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模塊6U2 一、閱讀理解。 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Whenever we see a button，we want to press it because we know that something will happen.This is true in most cases，for example，on a doorbell.But some buttons are actually fake(假的)，like the “close”button on a lift. Many people are in the habit of pressing the“close”button because they dont have the patience to wait.But lifts“close” buttons are a plete trick，at least in the US—the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press. It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US，making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter safely.Only repair workers can use the buttons to speed up the doorclosing process if they have special keys. But to normal lift riders，the buttons arent pletely useless.According to psychologists，fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control. “A sense of control is very important.It reduces stress and increases wellbeing，”said Ellen J．Langer，a psychology professor at Harvard University.Experts also added that a lot of buttons that dont do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose. For example，pedestrian crosswalk buttons dont live up to their names either.Pressing them used to help make the traffic signals change faster，but that was before putercontrolled traffic signals were introduced. But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little“white lies”，they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close，it is considered to be worth the effort. 1．What is the authors purpose in writing the text? A．To describe different fake buttons. B．To explore the functions of fake buttons. C．To analyze various habits of pushing buttons. D．To explain the disadvantages of fake buttons. 2．What can we learn about the“close”buttons on a lift in America? A．They work when people press them hard. B．They were designed for a sense of control. C．They never speed up the doorclosing process. D．They take the safety of the disabled into account. 3．What can we infer about pedestrian crosswalk buttons? A．They can make people feel better. B．They help puters work faster. C．They can control the traffic signals. D．They help pedestrians cross safely. 4．Which may be the best title for the passage? A．Buttons in the USA B．Buttons Always Lie C．Buttons May Not Work D．“Close”Buttons on Lifts 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了我們平時生活中所見到的按鈕可能是不起作用的。 【難句分析】Put psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies”， they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort. 分析：這是一個復(fù)合句。句子主干為psychologists found it interesting。it為形式賓語，真正的賓語為that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句；when 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。 譯文：但是心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，有趣的是，甚至當(dāng)人們意識到這些“善意的謊言”時，他們?nèi)匀焕^續(xù)按那些虛假按鈕，因?yàn)橹灰罱K門關(guān)了，那就被認(rèn)為是值得努力的。 1．B　考查推理判斷。通讀整篇文章可知，作者通過舉例子介紹了不同地點(diǎn)的虛假按鈕，其目的是探求這些虛假按鈕的功能。故選B。A項(xiàng)“描述不同的虛假按鈕”，C項(xiàng)“分析按按鈕的不同習(xí)慣”，D項(xiàng)“解釋虛假按鈕的弊端”。A、C、D三項(xiàng)在文中均有提及但不是整篇文章的目的，故排除。 2．D　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter safely”可知，美國電梯里的“關(guān)閉”按鈕是為了確保殘疾人能安全地通過。故選D。 3．A　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control”和第六段中的“For example，pedestrian crosswalk buttons dont live up to their names either”可知，人行橫道按鈕也沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)其功能，但可以讓人們感覺好一點(diǎn)，故選A。 4．C　考查標(biāo)題判斷。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講述了有些按鈕只是形式上的，而不具備真正的實(shí)際功能。故C項(xiàng)“按鈕可能不起作用”最符合文章主旨。故選C。 