挖掘裝載機,挖掘,發(fā)掘,裝載 電算程序 鏟斗動臂舉升仿真： #include "stdio.h" #include "math.h" #include "graphics.h" #define pi 3.1415926 main() { float l1,l2,l3,l4,a,b; int x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,x4,y4; int gdriver=DETECT,gmode; initgraph(&gdriver,&gmode,"c:\\mydocuments\\tc"); cleardevice(); line(20,460,400,460); line(20,460,20,20); circle(20,230,3); circle(20,320,3); l1=sqrt(pow(119,2)+pow(130,2)); l2=sqrt(pow(210,2)+pow(230,2)); x2=(int)(12*sin(135*(pi/180))); y2=(int)(230-12*cos(135*(pi/180))); l3=sqrt(pow((250-x2),2)+pow((460-y2),2)); l4=sqrt(pow((240-x2),2)+pow((y2-430),2)); x1=(int)(l1*sin(135*(pi/180))); y1=(int)(230-l1*cos(135*(pi/180))); circle(250,460,3); circle(240,430,3); line(x2,y2,250,460); line(240,430,250,460); b=60*(pi/180); for(a=70*(pi/180);a<145*(pi/180);a+=pi/180) { cleardevice(); line(20,460,400,460); line(20,460,20,20); circle(20,230,3); circle(20,320,3); line(20,230,x1,y1); line(x1,y1,x2,y2); circle(x2,y2,3); line(20,320,x1,y1); circle(x1,y1,3); x3=x2+l3*sin(a); y3=y2+13*cos(a); x4=x2+l4*sin(a+b); y4=y2+l4*cos(a+b); circle(x3,y3,3); circle(x4,y4,3); line(x2,y2,x3,y3); line(x2,y2,x4,y4); line(x3,y3,x4,y4); getch(); } for(a=135*(pi/180);a>50*(pi/180);a-=pi/120) } line(20,460,400,460); line(20,460,20,20); circle(20,230,3); circle(20,320,3); x1=(int)(l1*sin(a)); y1=(int)(230-l1*cos(a)); circle(x1,y1,3); line(20,320,x1,y1); line(20,230,x1,y1); x2=(int)(12*sin(a)); y2=(int)(230-12*cos(a)); circle(x2,y2,3); line(x1,y1,x2,y2); getch(); } getch(); } Loading Machine System Reliability Analysis The loading machine system reliability analysis and optimization is for our country " 15 " builds one kind of great technical equipment served with basic industry in the 2015 older in age phases planning and infrastructure , and its extensive use is in multitudinous domains of national economy , and pushes forward the development that the nation built the cause . As a result of near 40 years the effort , our country loading machine trade has had than the development greatly , but product standard , scope and enterprise character are compared with the advanced country , and following that upward the analysis will be less than about 15 years entire , especially large-scale loading machine gap is speedily developed and is compared with national economy development strategy objective and world science and technology more greatly , far away not changes the passive backward aspect , contrary there being trend bringing up further in the technology . The made in our country loading machine with price hangs down , the characteristic of satisfied general cubic meter of engineering shovel fortune school assignment requirement of ability , hence at home the owning rate of the market only 1/3, for Ka Tebi's lux and small loose same's type about for the price of made in our country loading machine of 90%1,1. has in the ordinary engineering the stronger competition power , but at home focal point cubic metre of earth and stone 1 Cheng Zhongyin's reliability is wrong and life span is short , JL does not have a location , all by abroad the product is monopolized . The near price superiority owing to the made in our country loading machine of several years have about closely adding 0 export every year , and occupy 1.5% of the gross output about . Therefore can speak , the characteristic of internal market is Xiamen . engineering China produces the machine can not to advance , and moves that in the engineering to enter port the machine not sell well . The made in our country loading machine trade advance is than fast at the aspect of structure capability and structure spare process ability to the mentioned above explanation , and has been close to the advanced standard of abroad , but at the aspect of engine and major transmission part , the barrier rate height has restricted product overall quality and technology raising of standard because of affairs . In spite of there being many new products to be published in every year , their transmission part is almost alike , thus the quality standard is also almost alike . Therefore chooses the transmission system of technical performance first-in , and wasing out not to agree with that to close the nation will be the key that raises the loading machine product quality about standard and backward transmission part . " the blurred reliability analysis loaded the machine system " being load the machine studying as a system , viewpoint and method with the system are analysed to the reliability of each sub system , and reasonably distribute reliablely spending , and makes system the reliable degree can optimize the disposition , thus raise the reliability of whole set . " the reliability while the deceleration parachute of wheel optimizes the design " is using the reliability to optimize this modern times design method of design , and makes the machine wheel loading can pledge while the reliability of these key parts of deceleration parachute , and makes the intrinsic defect of traditional design method can surmount . Owing to the fact that the reliability is to loading the machine market competition importance energetically , the research of this aspect are all attached importance to in home and abroad academic circles and industry circle verymuch . The advanced country is resonablely discussed to go up constantly to weed