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1、conversation. A new play is coming to" The Globe" soon, I said. Will you be seeing it ? No, she answered. Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year ? I asked. No, she answered. Will you be staying in England? I asked. No, she answered. In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying h

2、er dinner. Young man, she answered, if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner ! lesson41 Do you call that a hat? 你把那個(gè)叫帽子嗎？Do you call that a hat ? I said to my wife. You neednt be so rude about it, my wife answered as she looked at herself in the mirror. I sat down on one of t

3、hose modern chairs with holes in it and waited. We had been in the hat shop for half an hour and my wife was still in front of the mirror. We mustnt buy things we dont need, I remarked suddenly. I regretted saying it almost at once.You neednt have said that, my wife answered. I need not remind you o

4、f that terrible tie you bought yesterday. I find it beautiful, I said. A man can never have too into the cave hoping to find buried treasure. The leader of the party was examining the soil near the entrance to the cave when the machine showed that there was gold under the ground. Very excited, the

5、party dug a hole two feet deep. They finally found a small gold coin which was almost worthless. The party then searched the whole cave thoroughly but did not find anything except an empty tin trunk. In spite of this, many people are confident that The Revealer may reveal something of value fairly s

6、oon.Lesson56 Faster than sound! 比聲音還快！Once a year a race is held for old cars. A lot of cars entered for this race last year and there was a great deal of excitement just before it began. One of the most handsome cars was a Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost. The most unusual car was a Benz which had only thr

7、ee wheels. Built in 1885, it was the oldest car taking part. After a great many loud explosions, the race began. Many of the cars broke down on the course and some drivers spent more time under their cars than in them ! A few cars, however, completed the race. The winning car reached a speed of fort

8、y miles an hour--much faster than any of its rivals. It sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it. The race gave everyone a great deal of pleasure. It was very different from modern car races but no less exciting. Lesson57 Can I help you, madam? 你要買什么

9、，夫人？A woman in blue jeans stood at the window of an expensive shop. Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress that was in the window. The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed. Glancing at her scornfully, he told her that the dress was so

10、ld. The woman walked out of the shop angrily and decided to punish the assistant next day. She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other. After seeking out the rude assistant she asked for the same dress. Not realizi

11、ng who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time with great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress. As soon as she saw it, the woman said s many ties.And a woman cant have too many hats, she answered.Ten minutes later we walked out of the shop together. My wife wa

12、s wearing a hat that looked like a lighthouse !Lesson42 Not very musical 并非很懂音樂(lè)As we had had a long walk through one of the markets of Old Delhi, we stopped at a square to have a rest. After a time, we noticed a snake-charmer with two large baskets at the other side of the square, so we went to have

13、 a look at him. As soon as he saw us, he picked up a long pipe which was covered with coins and opened one of the baskets. When he began to play a tune, we had our first glimpse of the snake. It rose out of the basket and began to follow the movements of the pipe. We were very much surprised when th

14、e snake charmer suddenly began to play jazz tunes and modern pop songs. The snake, however, continued to dance slowly. It obviously could not tell the difference between Indian music and jazz!Lesson43 Over the South Pole 飛越南極In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American exp

15、lorer, R. E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time. Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble. At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash. It could only

16、get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet. Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks. The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet. Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no more mou

17、ntains in sight. The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty. Lesson44 Through the forest 穿過(guò)森林Mrs Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men. They had rushed up to her while she was having a picnic at the edge

18、of a forest with her children and tried to steal her handbag. In the struggle, the strap broke and, with the bag in their possession, both men started running through the trees. Mrs Sterling got so angry that she ran after them. She was soon out of breath, but she continued to run. When she caught u

19、p with them, she saw that they had sat down and were going through the contents of the bag, so she ran straight at them. The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away. The strap needs mending, said Mrs Sterling later, but they did not steal anything.Lesson45 A clear conscience 問(wèn)心無(wú)

20、愧The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post-office. Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but it was not returned to him. Three months passed, and

