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Module 3 My First Ride on a Train (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意 1．helicopter n．　　　　　　　　　 直升飛機(jī) 2．motorbike n. 摩托車 3．cassette n. 錄音帶 4．diamond n. 鉆石 5．soil n. 土壤 6．stadium n. 運(yùn)動(dòng)場；體育場 7．kindergarten n. 幼兒園 8．cartoon n. 卡通；漫畫 9．vacuum n. 真空；空白 10．a(chǎn)partment n. (美)公寓；單元住宅 11．souvenir n. 紀(jì)念品 12．rail n. 鐵軌 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——————寫其形 1．midnight n. 半夜 2．seaside n. 海濱 3．track n. 軌道 4．downtown adj. 商業(yè)區(qū)的；市中心的 5．expert n. 專家 6．scenery n．　[縱聯(lián)1] 風(fēng)景；景色 7．journey n. [縱聯(lián)2] 旅程 8．event n. [縱聯(lián)3] 事件 9．ceremony n. [縱聯(lián)4] 儀式 10．desert n. 沙漠 Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變 1．distance n．距離→distant adj.遙遠(yuǎn)的 2．a(chǎn)bandoned adj.被遺棄的→abandon vt.遺棄；拋棄 3．product n．產(chǎn)品→produce vt.生產(chǎn) n．農(nóng)產(chǎn)品→production n．生產(chǎn)；產(chǎn)量 4．shoot vt.射殺→shot n．射擊；槍聲 5．frighten vt.使吃驚；驚嚇→frightening adj.令人害怕的→frightened adj.害怕的→fright n．驚嚇；害怕[縱聯(lián)5] 6．interview n．&v.面試；面談→interviewer n．(面試時(shí)的)主考官；面談?wù)摺鷌nterviewee n．參加面試者；接受采訪者[縱聯(lián)6] 7．exhausted adj.疲憊不堪的→exhausting adj.令人疲憊不堪的→exhaust vt.使疲憊不堪→exhaustion n．疲憊 8．train vt.訓(xùn)練n.火車→training n．訓(xùn)練；鍛煉 縱聯(lián)1.“風(fēng)景”這邊獨(dú)好 ①scenery n．風(fēng)景；景色　　　 ②scene n．場景；景色 ③view n．景色，風(fēng)景 ④sights n．風(fēng)景，名勝 ⑤landscape n．風(fēng)景，景色 ⑥outlook n．景色，風(fēng)光 縱聯(lián)2.帶你去“旅行” ①journey旅行；旅程 ②travel旅行；游記 ③trip(短途)旅行；遠(yuǎn)足 ④tour周游；參觀訪問 ⑤voyage航行；航海 ⑥sightseeing觀光；游覽 縱聯(lián)3.大千世界“事情”真不少 ①event n. 重要的或不尋常的事件 ②thing n. 單一的事情 ③incident n. 不平常的事件 ④matter n. 事情；情況 ⑤accident n. 事故；意外事件 縱聯(lián)4.“儀式”很多很重要 ①opening ceremony 開幕式 ②closing ceremony 閉幕式 ③wedding ceremony 結(jié)婚典禮 ④funeral (ceremony) 葬禮 ⑤celebration n. 慶祝 ⑥feast/banquet n. 宴會(huì) 縱聯(lián)5.“名詞加后綴en變?yōu)閯?dòng)詞”詞匯一覽 ①fright→frighten 使吃驚 ②threat→threaten 恐嚇；威脅 ③strength→strengthen 加強(qiáng)；鞏固；使堅(jiān)強(qiáng) ④length→lengthen (使)變長 縱聯(lián)6.inter開頭高頻詞聚焦 ①interview n．&v.面試；面談 ②Internet n．互聯(lián)網(wǎng) ③international adj.國際的 ④interval n．間隔，間歇 ⑤interpret v．解釋，說明 ⑥interrupt v．打斷……講話 單元話題——交通方式 子話題1　水路交通 ?、賔erry n．渡船；渡口 ②port/harbor n．港口；碼頭 ③navigate v．導(dǎo)航；航行；橫渡 ④customs n．海關(guān)；關(guān)稅 ⑤voyage n．航海；航行 ⑥beach n．海灘；海濱 子話題2　陸路交通 ?、賢raffic lights n．交通信號(hào)燈 ②highspeed train高速列車 ③freeway n．高速公路 ④cab n．出租車 ⑤seat belt安全帶 ⑥behind schedule交通晚點(diǎn) ⑦vehicle n．交通工具；車輛 ⑧l(xiāng)orry n．(英)貨運(yùn)汽車；卡車 ⑨carriage n．四輪馬車；(火車的)客車廂 ⑩subway/underground n．地鐵 子話題3　航天航空 ?、賏eroplane n．(英)飛機(jī) ②spacecraft n．宇宙飛船 ③airliner n．班機(jī) ④jet n．噴氣式飛機(jī) ⑤flight n．飛行；航班 ⑥non-stop flight直達(dá)航班 ⑦economic class經(jīng)濟(jì)艙 ⑧transfer v．轉(zhuǎn)機(jī) [學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用 1．(2016江蘇高考閱讀D) Not so long ago, most people didnt know who ShellyAnn FraserPryce was going to bee.She was just an average high school athlete.There was every indication that she was just another Jamaican teenager without much of a future.However, one person wanted to change this.Stephen Francis observed then eighteenyearold ShellyAnn at a track? meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginnings of true greatness.Her times were not exactly impressive, but even so, he sensed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking.He decided to offer ShellyAnn a place in his very strict 　?　 (train) sessions.Their cooperation quickly produced? results, and a few years later at Jamaicas Olympic trials in early 2008, ShellyAnn, who at that time only ranked number 70 in the world, beat Jamaicas unchallenged queen of the sprint (短跑)． ①選擇track在句中的含義：__C__，在本單元中track的含義為：__B__ A．足跡　 B．軌道　　C．田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)　　D．小道，小徑 ②用train的正確形式填空：training ③寫出produced在本單元中的名詞形式：product 2．(2016江蘇高考閱讀D) ShellyAnn is a little woman with a big smile.She has a mental toughness that did not e about by chance.Her journey? to being the fastest woman on earth has been anything but smooth and effortless.She grew up in one of Jamaicas toughest innercity munities known as Waterhouse, where she lived in a oneroom apartment?， sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers.Waterhouse, one of the poorest munities in Jamaica, is a really violent and overpopulated place.Several of ShellyAnns friends and family were caught up in the killings; one of her cousins was shot? dead only a few streets away? from where she lived. ①選擇journey在句中的含義：__C__；在本單元中journey的含義為__A__，其同義詞還有trip, travel和tour等 A．旅行　　　　　B．行程　　　　　　C．歷程 ②寫出apartment在句中的含義：公寓；單元住宅 ③寫出shot的動(dòng)詞原形形式：shoot ④用distance的正確形式替換away：distant 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用 (根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子) 1．(2018全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))我們每天訓(xùn)練兩個(gè)小時(shí)，定期參加各種比賽，疲憊不堪的但很快樂。(exhausted) We_train_for_two_hours_a_day_and_participate_in_various_petitions_regularly,_exhausted_but_happy. 2．(2017北京高考書面表達(dá))長江沿岸的風(fēng)景令人驚嘆，有許多著名的觀光景點(diǎn)。(scenery) The_scenery_along_the_Yangtze_River_is_amazing,_with_many_wellknown_sightseeing_spots. 3．(2017浙江高考寫作)很快，狼跑下山去消失在遠(yuǎn)方。(distance) Soon,_the_wolf_ran_away_down_the_hill_and_disappeared_in_the_distance. (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 1．distance n．距離；遠(yuǎn)方 vt.與……疏遠(yuǎn) [記牢] (1)in the distance　　　 在遠(yuǎn)處；在遠(yuǎn)方 at/from a distance 稍遠(yuǎn)處；隔一段距離 at a distance of 在距……的地方 keep ones distance from ...＝keep ...at a distance 與……保持距離/疏遠(yuǎn) (2)distant adj. 遙遠(yuǎn)的；冷淡的 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①I saw a car in the distance and jumped up as I recognized the car. ②After the quarrel Sue remained cold and distant (distance)． ③Her father advised her to keep her distance from that fellow. 補(bǔ)全句子 ④It was difficult to get along well with her because she always kept_everyone_at_a_distance. 很難與她融洽相處，因?yàn)樗偸桥c每個(gè)人保持一定距離。 [用準(zhǔn)]　對于distance的提問多用what，而不用how far或者h(yuǎn)ow long。 [寫美]　翻譯句子 ⑤不僅這個(gè)瀑布在遠(yuǎn)處就可以看到，而且它的聲音可以在兩英里外聽到。(用not only引導(dǎo)的倒裝句) Not_only_can_the_waterfall_be_seen_in_the_distance,_but_also_its_sound_may_be_heard_at_a_distance_of_two_miles. 2．a(chǎn)bandoned adj.被遺棄的；被拋棄的；放縱的 [記牢] (1)abandon vt.　　　　　　　 放棄；遺棄；拋棄 n. 放任；放縱 abandon oneself to/be abandoned to 沉湎于；縱情于…… abandon doing sth. 