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必修5　Unit 4　Making the news Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A At 23, my career got going. I was midway through a masters degree at the London School of Economics and Political Science and had been hired as a parttime reporter for a finance website. I got a great onemonth review and my boss asked if I was interested in staying at the pany after graduation. However, balancing graduate studies with work was challenging. To deal with it, I checked my real self at my office door. I came in to work, greeted my colleagues and listened more than I contributed in each morning meeting. The small team I worked with often seemed busy, so rather than giving ideas that might get turned down, I stayed back. After four months, my boss called me into his office. The meeting was going well until he told me that despite the great work I had produced, the team had held a meeting and decided, “We dont think its the right fit.” I must have looked confused.“Youre ambitious, intelligent and will be very successful，” my boss said. “But you havent made enough effort to join the team. You lost the enthusiasm you showed in your interview. That wont work long term, and if I could give you one piece of advice, it would be to get your guard down.” I couldnt believe that performing well at my job wasnt enough to keep it. But I knew my boss was right. They knew that when they hired me, I had no experience in finance reporting, yet they took a chance on me. In meetings I usually contributed last, after I had heard everyone elses suggestions.I did it to show that I was a listener, but also to hide my fears. They liked the person who walked into the interview, and they didnt respect me when I hid that person from them. “Dont leave before you leave.” That advice is essential for women at all stages of our careers. Because we work so hard for success, we dont like to think that we hurt ourselves sometimes. But each of us must change when necessary. In trying to earn a fulltime job, I “l(fā)eaned back” in order not to show too much of myself or my lack of expertise(專門知識(shí)). I learned that the hard way wasnt the way to achieve our goals. 【文章大意】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文?！拔摇痹诠竟ぷ鳎趫F(tuán)隊(duì)里，“我”辛苦勤奮，所在的團(tuán)隊(duì)也緊張忙碌，但是“我”害怕表達(dá)自己的主張和建議。老板在肯定了“我”的成績(jī)的同時(shí)，建議“我”勇于表達(dá)自己的主張，分享個(gè)人的建議。 【難句分析】The small team I worked with often seemed busy，so rather than giving ideas that might get turned down，I stayed back.(第二段最后一句) 分析：這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。句中I worked with為省略了關(guān)系詞的定語從句，修飾先行詞The small team；句中that might get turned down為that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞ideas。 譯文：我工作所在的小團(tuán)隊(duì)常常看起來很忙碌，所以我沒有把那些可能遭到拒絕的想法表達(dá)出來，而是退到后面。 1．Why was the author offered a job at the pany at first? A．She just got her masters degree in finance. B．She greatly impressed her boss in her first month. C．She had quite a lot of experience in finance reporting. D．She showed her special financial talent while working there. 答案與解析：B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段第三句“I got a great onemonth review and my boss asked if I was interested in staying at the pany after graduation.”可知，在第一個(gè)月的工作中，“我”獲得了很高的評(píng)價(jià)，給老板留下了深刻的印象，故老板決定聘用“我”。故B項(xiàng)正確。 2．During her next four months at the pany, the author ________. A．performed well enough to earn the teams respect B．didnt balance her graduate studies with work very well C．was a good listener and contributed a lot in the meetings D．was afraid to offer her ideas because of her lack of confidence 答案與解析：D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第四句“The small team I worked with often seemed busy, so rather than giving ideas that might get turned down，I stayed back.”，并結(jié)合第四段倒數(shù)第二句“I did it to show that I was a listener，but also to hide my fears”可知，“我”工作所在的團(tuán)隊(duì)常?？雌饋砗苊β?，“我”擔(dān)心自己的建議或想法遭到拒絕，所以只愿做一個(gè)傾聽者。據(jù)此可知，由于缺乏自信，“我”害怕表達(dá)自己的想法，故D項(xiàng)正確。 3．What does the author intend to tell us in the passage? A．We should always keep up our enthusiasm at work. B．Expertise and experience are greatly valued in the workplace. C．We should not shy away from sharing our ideas when working in a team. D．Its unwise of women to show themselves off when they are taking part in teamwork. 答案與解析：C考查目的意圖。文章第二段描述了“我”辛苦勤奮，所在的團(tuán)隊(duì)緊張忙碌，第三、四段講述老板對(duì)“我”工作的評(píng)價(jià)：雖然辛苦努力，但是“我”缺乏在團(tuán)隊(duì)中建言獻(xiàn)策的自信和勇氣，并不能贏得團(tuán)隊(duì)的尊敬。據(jù)此可以判斷，本文旨在告訴讀者在團(tuán)隊(duì)工作中不要畏避表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)，故C項(xiàng)正確。 