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Unit 1 Living well (選修7　Unit 1) 【短文語(yǔ)法填空】 The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3 (able) to ＂air condition＂ a house without 4 (use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 (cool) the house during the hot day; 7 the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 8 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 9 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 【文章大意】土坯房比現(xiàn)在的房子好在冬暖夏涼?，F(xiàn)代的建筑師都很羨慕這樣的房子不用空調(diào)就能很好地調(diào)節(jié)室內(nèi)的溫度， 關(guān)鍵是這房子的墻的厚度。 1. built 【解析】考査非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。本句的主語(yǔ)是The adobe dwellings，謂語(yǔ)是are admired，因此空白處不需要謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的、已完成的動(dòng)作。 2. the 【解析】考査冠詞。形容詞最高級(jí)前用定冠詞the。 3. ability 【解析】考査詞性轉(zhuǎn)化。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作表語(yǔ)，且前有their修飾，故填名詞ability。 4. using 【解析】考査非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞without后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。 5. slowly 【解析】考査詞性轉(zhuǎn)化。修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞。 6. to cool 【解析】考査固定結(jié)構(gòu)/考査非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。enough to do表示＂足以……＂，不定式短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。 7. at 【解析】考査介詞/固定搭配。at the same time表示＂同時(shí)＂，是固定搭配。 8. goes 9. natural 【解析】考査詞性轉(zhuǎn)化。修飾名詞應(yīng)用形容詞。 10. how 【解析】考査名詞性從句的連接詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 “Well,I made it,” says Greg Daniels with a smile. Recently there have been news reports and television shows reporting on the quality of school lunches.According to federal guidelines,French fries count as a serving of vegetables.Many parents and others are upset that a salty,deep-fried food is replacing healthier options like carrot sticks.As a result,the potato—what French fries are made of—has been getting a bad rap. “The problem is not the potato,” insists Greg.“Potatoes are very healthy.But any food,even the carrot or lettuce(生菜),will be less healthy if it’s cooked in grease(油脂).” Two months ago,Greg decided to eat nothing but potatoes for 60 days.As a high school science teacher and son of a potato farmer,he wanted to do something to draw attention to potatoes as a healthy food and a good choice as part of anyone’s regular meals. “It’s been an interesting experience,”Greg said.“For a while,I wasn’t sure I would make it.I was pretty tired of eating potatoes after a few weeks.” But for Greg there were some benefits that he hadn’t expected.He’s lost 15 pounds and he feels better than he has in years.“I have so much more energy,”he says.“I’ve been running and playing on a local basketball team,and I feel like I’m playing as well as I did when I was in high school.” And Greg has gotten a lot of attention,much more than he expected.“It’s been fantastic.Thousands of people have read my blog.I’ve been sharing recipes and talking about the experience.Every day I get to tell people what a great idea it is to eat potatoes.” Greg is glad to be back to a normal diet,but he still eats potatoes at least 5 or 6 times a week.“Everyone should!” he says with a smile.“Potatoes are healthy and taste great!” 1.What does the underlined part “getting a bad rap” in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Receiving little attention. B.Obtaining an unfair judgement. C.Getting more and more popular. D.Being good for people’s health. 