放棄做某事 (2)with abandon 恣意地；放縱地；盡情地 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①(2018全國卷Ⅲ)Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned (abandon) bricks of different ages. ②After careful deliberation, they agreed to abandon carrying (carry) out the project. ③The fans cheered with abandon when their football team won. [用準(zhǔn)]　(1)abandoned為形容詞化的過去分詞，在句中常作定語；(2)abandon后跟動(dòng)詞常用動(dòng)名詞形式，而不能跟動(dòng)詞不定式。 [寫美]　一句多譯 他沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲，沒能通過考試。 ④He abandoned_himself_to_the_Internet_games and didnt pass the exam. ⑤Abandoning_himself_to_the_Internet_games,_he didnt pass the exam. ⑥Abandoned_to_the_Internet_games,_he didnt pass the exam. 3．scenery n．風(fēng)景；景色 [辨清]　scenery, scene, sight, view scenery 不可數(shù)名詞，指某地(總的)自然風(fēng)景或景色，尤指美麗的鄉(xiāng)間景色 scene 可數(shù)名詞，指展現(xiàn)在眼前的或某一特定環(huán)境中的情景，大多包括景物中的人及活動(dòng)在內(nèi)；也可以指現(xiàn)場或戲劇中的一幕 sight 特指眼前看到的景觀，多指人工的事物；表示“名勝，風(fēng)景”時(shí)，必須要用復(fù)數(shù)sights view 常指從遠(yuǎn)處或高處看到的景色 [練通]　選用上面單詞完成下面語段 Every year, plenty of people go to see the ①sights of Beijing.This summer vacation my parents also decided to take me there.On the way to Beijing, we stopped our car again and again to enjoy the ②scenery.After arriving in Beijing, we lived at the 13th floor of a hotel from whose window we had a better ③view of the city.We did have a good time in Beijing.But on the way back home, we saw the ④scene of an accident, so my mother and I kept reminding my father to drive with caution. [寫美]　翻譯句子 ⑤(2017全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))星期天早晨我們將在人民公園見面，那兒空氣清新并且風(fēng)景美麗。 We_are_to_meet_on_Sunday_morning_in_the_Peoples_Park,_where_the_air_is_fresh_and_the_scenery_is_beautiful. 4．frighten vt.使吃驚；驚嚇 [記牢] (1)frighten sb.into/out of doing sth. 嚇得某人做/不敢做某事 frighten sb.to death 把某人嚇得要死 frighten ...away/off 嚇走/跑…… (2)frightening adj. 令人恐懼的；可怕的 frightened adj. 感到害怕的；受到驚嚇的 be frightened of 害怕…… (3)fright n. 驚嚇；害怕 with fright 害怕地 [練通] 單句語法填空 ①(2016浙江高考) A sudden stop can be a very frightening (frighten) experience, especially if you are travelling at high speed. ②News of the robberies frightened many people into fitting new locks to their doors. ③He frightened the dog away/off with a stick. ④Whenever she thought of it, she was trembling with fright. 補(bǔ)全句子 ⑤I was_frightened_to_death.You mustnt play these practical jokes any more. 我被嚇得要死。你以后再也不能這樣惡作劇了。 ⑥Some people are_frightened_of_thunder,_others of snake. 有些人害怕雷聲，而有些人則害怕蛇。 [用準(zhǔn)]　frightened “感到害怕的”，常用來修飾人；frightening “令人害怕的”，常用來修飾物。 [寫美]　一句多譯 一想到即將到來的考試，我心里就害怕。 ⑦The thought of my ing exam frightened_me. ⑧What_frightened_me was the thought of my ing exam. ⑨I was_frightened at the thought of my ing exam. [詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．Children should be trained (訓(xùn)練) from an early age in table manners. 2．When the rains e in spring, the desert (沙漠) will turn green and a variety of flowers will also blossom there. 3．One of the experts (專家) in childrens health says the overuse of technology causes lots of problems. 4．Its beautiful scenery (景色) and pleasant climate make Beidaihe a worldfamous summer resort. 5．In her diary, Jane has set down some important historic events (事件) as well as a series of facts. 6．If you go downtown (商業(yè)區(qū)) tomorrow, could you give me a lift? 7．