二、單項(xiàng)填空 1.While experts _______ delaying the retirement age, some citizens doubt whether they can _______ easily to the new age of workforce. A. acplish, adopt B. attain, allocate C. adore, adapt D. advocate, adjust 【答案】D 【解析】 acplish 完成； adopt 采取， 收養(yǎng)； attain 獲得； allocate 分配； adore 崇拜； adapt 使適應(yīng)； advocate 提倡；adjust 調(diào)整。句意：盡管專家提倡推遲退休年齡，有些人懷疑他們是否能適應(yīng)新時代的工 作。 2.Some high school teachers strongly _______ the reform of the current education system to make students develop in an all—round way. A. advocate B. Establish C. dominate D. plain 【答案】A 【解析】句意：一些中學(xué)教師強(qiáng)烈主張對當(dāng)今的教育體系進(jìn)行改革，以使學(xué)生得到全面的發(fā)展。advocate “提倡，主張，擁護(hù)” ，符合句意。establish 建立；dominate 控制，支配；plain 抱怨。 3.The examinations are around the corner. Some fans in our class are persuaded to _______ playing football to focus on their studies. A. neglected B. escaped C. quit D. denied 【答案】C 【解析】neglected 疏忽；忽略；escaped 溜走；逃脫；quit 放棄，離開，停止，擺脫；denied 否定，否認(rèn)； 句意：考試就在眼前，我們班的一些球迷被說服放棄踢足球，集中精力學(xué)習(xí)。quit (doing) sth.“停 止/放棄(做)某事” 。 4.To ensure that children from poor areas can receive fair education, the government has planned to _______ more money to improve the miserable conditions of local schools. A. announce B. allocate C. advocate D. accumulate 【答案】B 【解析】announce 宣布；allocate 分配；advocate 提倡；accumulate 累積。句意：為了確保貧困地區(qū)的孩 子能接受公平的教育,政府計(jì)劃分配更多的資金來改善當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校的貧窮的教學(xué)條件，故選 B 項(xiàng)。 5.A UN official said aid programs will be suspended until there’s _______ protection for relief convoys(車隊(duì)). A. abrupt B. typical C. adequate D. considerate 【答案】C 【解析】abrupt 突然的；typical 典型的；adequate 足夠的；considerate 體貼的。句意：一名聯(lián)合國官員說將 會暫停援助項(xiàng)目，直到援助車隊(duì)能夠得到充分的保護(hù)為止。 6._______ by adjustments to financial systems and safety nets, some of those reforms fail to ensure that the poor are not harmed. A. Having not acpanied B. Not having been acpanied C. Having not been acpanying D. Not having acpanied 【答案】B 【解析】句子主語 some of those reforms 和 acpany 之間是一種被動關(guān)系，acpany 這一動作在謂語動 詞之前發(fā)生，可知用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的被動式，根據(jù)句意可知選 B。句意：其中的一些改革如果 不伴隨著金融制度和網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全的調(diào)整，就不能確保窮人不受到傷害。 7.The young nurse was very nervous when she _______ in her first operation. A. resisted B. insisted C. accepted D. assisted 【答案】D 【解析】assist 協(xié)助，幫助。句意：當(dāng)?shù)谝淮屋o助(assist)做手術(shù)時，那位年輕護(hù)士很緊張。 8.We knew that there were no _______ or easy solutions to overe the problems that we faced. A. instant B. suitable C. free D. open 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我們知道對于面臨的問題我們沒有立竿見影的解決方法。根據(jù)句意用 instant。 9.As he began his U. S. job hunt, Morales considered buying a car in order to be able to _______ the best available job. A. go through B. go after C. . go away with D. go over 【答案】B 【解析】go after 追逐, 追求，符合語境。當(dāng)他開始在美國找工作時，莫拉萊斯考慮購買一輛汽車，以便能 夠追求最好的工作。 10.His essay, having been polished up many times, was brief and _______, and therefore won the first prize in the writing petition. A. at this point B. off the point C. on the point D. to the point 【答案】D 【解析】to the point 切題的，中肯的。句意：他的文章，經(jīng)多次修改后，簡潔而又切題，因此在作文比賽 中贏得了一等獎。 11.Most living creatures are capable of _______ when pelled to do so. A. application B. adaptation C. approval D. appreciation 【答案】D 【解析】application 應(yīng)用；adaptation 改編；approval 批準(zhǔn)；appreciation 感激。句意：大多數(shù)生物都能在迫 于壓力的情況下適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。 12.In the questionnaire, the subjects are questioned whether they _______ banning cars in the city center. A. agree B. ment C. advocate D. conduct 【答案】C 【解析】 句意： 在問卷調(diào)查中， 被試被詢問是否提倡在市中心禁止車輛行駛這一主張。 