B Fidel Castro was born at his father’s farm on August 13, 1926. His father, Angel Castro, was a migrant to Cuba from Galicia, Northwest Spain. He had bee financially successful by growing sugarcane at Las Manacas farm in Biran, Oriente Province. Aged six, Castro was sent to live with his teacher in Santiago be Cuba, before being baptized(洗禮)into the Roman Catholic Church at the age of eight. Being baptized enabled Castro to attend the la Salle boarding school in Santiago, where he regularly misbehaved, so he was sent to the privately funded Dolores School in Santiago. In 1945 he transferred to a more famous school, De Belen in Havana. Although Castro took an interest in history, geography and debating at Belen, he did not excel academically, instead devoting much of his time to playing sport. In 1945, Castro began studying law at the University of Havana, where he became involved in student activism, and the violent gangsterism culture within the university. Passionate about anti-imperialism and opposing U.S. interference in the Caribbean, he unsuccessfully campaigned for the presidency of the Federation of University Students on a platform of “honesty, decency and justice”. Castro became critical of the corruption and violence of President Ramon Grau’s government, delivering a public speech on the subject in November 1946 that received coverage on the front page of several newspapers. In 1947, Castro joined the Party of the Cuban People, founded by Eduardo Chibas. Chibas advocated social justice, honest government, and political freedom, while his party exposed corruption and demanded reform. Though Chibas lost the election, Castro remained devoted to working on his behalf. Social situation being worse, Castor soon received a death threat urging him to leave the university; refusing, he began carrying a gun and surrounding himself with armed friends. 1.From paragraph 2, we know that Fidel Castro _______. A. had no interest in history B. performed very well at school C. spend much time playing sport D. attended the La Salle boarding school before 8 2.What is the right order of the following events related to Fidel Castro? a. delivered a public speech b. entered the University of Havana c. joined the Party of the Cuban People d. transferred to famous school, De Belen A. dbac B. abcd C. dabc D. acdb 3.Fidel Castro carried a gun at university_________ A.to catch people’s attention B.to hang out with friend for fun C.to get involved in the political activities D.to defend himself against the death threat 4.What does the passage mainly talk about? A. the Party of the Cuban People B. Fidel Castro’s misbehavior at school C. Cuba’s political situations in the 1940s D. Fidel Castro’s early life and political activities 【文章大意】本文介紹了古巴革命領(lǐng)袖Fidel Castro的早期生活和政治活動(dòng)。 2.A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句話“In 1945 he transferred to a more famous school, De Belen in Havana. ”可知d的時(shí)間為1945年；根據(jù)第三段第一句話中的“In 1945, Castro began studying law at the University of Havana”可知b的時(shí)間為1945年，且在d之后發(fā)生；根據(jù)第三段最后一句話中的“…, delivering a public speech on the subject in November 1946”可知a發(fā)生于1946年；根據(jù)最后一段第一句話中的 “In 1947, Castro joined the Party of the Cuban People”可知c發(fā)生于1947年。正確順序?yàn)閐bac，故選A。 4.D 【解析】主旨大意題。縱觀全文可知本文介紹了古巴革命領(lǐng)袖Fidel Castro的早期生活和政治活動(dòng)，故選D。 二、七選五 Are Your Clothes Causing Pollution? Very small pieces of plastic，called microfiber，are polluting rivers and oceans.__1__ Clothes worn for outdoor activities and exercise are often made of artificial materials，which are useful in keeping warm.But they contain very small plastic fibers，which may also be harming the environment when you wash them.When people wash these clothes，very small pieces go down the drain(下水道)with the wash water. __2__ Pollution caused by plastic is not new，but recent studies have shown the effect of microfiber on the environment.Studies show microfiber is ending up in our waters，which may e from waste water treatment factories.A 2015 study found it in fish from California. Microfibers effect on food supplies Beyond the waterways，the researchers say microfiber may end up in soil and agricultural lands.__3__ This means there is much to be learned about microfiber and the environment. Some studies have shown that microfiber ends up inside sea animals，like oysters.__4__ Researchers say that the fibers tend not to move into the tissue of the fish，but it needs more study. Steps to keep microfiber from the environment Until more information bees known，there are steps to take to reduce the amount of microfiber in the environment. People should use less of the artificial materials.If we already have those in our lives and were using them，an important step would be washing them less. __5__ A bag is being designed in which you can wash these clothes.The bag traps the microfiber in it and it may be available for purchase soon. A．