The professor, together with his students, was invited to the opening ceremony (儀式) last weekend. 8．Stella could hardly wait to see her family after such a long and tiring journey (旅程)． Ⅱ.單句語法填空 1．After the conflict, there was a growing distance (distant) between the two sides of the family. 2．The Browns are so kindhearted that they have taken in more than ten abandoned (abandon) cats and dogs. 3．When I passed by, I saw the kids shooting (shoot) arrows at a target. 4．Its reported that trained (train) dogs have been used to hunt for criminals. 5．At that time, Mr Green was too frightened (frighten) to escape from the danger. 6．One of the interviewers (interview) asked me a question, “What do you think of the TV program Sing! China？” 7．Most of us feel exhausted (exhaust) after working for at least eight hours a day, five days a week. 8．In Dali, I bought some local souvenirs (souvenir) for my family and friends, including some tea. 9．It is reported that this nations imports of consumer products (produce) increased by 33% this year. 10．It was at midnight that the teacher finished grading papers. Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子 1．由于惡劣的天氣，他們只能放棄再向山頂更高處攀爬。(abandon) They had to abandon_climbing_further to the top of the mountain because of the extreme weather. 2．當(dāng)你睡覺時(shí)把手機(jī)放在至少50厘米遠(yuǎn)的地方。(distance) Place the phone at_a_distance_of at least 50 centimeters while you are sleeping. 3．看到這場慘烈的車禍，這個(gè)女孩幾乎被嚇得要死。(frighten) Seeing the terrible accident, the girl was almost frightened_to_death. 4．你愿意和我一起欣賞這個(gè)美麗地區(qū)的風(fēng)景嗎？(scenery) Would you like to enjoy_the_scenery in this beautiful district with me? 5．感到疲憊不堪的，我爬上床很快就睡著了。(exhaust) Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) 1．get_on/off　　　　　　　 上/下(車、船等) 2．take_off 　　[串記1] (飛機(jī))起飛；脫掉；休假；開始成功 3．a(chǎn)t_a_speed_of 以……的速度 4．out_of_date [串記2] 過時(shí) 5．for_the_first_time 首次；第一次 6．more_than [串記3] 多于，不僅僅 7．be_short_for 是……的縮寫/簡稱 8．refer_to 指的是；查閱；涉及 9．get_into 上(車)；進(jìn)入；陷入 10．get_out_of 下(車)；出去；逃避 11．not_...any_more 不再 [同根短語串記] 串記1.“v.＋off”短語聚會(huì) ①take off(飛機(jī))起飛 ②cut off切斷；斷絕 ③give off放出 ④put off推遲，拖延 ⑤pay off償清；回報(bào) ⑥show off炫耀 串記2.“out of＋n.”短語集錦 ①out of date過時(shí) ②out of order出故障 ③out of danger脫離危險(xiǎn) ④out of work失業(yè) ⑤out of control失控 ⑥out of shape變形 串記3.than短語集合 ①more than多于，不僅僅 ②no more than不超過；僅僅 ③other than除了；不同于 ④rather than與其；不愿 1．in the 1930s　　　　　　　　 在20世紀(jì)30年代 2．on the coast 在岸上，沿岸；在海岸線上 3．pass a law 通過法律 4．ride a bicycle 騎自行車 5．a(chǎn)t midnight 在午夜 6．a(chǎn)ttend the opening ceremony 出席開幕式 7．means of transport 交通方式 1．What do_you_think the central part of the country is like? 你認(rèn)為這個(gè)國家的中心部分是什么樣子的？ 2．And what_a_ride！多么奇妙的一次乘車旅行?。? 3．Would_you_mind_showing me your ticket？/Would_you_mind_if I saw your ticket？請出示你的票好嗎？ 4．I remember the day my father tried to teach me how_to_ride_a_bicycle. 我記得我父親努力教我學(xué)騎自行車的那一天。 [學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　完形中的短語和句式(補(bǔ)全句子) 1．(2018全國卷Ⅱ完形填空) I took_off (脫掉) my Tshirt and dived into the water. 2．(2012湖北高考完形填空) Happy as a child, I got_on (騎上) the bicycle and headed out onto the streets. 3．