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寒假訓(xùn)練09 Unit 4 Global warming 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 1. —Sorry, I’m late. I got stuck in traffic. —________.You’re here now. Come in and sit down. A. You are welcome B. That’s right C. I have no idea D. Never mind. 2. —I am in great trouble now. —You may depend on ________ that all of us will support you. A. that B. it C. one D. / 3. When you decide to start a family, you make a(n) ________ to them. You don’t turn your back on the people who love you. A. contribution B. commitment C. devotion D. effort 4. For years, scientists have been worried about the ________ of air pollution on the earth’s natural conditions. A. effect B. result C. account D. cause 5. —That’s a great sweater. I have never seen anything like it before. —You think so? My grandmother ________ it for me. A. makes B. made C. has made D. had made 6. —How do you like your trip to Taiwan? —________, I enjoyed it very much, although the weather was hot sometimes. A. In addition B. On the whole C. In other words D. On the other hand 7. John was dismissed last week because of his ________attitude towards his job. A. informal B. casual C. tough D. violent 8. It was _______ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go 9. —Do you ________the idea of living a lowcarbon life? —It sounds tough, but it is a tendency. A. correspond to B. apply to C. cater to D. subscribe to 10. As a result of destroying the forest, a large ________ of desert ________ covered the land. A. number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; have 二、單句改錯(cuò) 11. Quantities of soil has been washed away because so many trees were cut down. _______________________________________________________________________________ 12. Comparing to our small flat, Bill’s house seemed like a palace. _______________________________________________________________________________ 13. When it comes to speak in public, no one can match him. _______________________________________________________________________________ 14. I’d like to eat out, but in the other hand I should save money. _______________________________________________________________________________ 15. The two parties are holding the talk in a friendly atmosphere at present. Hopefully, they will reach an agree. _______________________________________________________________________________ 16. Were I ten years younger, I will study abroad. _______________________________________________________________________________ 17. With more forest destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are being washed away. _______________________________________________________________________________ 18. I have never subscribed the view that schools days are the happiest days of your life. _______________________________________________________________________________ 19. A number of new machines were introduced from abroad, resulted in an increase in production. _______________________________________________________________________________ 20. Tom will attend the important conference on a behalf of his parents. _______________________________________________________________________________ 三、完成句子 21. _______________suggested that he go to Beijing for further study.(是她建議他去北京深造。) 22. It(導(dǎo)致了一系列的) environmental problems. 23. He will come to your birthday party on time(即使下雨). 24.(這種情況是怎樣產(chǎn)生的) that there is more than one kind of English in the world? 25. Since he is so important a figure, nobody can be(代表他). 