agree 同意； ment 評論；advocate 提倡，主張；conduct 執(zhí)行，實(shí)施。advocate doing sth 提倡做某事，故選 C。 13.She _______ school as soon as she had taken her GCSEs. A. went to B. left for C. quit D. gave in 【答案】 C 【解析】quit school 輟學(xué)。句意：她一拿到普通中等教育證書后就沒再上學(xué)了。 14.Mr. Williams is a conservative who advocates fewer government controls on business. A. abandons B. allocates C. accelerates D. advocates 【答案】 C。 【解析】abandon 拋棄；allocate 分配；accelerate 加速；advocate 提倡，鼓吹。句意：威廉斯先生是個保 守派，主張政府應(yīng)減少對商業(yè)的控制。 15.He graduated from a key university with great honors and I think he is _______ to the job. A. delicate B. pulsory C. adequate D. suitable 【答案】C 【解析】句意：他畢業(yè)于一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)，我認(rèn)為他足以勝任這份工作。adequate“勝任的，合格的” ，符合 題意。delicate 易碎的，精致的；pulsory 義務(wù)的；suitable 適合的，恰當(dāng)?shù)?，be suitable for 適 合。be adequate to 能勝任……。 三、完形填空。 There was once a widow who had two daughters.The __1__ widow loved the elder who was like herself both in looks and personality，but didnt love the other，who resembled her __2__，although she was pretty and friendly. The younger daughter had to __3__ hard all day and live upon the leftovers of her elder sister.Among her other __4__ jobs，she was forced to carry water every day __5__. One day __6__ she had just filled her pot at the fountain，an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water.Glad to show a kindness to the old woman，she __7__. Now，all of a sudden，there was no old trembling woman but a(n)__8__ who rewarded good deeds before her.“Your face is pretty __9__ your heart is gentle，” said she.“For your kindness，I will make you a gift.Every time you speak，from your mouth shall e a flower or a jewel.” When the girl reached home，her ill mother __10__ her for her long absence.“Pardon me for being away so long，” she replied.As she spoke some pearls and diamonds dropped from her __11__. “What is this I see，child？” asked the __12__ widow. The poor girl was so happy to be __13__ child by her mother that she eagerly told her mother about her __14__ with the old woman at the fountain.The widow immediately __15__ her favorite daughter to do as the __16__ girl had done. When the impatient girl was filling the pot with water at the __17__，a beautiful lady appeared and __18__ a drink of water from the girl. “I have not e here to serve you，” she __19__ replied. The lady，who was the fairy，said，“I will make you a gift to __20__ your rudeness.Every time you speak，from your mouth shall e a snake or a toad(蟾蜍)．” 1．A.goodtempered B．badtempered C．kind D．beautiful 2．A.daughter B．teacher C．mother D．father 3．A.plain B．play C．work D．study 4．A.easy B．hard C．interesting D．boring 5．A.within reach B．with ease C．without hesitation D．from a great distance 6．A.when B．while C．once D．before 7．A.hesitated B．a(chǎn)greed C．left D．a(chǎn)rgued 8．A.boy B．old woman C．old man D．fairy 9．A.although B．but C．while D．a(chǎn)nd 10．A.scolded B．praised C．thanked D．forgave 11．A.waist B．hair C．lips D．hands 12．A.amused B．interested C．a(chǎn)stonished D．frightened 13．A.awarded B．called C．showed D．taught 14．A.difficulty B．thought C．experiment D．experience 15．A.advised B．got C．forced D．invited 16．A.slim B．tall C．elder D．poor 17．A.river B．pool C．fountain D．well 18．A.asked for B．a(chǎn)sked of C．a(chǎn)sked about D．a(chǎn)sked after 19．A.rudely B．jokingly C．proudly D．hurriedly 20．A.deserve B．face C．equal D．repay 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了兩個性格和外表不同的姐妹對給予他人幫助的不同反應(yīng)及她們得到的相應(yīng)的結(jié)果，彰顯了善有善報(bào)的道理。 1．B　根據(jù)下文中的“her ill mother”并結(jié)合下文她訓(xùn)斥小女兒可推知，她脾氣不好。 2．D　根據(jù)語境中的轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處與“herself”形成對比。小女兒不像她而是像父親。 3．