(2018全國卷Ⅲ完形填空) What_a_blessing (多么幸運(yùn)的事) this young man was to our family! He was so sweet and kind to do this. 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的短語和句式(翻譯句子/詞匯升級) 1．(2018北京高考書面表達(dá))然后我教他們?nèi)绾纹悴琛?疑問詞＋to do) Then_I_showed_them_how_to_make_tea. 2．(2015湖南高考寫作) Hearing what the head teacher said, I was very glad and my heart beat wildly.(用本單元短語替換加黑詞) more_than (二)課堂重點(diǎn)釋疑 [短語集釋] 1．take off (飛機(jī))起飛；開始成功；脫去(衣服等)；摘掉；匆匆離開；休假 [辨清]　寫出下列句中take off的含義 ①Three planes were standing on the runway, waiting to take off.起飛 ②I wish youd take off that hat when you are in the classroom.摘掉 ③Congratulations, Paulo! Now maybe you can take a few days off.休假 ④After his third film, his career of film performance took off.開始成功 ⑤The six boys got into the car and took off for the drugstore.匆匆離開 [記牢] take away　　　　　 拿走；奪走 take back 收回；帶回；使回憶起 take down 寫下，記下；拆卸 take in 吸收；理解；欺騙；收留 take on 具有，呈現(xiàn)；擔(dān)任，承擔(dān)；雇用 take up 舉(拿、撿、拔)起；占據(jù)；從事 take over 接管；接任；控制 [練通]　介詞填空 ⑥I know I was pletely a fool to trust him but he is a real charmer who totally takes me in. ⑦No other organisation was able or willing to take on the job. [寫美]　翻譯句子 ⑧雖然科技是用來幫助我們的，但我們不應(yīng)該讓它來控制我們的生活。 Though_technology_is_used_to_help_us,_we_should_not_allow_it_to_take_over_our_lives. 2．get on 上(車、船等)；進(jìn)展，進(jìn)行；相處；繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去 [記牢] get off　　　　　　　　 下(車、船等) get into 上(車)；進(jìn)入；陷入 get on/along (well) with 進(jìn)展(順利)；與……相處(得好) get across 講清楚；被……理解 get around 四處走動(dòng)(旅行)；(消息等)傳播 get through 通過；完成；接通(電話) [練通]　介(副)詞填空 ①I had created a way to get my message across while using as few words as possible. ②Because Anna made good preparations for the job interview, she finally got through with it. ③News soon got around that he had resigned. ④After getting off the train, we got into the car and headed for the airport. [寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子 ⑤(2017天津高考書面表達(dá))我很高興地告訴你，我和我所有的老師和同學(xué)相處得很好。我在學(xué)習(xí)上取得了很大的進(jìn)步，尤其是在英語方面。 Im pleased to tell you Im_getting_along_well_with_all_my_teachers_and_classmates.And I have made great progress in my study, especially in my English. 3．refer to 指的是；提到；涉及；參考；查閱 [辨清]　寫出下列句中refer to的含義 ①When I study English, I like to put my dictionary within my reach so that I can refer to it when necessary. 查閱 ②(2018浙江高考)What does the underlined word “headwinds” in Paragraph 2 refer to？指的是 ③Jim insisted that the book Mr Black referred to was worth reading.提到 [記牢] (1)refer ...to ...　　　　　 把……提交……處理 refer to ...as ... 把……稱作…… (2)reference n. 提及；參考；查閱 in/with reference to 關(guān)于 [練通]　單句語法填空 ④Some people refer to the color of Apples goldcolored iPhone as “tuhao gold”． ⑤Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future reference (refer)． ⑥You may refer the matter to him if necessary. [用準(zhǔn)]　(1)refer的過去式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞都要先雙寫“r”，再加上“ed”或“ing”。類似的詞還有prefer。 (2)refer to表示“查閱”時(shí)，后接詞典、參考書等；而look up表示“查閱”時(shí)，后接要查閱的具體內(nèi)容。 Dont always refer to the dictionary when ing across new words.Only if a word is very important can you look it up in your dictionary.當(dāng)遇到生詞時(shí)不要總是查詞典，只有當(dāng)一個(gè)單詞非常重要時(shí)，你才可以在詞典中查閱。 [寫美]　補(bǔ)全句子 ⑦(2018全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))關(guān)于餐桌禮儀，我想給你一些建議，希望對你有幫助。 In/With_reference_to_table_manners,_I want to give you some suggestions and hope that they will be helpful to you. [句式集釋] 1．感嘆句 [教材原句]　And what_a_ride! [悟拓展例句] (1)What_a_good_time we had on the beach yesterday! 昨天我們在海灘上玩得多開心呀！ (2)What_fun_it_is to have a cool drink in summer! 夏天喝冷飲多么愜意啊！ (3)How_excited we were at the news that Chinese Women national volleyball team had won the gold medal in the Olympic Games！聽到中國女排獲得了奧運(yùn)會(huì)的金牌時(shí)，我們多么激動(dòng)??！ (4)How_pleasant_a_surprise it is to know that our school English paper is undergoing some reform! 知道我們學(xué)校的英文報(bào)正在改版，真是又驚又喜！ [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 (1)What＋a/an＋adj.＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(＋主語＋謂語)！ (2)What＋adj.＋不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)(＋主語＋謂語)！ (3)How＋adj./adv.(＋主語＋謂語)！ (4)How＋adj.＋a/an＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(＋主語＋謂語)！ 注意事項(xiàng) what與名詞連用構(gòu)成感嘆句， how與形容詞或副詞連用構(gòu)成感嘆句。 [背寫作佳句] (1)(2018全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá)) How delighted I am to know you are invited to a dinner party by your Chinese friend.(開頭句) (2)(2017全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá)) Amazed at how skilful they were, I was determined to learn papercutting.(要點(diǎn)句) 2．Would you mind ...? [教材原句]　Would_you_mind_showing me your ticket？/Would_you_mind_if I saw your ticket? [悟拓展例句] (1)Would you mind if I used (use) your puter? (2)Do you mind if I open (open) the window? (3)Would you mind telling (tell) me what the climate is like in California? (4)I cant hear the news clearly.Would you mind my/me turning (turn) up the radio? [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 (1)Would you mind if ...did ...？某人做……你介意嗎？ (2)Do you mind if ...do ...？某人做……你介意嗎？ (3)Would/Do you mind doing ...？請你做……好嗎？ (4)Would/Do you mind (sb./ones) doing ...？某人做……你反對嗎？ 注意事項(xiàng) (1)表示“不介意”的答語通常有：No, of course not./Certainly not./Not at all./Go ahead./Do as you like./Not in the least.等。 (2)表示“介意”或“不同意”時(shí)則常用較委婉的方式加以拒絕。例如：Im sorry but I do./Sorry, youd better not./Im afraid you cant./Id rather you didnt./Im sorry, but its not allowed.等。 [背寫作佳句] (1)Would you mind if I was later than the fixed time？(要點(diǎn)句) (2)Would you mind explaining that again？(要點(diǎn)句) [詞塊、句式過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　 Ⅰ.選詞填空 get on， take off， be short for， out of date， refer to， at a speed of， not ...any more， for the first time 1．When the plane took_off,_the elderly woman was so nervous that she couldnt help screaming. 2．A middleaged woman with a baby in her arms got_on the crowded subway, and a young man stood up and gave his seat to her. 3．Mary was a shy girl when I met her for_the_first_time. 4．When I said that someone didnt finish their homework, I referred_to Johnson. 5．I regret saying that we were not going to be friends any_more when we had a quarrel. 6．My mothers cell phone is out_of_date,_but she doesnt agree to buy a new one. 7．Today, these kind of activities are called STEM, which is_short_for Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics. 8．