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選修6　Unit 3　A healthy life 一、閱讀理解 Aging brings wrinkles, sagging bodies and frustrating forgetfulness. But getting older is not all bad for many people. Mounting evidence suggests aging may be a key to happiness. There is conflicting research on the subject, however, and experts say it may all boil down to this: Attitude is everything. Older adults tend to be more optimistic and have a more positive outlook on life than their younger and stressed opposites. The big question is why seniors are happier. A recent study suggests one reason: Older adults remember the past through happy memories. Aging can bring more cheer as people bee more fortable with themselves and their roles in society. The older adults said they were enjoying more time with their family, spending more time on hobbies and having greater financial security and did not have to work. But others are doubtful about the link between happiness and growing older. "The notion that those in old age are happiest is misleading," said Richard Easterlin, a professor of economics at the University of Southern California. "It is based on paring people of different ages who are the same in terms of ine, health, family life." Easterlin added, "When you take account of the fact that older people have lower ine than younger, are less healthy, and more likely to be living alone, then you will find it hard to accept that they are happier. In fact, scientists have found that as people age, their health declines and social networks disappear as their friends die, which can make the elderly less happy. Even if one does give in to ages dark side, health and happiness dont always go hand-in-hand. Its all about attitude. Research by the University of Chicago’s Yang suggests that attitude about life and happiness, is partly shaped by the era in which a person was born. It turns out that individuals who adapt the best to changes also have the highest expected levels of happiness. Despite the conflicting findings about aging and happiness, the good news is that there doesn’t appear to be a limit to how much happiness one can achieve in one’s life. “Most people desire happiness,” Easterlin said. “To my knowledge, no one has identified a limit to attainable happiness.” 1.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A. The key factor to older adults’ happiness B. There is a conflict between aging and happiness C. No one can define the limit to happiness. D. The relationship between health and happiness. 2.Why are some seniors happier according to some experts? A. They focus on what makes them feel good. B. They have their own circle of friends. C. They have better ine after retirement. 3.What can we learn from the passage? A. People of the same age have the same sense of happiness. B. Attitude may play a very important role in happiness. C. People who adapt the best to changes are more likely to be unhappy. D. Older adults who have more valuable life experience are more optimistic. 4.What’s the topic discussed in the passage? A. Whether aging or attitude brings happiness. B. Why seniors adapt the best to changes in society. C. What the limit to an elder person’s happiness is. D. How older people feel pared with younger people. 【文章大意】隨著年齡的增加變老，人們的幸福感也是不一樣的。一些人認(rèn)為老年人會(huì)更幸福些，而另一部分分則持有相反的觀點(diǎn)。無(wú)論如何，幸福的關(guān)鍵在于一個(gè)人對(duì)生活的態(tài)度。 1.C 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)此段中“the good news is that there doesn’t appear to be a limit to how much happiness one can achieve in one’s life… no one has identified a limit to attainable happiness.”可知，幸福是沒有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和限度的。故選C。 3.B 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中“Its all about attitude. Research by the University of Chicago’s Yang suggests that attitude about life and happiness, is partly shaped by the era in which a person was born. It turns out that individuals who adapt the best to changes also have the highest expected levels of happiness.”可知，人們對(duì)生活和幸福的感覺主要取決于一個(gè)人的態(tài)度。故選B。 