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第9練 社會(huì) 基礎(chǔ)鞏固 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．InKorea，youshouldtakeoffyourshoesbefore____________(enter) ahouse. 2．Weliveinasociety____________exchanginggiftsisanimportantpartofcommunication. 3．You’dsoundalotmorepoliteifyoumakearequestin____________formofaquestion. 4．Noonecanavoid____________(influence) byadvertising; itiseverywhere. 5．Whenyougotoaforeigncountry，youmustadaptyourself____________newcustomsassoonaspossible. 6．Asweallknow，successliesinhardworkwhilelazinessleadsto____________(fail)． 7．Only____________(educate) peoplecanhaveagoodunderstandingofthelecturegivenbytheprofessor. 8．Itisillegaltoreproducetheseworksheetswithout____________(permit) fromthepublisher. 9．AftermysonarrivedinAmerica，hefoundhimselflivingina____________(complete) foreignculture. 10．Ifthehumanpopulationhadn’tincreasedsorapidly，peoplewouldhavehadmore____________(free)． Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤) 11．Oneshouldlearnfrompastmistakessoastoavoidfallintothesameoldtrapagain. 12．Itisbadmannerforustostareataforeignerforalongtime. 13．Thefactisthatsuchcasuallydresswouldnotbecorrectforaformaloccasion. 14．Theconsideratehostesshadtheinvitationbeingdeliveredaweekbeforetheparty. 15．Ican’tbelievemybestfriendliedwithme—itseemssooutofcharacter. 16．Iholdthebeliefthatonlywheneverybodymakesaneffortcanoursocietybewarmandmoreharmonious. 17．Ifyouknockintosomeonebyaccident，you’dbettersaysorryforhim/her. 18．Inmostcases，menandwomenaretreatedequalineducationandemploymentinourcountry. 19．Idon’thaveagoodcommandofEnglish，soI’mafraidI’llhavedifficultyfitinverysoon. 20．Sometimesasmileisverypowerfulthatitgivespeoplesufferingfromdisastersgreatcourage. 話題詞匯 1．manners n．禮貌 2．experience v．&n．經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn) 3．respect the local custom尊重當(dāng)?shù)仫L(fēng)俗 4．celebrate vt.慶祝 5．traditional adj.傳統(tǒng)的 6．know the history of...了解……的歷史 7．culture n．文化 8．exchange ideas交換觀點(diǎn) 9．recommend v．勸告；建議；推薦 10．fit in融入，適應(yīng) 能力提升 Ⅲ.閱讀理解 A (2018安徽合肥二檢) TheatersofthePast TheGreekTheater TheatersdevelopedinmanypartsofGreece.AncientGreektheaterswerebuiltinnaturalopenairsitesonconvenientlyshapedhills.Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime.Duetothis，actorsplacedemphasisonexaggerated(夸張的) actionandspeech.Andcolorfulsymbolicmasksandcostumeswereused. TheMedievalTheater TheMedievaltheaterstartedinchurches.That’swhymedievalplayswereaboutBiblestories.Atfirst，itbecameacustomforpriests(牧師) toactoutbriefscenesduringChristmasandEaster.Theseactsattractedlargecrowds.Finallythechurchrefusedtoallowprieststoparticipateinanysucheventsagain，soordinarypeoplebegantheseperformancesoutside.Performancesweresetinthetownsquare，withseveralstagesettingsaroundit. TheElizabethanTheater TheEngland’stheaterdevelopedrapidlyintheyearsfollowingthedefeatoftheSpanishNavy.ThedominantfeatureofElizabethantheaterwasthestage.Ithasthreeparts：theforestageforoutsidescenes；theinnerstageforscenesinsideabuilding; anupperstageorbalconyforvariouspurposes.Thereasonforthisdesignisthattherewerenoscenechanges，orbreaksduringtheplay.Verylittlescenerywasused，sotheactorshadtocreateascenethroughtheirvoicesanddialogues.Thisledtoamorepoeticscript，andpoetsbecamethemainsourceofscriptwriting. TheRestorationTheater Someoftheplaystoldsadstories，butthemajorityoftheplayswerereallyfunny.Manyspecializedmachineswereusedtocreatethescene.Thestagewasaverycleveridea，inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters(百葉窗) werepaintedwiththescene. 