through the old to bring forth the new , and accumulated rich experience in practice , and has conquered the solid foundation , and makes his product reliability be in the lead colleagues of other abroads greatly . At the same time , our country is in this domain , and still imperfect in theory , being short of the support of a large number of foundation work in the practice , the product reliability is behind . Development and the research content of 1--2's reliability research and reliability branch of learning gives rise to and develops the general situation and breathes out World War II phase , and Germany has put forward the generally thought of reliability when improving his V- I and V-I's T's rocket capability . The department such as sea and Lu air force etc of the United States owing to his technical equipment frequently breaks down and can not effectively use , research aspect in 1945 Nian Zhi being in progress a large number ofly in 1950 about the reliability . Then , the plane of United States group thread operation had B0% can not take off before , and 50% breaks down during electronics apparatus Guangxi university Master academic degree thesis ware use , and the normal work time average of electronics device has only 20 hours on the bomber , and the electronics device on the navy naval ships and boats has 70% to break down at the initial stage of the use . The Gao Guzhang rate of electronics device has caused highly attaching importance to of people , thus has promoted reliability research firstly to get the quick development in the electronics domain . Founding first American nation reliability committee in New York 195 4 years , nations such as the Britain , former Soviet Union and Japan etc have begun reliability research work from in 20 centuries the 50's ends in succession . The stage 1 ( in 1943 to 1958 ) has chiefly been described the generally rate statistics property of the average life on the exponential distribution law foundation of establishment . The research is thought , and possesses unavoidable nature hence what hinders occur the product and his cause is the random event . The characteristic of reliability research is the stage ( in 1958 to 1968 ) , and the trial to have developed the real reliability is energetically assessed , as well as the collection of reliability information is worked with dealing with . As a result of the research of this stage , making reliability research work expand the mechanical domain from the electronics domain , enlisting , the matter department has expanded the for civil use department . Is later on the third stage of reliability development in 196 8 years . In this stage , the reliability mathematics theory has got the development further , and makes his closely combine with the technology branch of learning , and has formed reliability trial method and data handling method ; Issue the concerned reliability standard . Has built preventive maintenance system and reliability management organization , and make the education of reliability be universalized in more further . Our country is from 1950 , and primary machine building ministry has been in progress research about the unit to the reliability , and has published two kinds of publications << reliability and environmental test >> and << abroad electronic product reliability and environmental tests >> . Establish the environmental test research institute in Guangzhou again later on . The reliability research of our country has got energetically and has developed from reform and open in 1978 , and many trades have been establish reliability special interest group and are weaved in succession , and has laid down the corresponding reliability standard , and have strengthened the product reliability examining and manage work . As a result of the effort of 20 many yearss , the bigger result has been gained in the mechanical domain of our country engineering at the aspect of product reliability research . To the corresponding reliability quota of mechanical product formulation of engineering and the reliability trial standard of batch process , reliability course advance side by side line special subjects research has been opened to the correlation specialty of colleges and universities , thus has promoted constantly raising of mechanical product quality of engineering . Namely it is very vast that the content reliability branch of learning of two , reliability research is studied the domain , is divided into three basic aspects Reliability basic theory , reliability engineering and reliability management . The reliability basic theory includes reliability mathematics and inefficacy two domains . The probability theory is theory foundation of reliability research with the mathematical statistics . Reliability engineering and reliability management include : 1. the reliability quota is fixed with distributing surely ; 2. the reliability forecasting : 3. the reliability design ; 4 manufacturing reliability ; 5. the reliability trial : 6. the appraisal reliability ; 7. the use reliability ; 8. the reliability management . Along with the development of science and technology , the technology standard of mechanical product of engineering is constantly raised , and user asks also more and more highlyer to the reliability of product , and the reliability