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第6練 動(dòng)詞 基礎(chǔ)鞏固 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．Themuseum(become) ahitsinceitopenedattheendofOctober. 2．Shesaidshe(notice) abigchangeinmeandwonderedwhy. 3．HeisworkinginChina.Heonce(work) inSpaintenyearsago. 4．Theterm“thirdculturekid”(use) inthe1960sforthefirsttimebyDrRuth. 5．Whentheydestroyafarmer’scrops，thefarmermust(pay) compensation. 6．Buyersdon’tneedtoworryaboutpayingforgoodsandthen(receive) nothing. 7．Themuseum，(locate) nexttotheWuzhenscenicspot，coversanareaof5,000squaremetres. 8．Theyputthefoodoutintheirbackyardsandspendtimeintheniceweather，(watch) birds. 9．Theseclubsgiveyoutheopportunity(play) asportyouloveorlearnasportthatisnewtoyou. 10．Whenwesawtheroad(block) withsnow，wedecidedtospendtheholidayathome. Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤) 11．Nowadays，therearesomestudentsusecellphonestocopyteachers’lecturenotes. 12．Thegovernmentsentsomesoldierstorescuethoseburyingundertheruins. 13．Inaddition, attractingbyinterestingtopics，youarefreetogetinvolvedintheweeklydiscussion. 14．Mobilephoneaddictscan’thelpchecktheirmobilephonesallday，evenwhentheyarewalkingontheroad. 15．TheincidenthadhappenedonmywaytoabookstoreonarainySundayafternoon. 16．InordertohelpmewithmyEnglish，wespokeasmuchEnglishaswecanwhenweweretogether. 17．Weoftentakeexamsatschool，andsometimeswehavemanyexamsthatistoodifficultforus. 18．IhavetoldonemorevolunteerwillbeneededthisyearandIthinkyouaresuitableforthejob. 19．BythetimeyouwillarriveinLondon，wewillhavestayedinEuropefortwoweeks. 20．Yesterdaymorning，hewenttoabiggardeningcompany，knowingasGreenFingers，foraninterview. 技法總結(jié) 在語法填空中，主要是給出動(dòng)詞原形，要求根據(jù)上下文用適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?。在短文改錯(cuò)中，考查形式主要表現(xiàn)為動(dòng)詞形式上的錯(cuò)誤。 1．首先判斷空格處是謂語還是非謂語。如果設(shè)空處作謂語，考查的是謂語動(dòng)詞。如果設(shè)空處作主語、賓語、補(bǔ)語、定語、狀語、表語時(shí)，考查的是非謂語動(dòng)詞。 2．確定屬于謂語動(dòng)詞之后，再通過題干中的時(shí)間狀語、主語，上下文提供的語境，以及前后時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)來判斷正確的時(shí)態(tài)，從而正確填寫或改正句中錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)類題關(guān)鍵在于判斷句子的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞之間是否是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，但是被動(dòng)語態(tài)的考查總是與句子時(shí)態(tài)一起，即確定是被動(dòng)語態(tài)之后，還要通過相關(guān)的時(shí)間狀語判斷用哪一種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，這樣才能確保填寫準(zhǔn)確的答案或改對(duì)相應(yīng)的錯(cuò)誤。 3．確定屬于非謂語動(dòng)詞之后，再觀察非謂語動(dòng)詞與被修飾詞之間的主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)關(guān)系以及動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，由此判斷出正確的形式。非謂語動(dòng)詞與被修飾詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，常用現(xiàn)在分詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞的一般式；是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則用過去分詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式；非謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作如果發(fā)生得早，則要考慮完成式。 能力提升 Ⅲ.語法填空 China，whichtakesprideinfourinventionsinancienttimes，hasonceagainshownitsability21.(change) theworldwithits“newfourgreatinventions”：highspeedrailways，electronicpayment，sharedbicyclesandonlineshopping. Recently，the“newfourgreatinventions”22.(improve) thequalityofpeople’slives.Thankstoonlineshoppingandmobilepayment，peoplecanbuywhattheywant23.(simple) withatapofthephonewithindoors.Highspeedtrainshaveshortened24.journeyfromBeijingtothecoastalcityTianjintohalfanhour.Asforthebikes，theythemselvesarenotnew.Itistheoperatingmodelofbikesharing25.(base) onsatellitenavigation(導(dǎo)航) system，mobilepaymentaswellasbigdata26.hassurprisedtheworld.Sharedbicyclesarebringingcyclingback27.people’slivesandtheyaremakingpublictransportmore28.(attract)． ItisincreasinglyclearthatChinaisnolonger29.(copy) westernideasandisleadinginmanynewways.Agrowingnumberofforeign30.(company) hopetopromotethedevelopmentintheirhomecountrybyhighlightingtheneedfortechnologicalachievementslikethatofChina. Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) (2018江西贛州一模) MynameisLiMing，astudentstudiedinGanzhouNo.18MiddleSchool.IameagerbecomeavolunteerinyourgroupandIcanworktillmynexttermbegins.Ihavearealtalentonsinging.Igetthefirstprizeinthesingingcompetitioninourschoollastyear.However，Icanteachchildrenhowtosingsongs.Besides，Iplaythepianoverywell，thatwillhelpalotinmywork.Iamwarmheartedandalwaysbereadytohelp.Helpingotherpeoplemakesmyselfhappy.IbelieveIcanmakefriendwiththechildren.IhopeIamfortunatelyenoughtobeamemberofyourgroup. Ⅴ.