21．WhywereancientGreektheatersbuiltonhills? A．Toholdalargeaudience. B．Tobuildabigandstrongstage. C．Tohaveabettersoundeffect. D．Toemphasizeexaggeratedperformances. 22．Inwhichtheatercouldactors’voicesandspeechhelpcreatescenes? A．TheGreekTheater. B．TheMedievalTheater. C．TheElizabethanTheater. D．TheRestorationTheater. 23．WhatisspecialabouttheRestorationTheater? A．Colorfulmaskswereused. B．Thestagewassmartlydesigned. C．Mostofitsplaysweresorrowful. D．Ordinarypeopleweretheperformers. B (2018山西太原二模) MirroringChina’sPast：EmperorsandTheirBronzes Chinesebronzes(青銅) ofthesecondandfirstmillenniaBCaresomeofthemostdistinctiveachievementsinthehistoryofart.Thesevessels(容器) weremadetocarrysacrificialofferings，touseinburialortohonornoblefamiliesinpublicceremonies.Whentheywerefoundbyemperorscenturieslater，thesespirituallysignificantobjectswereseenassignsofheavenlymessagesaboutaruleroradynastyandbecameprizeditemsinroyalcollections.Thisexhibition—thefirsttoexploretheseancientobjectsthroughoutChinesehistory—presentsarareopportunitytoexperiencealargenumberoftheseworkstogetherintheUnitedStates. UnlikeGreekandRomanbronzesculpturesofhumanandanimalforms，mostobjectsfromBronzeAgeChina(about2000－221BC) werevesselsforceremonialuse.BeginningwiththeSongDynasty(960－1279)，emperorsunearthedthesesymbolicworksandbegancollectingthem，consideringthemtobeevidenceoftheirownauthorityasrulers.Inadditiontoimpressivecollections，theroyalfascinationwithbronzesledtothecreationofnumerousreproductionsandthecomprehensivecataloguingofpalaceholdings.Thesecataloguesareworksofartthemselves，featuringbeautifuldrawingsanddetaileddescriptionsofeachobject. Fromthe12thcenturyonward，scholarsandartistsalsoengagedincollectingandunderstandingancientbronzes.Unlikeemperors，scholarsregardedbronzesasmaterialevidenceoftheireffortstorecoverandreconstructthepast，andtheyoccasionallyexchangedthemastokens(象征) offriendship.TodayancientbronzesstilloccupyaprimarypositioninChineseculture—ashistoricalobjectsandassignifiersofanimportantculturalheritagethatinspiresnewgenerations，asseenintheworksofcontemporaryartistsonviewinthispresentation. MirroringChina’sPastbringstogetherapproximately180worksfromtheArtInstituteofChicago’sstrongholdingsandfromthePalaceMuseuminBeijing，theShanghaiMuseum，andimportantmuseumsandprivatecollectionsintheUnitedStates.Byprovidingviewerswithanewunderstandingofancientbronzesandtheirsignificancethroughtime，theexhibitiondemonstratesChina’sfascinatinghistoryanditsdevelopingpresent. 24．InwhatwayareChinesebronzesdifferentfromGreekandRomanones? A．Theyfascinatedtheroyalfamily. B．Theytookanimalorhumanforms. C．Theyservedceremonialpurposes. D．Theywereimportantculturalheritage. 25．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofcataloguesofbronzes? A．Unreal. B．Creative. C．Artistic. D．Necessary. 26．Whatcanweinferabouttheexhibitionaccordingtothetext? A．ItisheldinChina. B．Itisarrangedbytime. C．Itisorganizedbyscholars. D．Itincludesmodernartworks. 27．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“holdings”inthelastparagraphreferto? A．Viewers. B．Collections. C．Museums. D．Artdealers. Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) (2018福建三明質(zhì)檢) Knowingthatourschoolisgoingtobuybooks，I’dliketogiveanyadvice.Whatweneedmostarepopularsciencebooks，whichexplainbasicprinciplesofnatureinasimplyandinterestingway.Theyhelpedusunderstandsciencesubjectsbetterandbecomecuriouswithscientificdiscoveries.Inadditiontoreadforknowledge，wereadforthefunandinspiration.ThatisbecauseIrecommendanothercategoryofbooks：literarybooks.Classicworks，writtenbymaster，presentgreatthoughtsthroughfascinatingstories.Theynotonlymakeusjoyful，andencourageustothinkcritically.Iwouldappreciateifyoucanconsidermyrecommendation. 答案解析 Ⅰ.1.entering　2.where　3.the　4.beinginfluenced　5.to6．failure　7.educated　8.permission　9.completely　10.freedom Ⅱ.11.Oneshouldlearnfrompastmistakessoastoavoidintothesameoldtrapagain. 12．Itisbadforustostareataforeignerforalongtime. 13．Thefactisthatsuchdresswouldnotbecorrectforaformaloccasion. 14．Theconsideratehostesshadtheinvitationbeingdeliveredaweekbeforetheparty. 15．Ican’tbelievemybestfriendliedme—itseemssooutofcharacter. 16．Iholdthebeliefthatonlywheneverybodymakesaneffortcanoursocietybeandmoreharmonious. 17．Ifyouknockintosomeonebyaccident，you’dbettersaysorryhim/her. 18．Inmostcases，menandwomenaretreatedineducationandemploymentinourcountry. 19．Idon’thaveagoodcommandofEnglish，soI’mafraidI’llhavedifficultyinverysoon. 20．Sometimesasmileispowerfulthatitgivespeoplesufferingfromdisastersgreatcourage. Ⅲ. 21．A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Greek Theater部分中的“This allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time.”可知，希臘劇院建在山上是為了能讓眾多的觀眾看演出。故選A。] 22．C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Elizabethan Theater標(biāo)題下的倒數(shù)第二句“Very little scenery was used，so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues.”可知，在Elizabethan Theater，演員的聲音和對(duì)白能幫助創(chuàng)設(shè)場(chǎng)景。故選C。] 23．B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)The Restoration Theater部分中的“The stage was a very clever idea，in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters(百葉窗)were painted with the scene.”可知，Restoration Theater的舞臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)巧妙。故選B。] 24．C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段首句“Unlike Greek and Roman bronze sculptures of human and animal forms，most objects from Bronze Age China(about 2000－221 BC) were vessels for ceremonial use.”可知，中國的青銅器和希臘、羅馬的青銅器的不同之處在于中國的青銅器大多用于儀式典禮，也就是禮器，故選C。] 25．C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“These catalogues are works of art themselves，featuring beautiful drawings and detailed descriptions of each object.”可知，作者認(rèn)為青銅器目錄本身就是藝術(shù)品，配有美麗的圖畫和每件物品的詳細(xì)的描述。故選C。] 26．D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“...the exhibition demonstrates China’s fascinating history and its developing present”可知，這次展覽展示了中國迷人的歷史和目前的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，由此推斷展品中也包括現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)作品。故選D。] 27．B　[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指來自芝加哥藝術(shù)學(xué)院的大量的收藏品?！癶oldings”指收藏品，與collections同義，故選B。] Ⅳ. Knowingthatourschoolisgoingtobuybooks，I’dliketogiveadvice.Whatweneedmostarepopularsciencebooks，whichexplainbasicprinciplesofnatureinaandinterestingway.Theyusunderstandsciencesubjectsbetterandbecomecuriousscientificdiscoveries.Inadditiontoforknowledge，wereadforthe funandinspiration.ThatisIrecommendanothercategoryofbooks：literarybooks.Classicworks，writtenby，presentgreatthoughtsthroughfascinatingstories.Theynotonlymakeusjoyful，encourageustothinkcritically.Iwouldappreciateifyoucanconsidermyrecommendation.