。 11.A.unless B.because C.although D.if 答案D 解析語法功能題。句意:如果你問我我在南非做什么,我會告訴你一件事情:傾聽,不停地傾聽。根據(jù)句意可知答案為D項。 12.A.applauded B.spoke C.wept D.plained 答案B 解析詞義辨析題。A項“鼓掌”;B項“講話,說話”;C項“哭泣”;D項“解釋”。句意:有時我也講一些話,但大部分時間我都在傾聽。答案為B項。 13.A.studying B.traveling C.listening D.working 答案C 解析行文邏輯題。句意:如果當初沒有經(jīng)歷兩個月的傾聽,我可能就錯過這個感人的時刻了。名詞listening在文中多次重復。答案為C項。 14.A.touching B.frustrating C.astonishing D.fascinating 答案A 解析詞義辨析題。A項“感人的,受觸動的”;B項“令人沮喪的,泄氣的”;C項“驚人的”;D項“迷人的,吸引人的”。根據(jù)上一題的分析及下文“orphaned(孤兒)at the age of three,whispered after a long 　15　,‘I love you.’”可知,這個三歲的孤兒,沉默良久后對作者說“我愛你”,這是傾聽的結(jié)果,作者很受感動。答案為A項。 15.A.delay B.course C.journey D.silence 答案D 解析詞義辨析題。A項“耽擱,延誤”;B項“課程”;C項“旅程,旅行”;D項“沉默”。根據(jù)上一題的分析可知答案為D項。 16.A.Before B.After C.Except D.Since 答案A 解析語法功能題。暑假前,作者的“傾聽”只是聽對方故事,點頭,適時回應,但是想的都是自己接下來要說什么。南非暑假之后,作者意識到“傾聽”實際上是閉上嘴全神貫注地傾聽對方的故事,充分去了解對方的內(nèi)心世界。答案為A項。 17.A.needs B.stories C.ments D.cases 答案B 解析行文邏輯題。A項“需要”;B項“故事”;C項“評論”;D項“情況,案例,病例”。根據(jù)第一段“when his story bees so 　8　 that...”可知答案為B項。 18.A.valuable B.free C.right D.same 答案C 解析詞義辨析題。根據(jù)第16題分析可知答案為C項。right作為形容詞意思是“適當?shù)?正確的,恰當?shù)摹薄? 19.A.talking B.arguing C.learning D.thinking 答案D 解析詞義辨析題。根據(jù)第16題分析可知,作者心里想的是自己說什么,而不是真正地在傾聽。答案為D項。 20.A.sympathy B.spirit C.mind D.family 答案C 解析詞義辨析題。A項“同情,憐憫”;B項“精神”;C項“思維,頭腦,心思,心靈”;D項“家庭”。句子“my mind is wide open”可以翻譯成“打開心靈”,這里應該指的是要全身心關(guān)注傾聽對方的故事。答案為C項。 Ⅲ.書面表達 (2018北京西城一模) 假設(shè)你是紅星中學高三學生李華。請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序,寫一篇英文周記,記錄你在上周末爸爸出差期間,為家里拼搭花架的經(jīng)歷。 注意:詞數(shù)100左右。 提示詞:花架flower shelf 參考范文 Last weekend,I fixed up a wooden flower shelf for my family when Dad was away on business,which was really a rewarding experience. On Sunday afternoon,a package was delivered to Mum.I helped Mum carry it in and decided to install it myself without my father’s presence.Inside,there were some wooden boards,iron parts,and an instruction manual.Having read the manual carefully,I,with a screwdriver,fixed the frame first,and then put the boards on it piece by piece.After two hours of hard work,a lovely flower shelf appeared.Mum and I were both pleased and we started putting potted plants onto it. When Dad came back,hearing it was I who had assembled the flower shelf,he,with a broad smile,gave me a thumbs-up.