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Unit 2 Working the land 一、閱讀理解 Golden Gate Bridge Located in San Francisco, the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County. It was finally thrown open to public in 1937. It cost more than $ 35 million in the construction. Till the year 1957, the Golden Gate Bridge, at a length of 2，737 meters, was the longest suspension bridge in the world. Brooklyn Bridge The Brooklyn Bridge is located in Brooklyn. It is one of the oldest bridges in the United States, opened in the year 1883. The length of the bridge is 1，825 meters. The bridge has been featured in several Hollywood movies. George Washington Bridge Also known as the Hudson River Bridge, the George Washington Bridge which connects Fort Lee to Manhattan came into use in 1931 after a construction period of almost 4 years. It is a twolevel suspension bridge. Mackinac Bridge This is the third biggest suspension bridge in the world at a length of 8，038 meters. The architect of this bridge was Dr. David B. Steinman who directed the construction of the bridge which started in the year 1954.It was opened to the public in 1957. People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money. Navajo Bridge Located in Arizona, this bridge crosses the Colorado River and is almost 250 meters long. The construction of this bridge started in the year 1927, ending two years later, costing $390，000. In the 1990s a second bridge was built which was opened to the public in 1995. The first bridge is still used by pedestrians now. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了美國(guó)五座著名的大橋。 1．What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge? A．It consists of two bridges. B．It costs the least of the five bridges. C．It is the longest suspension bridge in the world. D．It takes about 4 years to plete the construction. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的 “the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County. It was finally thrown open to public in 1937.”可推知，金門(mén)大橋的建造時(shí)間約有四年，故D項(xiàng)正確。 2．Which of the following bridges was built the earliest? A．Golden Gate Bridge. B．Brooklyn Bridge. C．George Washington Bridge. D．Navajo Bridge. B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“was built the earliest”定位到每座大橋的建造時(shí)間；根據(jù)文中各座大橋的建造時(shí)間可知，布魯克林大橋是最古老的大橋，故B項(xiàng)正確。 3．What will you do if you drive across Mackinac Bridge? A．Have to pay some money. B．Use the second bridge. C．Cover nearly 250 meters. D．See the statue of Dr. David B. Steinman. A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段尾句“People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.”可知，使用麥基諾大橋的人會(huì)被收取一定量的錢(qián)，故A項(xiàng)正確。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．(2017江蘇高考)________(determine) where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival. 答案：Determining　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，即本句中Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings作主語(yǔ)，remains是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 2．The ________(produce) of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business. 答案：production　由設(shè)空前的“the”和后面的“of”可知，應(yīng)填所給詞的名詞形式。production “生產(chǎn)；制造”。 3．Nowadays, children have more ________(free); they can do whatever they like. 答案：freedom　freedom 名詞“自由”，在本句中作賓語(yǔ)。 4．Cats can help rid the home ________mice. 答案：of　rid ... of “使擺脫或除去……”。 5．A heavy fire reduced 90 percent of the houses ________ashes. 答案：to　reduce ... to ... “使……淪為……”。 6．I bitterly ________(regret) that I had missed the wonderful film. 答案：regretted　所填詞由bitterly(副詞)修飾，且由從句中had missed可知，此處用動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 7．It is ________(disturb) to think about so much work to do. 答案：disturbing　disturbing “令人不安的”，在句中作表語(yǔ)。 8．The discovery of new evidence led to the thiefs ________(catch)． 答案：being caught　本句中，lead to后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ))，且the thief和catch存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填being caught，即動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，作lead to的賓語(yǔ)。 9．I am not ________(satisfy) with the way he cut my hair. 