New technology may also help. B．Studies on how much of the microfiber are released. C．The source of the microfiber may surprise you：your clothes. D．Washing machines keep microfiber from escaping with wash water. E．Studies on microfiber in the environment. F．It can also move around the atmosphere. G．So if microfiber has been found in fish and seafood，are they safe to eat? 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了微纖維的來源、微纖維對(duì)環(huán)境以及食物供應(yīng)的影響和減少微纖維進(jìn)入環(huán)境的措施。 1．C　由文章標(biāo)題“Are Your Clothes Causing Pollution”可知，本文與衣服導(dǎo)致污染有關(guān)，并結(jié)合下文可知，造成污染的微纖維來自于有些用人工材料制成的衣服，故C項(xiàng)符合語境。 2．E　根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為該部分小標(biāo)題?？蘸蟮亩温渲饕v的是微纖維對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，故E項(xiàng)符合語境。 3．F　結(jié)合空前一句中的“the waterways”和“in soil and agricultural lands”可知，研究人員認(rèn)為微纖維可能擴(kuò)散到水道，土壤和農(nóng)田中，故F項(xiàng)“它也能在大氣中移動(dòng)”符合語境。 4．G　空前一句中的“sea animals, like oysters”與G項(xiàng)中的“fish and seafood”相呼應(yīng)，故G項(xiàng)符合語境。 5．A　空后一句中的“A bag is being designed”正是A項(xiàng)中的“New technology”，故A項(xiàng)符合語境。 三、短文改錯(cuò) (2018山東六校聯(lián)考) The day before Mothers Day, everybody around me was talking about what was most suitable gift they would buy for their mothers. Buying flowers were what most students would do. However, I wanted to do something differently. As then I lived in school and couldnt go back home on Mothers Day, so I decided to call her and sent her my best wishes. I searched the Internet for suggestions, what were very useful, and I read it carefully. When I called my mother, however, I had the feel that someone elses words would have no meaning to her. So I gave in and just told my mother I loved her and thanked her to all she had done for me. 答案： The day before Mothers Day, everybody around me was talking about what was most suitable gift they would buy for their mothers. Buying flowers what most students would do. However, I wanted to do something . As then I lived in school and couldnt go back home on Mothers Day, I decided to call her and her my best wishes. I searched the Internet for suggestions, were very useful, and I read carefully. When I called my mother, however, I had the that someone elses words would have no meaning to her. So I gave and just told my mother I loved her and thanked her all she had done for me. 四、語法填空 Chengdu has been making a name for itself in Western countries in recent years, as the city has moved to __1__ (strength) its cultural exchanges with the rest of the world.Chengdu Week __2__ (host) in Madrid in January as a major activity of the 2017 Happy Spring Festival in Spain, __3__ is an annual event held by the Chinese embassy in Spain to celebrate __4__ traditional Spring Festival holiday with overseas Chinese, locals and other visitors.It was the first time that the Chinese embassy had __5__ (patient) introduced a city to the traditional Lunar New Year celebration. During the festival, classic regional art forms such as paper cutting, shadow plays and face changing opera performances were __6__ display at the famous Plaza Mayor in Madrid.“The performances are so __7__ (amaze) that I want to buy a ticket to Chengdu right now，” said Manuela Carmena, mayor of Madrid, during the event.Mayor Carmena said that the two cities shared __8__ (similar) in many aspects and she hoped two cities could have __9__ (far) exchanges than before in tourism and culture.Chengdu has bee more closely tied to Spain since a direct flight between Madrid __10__ Chengdu was launched on December 17. 語篇解讀：近年來，成都通過文化交流，大大提升了在世界上的影響力。本文介紹了2017年春節(jié)期間在西班牙舉辦的成都(文化)周，剪紙、變臉等傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)和表演引起了轟動(dòng)。 1．strengthen　空后是名詞結(jié)構(gòu)，所以此處用動(dòng)詞，和空前的to構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。故填strengthen。 2．was hosted　設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，和主語Chengdu Week之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in January可知，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填was hosted。 3．which　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Happy Spring Festival，指物，且在從句中作主語，故用which引導(dǎo)該從句。 4．the　此處特指?jìng)鹘y(tǒng)的中國(guó)春節(jié)假期，用定冠詞the。 5．patiently　設(shè)空處修飾謂語動(dòng)詞introduced，作狀語，應(yīng)用副詞。故填patiently。 6．on　on display為固定搭配，意為“展覽；展出”。故填on。 7．a(chǎn)mazing　設(shè)空處在系動(dòng)詞are后作表語，主語為The performances，前有副詞so修飾，所以用amazing，意為“驚人的；了不起的”。 8．similarities　設(shè)空處作謂語動(dòng)詞shared的賓語，應(yīng)用名詞；similarity為可數(shù)名詞，所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 9．further　根據(jù)后面的標(biāo)志詞than可知，此處用比較級(jí)。 10．a(chǎn)nd　between ...and ...為固定搭配，意為“在……和……之間”。