書面表達(dá) 假如你是學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，你所在的學(xué)校打算在五月開展一系列的中國傳統(tǒng)文化展示活動(dòng)。而你的英國筆友Tom對(duì)你的校園生活很感興趣，寫信向你詢問。請(qǐng)給他回一封信告知相關(guān)內(nèi)容并請(qǐng)他提出好的建議。 參考詞匯：中國書畫展anexhibitionofChinesepaintingandcalligraphy；詩歌朗誦比賽apoetryrecitingcompetition 注意： 1．詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 DearTom， I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingaboutmylifeoncampus. I’mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply! Yours， LiHua 答案解析 Ⅰ.1.hasbecome　2.hadnoticed　3.worked　4.wasused　5.bepaid　6.receiving　7.located　8.watching　9.toplay10．blocked Ⅱ.11.Nowadays，therearesomestudentscellphonestocopyteachers’lecturenotes. 12．Thegovernmentsentsomesoldierstorescuethoseundertheruins. 13．Inaddition, byinterestingtopics，youarefreetogetinvolvedintheweeklydiscussion. 14．Mobilephoneaddictscan’thelptheirmobilephonesallday，evenwhentheyarewalkingontheroad. 15．TheincidenthadhappenedonmywaytoabookstoreonarainySundayafternoon. 16．InordertohelpmewithmyEnglish，wespokeasmuchEnglishaswewhenweweretogether. 17．Weoftentakeexamsatschool，andsometimeswehavemanyexamsthattoodifficultforus. 18．IhavetoldonemorevolunteerwillbeneededthisyearandIthinkyouaresuitableforthejob. 19．BythetimeyouwillarriveinLondon，wewillhavestayedinEuropefortwoweeks. 20．Yesterdaymorning，hewenttoabiggardeningcompany，asGreenFingers，foraninterview. Ⅲ. 語篇解讀　中國在古代曾經(jīng)以四大發(fā)明而自豪，本文講述今天中國正在以“新的四大發(fā)明”領(lǐng)先世界。新的四大發(fā)明是：高速鐵路、電子支付、共享自行車和網(wǎng)上購物。 21．tochange　[考查不定式。句意為：中國，在古代以四大發(fā)明而自豪，今天它再次以它“新的四大發(fā)明”展示了其改變世界的能力。ability to do sth.表示“做某事的能力”，故填to change。] 22．haveimproved　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語recently可推斷，此處描述過去發(fā)生一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而且主語表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，故填have improved。] 23．simply　[考查副詞。所填詞在這里作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞buy，應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填simply。] 24．the　[考查冠詞。句意為：高速列車縮短了從北京到沿海城市天津的旅程，僅為半小時(shí)。此處特指“從北京到天津的旅程”，故填the。] 25．based　[考查過去分詞。句意為：它是基于衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)、移動(dòng)支付和大數(shù)據(jù)的自行車共享運(yùn)營模式，令全世界震驚?！?base) on satellite navigation(導(dǎo)航) system，mobile payment as well as big data”作定語，與被修飾詞model是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞。故填based。] 26．that　[考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。該處為It is...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)了主語the operating model of bikesharing。故填that。] 27．to　[考查介詞。句意為：共享單車正在把自行車帶回人們的生活。bring...back to...“讓……重新回到……”是固定搭配。故填to。] 28．a(chǎn)ttractive　[考查形容詞。make后接復(fù)合賓語，空格處是賓語補(bǔ)足語，解釋說明賓語public transport，用形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。attract的形容詞是attractive。故填attractive。] 29．copying　[考查謂語動(dòng)詞。由下文的and可推斷，謂語動(dòng)詞copy與下文的謂語動(dòng)詞is leading時(shí)態(tài)一致，空格前的is也說明用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填copying。] 30．companies　[考查名詞。company “公司”是可數(shù)名詞，由a growing number of “越來越多的”修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)及空后的謂詞動(dòng)詞hope可知應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填companies。] Ⅳ. MynameisLiMing，astudentinGanzhouNo.18MiddleSchool.IameagerbecomeavolunteerinyourgroupandIcanworktillmynexttermbegins.Ihavearealtalentsinging.Ithefirstprizeinthesingingcompetitioninourschoollastyear.，Icanteachchildrenhowtosingsongs.Besides，Iplaythepianoverywell，willhelpalotinmywork.Iamwarmheartedandalwaysbereadytohelp.Helpingotherpeoplemakeshappy.IbelieveIcanmakewiththechildren.IhopeIamenoughtobeamemberofyourgroup. Ⅴ.參考范文 DearTom， I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingaboutmylifeoncampus.I’mwritingtointroducesomeactivitiestobeheldinmyschoolforyourreference. NowadaysalongwiththeincreaseofChina’sinfluence，moreattentionisbeingpaidtoourtraditionalChineseculture.Consequently，theStudents’Unionintendstoorganizeaseriesofactivitiesaimedatgettingmorestudentsawareofthecharmofourtraditionalculture.Tobespecific，anexhibitionofChinesepaintingandcalligraphyandapoetryrecitingcompetitionwillbeheldinMay.Allthestudentswhoareinterestedcanparticipatetoshowthemselvesandwingloryforthemselvesandtheirclasses. Wewouldappreciateitifyouhaveanysuggestionsonhowtoorganizethemproperly. I’mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply! Yours， LiHua