2.Why did Greg decide to eat potatoes only? A.Because potatoes are cheap. B.To draw attention to himself. C.To prove that potatoes are healthy. D.Because he loves potatoes very much. 3.After eating potatoes for a few weeks,Greg 　　　. A.gave up his plan B.put on some weight C.became less healthy D.was sick of potatoes 4.After eating potatoes for 60 days,Greg 　　　. A.became a little weak B.became much healthier C.could not eat potatoes any more D.decided to keep eating potatoes only B Grandparents who help out occasionally with childcare in their munity tend to live longer than seniors who do not care for other people，according to a study from Berlin，Germany. “Having no contact with grandchildren at all can negatively impact grandparents health.This link could be deeply rooted in our evolutionary past when help with childcare was important for the survival of the human species，”said Sonja Hilbrand，one of the researchers. The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70.Overall，after accounting for grandparents age and general state of health，the risk of dying over a 20year period was onethird lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren，pared with grandparents who provided no childcare. Caregiving was associated with a longer life even when the care receiver wasnt a relative.Half of all childless seniors who provided support to friends or neighbors lived for seven years after the study began，while nonhelpers lived for four years on average. “Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society.Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active，”said Professor Bruno Arpino. Arpino noted，however, that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health and that too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working，being in social clubs，or volunteering.“Children should take_into_account their parents needs，willingness，and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare，”he suggested. “It is very important that every individual decides for himself/herself, what ‘proper amounts of help means，”Hilbrand said，adding，“As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity (強(qiáng)度)of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.” 1．What is the caregiving study based on? A．Human evolutionary history. B．Demand of modern society. C．Social contact between relatives. D．Data on many elderly people. 2．In Arpinos opinion，childcare ________. A．is sure to keep old people away from illnesses B．a(chǎn)llows old people to live a more meaningful life C．creates more job opportunities for old people D．makes social activities inaccessible to old people 3．What does the underlined part“take into account”in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A．Limit. B．Ignore. C．Favor. D．Consider. 4．What does the last paragraph tell us? A．Grandparents can do anything in their own interests. B．Grandparents should share more social responsibilities. C．Proper amounts of childcare do good to grandparents. D．Caregiving guarantees every grandparent a longer life. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】德國(guó)柏林一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，祖父母適當(dāng)?shù)貛兔φ疹檶O輩比不照顧孫輩的老年人壽命長(zhǎng)。 難句分析：Overall, after accounting for grandparents age and general state of health，the risk of dying over a 20year period was onethird lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren, pared with grandparents who provided no childcare. 分析：本句為主從復(fù)合句。其中，Overall在此為副詞，在句中作狀語(yǔ)；after為介詞，其后接動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)；兩個(gè)who均引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句pared with grandparents who...為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。 譯文：總的來(lái)說(shuō)，在考慮祖父母的年齡和大致的健康狀況后，與那些沒(méi)照顧孫輩的祖父母相比，那些照顧孫輩的祖父母在20年間的死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要低三分之一。 1．D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70.可知，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)是從對(duì)500多個(gè)70歲以上的老人的數(shù)據(jù)分析得來(lái)的。故選D項(xiàng)。 2．B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的Arpinos opinion定位至文章第五段中的“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society...”可知，看護(hù)小孩讓看護(hù)人覺(jué)得生活有了目的，因?yàn)樗麄冇X(jué)得自己對(duì)他人和社會(huì)是有用的，也就是說(shuō)，看護(hù)小孩可以使他們感覺(jué)生活得有意義。故選B項(xiàng)。 3．