答案：satisfied　be satisfied with ... 為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“對(duì)……感到滿(mǎn)意”。 10．Though he is young, he is struggling ________(support) a large family. 答案：to support　struggle to do sth. “努力做某事”。 三、完形填空 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 I lived in Dallas，Texas nearly all my life with my dad，mom and younger brother.We were raised to __1__ others，value education，and get all that we could out of life.My parents always say，“Work __2__ and the world is yours.”They are __3__ without a helpful word of__4__ or a bit of encouragement when life gets__5__. My parents always __6__ me to go to college.However, when I__7__ at 16 years old that Id rather get married to a man __8__ go to college，they never stopped telling me they loved me and I could do anything I wanted to.Thankfully，they persuaded me.I graduated from high school and currently __9__ the University of Oklahoma studying medicine.I want to make the world a__10__ place to live in. Every time I call home to tell them about a grade received in the chemistry lab or__11__ class it is that Im working hardest on for the moment，they tell me how __12__ of me they are.I know there are college kids out there that have no one to __13__ home to when they get an“A”on a project and I feel incredibly__14__ to have my parents.They never__15__ loving me or believing in me. Parents are the best gift that God gives me.__16__ their constant love and encouragement，I wouldnt believe I can __17__ the world.My parents __18__ me to always fight for what I __19__ in.So Im working toward something really great and can only hope I__20__ to make them proud. 1．A.inspire　　　　　B．respect C．guide D．follow 2．A.hard B．solidly C．a(chǎn)ttentively D．intelligently 3．A.sometimes B．a(chǎn)nytime C．ever D．never 4．A.method B．a(chǎn)dvice C．education D．introduction 5．A.tough B．smooth C．bright D．happy 6．A.reminded B．supposed C．designed D．expected 7．A.decided B．hesitated C．judged D．remembered 8．A.but B．a(chǎn)nd C．than D．while 9．A.joined B．a(chǎn)ttended C．served D．a(chǎn)dmitted 10．A.fortable B．suitable C．peaceful D．better 11．A.whenever B．whichever C．wherever D．however 12．A.ashamed B．nervous C．proud D．modest 13．A.go B．run C．return D．call 14．A.blessed B．a(chǎn)nnoyed C．praised D．relaxed 15．A.stopped B．helped C．blamed D．prevented 16．A.With B．Without C．Under D．Beneath 17．A.change B．destroy C．conquer D．challenge 18．A.forced B．ordered C．a(chǎn)llowed D．taught 19．A.enjoy B．work C．believe D．live 20．A.want B．wish C．have D．continue 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】爸爸、媽媽、弟弟和“我”住在達(dá)拉斯，父母教育我們要尊重別人，重視教育，他們的愛(ài)和鼓勵(lì)對(duì)“我”意義重大。 1．B　根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，父母教育我們要尊重別人，重視教育。respect意為“尊敬，尊重”，符合語(yǔ)境。 2．A　父母總是教育我們：“努力工作，世界就是你們的?！惫蔬xA。 3．D　當(dāng)生活變得艱難時(shí)，父母總會(huì)給我們有益的建議或一些鼓勵(lì)。never without為雙重否定，表示肯定的意思。 4．B　參見(jiàn)上題解析。a helpful word of advice表示“有用的建議”。 5．A　參見(jiàn)3題解析。tough“艱難的，艱苦的”。 6．D　根據(jù)該段中的“Thankfully, they persuaded me”可知，父母一直期望“我”上大學(xué)并最終說(shuō)服了“我”。expect“期望，期待”。 7．A　根據(jù)下文父母對(duì)“我”的勸說(shuō)可知，16歲時(shí)“我”決定(decided)結(jié)婚而不是上大學(xué)。 8．C　16歲時(shí)“我”決定結(jié)婚而不是上大學(xué)。would rather...than...為固定用法，表示“寧愿……而不愿……”。 9．B　根據(jù)文中的“they persuaded me.I graduated from high school and...medicine”可知，“我”高中畢業(yè)后上了一所大學(xué)。attend意為“經(jīng)常去，定期去(學(xué)校、教堂等)”。 10．D　根據(jù)文中的“the University of Oklahoma studying medicine”可知，“我”主修醫(yī)學(xué)，想讓這個(gè)世界成為更好的(better)可供人們生活的地方。 11．B　每次當(dāng)“我”打電話(huà)告訴他們“我”在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里的成績(jī)或是“我”當(dāng)時(shí)正努力學(xué)習(xí)的任何一門(mén)課程時(shí)，他們會(huì)告訴“我”他們以“我”為傲。whichever class意為“無(wú)論哪一門(mén)課”。 12．C　父母以“我”取得的成績(jī)而自豪。be proud of為固定用法，意為“以……自豪”。 13．D　“我”知道有的大學(xué)生在得到一個(gè)“A”時(shí)，因沒(méi)家人所以無(wú)法打電話(huà)回家。故選D。 14．A　和那些得了“A”卻沒(méi)有家人可告知的同學(xué)相比，“我”有這樣的父母是非常有福的。blessed意義“有福的”。 15．A　父母從不停止對(duì)“我”的愛(ài)，從不停止對(duì)“我”的信賴(lài)。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”。 16．B　沒(méi)有(Without)父母持續(xù)不斷的愛(ài)和鼓勵(lì)，“我”不可能相信“我”能改變世界。 17．A　參見(jiàn)上題解析。故選A。 18．D　父母一直教育(taught)“我”去為“我”認(rèn)為對(duì)的事而奮斗。 19．C　參見(jiàn)上題解析。believe in sth.