21、then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door. It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost, together with a note which said: A thief, yes, but only 5o per cent a thief! Two months later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note: Only 25 pe

22、r cent a thief now! In time, all Sams money was paid back in this way. The last note said: I am 100 per cent honest now!lesson46 Expensive and uncomfortable 既昂貴又受罪When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing. No one cou

23、ld account for the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy. It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was astonished at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of woollen goods. He was so surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run

24、away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding in the box before the plane left London. He had had a long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to the wooden box for over ten hours. The man was ordered to pay &345 for the cost of the trip. The normal price of a ticket is &230 !Lesso

25、n47 A thirsty ghost 嗜酒的鬼魂A public house which was recently bought by Mr Ian Thompson is up for sale. Mr Thompson is going to sell it because it is haunted. He told me that he could not go to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar. The next morning, he found that the doo

26、rs had been blocked by chairs and the furniture had been moved. Though Mr Thompson had turned the lights off before he went to bed, they were on in the morning. He also said that he had found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost must have drunk the night before. When I suggested that some villa

27、gers must have come in for a free drink, Mr Thompson shook his head. The villagers have told him that they will not accept the inn even if he gives it away. Lesson48 Did you want to tell me something? 你想對(duì)我說(shuō)什么嗎？Dentists always ask questions when it is impossible for you to answer. My dentist had just

28、 pulled out one of my teeth and had told me to rest for a while. I tried to say something, but my mouth was full of cotton-wool. He knew I collected birds eggs and asked me whether my collection was growing. He then asked me how my brother was and whether I liked my new job in London. In answer to t

29、hese questions I either nodded or made strange noises. Meanwhile, my tongue was busy searching out the hole where the tooth had been. I suddenly felt very worried, but could not say anything. When the dentist at last removed the cotton-wool from my mouth, I was able to tell him that he had pulled ou

30、t the wrong tooth. Lesson49 The end of a dream 美夢(mèng)告終Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed. For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress. Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on

31、 to the roof of his house. He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew up. A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below. The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck the ground. Although the bed was smashed to

32、 pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt. When he woke up, he was still on the mattress. Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house. After he had put it on the floor, he promptly went to sleep again.Lesson50 Taken fo

33、r a ride 乘車兜風(fēng)I love travelling in the country, but I dont like losing my way. I went on an excursion recently, but my trip took me longer than I expected. Im going to Woodford Green, I said to the conductor as I got on the bus, but I dont know where it is. Ill tell you where to get off, answered t

34、he conductor. I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside. After some time, the bus stopped. Looking round, I realized with a shock that I was the only passenger left on the bus. Youll have to get off here, the conductor said. This is as far as we go. Is this Woodford Green

35、? I asked. Oh dear, said the conductor suddenly. I forgot to put you off. It doesnt matter, I said. Ill get off here. We are going back now, said the conductor. Well, in that case, I prefer to stay on the bus, I answered.Lesson51 Reward for virtue 對(duì)美德的獎(jiǎng)賞My friend, Herbert, has always been fat, but t

36、hings got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden. The list included most of the things Herbert loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a

37、 visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Herbert was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk

38、. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets! Lesson52 A pretty carpet 漂亮的地毯We have just moved into a new house and I have been working hard all

39、morning. I have been trying to get my new room in order. This has not been easy because I own over a thousand books. To make matters worse, the room is rather small, so I have temporarily put my books on the floor. At the moment, they cover every inch of floor space and I actually have to walk on th

40、em to get in or out of the room. A short while ago, my sister helped me to carry one of my old bookcases up the stairs. She went into my room and got a big surprise when she saw all those books on the floor. This is the prettiest carpet I have ever seen, she said. She gazed at it for some time then

41、added, You dont need bookcases at all. You can sit here in your spare time and read the carpet! Lesson53 Hot snake 觸電的蛇At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. Forest fire are often caused by broken glass or by ci

42、garette ends which people carelessly throw away. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass. They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. This morning, however, a fireman accidentally discovered the cause. He noticed the