Its dangerous for a green hand like you to drive at_a_speed_of 120 kilometers an hour. Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子 1．你認(rèn)為當(dāng)我遇到這種事時(shí)應(yīng)該做什么？(do you think) What do_you_think_I_should_do when I meet something like this? 2．在炎熱的夏季跳進(jìn)河里洗澡是多么開心的事情??！(what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句) What_fun_it_is to jump into a river on a hot summer day! 3．你介意我在這兒拉小提琴嗎？(would you mind ...) Would_you_mind_if I played the violin here? 4．(2017全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))除此之外，有著名的藝術(shù)家將當(dāng)場表演如何剪紙。(how to do) In addition, there are famous artists who will perform how_to_cut_paper on the spot. Ⅲ.概要寫作 概要寫作是閱讀理解和書面表達(dá)的有機(jī)結(jié)合。所給短文的文體以說明文、議論文為主。概要寫作旨在考查考生的閱讀理解能力和概括運(yùn)用英語語言知識(shí)的能力。 [寫作技法指導(dǎo)] 一、題型特點(diǎn) 要求考生進(jìn)行概要寫作的閱讀材料原文詞數(shù)一般為300詞左右。要求考生閱讀原文后根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫出一篇約60詞的內(nèi)容概要。概要所用語句既要用詞準(zhǔn)確，結(jié)構(gòu)合理，語義連貫，不得抄寫原文，又要能完全概括出文章的中心大意。 二、注意事項(xiàng) 1．詞數(shù)要限制在60詞左右。 2．要根據(jù)文章的體裁特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行概要寫作。 3．人稱和時(shí)態(tài)要與所給文章中的人稱和時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，但必要時(shí)也可變換成第三人稱。 4．寫作時(shí)盡可能地使用復(fù)合句，必要時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)換詞性，不得完全照搬照抄原文。 三、寫作步驟 第一步：歸納主旨大意(含段落大意) 1．概要寫作的第一步便是閱讀短文并抓取主題，進(jìn)而提取主旨大意，即有關(guān)該主題的主要內(nèi)容或作者在該主題上的觀點(diǎn)或主張。歸納主旨大意，是為了整體上把握語篇要義，有利于區(qū)分主次、剔除細(xì)節(jié)信息。 2．確定段落主旨句時(shí)，要兼顧語篇大背景，即在全文主旨大意的統(tǒng)領(lǐng)下歸納段落主旨，將段落主旨納入語篇主旨的架構(gòu)中。不是所有的段落都有現(xiàn)成的段落主旨句，有的段落主旨句需要考生根據(jù)段落內(nèi)容予以歸納和概括。 閱讀語篇時(shí)，根據(jù)不同的文體可采取以下方法歸納主旨大意： 記敘文 圈出記敘文的六要素(who, when, where, what, how, why)；如果是夾敘夾議文，還要寫出故事給讀者帶來的啟示或寓意 說明文 找出文章要說明的對象、觀點(diǎn)或建議 議論文 提取議論文的三要素(論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、結(jié)論) 第二步：提煉關(guān)鍵詞 1．結(jié)合主旨大意，細(xì)讀段落，找出每個(gè)段落的主旨句和關(guān)鍵詞，區(qū)別段落中哪些是main ideas，哪些是supporting ideas, examples 和additional information。通常是在相對重要的句子中提煉關(guān)鍵詞。正確的關(guān)鍵詞和關(guān)鍵句是概要寫作最重要的內(nèi)容和依據(jù)。 2．消減事例，盡量減少實(shí)事并省略細(xì)節(jié)。 第三步：合并和改寫 1．合并信息首先需要對信息進(jìn)行分類、整合，找到信息之間的聯(lián)系，再將聯(lián)系緊密的信息合并在一起。同一層級的主旨句不宜合并在一起，但如果聯(lián)系緊密，且沒有支持的細(xì)節(jié)信息，可以考慮合并。 2．在核心信息的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行語言表達(dá)形式的改寫，對原文的語言表達(dá)形式盡可能實(shí)現(xiàn)大規(guī)模的改變(改詞、換句型)。 第四步：核查成文 核查連貫性，優(yōu)先考慮使用最短連接詞(but, then, later, finally, besides, thus, therefore, yet, however)；核查標(biāo)點(diǎn)和語法；核查詞數(shù)，并最終連句成文。 [經(jīng)典案例示法] 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。 Your hunger doesnt necessarily mean you are really hungry.It is an important sign of what is happening in your body — physically, emotionally and mentally.Sounds strange? It is true and here in this article we shall discuss certain things that your hunger is trying to tell you. When you feel hungry, try to figure out if you are really hungry.Sometimes when you think that you are hungry, you might be thirsty.It is possible that you have been dehydrated (脫水) for a long time and your body is sending a signal through your hunger.So instead of eating, go for water and quench your thirst at the earliest. If you feel hungry all the time, it could mean that y