C　根據(jù)下文中的“Among her other __4__ jobs，she was forced to carry water every day __5__”并結(jié)合“l(fā)ive upon the leftovers of her elder sister”可推知，小女兒整天要做許多工作，靠吃姐姐的剩飯菜生活。 4．B　根據(jù)上文中的“The younger daughter had to __3__ hard all day”可推知，小女兒的工作都很辛苦，很累人。 5．D　根據(jù)本段的整體內(nèi)容可知，小女兒過得很艱難。由“she was forced to carry water every day”可推知，小女兒還得每天從很遠(yuǎn)的地方挑水，這與其艱難的生活境況呼應(yīng)。 6．A　此處應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作時間狀語，修飾先行詞One day。 7．B　根據(jù)空前的“Glad to show a kindness to the old woman”可推知，小女兒答應(yīng)了老婦人的請求。 8．D　根據(jù)下文的“The lady，who was the fairy”可推知，老婦人是仙女變過來的。 9．D　根據(jù)語境可知，空處前后句表示邏輯上的并列關(guān)系，故選D。 10．A　與“her ill mother”和“her long absence”呼應(yīng)并結(jié)合下文小女兒的道歉可知，此處表示小女兒受到母親的訓(xùn)斥。 11．C　根據(jù)上文中的“Every time you speak，from your mouth shall e a flower or a jewel”可知，小女兒以后說話會口吐花兒或者寶石，故選C。lip“嘴唇”，符合語境。 12．C　小女兒突然口吐珍珠和寶石，她的母親自然很吃驚。astonished“吃驚的”。 13．B　根據(jù)上文中的“What is this I see，child”可推知，寡婦很震驚，對小女兒的態(tài)度突然轉(zhuǎn)變，柔和了很多，稱她為“孩子”。 14．D　小女兒迫切地將自己遇到仙女的經(jīng)歷告訴了母親。experience“經(jīng)歷”。 15．B　get sb.to do sth.意為“讓某人做某事”，符合語境。 16．D　與上文中的“The poor girl”呼應(yīng)可推知，這里指可憐的小女兒。 17．C 　與上文中的“One day __6__ she had just filled her pot at the fountain”呼應(yīng)可推知，大女兒也來到噴泉那里。 18．A 　與上文中的“an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water”呼應(yīng)可推知，一個漂亮的女士向大女兒討水喝。 19．A　與下文中的“your rudeness”呼應(yīng)可推知，當(dāng)時大女兒舉止很粗魯，與上文的“the impatient girl”呼應(yīng)，故選A。 20．C　結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示仙女要送給大女兒一份與她的粗魯相匹配的禮物。equal“比得上”。 四、短文改錯。 Not long ago，I was touched by the reply from Tsinghua University to Wei Xiang，which aroused a heating discussion. As Wei Xiang lost his father in a very early age，he was brought up by her mother.Despite of serious illness，he overcame all difficulties and was admit to Tsinghua with high marks.He wrote a letter to Tsinghua to apply for a separate room，where his mother could take care of him in the next four year.In the reply，the school promise to satisfy all his requirements and encouraged him to have strong belief in life.It is not only the inspiring story but also the warmth from the university which attracts the publics attention.From Weis story，I learned that hard work would final pay off. 【答案】 Not long ago，I was touched by the reply from Tsinghua University to Wei Xiang，which aroused a discussion. As Wei Xiang lost his father a very early age，he was brought up by mother.Despite serious illness，he overcame all difficulties and was to Tsinghua with high marks.He wrote a letter to Tsinghua to apply for a separate room，where his mother could take care of him in the next four .In the reply，the school to satisfy all his requirements and encouraged him to have strong belief in life.It is not only the inspiring story but also the warmth from the university attracts the publics attention.From Weis story，I learned that hard work would pay off. 第一處：heating改為heated?？疾樾稳菰~。那引起了一場激烈的討論。故heated “激烈的”符合語境。 第二處：in改為at?？疾榻樵~。at a very early age“在很小的年紀(jì)”為固定搭配。 第三處：her改為his?？疾榇~。根據(jù)上文可知Wei Xiang是男性，故此處應(yīng)用his。 第四處：刪除of。考查介詞。盡管得了嚴(yán)重的疾病，despite“盡管”后跟賓語時不需帶of。 第五處：admit改為admitted?？疾楣潭ù钆洹e admitted to“被接收(入學(xué))”為固定搭配。 第六處：year改為years?？疾槊~復(fù)數(shù)。未來四年母親能夠在那兒照顧他，four后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故此處為years。 第七處：promise改為promised。考查時態(tài)。本文敘述的是過去的事情，且全文使用的均為一般過去時，故此處用promised。 第八處：have后加a。考查冠詞。鼓勵他對人生充滿信心，have a strong belief in...“堅(jiān)信……；對……懷有堅(jiān)定信念”。 第九處：which改為that?？疾樘厥饩湫汀Ｕ撬奈枞诵牡慕?jīng)歷和來自清華大學(xué)的溫暖吸引了公眾的注意。本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型it be＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who...，故改為that。 第十處：final改為finally?？疾楦痹~。此處表示“努力最終會得到回報(bào)”。修飾動詞用副詞，因此改為finally。