43、remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was simple but very unusual. A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. The snake then wound itself round

44、 the wires. When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire.Lesson54 Sticky fingers 粘糊的手指After breakfast, I sent the children to school and then I went to market. It was still early when I returned home. The children were at school, my husband was at work and t

45、he house was quiet. So I decided to make some tarts for tea. In a short time I was busy mixing butter and flour and my hands were soon covered with sticky pastry. At exactly that moment, the telephone rang. Nothing could have been more annoying. I picked up the receiver between two sticky fingers an

46、d was dismayed when I recognized the voice of Mrs Bates. It took me ten minutes to persuade her to ring back later. At last I hung up the receiver. What a mess! There was pastry on my fingers, on the telephone, and on the door-knobs. I had no sooner got back to the kitchen than the door-bell rang lo

47、ud enough to wake the dead. This time it was the postman and he wanted me to sign for a registered letter !Lesson55 Not a gold mine 并非金礦Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently. A new machine called The Revealer has been invented and it has been used to detect gold which has been bu

48、ried in the ground. The machine was used in a cave near the seashore where--it is said--pirates used to hide gold. The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it. Armed with the new machine, a search party went he did not like it. She enjoyed herself making the assistant b

49、ring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.Lesson58 A blessing in disguise? 是因禍得福嗎？The tiny village of Frinley is said to possess a cursed tree. Because the tree was mentioned in a newspaper, the number of visitors to Frinley has now increased. The t

50、ree was planted near a church fifty years ago, but it is only in recent years that it has gained an evil reputation. It is said that if anyone touches the tree, he will have bad luck; if he picks a leaf, he will die. Many villagers believe that the tree has already claimed a number of victims. The v

51、icar has been asked to have the tree cut down, but so far he has refused. He has pointed out that the tree is a useful source of income as tourists have been coming from all parts of the country to see it. In spite of all that has been said, the 1 總論 1.1 項(xiàng)目概況 項(xiàng)目名稱：昆明市西亮塘濕地公園建設(shè) 責(zé)任單位：云南長(zhǎng)實(shí)房地產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)有限公司

52、 項(xiàng)目地點(diǎn)：滇池北岸官渡區(qū)西亮塘 項(xiàng)目投資：總投資60508.73萬(wàn)元。 其中：水質(zhì)凈化區(qū) 6853.68萬(wàn)元；游賞區(qū)38674.80萬(wàn)元；生態(tài)恢復(fù)區(qū)14980.25萬(wàn)元。 實(shí)施時(shí)間：2007年4月－2009年4月 1.2 項(xiàng)目提出的背景 湖濱濕地作為陸地與湖泊水體之間的生態(tài)交錯(cuò)帶，是湖泊生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的重要組成部分。湖濱濕地既是湖泊生物多樣性最豐富的場(chǎng)所，也是湖泊自凈作用有效的區(qū)域，同時(shí)也是控制污染入湖的最后一道屏障。 《滇池流域水污染防治“十五”計(jì)劃》和《環(huán)滇池生態(tài)保護(hù)規(guī)劃》，都將湖濱生態(tài)帶工程建設(shè)作為滇池保護(hù)與生態(tài)恢復(fù)的重要建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目?！董h(huán)滇池生態(tài)保護(hù)規(guī)劃》構(gòu)筑包括環(huán)湖截污、

53、環(huán)湖道路、污水處理工程和湖濱生態(tài)帶建設(shè)在內(nèi)的水污染物排放控制體系，是未來(lái)滇池保護(hù)與生態(tài)恢復(fù)建設(shè)的重要內(nèi)容。 黨中央、國(guó)務(wù)院、云南省委、省政府、昆明市委、市政府高度重視滇池污染治理工作，通過(guò)各方面多年不懈的共同努力，在滇池流域經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速增長(zhǎng)、人口增加和污染負(fù)荷不斷增大的情況下，基本遏制住了滇池水質(zhì)迅速惡化的勢(shì)頭，滇池污染治理工作取得了初步成效。 然而，目前實(shí)施的低投入、低產(chǎn)出的發(fā)展和保護(hù)模式面臨著眾多的矛盾沖突，迫切需要探索環(huán)湖生態(tài)保護(hù)的新模式，加快滇池治理的進(jìn)程，改善經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的外部環(huán)境，使滇池污染治理與生態(tài)保護(hù)工作邁上一個(gè)新臺(tái)階。 1.3項(xiàng)目建設(shè)的必要性及意義 1.3.1滇池社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)概況