D　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文中too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities及后面的“...their parents needs，willingness，and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare，”可知，過(guò)多的照看責(zé)任會(huì)使老人無(wú)法從事其他有意義的活動(dòng)，所以孩子應(yīng)考慮老人的需求、意愿和渴求，同意他們照顧孩子的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度和強(qiáng)度的選擇。由此可猜測(cè)，take into account意為“考慮”，與consider意義相近。故選D項(xiàng)。 4．C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.”可知，只要你幫忙的強(qiáng)度不會(huì)讓你感到有壓力，這對(duì)他人、對(duì)你自己都是有好處的。由此可知，適當(dāng)?shù)卣疹櫺『?duì)祖父母有好處。故選C項(xiàng)。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2016沈陽(yáng)第一次質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)) I was 11 when you were born,and in your first few years I often looked after you,bathed and dressed you and took you out for walks.I have 　1　 memories of your childhood.Of 　2　you up as a “rock star”.Of watching you dance 　3　nightclothes.Of your insistence that I make your school lunch 　4　 I put so much more peanut butter on your 　5　than anyone else.Of the 　6　phone call we ever had—an echo(共鳴)of my own university years—when you wanted to 　7　university and study dance. Since we have grown up,I have lived through you,although you may not know it.You had the opportunity I so 　8　wanted but never got—to train in the dancing arts.I encouraged our parents to support you because I have always 　9　 how my life would be if they hadn’t chosen a(n)　10　career path for me,their eldest child. I know you have 　11　to hunt for work and confidence,and that you probably wonder sometimes if you made the right choice.　12　,I am happy for you and proud that I played some small role in helping you to 　13　a dream. There’s a 　14　between us now.It has grown since I first left home,and in the 　15　 I missed your teenage years.That 　16　 me greatly.I imagine that you believe we have very little in mon—a 　17　in the city and a biologist in West Africa—but in you I 　18　some of my own dreams realized. But beyond that,even at 12 or 13 I felt as much a mother to you as an older sister.So,on the rare 　19　 when we see each other,I want to know everything,from your concerns,hopes to delights. I wish,there were an arm’s 　20　 between us.I hope we can one day be sisters or friends again.I still make a tasty peanut butter sandwich for you. 1.A.vivid　　　　　　　　　　B.painful C.admirable D.awful 2.A.putting B.dressing C.making D.picking 3.A.with B.as C.in D.for 4.A.although B.because C.when D.if 5.A.sandwiches B.lunch C.bread D.pies 6.A.simplest B.farthest C.loudest D.longest 7.A.give in to B.look away from C.go in for D.drop out of 8.A.badly B.hardly C.perfectly D.naturally 9.A.believed B.understood C.wondered D.regretted 10.A.traditional B.original C.official D.special 11.A.managed B.struggled C.refused D.preferred 12.A.Besides B.Instead C.However D.Otherwise 13.A.choose B.support C.have D.follow 14.A.promise B.quarrel C.distance D.plan 15.A.direction B.process C.environment D.experience 16.A.shocks B.forts C.upsets D.moves 17.A.rock star B.performer C.professor D.dancer 18.A.see B.remember C.guess D.keep 19.A.vacations B.stages C.spots D.occasions 20.A.length B.width C.depth D.height Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) On the morning of the Olympics,I felt forcing to watch Elizabeth’s Olympic event.I cheered as she crossed a finish line—the second place.She smiled as she stood on the award platform,and tears slipped down his cheeks.She told the crowd,“I especially want thank my grandpa for believing in me when I have no one else.”I found her late.I said,“Congratulation!”As we talked,she said that she and her parents were hit by a drunken driver at three years ago.She was the only survivor.Elizabeth smiled but hugged her grandpa.“Everyone gave up hope whether I would walk again.My grandpa was the only one who doesn’t.” 考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練(選修7　Unit 1) Ⅰ.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。一位高中教師通過(guò)堅(jiān)持60天內(nèi)只吃土豆來(lái)證明土豆是健康的食品。 1.B　詞義猜測(cè)題。