四、七選五 【2017-2018學(xué)年湖南省衡陽市第八中學(xué)高二下學(xué)期3月月考試題】As warming continues, scientists warn the oxygen content of oceans across the planet could be more and more reduced, with serious consequences for the future of fish and other sea life. 26 One is the simple fact that as water gets warmer, it can hold less dissolved (溶解的) oxygen. The other reason is less obvious. The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surface—either from the atmosphere, or from photosynthesizing algae floating at the top of the sea. 27 Global warming is expected to reduce the mixing of the ocean by making surface seawater lighter. That’s because in a warmer world we can expect more rainfall and more melting (融化) of glaciers, icebergs, and ice sheets. 28 The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will also make surface water expand and thus make it lighter still. 29 Instead, more of the oxygen will remain near the surface, where it will be used up by oxygenbreathing organisms. A lowoxygen ocean may become an inescapable feature of our planet. A team of Danish researchers wondered how long oxygen levels would drop if we could somehow reduce our carbon dioxide emissions to zero by 2100. They determined that over the next few thousand years oxygen levels would continue to fall, until they declined by 30 percent. The oxygen would slowly return to the oceans, but even 100,000 years from now they will not have fully recovered. 30 A. It’s not known why the oxygen level of oceans has reduced. B. Scientists point to two reasons to expect a drop in ocean oxygen. C. Fresh water’s inpouring will make the water at the ocean’s surface lighter. D. The oxygen then spreads to the deep ocean as the surface water slowly sinks. E. Global warming has caused the reduction of the oxygen content of oceans worldwide. F. The light surface water will be less likely to sink so the deep ocean will get less oxygen. G. If they are right, we have every reason to worry about the major effect it has on sea life. 五、書面表達(dá) 【2018-2019學(xué)年河南省鄭州市第一中學(xué)高二上學(xué)期入學(xué)測試英語試題】假如你是李華，你的英國朋友Tom來信詢問霧霾嚴(yán)重時(shí)你校如何保證正常上課。請你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)給Tom回信： 1. 政府在為學(xué)校安裝新風(fēng)系統(tǒng)； 2. 家長在為學(xué)校捐贈空氣凈化器； 3. 學(xué)校減少學(xué)生不必要的戶外活動(dòng)。 參考詞匯：霧霾haze；新風(fēng)系統(tǒng)fresh air system；空氣凈化器air purifier 注意：1. 詞數(shù)100 左右； 2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________  寒假訓(xùn)練09 Unit 4 Global warming 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 【答案】 1-5 DBBAB 6-10 BBCDB 【解析】 1. 考查交際用語。句意：——很抱歉我遲到了。路上堵車了?！獩]關(guān)系。你來了就好，進(jìn)來坐吧。Never mind“沒關(guān)系，不要緊”，符合語境。 2. 考查固定句型。句意：——我現(xiàn)在遇到大麻煩了?！憧梢韵嘈盼覀兯械娜硕紝⒅С帜恪epend on it that...“相信/指望……”，為固定句型，it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是that引導(dǎo)的從句的內(nèi)容。 3. 考查名詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)你決定建立一個(gè)家庭的時(shí)候，你就對他們有了一份承諾/委托，你不能不理會愛你的人。commitment“委托，承諾”；contribution“貢獻(xiàn)”；devotion“奉獻(xiàn)”；effort“努力”。句中的turn one’s back on意為“不理睬”。 4. 考查名詞。句意：許多年來，科學(xué)家們一直擔(dān)心空氣污染對地球的自然環(huán)境帶來的影響。effect“影響”；result“結(jié)果”；account“敘述，賬目”；cause“原因，事業(yè)”。根據(jù)句意及on可知此處為effect。 5. 考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——那是件很漂亮的毛衣。我以前從來沒見過這樣的?！阏娴倪@么認(rèn)為嗎？我奶奶給我織的。根據(jù)語境可知make是過去的動(dòng)作，所以用一般過去時(shí)。A.指現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；C.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用于強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果；D.過去完成時(shí)表達(dá)在過去的時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前完成的事。 6. 考查介詞短語。句意：——你的臺灣之旅怎么樣？——從總體上說，我很喜歡這次旅行，盡管有時(shí)天氣有點(diǎn)熱。in addition“另外”；on the whole“從整體上說”；in other words“換句話說”；on the other hand“另一方面”。 