54、 昆明市主城區(qū)是滇池流域居民最密集，人為活動(dòng)最為活躍的區(qū)域，是全省全市經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、商貿(mào)活動(dòng)的中心。根據(jù)第五次人口普查資料調(diào)查統(tǒng)計(jì)，流域總?cè)丝?08.4萬(wàn)人（包含居住半年以上的暫住人口）。 根據(jù)2000年昆明市土地局《土地利用現(xiàn)狀變更調(diào)查結(jié)果》，滇池流域土地總面積為2920平方公里，其中農(nóng)用地212175公頃，占總面積的72.66％；建設(shè)用地34200公頃，占11.71％；未利用地45625公頃，占15.63％。 1.3.2 滇池北岸湖濱帶存在問(wèn)題分析 湖濱帶濕地是處于陸生生態(tài)系統(tǒng)與水生生態(tài)系統(tǒng)之間的具有獨(dú)特的水文、土壤和植被特征的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，它在蓄洪防旱，控制土壤侵蝕，截留和降解入湖污染

55、物質(zhì)，改善入湖水質(zhì)，維持生物多樣性和生態(tài)平衡等方面均具有十分重要的作用。滇池近幾十年來(lái),隨著工農(nóng)業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展,人口的大量增加和城市化不斷加快的進(jìn)程中, 對(duì)湖濱帶濕地不合理的開(kāi)發(fā)利用如：圍湖造田等使湖濱帶濕地發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的退化，最終導(dǎo)致了濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境破壞、自然景觀消失、生物多樣性減少、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)和功能喪失等多種生態(tài)災(zāi)難。具體表現(xiàn)在以下方面： （1）生態(tài)破壞嚴(yán)重 湖濱土地過(guò)度開(kāi)發(fā)、圍海造田和大規(guī)模防浪堤的修建破壞了湖濱生態(tài)環(huán)境，導(dǎo)致湖濱生態(tài)系統(tǒng)極為脆弱。從七十年代到現(xiàn)在，滇池東岸建設(shè)了很多防浪堤，能被開(kāi)墾為耕地或魚塘的湖濱帶均已被利用，除此外部分湖濱帶已成為永久性的旅游設(shè)施或建筑用地。這些開(kāi)發(fā)活

56、動(dòng)和防浪堤的建設(shè)嚴(yán)重破壞了滇池濕地系統(tǒng)，導(dǎo)致原有動(dòng)植物的生境的喪失，沿岸的水土流失日益嚴(yán)重，造成湖濱區(qū)水生與濕生植物由深水區(qū)、淺水區(qū)向近岸帶、陸地逐步萎縮，生物物種急劇減少，湖泊生態(tài)環(huán)境極度脆弱，湖濱區(qū)生物多樣性的衰退進(jìn)一步破壞了湖濱帶的生態(tài)功能，致使湖濱帶缺乏應(yīng)有的生態(tài)防護(hù)。 除滇池西岸外，全湖大多數(shù)區(qū)域都有防浪堤，防浪堤將滇池水體與濕地系統(tǒng)隔開(kāi)，破壞了原有動(dòng)植物的生境，造成湖濱區(qū)水生與濕生植物由深水區(qū)、淺水區(qū)向濕地、陸地逐步消亡。 （2） 湖濱污染嚴(yán)重 湖濱帶本來(lái)是湖泊攔截污染物的最后屏障，由于失去天然濕地、人口密集、單位面積耕地化肥用量過(guò)大、城市點(diǎn)源截流剩余污染和城市污水處理廠工業(yè)