二、完形填空 Each year around Christmastime, I think back to the homeless dog that appeared at the family farm. His visit became a gift of __1__ that my family still talks about. It was a few days after Christmas in 1999. A __2__ dog wandered onto the front porch (走廊)and __3__ in as if hed lived here all his life. He quickly decided that his __4__ was to guard the house against squirrels. Every time he saw __5__， hed bound off past the garden to the trees, __6__ at the top of his lungs. Then hed walk back to his position on the __7__， ever vigilant (警惕的)． Inside, the house was full of __8__.My 91yearold fatherinlaw, Jim Cravens, was seriously ill. The family had all __9__ to see to his care, to cook and to wele __10__. Jim and his wife, Dorothy, were beloved ones of the munity(社區(qū)). Whenever anyone __11__ the house to do anything or walk next door to my brotherinlaws house, the black dog followed. He would __12__ wait until we were done, follow us home __13__ lie down on the porch. This __14__ visitor gave us something new to talk about. Whose dog was he? Did someone __15__ along the road? Did he __16__ to stay? Anyway, it would be dark soon, and he would be __17__ on the winter night. Jim sat in the rocking chair by the front window where he could __18__ the happy black dogs ings and goings. My __19__ said he wanted to live long enough to see the new millennium (千禧年), and he did. He __20__ away on January 2. That was the day the black dog left. Later we heard that he was a rescued dog about a mile and a half from the farm. They named him Bogart. 【文章大意】本文主要講述了一只無(wú)家可歸的狗來(lái)到作者家并給作者家?guī)?lái)慰藉的故事。 1．A.surprise B．fort C．disaster D．decision 答案與解析：B　根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可推知，這只狗給全家人帶來(lái)了安慰，故選B。 2．A.white B．yellow C．black D．brown 答案與解析：C　根據(jù)下文第12空前的“the black dog followed”可知，那只狗是黑色的。 3．A.settled B．walked C．ran D．slept 答案與解析：A　根據(jù)空后的“as if hed lived here all his life”可推知，無(wú)家可歸的狗在走廊安頓下來(lái)，感覺就像它一直待在那里一樣。settle表示“使處于舒適的位置，安頓”。settle in表示“安頓下來(lái)，適應(yīng)于新家”。 4．A.thought B．method C．view D．job 答案與解析：D　根據(jù)空后的“was to guard the house against squirrels”可推知，此處表示“它的職責(zé)”。 5．A.one B．it C．that D．this 答案與解析：A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用one指代一只松鼠。 6．A.barking B．singing C．reading D．laughing 答案與解析：A　與上文的“to guard the house against squirrels”呼應(yīng)可知，狗看到松鼠就叫。bark表示“(狗)吠叫”。 7．A.ground B．porch C．table D．carpet 答案與解析：B　與上文的“dog wandered onto the front porch(走廊)”呼應(yīng)可知，此處指狗又回到了走廊。 8．A.joy B．sadness C．shock D．excitement 答案與解析：B　根據(jù)下文的“My 91yearold fatherinlaw，Jim Cravens, was seriously ill”可推知，當(dāng)時(shí)家里因?yàn)槔先说闹夭《錆M憂傷。 9．A.waited B．moved C．gathered D．left 答案與解析：C　根據(jù)“The family had all”和“see to his care，to cook”可推知，家里人聚在一起來(lái)看護(hù)老人。gather“聚集”。 10．A.doctors B．passengers C．readers D．visitors 答案與解析：D　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，此處表示歡迎來(lái)探望的人。 11．A.bought B．entered C．left D．rented 答案與解析：C　根據(jù)下文中的“walk next door to my brotherinlaws house”可推知，此處表示的是“當(dāng)有人離開時(shí)”。 12．A.hopefully B．a(chǎn)nxiously C．hurriedly D．patiently 答案與解析：D　根據(jù)下文的“wait until we were done”可知，狗很有耐心。 13．A.and B．or C．but D．yet 答案與解析：A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，wait，follow和lie down是一系列的動(dòng)作，故用連詞and。 14．A.happy B．curious C．eager D．fearful 答案與解析：B　根據(jù)下文的幾個(gè)疑問(wèn)句可推知，這只狗引起了大家的好奇，空處與“gave us something new to talk about”呼應(yīng)。 15．A.pick him up B．drive him back C．drop him off D．turn him down 答案與解析：C　根據(jù)上文的“the homeless dog”可知，大家猜測(cè)這只狗是不是被人丟棄的，故選C。 16．A.pretend B．a(chǎn)gree C．intend D．need 答案與解析：C　根據(jù)下文的“Anyway，it would be dark soon, and he would be__17__ on the winter night”可推知，大家對(duì)這只狗接下來(lái)的安置有所擔(dān)憂，所以有了“他打算留下來(lái)嗎？”的疑問(wèn)。 17．A.sorry B．hot C．warm D．cold 答案與解析：D　根據(jù)空后的“on the winter night”可知，冬天夜里是寒冷的。 18．A.watch B．hear C．feel D．imagine 答案與解析：A　根據(jù)空后的“the happy black dogs ings and goings”可知，此處表示“看到這只快樂的黑狗的進(jìn)進(jìn)出出”。 19．A.father B．fatherinlaw C．brother D．brotherinlaw 答案與解析：B　根據(jù)上文中的“My 91yearold fatherinlaw，Jim Cravens，was seriously ill”可推知，病重的岳父想活過(guò)新的千禧年。 20．A.ran B．died C．went D．passed 答案與解析：D　根據(jù)上文提到老人活過(guò)了新的千禧年并結(jié)合下文的“away on January 2”可知，應(yīng)選D。pass away意為“去世”。 三、七選五 Learning another language is an exciting trip into a new world, and it can take some time and effort to get there. Luckily, there are a few easy ways to make your adventure go a lot more smoothly. Learn a little every day. One of the keys to learning another language is practicing a little bit every day. 1 Studying for long periods can wear you out and limit your focus. Starting with small but regular sessions is the best way to keep your grammar and vocabulary fresh in your mind. Practice out loud. 2 Pronunciation is the key to learning another language and to making yourself understood by native speakers. Read sentences aloud from books or magazines in the language you’ re studying, or just read over your grammar exercises while you’re practicing. You’ll start to get used to the way the new words sound and feel. Close the books. From films to international websites, there are dozens of ways to encounter(遇到)other languages in the real world. 