7. 考查形容詞辨析。句意：約翰上周被開除是因?yàn)樗麑Υぷ鞯膽B(tài)度太隨便。informal“非正式的”；tough“強(qiáng)硬的，艱苦的”；violent“暴力的”。 8. 考查固定句型。not...until...句型變?yōu)閺?qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，不用when引導(dǎo)，要用that 引導(dǎo)，that后的從句用陳述語序。 9. 考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意：——你支持過低碳生活的想法嗎？——聽起來牽強(qiáng)，但它是一種趨勢。subscribe to“支持”；correspond to“與……相對應(yīng)”；apply to“適用于”；cater to“迎合”。 10. 考查主謂一致。第一空填quantity，因?yàn)閍 number of修飾可數(shù)名詞，第二空填has，因?yàn)閍 large quantity of desert是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語保持一致，句意是：由于森林的毀壞，大量的沙漠覆蓋了土地。選B。 二、單句改錯(cuò) 【答案】 11. has改為have 12. Comparing改為Compared 13. speak 改為 speaking 14. in改為on 15. agree改為agreement 16. will 改為 would 17. destroyed前加 being 18. subscribed 后加 to 19. resulted 改為resulting 20. 去掉a 【解析】 11. 考查主謂一致?！皅uantities of”是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞則與復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。 12. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。our small flat 被與Bill’s house比較，表示被動(dòng)用Compared。 13. 考查動(dòng)名詞用法。When it comes to接n.或動(dòng)名詞，意為“當(dāng)談到……”。 14. 考查固定短語。on the other hand “在另一方面”。 15. 考查名詞。句意：兩黨之間正在友好的氛圍中交談。希望他們能達(dá)成協(xié)議。 16.考查虛擬語氣。該題為if虛擬條件句的省略倒裝，仍是對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，從句用一般過去時(shí)（were），主句用would/could/might/should+動(dòng)詞原形，故此處需將will改為would。 17. 考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：隨著更多森林被毀，每年有許多良田被沖走。forest 與destroy之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)形式。 18. 考查固定短語。subscribe to 意為“同意，訂閱”。 19. 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。resulting在句中作結(jié)果狀語，與主語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。 20.考查固定短語。on behalf of 意為“代表”。 三、完成句子 【答案】 21. It was she who /that 22. results in a wide range of 23. even if it rains 24. How does it come about 25. on behalf of him 四、七選五 【語篇解析】本文是說明文。文章簡要介紹了海水中氧氣含量降低的主要原因及其可能對海洋生物帶來的長期的影響。 【答案】26-30 BDCFG 【解析】 26. 主旨概括句。從文章篇章結(jié)構(gòu)分析，本空為段落主旨句。本段介紹了全球變暖使海洋含氧量降低的原因，并且 “One” “The other reason”與B項(xiàng)中的 “two reasons”相呼應(yīng)，故選B。 27. 細(xì)節(jié)支撐句。根據(jù)段落主旨和空前的 “The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surface... at the top of the sea”可知，此處是通過說明海洋中氧氣的來源與循環(huán)來解釋海洋含氧量下降的原因的，故D項(xiàng)“然后，隨著表層海水的慢慢下沉，氧氣擴(kuò)散至海洋深處”符合語境。 28.細(xì)節(jié)支撐句。根據(jù)空前的內(nèi)容和常識可知，雨水和冰川、冰山及冰原融水都屬于淡水，海洋中的水是咸水，而淡水的密度比咸水的小，因此淡水的注入會使海洋表面的水變得更輕。故C項(xiàng)符合語境。C項(xiàng)中的 “make the water... lighter”與下文中的 “make it lighter”的對應(yīng)關(guān)系亦是提示。 29.細(xì)節(jié)支撐句。根據(jù)空前的 “The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will...”和空后的 “Instead, more of the oxygen will remain...”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)與空前的句子的句式相同，且與空后的句子的內(nèi)容存在語意上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故F項(xiàng)符合語境。 30.細(xì)節(jié)支撐句。G 項(xiàng)中的 “they”與上文中的 “A team of Danish researchers”相呼應(yīng)，且上文講到即使我們把二氧化碳的排放降低到零，海洋含氧量也需要很長時(shí)間才能恢復(fù)，其對海洋生物造成的影響將是長期的，故G項(xiàng)“如果他們是對的，那么我們完全有理由對它對海洋生物的重大影響感到擔(dān)憂”符合語境。 五、書面表達(dá) 【答案】 Dear Tom, I am writing in response to your concern about ways of ensuring normal teaching activities in our school in case of heavy haze. Thanks for your concern anyway. Several parties are involved in fighting haze. First of all, the government has funded the installation of the fresh air system. Second, enthusiastic parents have donated enough air purifiers which help improve the air quality. What’s more, our school limits the time for outdoor activities, exposing us to as little polluted air as possible. Thanks to the joint efforts, we are now enjoying our school life. Yours, Li Hua