57、水污染等的直接入湖等原因，使目前的滇池湖濱帶不僅喪失了凈化水質(zhì)的功能，反而還成了污染滇池水體的嚴(yán)重區(qū)域之一。 （3） 面源污染嚴(yán)重 滇池北岸以蔬菜和花卉生產(chǎn)為主，農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)，人口密度集中，面源污染是該地區(qū)的主要污染源。城市面源終極截污率僅能達(dá)到50%，農(nóng)村面源終極截污率僅能達(dá)到30%；目前農(nóng)村面污染源治理仍是缺口，對(duì)沿湖村鎮(zhèn)的生活污染沒(méi)有相關(guān)治理控制對(duì)策，農(nóng)村生活污水、絕大多數(shù)生產(chǎn)性固體有機(jī)廢棄物直接排放，最終進(jìn)入滇池水生態(tài)環(huán)境，成為滇池水體的長(zhǎng)年持續(xù)性污染源之一。 1.3.3滇池濕地恢復(fù)與建設(shè)的意義 （1） 湖濱濕地是構(gòu)建完整湖濱生態(tài)帶的需要 湖濱帶在湖泊保護(hù)中具有重要作用。湖濱帶是

58、湖泊生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，湖濱濕地在調(diào)節(jié)氣候、涵養(yǎng)水源、蓄洪抗旱、控制土壤侵蝕、凈化入湖水質(zhì)、為動(dòng)植物提供棲息和生存環(huán)境，維持生物多樣性，改善湖濱景觀，維持生態(tài)平衡等方面均具有十分重要的作用。由于濕地特殊的生態(tài)環(huán)境，決定了濕生植物具有生長(zhǎng)迅速、抗逆性強(qiáng)等特點(diǎn)，這種生物所特有的吸收和分解營(yíng)養(yǎng)物的自然過(guò)程，保證了物質(zhì)在自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的有效利用，防止了物質(zhì)的過(guò)分局部積累所形成的污染。 缺少完整的湖濱濕地系統(tǒng)的滇池，要有效克服富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化的局勢(shì)將是難以想象的。因此，湖濱濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能恢復(fù)與建設(shè)對(duì)于減緩滇池污染程度具有十分重要的作用和意義。 （2）是滇池北岸湖濱生態(tài)建設(shè)中的重要內(nèi)容 在《環(huán)滇池生態(tài)

59、保護(hù)規(guī)劃》和《滇池流域水污染防治“十五”計(jì)劃》中安排了一系列污染治理的工程措施，這些污染控制的措施是從污染源頭和污染輸送過(guò)程中減少和切斷污染源，從而達(dá)到控制污染的目的，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“治”。而湖濱帶生態(tài)恢復(fù)與濕地建設(shè)作為流域生態(tài)修復(fù)類的重要項(xiàng)目被定為特優(yōu)先項(xiàng)目，該項(xiàng)目將在滇池沿岸筑起一道保護(hù)屏障，修復(fù)滇池湖濱帶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“防”。尤其是湖濱生態(tài)工程建設(shè)與環(huán)湖截污－污水處理構(gòu)成完整的污染控制體系，成為了滇池污染防治工程的重要支撐。 表3-1滇池北岸（含主城區(qū)）湖濱帶建設(shè)項(xiàng)目匯總表 序號(hào) 工程名稱 工程規(guī)模 實(shí)施年限 1 人工濕地建設(shè) 人工濕地布水系統(tǒng)建設(shè)，建12.7km2（190

