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Unit 17 Laughter 課時(shí)練(一)　閱讀理解組塊專練——練速度 (限時(shí)：35分鐘) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019成都診斷) Teen Summer Camps Abroad Adventure, Volunteer, Study & Travel Programs Educational Travel for High School Students and Groups Celebrating 26 years of munity servicebased adventure travel programs for high school students and groups! Choose from munity Service, Global Action and Adventure travel opportunities. Location: Worldwide Dates: 1－4 week programs; June through August Cost：＄1,950 per week (10% off book before May 10th) Tel: 303－545－2202 French Summer Camp in the French Alps Highquality Teenage French Summer program in Morzine in the French Alps, just one hour from Geneva. bine language learning with great cultural and outdoor activities in a fun, safe mountain village environment. Dates: July 8th－August 19th Cost: About ＄2,400 for 2 weeks Tel: 450－790－0838 Adventures CrossCountry: Meaningful Service. Real Connections. True Adventure. ARCC Programs provides international adventure programs in 20 countries and 4 western states. With over 30 years of experience, ARCC has remained a pioneer of adventure travel and teen summer programs for young people. Dates: 2－5 week programs every summer; June through August Cost：＄1,900－＄2,200 per week Tel: To get more information or request a catalog, call our headquarters at 415－332－5075. Abbey Road High School Summer Program in Florence, Italy Spend this summer learning about Italian art history, language, cuisine, film, and fashion in the beautiful and historic city of Florence. Enjoy delicious authentic pasta, and go on weekly trips to discover Italy. Dates: 2 week option July 1－15 or July 15－30 | 3 week option July 1－22 |Full Program: 4 week option July 1－30 Costs: ＄4,095 (2 weeks) |＄6,295 (3 weeks) | ＄7,095 (4 weeks) Tel: 888－462－2239 語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了四個(gè)國外青少年夏令營活動(dòng)。 1．If you choose a twoweek program in June with the lowest cost, which number would you call? A．450－790－0838.　　 　 B．888－462－2239. C．415－332－5075. D．303－545－2202. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)活動(dòng)介紹中的“Cost: ＄1,950 per week (10% off book before May 10th)”“Tel: 303－545－2202”，并結(jié)合題干可知，五月十號(hào)前預(yù)訂的話在六月份參加這個(gè)夏令營活動(dòng)的最低費(fèi)用是：1 950290%＝3 510(美元)，是所有夏令營活動(dòng)中費(fèi)用最低的，故選D。 2．What most probably makes Adventures CrossCountry special? A．Its location. B．Its cost. C．Its provider. D．Its dates. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個(gè)活動(dòng)介紹中的“With over 30 years of experience, ARCC has remained a pioneer of adventure travel and teen summer programs for young people”可知，Adventures CrossCountry的特色之處在于其提供者ARCC是該領(lǐng)域的帶頭人，故選C。 3．What do we know about French Summer Camp in the French Alps? A．It lasts the whole summer. B．It provides different week options. C．It helps participants learn French and have fun. D．It offers chances to learn the history of Geneva. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個(gè)活動(dòng)介紹中的“bine language learning with great cultural and outdoor activities in a fun, safe mountain village environment”可知，法國夏令營可以幫助參與者在學(xué)法語的同時(shí)玩得很開心，故選C。 B (2019石家莊模擬)Many years ago, when we first went to Canada, we were driving through Montana with our two children. We thought we would find a motel (汽車旅館) on the way and had not made a booking. As it was getting late, we started looking for a motel, only to find that all were booked, which worried me sick. Finally, around 9 p. m．