standard of product is directly influencing the economic performance of user , and becomes the key factor that the product was competed power . Therefore the mechanical reliability theory research of engineering will suffer attaching importance to of more and more higher , and reliability research also will be gone deep into more further . ' the design method is compared the mechanical system reliability design of 1-3 with the tradition , and the reliability design has his self the characteristic . Thinks that stress , intensity and fail-safe system etc are the singulary variables of certainty in the tradition design : And the variable that generals and ministers of state answers is dealt with the random variable into the multivalue in the reliability design , and obeys _ 50% during Guangxi university Master academic degree thesis ware use is broken down , and the normal work time average of electronics device has only 20 hours on the bomber , and the electronics device on the navy naval ships and boats has 70% to break down at the initial stage of the use . The Gao Guzhang rate of electronics device has caused highly attaching importance to of people , thus having promoted the most before all others quick the develops [ Z ] getting in the electronics domain of reliability research to found first American nation reliability committee in New York 195 4 years , and nations such as the Britain , former Soviet Union and Japan etc have begun reliability research work from in 20 centuries the 50's ends in succession . The stage 1 ( in 1943 to 1958 ) has chiefly been described the generally rate statistics property of the average life on the exponential distribution law foundation of establishment . The research is thought , and possesses unavoidable nature hence what hinders occur the product and his cause is the random event . The characteristic of reliability research is the stage ( in 1958 to 1968 ) , and the trial to have developed the real reliability is energetically assessed , as well as the collection of reliability information is worked with dealing with . As a result of the research of this stage , making reliability research work expand the mechanical domain from the electronics domain , enlisting , the matter department has expanded the for civil use department . Is later on the third stage of reliability development in 196 8 years . In this stage , the reliability mathematics theory has got the development further , and makes his closely combine with the technology branch of learning , and has formed reliability trial method and data handling method ; Issue the concerned reliability standard . Has built preventive maintenance system and reliability management organization , and make the education of reliability be universalized in more further . Our country is from 1950 , and primary machine building ministry has been in progress research about the unit to the reliability , and has published two kinds of publications << reliability and environmental test >> and << abroad electronic product reliability and environmental tests >> . Establish the environmental test research institute in Guangzhou again later on . The reliability research of our country has got energetically and has developed from reform and open in 1978 , and many trades have been establish reliability special interest group and are weaved in succession , and has laid down the corresponding reliability standard , and have strengthened the product reliability examining and manage work . As a result of the effort of 20 many yearss , the bigger result has been gained in the mechanical domain of our country engineering at the aspect of product reliability research . To the corresponding reliability quota of mechanical product formulation of engineering and the reliability trial standard of batch process , reliability course advance side by side line special subjects research has been opened to the correlation specialty of colleges and universities , thus has promoted constantly raising of mechanical product quality of engineering . Namely it is very vast that the content reliability branch of learning of two , reliability research is studied the domain , is divided into three basic aspects Reliability basic theory , reliability engineering and reliability management . The reliability basic theory includes reliability mathematics and inefficacy two domains . The probability theory is theory foundation of reliability research with the mathematical statistics . Reliability engineering and reliability management include : 1. the reliability quota is fixed with distributing surely ; 2. the reliability forecasting : 3. the reliability design ; 4 manufacturing reliability ; 5. the reliability trial : 6. the appraisal reliability ; 7. the use reliability ; 8. the reliability management . Along with the development of science and technology , the technology standard of mechanical product of engineering is constantly raised , and user asks also more and more highlyer to the reliability of product , and the reliability standard of product is directly influencing the economic performance of user , and becomes the key factor that the product was competed power . Therefore the mechanical reliability theory research of engineering will suffer attaching importance to of more and more higher , and reliability