60、50畝）人工濕地 2005—2008 2 天然濕地生態(tài)建設(shè) 1887.4m等高線潮水漲落帶內(nèi)，建5.6km2（8400畝）天然濕地 2005—2008 3 防護(hù)林區(qū)生態(tài)建設(shè) 在濕地外圍因地制宜1km2（1500畝）防護(hù)林帶 2005—2008 （3） 項(xiàng)目的建設(shè)是北岸片區(qū)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的需要 項(xiàng)目區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境存在以下主要問(wèn)題：①土地墾殖率高，大棚蔬菜、花卉產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展迅速，農(nóng)村固體廢棄物數(shù)量巨大，面源污染十分嚴(yán)重；②湖濱自然生態(tài)破壞嚴(yán)重，土地開(kāi)墾過(guò)度，天然濕地幾乎已消失殆盡；③區(qū)域內(nèi)人口和建設(shè)用地發(fā)展速度不斷加快，人地矛盾、生存與環(huán)境保護(hù)的矛盾十分突出；④目前尚缺乏污染控制設(shè)施，點(diǎn)

61、源和面源污染均沒(méi)有得到有效控制，給區(qū)內(nèi)水環(huán)境和滇池的水環(huán)境保護(hù)帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重的影響，隨著片區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，這一影響將更加突出。 為了保障片區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展，完全有必要改變現(xiàn)有的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)模式，變農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)為濕地生產(chǎn)，通過(guò)濕地建設(shè)營(yíng)造人與自然間的和諧環(huán)境，從而提升區(qū)域土地利用價(jià)值，同時(shí)最大限度地減少片區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)廢物及農(nóng)藥、化肥污染，實(shí)現(xiàn)片區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。 （4） 項(xiàng)目的建設(shè)是環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的需求 本項(xiàng)目的建設(shè)突出湖濱帶的環(huán)境效益，充分發(fā)揮人工濕地對(duì)污染物的凈化作用，將滇池湖濱帶建設(shè)納入流域污染控制系統(tǒng)整體規(guī)劃和設(shè)計(jì)中，在滇池流域系統(tǒng)的點(diǎn)源和面源污染治理基礎(chǔ)上，恢復(fù)湖濱生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)與功能特征，

62、使建成的湖濱帶成為地表水污染物進(jìn)入滇池的最后一道屏障，最大程度截流污染物，并形成一個(gè)具有一定的抵御和調(diào)節(jié)自然和人類活動(dòng)干擾的能力的、能自我維持和調(diào)節(jié)的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，同時(shí)使之與周圍的系統(tǒng)與景觀融為一體。兼顧湖濱帶的景觀功能與經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值，通過(guò)湖濱帶建設(shè)提升沿湖土地價(jià)值，以環(huán)境改善來(lái)促進(jìn)流域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，為昆明市、環(huán)滇池生態(tài)圈的可持續(xù)發(fā)展奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，創(chuàng)造了良好條件。因此本項(xiàng)目建設(shè)十分必要，是實(shí)現(xiàn)片區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護(hù)雙贏的重要舉措。 1.3.4項(xiàng)目分析（SWOT） 該區(qū)域地理位置得天獨(dú)厚、湖濱區(qū)域特色鮮明、景觀資源豐富、生態(tài)功能突出，具有建設(shè)綠色生態(tài)社區(qū)的必要條件，審視“西亮塘濕地公園”項(xiàng)目于云南

63、省社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、生態(tài)保護(hù)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)背景下的機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)、優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)，從而合理定位、契入市場(chǎng)，揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短地促進(jìn)規(guī)劃區(qū)項(xiàng)目的持續(xù)快速發(fā)展。 l Strength ——優(yōu)勢(shì) (1)區(qū)域宏觀發(fā)展優(yōu)勢(shì) 云南省經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展具有四大優(yōu)勢(shì)——民族文化、氣候、生態(tài)和區(qū)位。 民族文化——云南民族文化資源得天獨(dú)厚，擁有絢麗多姿的民族風(fēng)情、內(nèi)容豐富的民族文化遺產(chǎn)、個(gè)性鮮明的文化特點(diǎn)。 氣 候——千差萬(wàn)別的立體氣候資源是云南不可多得的旅游資源；在云南幾乎可以領(lǐng)略全球所有的氣候類型和生態(tài)景觀；云南號(hào)稱“氣候王國(guó)”，一年四季都可稱為旅游度假的黃金季節(jié)。 生 態(tài)——是全國(guó)國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)最多的省份之一，素有