， we stopped at a gas station to fill up the gas tank. My husband asked for a phone book and told the woman at the counter that we were trying to find a motel. He tried for 15 minutes. When he was unsuccessful, the woman, Linda, said she and her family lived nearby and would be happy if we spent the night at her home. My husband was stunned by her offer. She called her son to direct us, since she had to hold the fort at the gas station till midnight. When we reached her home, her husband greeted us. He took out two sleeping bags for the children. He invited us to have coffee and chat while we waited for his wife. When she came back, we asked if we could slip away in the morning so as not to disturb them. They said we were now guests and we would have to have breakfast with them. We woke up to a table set for breakfast. They made a mountain of pancakes and bacon. We ate breakfast, and when we were leaving, my husband asked if he could offer some payment. They insisted we were their guests. We left moved by their spirit of hospitality (好客). We were amazed that they would take in a family of total strangers from a different country. We kept in touch for many years. Over the years, weve lost touch with them, but have never forgotten their kindness. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者一家在去加拿大時(shí)得到陌生人幫助的經(jīng)過。 4．What made the author upset at first? A．They got lost in Canada. B．They ran out of gas. C．They had nowhere to stay. D．They were late for dinner. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，讓作者感到擔(dān)心的是他們沒有地方可以住宿，故C項(xiàng)正確。 5．What does the underlined word “stunned” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Troubled. B．Surprised. C．Disappointed. D．Confused. 解析：選B　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“We were amazed ... strangers from a different country”可知，作者他們對(duì)Linda為陌生人提供幫助的行為感到驚訝；故畫線詞表示“驚訝的”，故B項(xiàng)正確。 6．What did the authors family do the next morning? A．They slipped away. B．They paid for their breakfast. C．They met some strangers. D．They had a big breakfast. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知，第二天一早，Linda一家就準(zhǔn)備好了豐盛的早餐，作者一家和Linda一家共享了早餐，故D項(xiàng)正確。 7．What is the best title for the text? A．Unexpected Hospitality B．A Kind Woman C．Be Kind to Strangers D．Looking for a Motel 解析：選A　標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了作者一家在去加拿大時(shí)得到加油站工作人員Linda和其家人幫助的經(jīng)過。作者一家因?yàn)闆]有預(yù)訂旅館，晚上無法住宿，Linda得知情況后邀請(qǐng)作者一家到她家住宿，并熱情招待了素不相識(shí)的作者一家。據(jù)此可知A項(xiàng)(意想不到的熱情款待)最適合作文章的標(biāo)題。 C (2019東北三省四市模擬)Heres an idea whose time has e: A flu shot that doesnt require an actual shot. For the first time, researchers have tested a flu vaccine patch (疫苗貼) in a human clinical trial and found that it delivered as much protection as a traditional injection with a needle. Doctors and public health experts have high hopes that it will increase the number of people who get immunized (使免疫) against the flu. Seasonal flu is responsible for up to half a million deaths around the world each year according to the World Health Organization. A team led by Georgia Tech engineer Mark Prausnitz has e up with an alternative method that uses “micro needles”. These tiny needles are so small that 100 of them, arranged in order on a patch, can fit under your thumb (拇指). Yet theyre big enough to hold vaccine against three types of flu. None of the study volunteers had serious side effects. The groups that got patches had mild skin reactions that were not seen in the regular needle group, while the volunteers in the regular needle group were more likely to experience pain. Overall, 70 percent of the volunteers who got vaccine patches said theyd rather use them again than get a traditional flu shot. The study authors declared it a success on all fronts. The biggest beneficiaries could be people in low and middleine countries, where it is hard to e by flu vaccines. Reducing pain is nice, but other benefits — the patch costs less, is easier to transport, doesnt require refrigeration, can be selfadministered and doesnt cause waste of needles — are even better. “Microneedle patches have the potential to bee ideal candidates for vaccination programs，” wrote Katja Hoschler and Maria Zambon of Public Health England. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種不用傳統(tǒng)注射的流感疫苗貼。8．What is the passage mainly about? A．A vaccine that cures people of their flu. B．A team that does research on seasonal flu. C．A patch that makes flu shots a thing of the past. D．A method that makes traditional flu shots painless. 解析：選C　主旨大意題。通讀文章可知，本文介紹了一種新型的流感疫苗貼，故選C項(xiàng)。 9．What do we know about the vaccine patch? A．It causes slight side effects. B．It causes serious skin reactions. C．It delivers vaccine on the head. D．It works badly on 30% of the volunteers. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“None of the study volunteers had serious side effects. The groups that got patches had mild skin reactions”可知，沒有一個(gè)志愿者出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的副作用，也就是說這種疫苗貼有輕微的副作用。 10．The new patch has all the following benefits EXCEPT that ________. A．it is provided free of charge B．it can be used without doctors C．it can be kept at room temperature D．it needs less care in transportation 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“the patch costs less”可知，A項(xiàng)不是這種疫苗貼的好處。 11．What is Katja and Marias attitude towards the new patch? A．Cautious. B．Favorable. C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving. 解析：選B　觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Microneedle patches have the potential to bee ideal candidates for vaccination programs”可知，他們對(duì)這種新型的疫苗貼持肯定態(tài)度。 D (2019廣西三市聯(lián)考)By trying to tickle (使發(fā)癢) rats and recording how their nerve cells respond, Shimpei Ishiyama and his adviser are discovering a mystery that has puzzled thinkers since Aristotle expected that humans, given their thin skin and unique ability to laugh, were the only ticklish animals. It turns out that Aristotle was wrong. In their study published on Thursday, Ishiyama and his adviser Michael Brecht found that rats squeaked and jumped with pleasure when tickled on their backs and bellies. These signs of joy changed according to their moods. And for the first time, they discovered a special group of nerve cells. These nerve cells made this feeling so powerful that it causes a rat being tickled to lose control. To make sure that he had indeed found a place in the brain where tickling was processed, Ishiyama then stimulated (刺激) that area with electrical currents. The rats began to jump like rabbits and sing like birds. “Its truly groundbreaking，” said Jeffrey Burgdorf, a neuroscientist at Northwestern University who reviewed the paper. “It takes the study of emotion to a new level.” Burgdorf has played a central role in our understanding of animal tickling. He was part of a team that first noticed, in the late 1990s, that rats made special noises when they were experiencing social pleasure. Others had already noted that rats repeatedly made short and high sounds during meals. But the lab where Burgdorf worked noticed that they emitted similar sounds while playing. And so one day, the senior scientist in the lab said, “Lets go and tickle some rats.” They quickly found that those cries of pleasure doubled. “The authors have been very adventurous，” said Daniel OConnor, a neuroscientist at Johns Hopkins University. To him, that finding was very surprising. “Why does the world literally feel different when you are stressed out？” he said. “This is the first step towards answering that question. It gives us a way to approach it with experimental rigor (嚴(yán)謹(jǐn))．” 