research also will be gone deep into more further . ' the design method is compared the mechanical system reliability design of 1-3 with the tradition , and the reliability design has his self the characteristic . Thinks that stress , intensity and fail-safe system etc are the singulary variables of certainty in the tradition design : And the variable that generals and ministers of state answers is dealt with the random variable into the multivalue in the reliability design , and obeys the Guangxi university fixed generally rate statistical distribution of Master's academic degree thesis . In the computational method , the calculation formula of certainty is used in tradition design , and the calculation formula of nondeterminacy is used in the reliability design . The tradition design takes definite allowance stress and fail-safe system as the norm at the aspect that design the norm ; And is that the generally rate that is more than stress with intensity is the norm in the reliability design . Namely , the tradition design is one kind of certainty , the experience design that takes the static state data as the foundation ; But the reliability design is one kind of nondeterminacy , and the reasonable design that the probability theory is the foundation with the statistics data . The system reliability design indicates the system design of whole set system reliability . The reliability is established in the design , explaiing the reliability design of whole set system , and is deciding the whether the most excellent life of whole set system , and the key of whether guaranty reliability standard . The reliability design of whole set system is real using the conditional sum to use and asks to the basis with the field , with the guaranty is the purpose with the ability to raise the whole set system smooth regulation accomplishing merit under the field use condition ability . But the starting point of reliability design is satisfying the reliability quota passing the demonstration from how to begin . The reliability design of whole set system is the component of whole set system overall engineering designation , and the physical design of it and whole set system closely is linked together and interlocks mutually . The reliability design quota is the requirement of independence , and is the important technology quota to pledge whole set system quality and the reliability standard . But , to the reliability design scheme of whole set system and all requirements of reliability design , again in the structure of the whole set system containeding in . Therefore will design the equipment of a first-in , and not only will have the overall scheme of the merit ability of first-in and capability , and still will have a perfect reliability design overall scheme . The fact is proved , the scheme that the whole set system has or not reliability design overall , as well as whether or not the reliability scheme is succeeded , and is the key factor to decide the whole set system success or failure , sees no matter being the manpower from economizes and the resource and reduction cost that still from quickening the trial-production rate of progress , the guaranty product quality is seen with horizontal of reliability , and all has the especially important meaning . The reliability design is blured with the reliability design with the mathematical statistics foundation of probability theory to the mechanical system of 1-4 , and generally calling it convention reliability design or ordinary reliability design , it studies random phenomena that exists in the engineering designation , deals with the design variable in the engineering designation into the multivalue random variable in the essence , thus the design in the justice is given generally as one pleases to the concerned parameter and the quota of system , a new standard is expanded in the design of handle tradition . But the reliability design exists the at the same time of random phenomena , and still exists a large number of blurring effects . Such as there are 3 kinds through abstracting the basic abutment model simplified : Holding solid deciding the end and Jian Zhiduan and free , freely holding has the clear and definite definition , easily recognition , but as far as decide the end admittedly and Jian Zhiduan does not have the clear demarcation line , to the sliding bearing , but the bearing than the width supposes for solid decide end , but the bearing narrower hypothesis for Jian Zhiduan , here " comparatively wide " and " narrower " all is the fuzzy concept . The concerned personage of home and abroad knew the limitations of convention reliability design theory in the 80's later periods . The limitations of convention reliability design theory chiefly shows at the aspect that following several : Firstly , the convention reliability design theory is built on ordinary set theory and two-valued logic foundation . Next the convention reliability design theory is faced with complicatedization of thing and " the tip the is true " description thing quality and the contradiction of state . Finally , the convention reliability design theory is short of the necessary data . The convention reliability design theory is protruding increasingly with the contradiction of engineering practice to the implementation of establishment