64、“植物王國(guó)”、“動(dòng)物王國(guó)”、“花卉王國(guó)”的美譽(yù)，這些優(yōu)勢(shì)條件都為云南“綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)”發(fā)展奠定了良好的基礎(chǔ)。 區(qū) 位——云南位于中國(guó)與東南亞、南亞次大陸的結(jié)合部，處于中國(guó)與東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化交流合作的前沿。具有良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)位條件。 本規(guī)劃項(xiàng)目正是充分利用云南省獨(dú)有的優(yōu)勢(shì)和蓬勃發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟(jì)前景，打造以生態(tài)保護(hù)、科普教育和休閑游憩為內(nèi)容的濕地公園，具有天時(shí)地利之優(yōu)勢(shì)。 (2)項(xiàng)目依托的資源優(yōu)勢(shì) 總結(jié)起來(lái)，有以下三方面資源優(yōu)勢(shì)： 交通 區(qū) 位 優(yōu) 勢(shì)——處于美麗的滇池湖畔；距昆明市中心僅10公里路程；周邊有便捷的公路交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)聯(lián)系主城區(qū)。 自然 資 源 優(yōu) 勢(shì)——規(guī)劃區(qū)已

65、具備了恢復(fù)重建濕地空間環(huán)境的必要條件——相對(duì)負(fù)地形、充沛的水源和隔水層；內(nèi)部地形變化不大，景觀層次豐富，且具有良好的氣候條件，水資源條件和植被生長(zhǎng)條件，特別適于濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境的塑造。 市場(chǎng)開(kāi)發(fā)資源優(yōu)勢(shì)——項(xiàng)目市場(chǎng)依托于云南省省會(huì)昆明，它是云南省經(jīng)濟(jì)最發(fā)達(dá)的城市，具有較強(qiáng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施條件支撐，同時(shí)具有廣闊的內(nèi)部消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)和外部客源市場(chǎng)。 (3)項(xiàng)目特性優(yōu)勢(shì) 該項(xiàng)目是滇池環(huán)湖生態(tài)帶建設(shè)的重要組成部分之一，修復(fù)滇池湖濱帶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)將在滇池沿岸筑起一道自然保護(hù)屏障，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“防”。尤其是湖濱生態(tài)工程建設(shè)與環(huán)湖截污——污水處理構(gòu)成完整的污染控制體系，成為了滇池污染防治工程的重要支撐。項(xiàng)目的建設(shè)

66、是滇池北岸片區(qū)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的需要，受到政府和市民的廣泛支持。 項(xiàng)目的生態(tài)產(chǎn)業(yè)的建設(shè)置換了低效益的粗放型農(nóng)業(yè)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型。 同時(shí)，項(xiàng)目的開(kāi)發(fā)建設(shè)是以“昆明風(fēng)馳明星信息產(chǎn)業(yè)有限責(zé)任公司”為龍頭，攜多家有較強(qiáng)實(shí)力的投資商，依據(jù)市場(chǎng)需求在政府的有序引導(dǎo)下，統(tǒng)一協(xié)調(diào)籌措社會(huì)資金進(jìn)行生態(tài)工程和公益事業(yè)建設(shè)，有效緩解國(guó)家相關(guān)資金的矛盾和缺口。是實(shí)現(xiàn)片區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展與滇池環(huán)境保護(hù)雙贏的重要舉措。 l Weakness —— 劣勢(shì)，即項(xiàng)目的不利因素 (1)政府態(tài)度及宏觀政策對(duì)項(xiàng)目的開(kāi)發(fā)、建設(shè)、運(yùn)營(yíng)影響巨大。 (2)規(guī)劃區(qū)與城市之間保持有一定距離，與城市的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施聯(lián)系有待進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。 (3)城市規(guī)劃路網(wǎng)的實(shí)施時(shí)間及空間定