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章中科學(xué)家通過刺激老鼠來記錄它們的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞的反應(yīng)，所得出的結(jié)論將對(duì)情緒的研究提升到了一個(gè)新的高度。 12．What contributed to humans being ticklish according to Aristotle? A．Their special skin. B．Their social pleasure. C．Their nervous system. D．Their willingness to touch. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“since Aristotle expected that humans, given their thin skin and unique ability to laugh, were the only ticklish animals”可知，亞里士多德認(rèn)為人類由于其皮膚薄，而且有獨(dú)特的笑的能力而成為唯一怕癢的動(dòng)物，所以正確答案為A。 13．Which of the following statements will Jeffrey Burgdorf agree with? A．The research process is full of risks. B．The finding of the study is surprising and unbelievable. C．The new discovery is beneficial for the study of emotion. D．The finding of the study actually contradicts modern science. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“It takes the study of emotion to a new level”可知，這項(xiàng)研究成果把對(duì)情緒的研究提升到了一個(gè)新的高度，顯然，這對(duì)情緒的研究是有益處的。故答案為C。 14．The underlined word “squeaked” in Paragraph 2 may be replaced by “________”． A．gave a smile B．made a noise C．burst into tears D．watched with staring eyes 解析：選B　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)該詞后面的“jumped with pleasure when tickled on their backs and bellies”可知，當(dāng)在老鼠的背部和腹部撓癢癢的時(shí)候，它們會(huì)高興地跳起來，再結(jié)合第三段中的“The rats began to jump like rabbits and sing like birds”可知，此處是“發(fā)出聲音”的意思，故選B。 15．What is the best title for the text? A．The Life of Rats B．How Rats Laugh C．A Wonderful Scientist D．A New Discovery about Rats 解析：選D　標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于老鼠的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。故答案為D。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 (2019武漢市武昌區(qū)調(diào)研)On December 22, 2016 I landed in the land of the “American Dream”. __16__ Here is one of the things Ive struggled with during my almost one year in the States. __17__ My uncle and aunt joked that I brought rain from Saigon to America. Saigon, where I e from, is the old name of Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. Vietnam is a tropical country where it rains most of the year. Before going to the U．S., actually, I had no idea what to expect about its weather, but the big rain on my arrival gave me the first expectation of what the weather here might be like. California is known for having a great climate — more sunshine, cooler in summer and warmer in winter. __18__ However, having been here for a pretty long while now, I have experienced various forms of climates in California. __19__ Most of the time I was living in Silicon Valley, where the weather is a bit colder than where I study in Orange County. But I was really surprised to find chilltothebone weather in San Francisco — a big shift from Silicon Valley in only about an hours drive. How strange! __20__The worst is that I get a runny nose whenever I wake up in the morning. Because I am allergic to the cold and windy weather, I keep sneezing badly, and even more badly if I get caught in the cold. I think that my body needs more time to get used to this climate, but as many people said, I am luckier to be in California where I dont have to fight with extreme weather as in other states. A．I am sensitive to weather change. B．