由上文的“...French fries count as a serving of vegetables.Many parents and others are upset that a salty,deep-fried food is replacing healthier options like carrot sticks.”及下文的“‘The problem is not the potato,’ insists Greg...if it’s cooked in grease.”可推斷,很多家長(zhǎng)和其他人為學(xué)校午餐中用炸薯?xiàng)l代替了健康的食品感到沮喪,所以炸薯?xiàng)l的原料土豆得到了不公平的評(píng)價(jià)。而格雷格認(rèn)為炸薯?xiàng)l不健康主要問(wèn)題不在于土豆而在于烹飪方式。 2.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“...he wanted to do something to draw attention to potatoes as a healthy food and a good choice as part of anyone’s regular meals.”可知,格雷格之所以決定只吃土豆是為了證明土豆是健康食品。 3.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段中的“I was pretty tired of eating potatoes after a few weeks.”可知。 4.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第三段中的“He’s lost 15 pounds and he feels better...”可知,連續(xù)60天吃土豆后,格雷格變得更加健康了。 Ⅱ.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了作者陪伴妹妹成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴。 1.A　根據(jù)空后的以of開(kāi)頭的句子可知,此處指“我”對(duì)你的童年有清晰的(vivid)記憶。painful意為“痛苦的”;admirable意為“值得贊賞的”;awful意為“可怕的”。故A項(xiàng)正確。 2.B　把你裝扮成“搖滾明星”。put sb.up意為“推薦”;dress sb.up意為“裝扮”;make sb.up意為“化妝”;pick sb.up意為“接某人”。故B項(xiàng)正確。 3.C　看你穿著睡衣跳舞。in意為“穿著,戴著”,故C項(xiàng)正確。 4.B　你堅(jiān)持讓“我”給你做學(xué)校午餐是因?yàn)?because)“我”在你的三明治(sandwiches)里放了比別人多很多的花生醬。because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。故B項(xiàng)正確。 5.A　參照第4題解析。文章的最后一句“I still make a tasty peanut butter sandwich for you.”是提示。 6.D　當(dāng)你想退學(xué)(drop out of)去學(xué)習(xí)舞蹈時(shí),我們?cè)?jīng)打過(guò)時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的(longest)電話。simplest意為“最簡(jiǎn)單的”;farthest意為“最遠(yuǎn)的”;loudest意為“最大聲的”。故D項(xiàng)正確。 7.D　參照第6題解析。give in to意為“屈服,讓步”;look away from意為“把目光從……移開(kāi)”;go in for意為“參加考試,愛(ài)好”。故D項(xiàng)正確。 8.A　你有“我”非常(badly)想得到但是卻從沒(méi)有得到過(guò)的機(jī)會(huì)。hardly意為“幾乎不”;perfectly意為“完美地”;naturally意為“自然地”。故A項(xiàng)正確。 9.C　“我”總是想知道(wonder)如果他們沒(méi)有為“我”選擇一條傳統(tǒng)的(traditional)職業(yè)道路,“我”的生活將會(huì)是怎樣的。believe意為“相信”;understand意為“理解”;regret意為“后悔”。故C項(xiàng)正確。 10.A　參照第9題解析。original意為“起初的”;official意為“官方的”;special意為“特別的”。故A項(xiàng)正確。 11.B　“我”知道你曾經(jīng)努力(struggle)尋找工作和自信。manage意為“完成(困難的事)”;refuse意為“拒絕”;prefer意為“偏愛(ài)”。故B項(xiàng)正確。 12.C　然而(however),“我”為你高興并且讓“我”自豪的是在幫助你追逐(follow)夢(mèng)想的過(guò)程中“我”起了一點(diǎn)兒作用。besides意為“況且”;instead意為“代替”;otherwise意為“否則”。故C項(xiàng)正確。 13.D　參照第12題解析。choose意為“選擇”;support意為“支持”;have意為“有”。故D項(xiàng)正確。 14.C　根據(jù)下文的left home,missed可知,此處指現(xiàn)在我們之間有一些距離(distance)。promise意為“承諾”;quarrel意為“爭(zhēng)吵”;plan意為“計(jì)劃”。故C項(xiàng)正確。 15.B　在這個(gè)過(guò)程(process)中,“我”錯(cuò)過(guò)了你的青少年時(shí)期。direction意為“方向”;environment意為“環(huán)境”;experience意為“經(jīng)歷”。故B項(xiàng)正確。 16.C　那使“我”很沮喪(upset)。shock意為“使震驚”;fort意為“安慰”;move意為“使感動(dòng)”。故C項(xiàng)正確。 17.D　根據(jù)上文的study dance,to train in the dancing arts可知,此處指一名在城市里的舞者(dancer)和一名在西非的生物學(xué)家。rock star意為“搖滾明星”;performer意為“表演者”;professor意為“教授”。故D項(xiàng)正確。 18.A　但是在你的身上,“我”看到(see)了自己的一些夢(mèng)想得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。remember意為“記起”;guess意為“猜測(cè)”;keep意為“保持”。故A項(xiàng)正確。 19.D　此處指我們不多的幾次見(jiàn)面。vacation意為“假期”;stage意為“舞臺(tái)”;spot意為“地點(diǎn)”;occasion意為“時(shí)刻,時(shí)候”。故D項(xiàng)正確。 20.A　“我”希望我們之間只有一臂長(zhǎng)(length)的距離。width意為“寬度”;depth意為“深度”;height意為“高度”。故A項(xiàng)正確。 Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) 　　On the morning of the Olympics,I felt forcingforced to watch Elizabeth’s Olympic event.I cheered as she crossed athe finish line—the second place.She smiled as she stood on the award platform,and tears slipped down hisher cheeks.She told the crowd,“I especially want thank my grandpa for believing in me when I have no one else.”I found her latelater.I said,“CongratulationCongratulations!”As we talked,she said that she and her parents were hit by a drunken driver at three years ago.She was the only survivor.Elizabeth smiled butand hugged her grandpa.“Everyone gave up hope whetherthat I would walk again.My grandpa was the only one who doesn’t.”