3 Listen to international radio stations — many of them are streaming over the Internet — or look up the websites of newspapers in the language you’re studying. You can keep learning another language while surfing the web or having a movie night with your friends! 4 Learning another language takes determination and perseverance, so keep practicing! Remember to review the basics as well as new vocabulary and grammar, since everything you learn will build on the foundation you start with. Luckily, you have a great reason to keep up the hard work. 5 A. Be optimistic. B. Keep it up. C. Eventually, they’ll just e naturally. D. Remember to explore some of them when you’re learning another language. E. Learning another language can broaden your horizons and introduce you to new people and parts of the world. F. Get a feel for the language by saying words and phrases out loud while you practice. G. Reserve an hour to practice each day and stick to your schedule 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文介紹了學(xué)好另一種語(yǔ)言的幾種方法。 1.G 根據(jù)前一句＂One of the keys to learning another language is practicing a little bit every day.＂可知學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的關(guān)鍵是要每天練習(xí)，因此每天要復(fù)習(xí)一小時(shí)，并且堅(jiān)持你的計(jì)劃。故選G。 3.D 根據(jù)句子＂there are dozens of ways to encounter(遇到)other languages in the real world.＂可知有多種方法可以在真實(shí)場(chǎng)景下遇到其他語(yǔ)種，那么下一句應(yīng)該是說(shuō)我們要學(xué)會(huì)探索出一些場(chǎng)景。故選D。 4.B 根據(jù)下面的句子＂Learning another language takes determination and perseverance, so keep practicing!＂可知小標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是＂堅(jiān)持＂，由此判斷選B。 5.E 根據(jù)前面的句子＂Luckily, you have a great reason to keep up the hard work.＂(幸運(yùn)的是你有一個(gè)很好的理由來(lái)堅(jiān)持這個(gè)艱難的工作。)可知下面要講到原因，即這樣做的好處/優(yōu)點(diǎn)：開擴(kuò)視野，幫你看到一個(gè)嶄新的世界，由此判斷選E。 四、短文改錯(cuò) Most people directly link senior high school life with plenty of stress and endless homeworks.However, some interested activities indeed contribute to reduce the pressure.Last week the entertainment department of our Student Union organized the activity in which each class shoot a short movie.Our class chose a story setting in World War Ⅱ，that showed the preciousness of peace.I think this process was a good lesson that taught to me how to strike a balance between studying or relaxation.Now I am determined than ever to treasure everything I have and fight for my future. 【答案】　 Most people directly link senior high school life with plenty of stress and endless .However, some activities indeed contribute to the pressure.Last week the entertainment department of our Student Union organized activity in which each class a short movie.Our class chose a story in World War Ⅱ， showed the preciousness of peace.I think this process was a good lesson that taught me how to strike a balance between studying relaxation.Now I am determined than ever to treasure everything I have and fight for my future. 第一處：homeworks→homework?？疾槊~。homework為不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。 第二處：interested→interesting?？疾樾稳菰~。interesting修飾物，意為“有趣的”；根據(jù)該句中的名詞activities可知答案；interested修飾人，意為“感興趣的”。 第三處：reduce→reducing。考查動(dòng)名詞。該句中短語(yǔ)“contribute to”中的to為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞。 第四處：the→an?？疾椴欢ü谠~。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，該處泛指“一次活動(dòng)”，故用不定冠詞。 第五處：shoot→shot?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)該句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Last week”可知，該句陳述的事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 第六處：setting→set。考查過(guò)去分詞。a story和set之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示“以二戰(zhàn)為背景的故事”，故用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。 第七處：that→which?？疾殛P(guān)系代詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞指代前面的a story，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用which。 第八處：刪除to?？疾楣潭ㄓ梅?。teach為及物動(dòng)詞，后直接加賓語(yǔ)，不需要接to。teach sb.sth.為固定用法，意為“教某人……”。 第九處：or改為and?？疾檫B詞。該處表示在學(xué)習(xí)和放松之間取得平衡。between...and...意為“在……和……之間”。 第十處：在am后加more?？疾楸容^級(jí)。根據(jù)該句中的than可知，該處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。