Such strange weather has affected my health. C．So the amount of rain this year is considered unusual. D．The LAX airport in California weled me with a big rain. E．So I quickly get used to the unchangeable climate in California. F．The weather varies widely depending on where you are in the States. G．Since then, I have discovered tons of dilemmas about life in America. 語篇解讀：本文是國外生活類說明文。作者介紹了自己從越南到美國之后所體驗(yàn)到的各種天氣。 16．解析：選G　上文提到作者到了美國，接下來說“下面是我在美國接近一年的時(shí)間里努力應(yīng)付過的諸多難題中的一個(gè)”。由此可以推斷，空處表達(dá)的應(yīng)該是作者經(jīng)歷了很多困難，G項(xiàng)的意思是“從那時(shí)起，我在美國經(jīng)歷了很多生活難題”，所以選G。 17．解析：選D　本空位于段首，為段落主題句。根據(jù)下文中的“My uncle and aunt joked that I brought rain from Saigon to America”可知，空處應(yīng)與rain有關(guān)，D項(xiàng)“加利福尼亞的LAX機(jī)場用一場大雨歡迎了我”符合語境，所以選D。 18．解析：選C　上一段講的是加利福尼亞的大雨，本段首句講的是“加利福尼亞因氣候好而著名”，C項(xiàng)的意思是“因此今年的雨量被認(rèn)為是不尋常的”，符合段落間以及句子間的邏輯，所以選C。 19．解析：選F　本空位于段首，為段落主題句。下文講的是美國不同的地方有著迥異的天氣，即便是相隔很近的兩個(gè)地方，其天氣也有很大的變化，而F項(xiàng)的意思是“在美國，天氣隨著你所在的地方而有很大的差異”，所以選F。 20．解析：選B　本空位于段首，為段落主題句。下文講的是作者因?yàn)樘鞖舛嘧兌驀娞纾鳥項(xiàng)的意思是“這種奇怪的天氣已經(jīng)影響到了我的健康”，所以選B。 課時(shí)練(二)　語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用組塊專練——練準(zhǔn)度 (限時(shí)：30分鐘) Ⅰ.完形填空 (2019東北三省四市模擬)Shutting the door heavily, sevenyearold Vito stormed into the room after school. He __1__ himself into the sofa and cried loudly, “Dad, I am very __2__.” Vitos father was quietly listening while working. Vito said, “Joaquin made me lose __3__ in front of my friends. I hope he __4__ a few particularly bad things.” His father went to a corner, __5__ a bag of coal and said to Vito, “Son, __6__ that white shirt as Joaquin, and the bag of coal as some bad things. Use coal to hit the white shirt. __7__ that every time you hit one on the shirt, Joaquin met with a bad thing. When you finish hitting all the coal, see what will __8__.” Vito thought the game __9__. He picked up coal to throw at the shirt. However, the shirt was hung in the __10__ rope. He tried again and again. He __11__ throwing all the coal, but only a little on the shirt. Father asked Vito, “How do you feel now？” “It __12__ me, but I am happy now.” Father saw his son did not understand his __13__， so he let Vito look in a large __14__. What he could only see from his face was white __15__. Then the father said, “You see, the white shirt did not bee particularly dirty, but you have bee a ‘__16__ person’. You want a lot of bad luck on others; the __17__ is that the most unfortunate thing __18__ on ourselves. There our bad __19__ may cause others to suffer bad luck, but the stains left to us are difficult to __20__.” 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，作者通過七歲男孩Vito的故事告訴我們：你想傷害別人時(shí)也會(huì)傷害自己。 1．A.threw B．enjoyed C．occupied D．helped 解析：選A　根據(jù)上文中的“stormed into”和下文中的“cried loudly”可知，Vito氣呼呼地沖進(jìn)房間，猛地坐到沙發(fā)上。故threw符合語境。 2．A.cool B．a(chǎn)nxious C．crazy D．a(chǎn)ngry 解析：選D　根據(jù)上文中的“stormed into”“cried loudly”可知，Vito是非常生氣的。故選D項(xiàng)。 3．A.heart B．interest C．face D．hope 解析：選C　根據(jù)下文中的“I hope he ________ a few particularly bad things”并結(jié)合空處所在句可知，Joaquin讓Vito在朋友面前丟臉了。lose face“丟臉”符合語境。 4．A.runs over B．es across C．takes up D．makes out 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文中的“Joaquin met with a bad thing”可知e across“偶然遇見”符合語境。run over“軋過”；take up“拿起，占用，開始從事”；make out“理解，辨清”。 5．A.found B．supplied C．spotted D．placed 解析：選A　父親走到角落，找到(found)了一袋煤。 6．A.view B．paint C．wear D．hang 解析：選A　根據(jù)下文中的“the bag of coal as some bad things. Use coal to hit the white shirt”可知父親是在作比喻，view ... as ...“把……看作……”符合語境。 7．A.Sense B．Imagine C．Mind D．Believe 解析：選B　根據(jù)“________ that white shirt ... to hit the white shirt”可知，此處表示想象每次你把煤扔到襯衫上時(shí)，Joaquin就會(huì)遇到不好的事情。imagine“想象”符合語境。 8．A.appear B．remain C．happen D．form 解析：選C　當(dāng)你把所有的煤都扔完了，看看會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。happen“發(fā)生”符合語境。 9．A.fun B．silly C．dull D．violent 解析：選A　根據(jù)空前的“the game”及空后的“He picked up coal”可知，Vito認(rèn)為這個(gè)游戲有趣。fun“有趣的”符合語境。silly“愚蠢的”；dull“遲鈍的”；violent“猛烈的”。 10．A.tight B．long C．strong D．distant 解析：選D　根據(jù)下文中的“He tried again and again”可推知，襯衫應(yīng)該是掛在遠(yuǎn)處的繩子上。distant“遠(yuǎn)處的”符合語境。 11．A.risked B．regretted C．considered D．finished 解析：選D　根據(jù)句中的“all the coal”可知，Vito把所有的煤都扔完了。故選D項(xiàng)。上文中的“finish hitting all the coal”亦是提示。 12．A.bothers B．strikes C．tires D．relaxes 解析：選C　根據(jù)句中的but可知，Vito累了但是感到開心。 13．A.intention B．problem C．worry D．solution 解析：選A　父親發(fā)現(xiàn)兒子沒有理解他的意圖。intention“意圖，目的”符合語境。problem“問題”；worry“擔(dān)心”；solution“解決辦法”。 14．A.box B．mirror C．closet D．fence 解析：選B　根據(jù)下文中的“What he could only see from his face was”可知，父親讓Vito照鏡子。故選B項(xiàng)。 15．A.mouth B．eyes C．teeth D．nose 解析：選C　根據(jù)上文可知，Vito扔完了一袋的煤；由此可推知，Vito臉上也沾上了煤，黑黑的，他從自己臉上只能看出白白的牙齒。 16．A.stubborn B．black C．stupid D．greedy 解析：選B　根據(jù)上文可知，煤使Vito變成了“黑人”。 17．A.truth B．secret C．plan D．result 解析：選D　你想讓很多不幸落在別人身上，結(jié)果(result)是最大的不幸會(huì)落(falls)在我們自己頭上。 18．A.relies B．passes C．tries D．falls 解析：選D　參見上題解析。分號(hào)后的句子與分號(hào)前的“You want a lot of bad luck on others”形成對(duì)比。故選D。 19．A.habits B．manners C．thoughts D．words 解析：選C　我們不好的想法可能會(huì)給別人帶來不幸。thought“思想，想法”符合語境。 20．A.return B．remove C．repair D．perform 解析：選B　留給我們自己的污點(diǎn)是很難擺脫的。remove“清除，除去”符合語境。 Ⅱ.語法填空 (2019合肥質(zhì)檢)Xuan paper, known as one of the Four Treasures of the Study, first came into __1__ (exist) in Xuan Prefecture in the Tang Dynasty. The traditional skill of making the paper __2__ hand has been passed down through generations. The process takes as many as 18 steps, all of __3__ require a level of delicacy. Take papermaking master Zhou Donghong, for example. He uses a fine screen to filter (過濾) a mixture of water and fibers. He lifts it up, and its a sheet of paper. It takes him and his partner only 15 seconds __4__ (form) and shape it, but theyve devoted __5__ (they) to perfecting the skills for decades. “There are a lot of tricks of filtering the fibers, and timing is __6__ (difficult) part of all. We have only one chance to filter the right amount of fibers, and only the proper weight guarantees the paper is neither too thin nor too thick, and the margin (差額) for error is __7__ (extreme) small，” said Zhou. With just the right degree of thickness, top quality Xuan paper holds ink and water tightly. The skill of papermaking, __8__ (recognize) as a national treasure, has also proven to be an international one. We felt __9__ great sense of pride as it was listed as a world intangible cultural heritage (非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)) by UNESCO in 2009.Since then, in Jing County, Xuan papermaking __10__ (teach) in schools. 語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了中國文房四寶之一——宣紙。 1．existence　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。介詞后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞等作賓語，故此處用名詞existence作介詞into的賓語。 2．by　考查介詞。by hand意為“用手工”，是固定搭配，符合語境。 3．which　考查定語從句。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞steps，在從句中作介詞of的賓語。 4．to form　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處為固定句型it takes sb. some time to do sth.，意為“做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時(shí)間”，it作形式主語，不定式作真正的主語。 5．themselves　考查代詞。固定搭配devote oneself to sth./doing sth.意為“某人致力于做某事”，故用反身代詞themselves。 6．the most difficult　考查形容詞最高級(jí)。結(jié)合“There are a lot of tricks of filtering the f