“認(rèn)為某事好(或?qū)Α⒖山邮?”，符合語(yǔ)境。 20．D　“我”會(huì)繼續(xù)努力，希望父母繼續(xù)為“我”感到自豪。continue to do sth.表示“繼續(xù)做某事”，為固定用法。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．They focused all their attention to finding a solution to the problem. _____________________________________________________ 答案：第一個(gè)to→on　focus ones attention on (doing) sth.“集中精力(做)某事”。 2．They equipped with two sharp axes and set off for the forest. _____________________________________________________ 答案：They后加were或equipped后加themselves　be equipped with和equip oneself with ... “配備有……”。 3．Some people say that Chinese tend to be satisfying with what they have. _____________________________________________________ 答案：satisfying→satisfied　be satisfied with “對(duì)……感到滿(mǎn)意”，主語(yǔ)通常為人。 4．Thanks for the success of the business, we can afford a holiday this year. _____________________________________________________ 答案：for→to　thanks to “多虧了；由于”。 5．She would rather to buy her clothes through the Internet than in the supermarket. _____________________________________________________ 答案：去掉to　would rather do A than do B “比起做B更愿意做A”。 五、短文改錯(cuò) 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(xiàn)(\)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線(xiàn)，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 (2018福州市高三畢業(yè)班適應(yīng)性練習(xí)) Dear Ben， As graduation is draw near，Id like to express my sincere gratitude to you for your kind. In the last three years，you had shared my joys and sorrows，making my school life unforgettable.I remember very much that you sent me to hospital when I had my left leg break.During the days when I had to stay in the bed，you forted me and helped me my lessons.It is your friendship which fills my life with sunshine.I hope my friendship will last forever and I also hope all your dreams will e truly in the future. Best wishes! Yours， Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Ben， As graduation is near，Id like to express my sincere gratitude to you for your . In the last three years，you shared my joys and sorrows，making my school life unforgettable.I remember very that you sent me to hospital when I had my left leg .During the days when I had to stay in bed，you forted me and helped me my lessons.It is your friendship fills my life with sunshine.I hope friendship will last forever and I also hope all your dreams will e in the future. Best wishes! Yours， Li Hua 第一處：draw改為drawing。考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：隨著畢業(yè)的臨近，我想對(duì)你的善意表示由衷的感激。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，該處用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 第二處：kind改為kindness?？疾槊~。根據(jù)形容詞性物主代詞“your”可知，該處用名詞形式。 第三處：had改為have?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)該句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“In the last three years”可知，此處表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能延續(xù)下去，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意：在過(guò)去的三年時(shí)間里，你分享了我的快樂(lè)和憂(yōu)傷，讓我的學(xué)校生活令人難忘。 第四處：much改為well?？疾楦痹~。句意：我清楚地記得，當(dāng)我的左腿受傷時(shí)，你將我送到醫(yī)院。由句意可知，該處表示“清楚地記得”，故將much改為well。 第五處：break改為broken?？疾檫^(guò)去分詞。leg和動(dòng)詞break之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用have sth.done結(jié)構(gòu)，故用過(guò)去分詞。 第六處：刪除the?？疾楣谠~。in bed為固定用法，意為“臥病在床”，故刪除the。 第七處：在my前加with?？疾榻樵~。句意：在我不得不臥病在床的那些天里，你安慰我并幫我補(bǔ)習(xí)功課。help sb.with lessons為固定搭配，意為“幫助某人補(bǔ)習(xí)功課”，故在my前加with。 第八處：which改為that。考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：是你的友誼讓我的生命充滿(mǎn)了陽(yáng)光。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是“your friendship”，故將which改為that。 知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備：強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)是：It is(was)＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that (who)＋句子的其他成分。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)如果是人，可以由who代替that。 第九處：my改為our?？疾榇~。句意：我希望我們的友誼長(zhǎng)存，我還希望你所有的夢(mèng)想在將來(lái)都成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。根據(jù)句意可知，該處表示“我們的友誼”，故應(yīng)用our。 第十處：truly改為true。考查形容詞。e true為固定搭配，意為“成為現(xiàn)實(shí)”，e在此處為系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞。