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果蔬切丁機(jī)械專題綜述 引言： 隨著果蔬食品加工量的日益增加，一種能實(shí)現(xiàn)大批量、高效率地對(duì)白蘿卜、紅蘿卜、馬鈴薯、芋頭、蕃薯、青椒、瓜類、果類等果蔬食品進(jìn)行切片、切丁的機(jī)器設(shè)備倍受人們關(guān)注。 果蔬切丁機(jī)械是把食品原料如果類、瓜類等加工成片、丁、條等形狀的一類專業(yè)機(jī)械，是食品工業(yè)的技術(shù)裝備，在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)中起著極其重要的作用。近二十年來，隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的不斷發(fā)展，我國(guó)的食品加工機(jī)械行業(yè)由初步形成到逐步發(fā)展，已成為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)不可缺少的部分，但與工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家相比，技術(shù)水平還比較落后。人類進(jìn)人二十一世紀(jì)后，我國(guó)的食品工業(yè)將飛速發(fā)展，對(duì)食品原料的深度加工及綜合利用，方便食品的加工，將促使食品切丁機(jī)械向著更先進(jìn)的專業(yè)化方向發(fā)展。結(jié)合果蔬切丁機(jī)械的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r和特點(diǎn)，對(duì)其發(fā)展作一些探討。 1 果蔬切丁機(jī)械在食品工業(yè)中的地位與作用 食品工業(yè)是國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要組成部分，它為人類的生存、繁衍和社會(huì)發(fā)展提供了物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)，而果蔬機(jī)械是食品的工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)過程中的重要組成部分。食品工業(yè)的發(fā)展帶動(dòng)了食品機(jī)械的發(fā)展，而果蔬切丁機(jī)械的發(fā)展又促進(jìn)了食品工業(yè)的發(fā)展。 食品切丁機(jī)械作為食品工業(yè)的技術(shù)裝備，在人類文明進(jìn)程中曾發(fā)揮了重要作用：應(yīng)用果蔬食品機(jī)械不僅可以減輕人們的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度，節(jié)約時(shí)間，提高效率，而且可以使人們擺脫繁重的體力勞動(dòng)和落后的經(jīng)濟(jì)文化生活，使生產(chǎn)力極大解放；應(yīng)用果蔬食品機(jī)械可以大幅度簡(jiǎn)化了工人繁瑣的工藝操作，實(shí)現(xiàn)一些手工操作所達(dá)不到的特殊加工效果，既保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，又減少了原材料的浪費(fèi)，增加了產(chǎn)量，提高了勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率。另外，應(yīng)用果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械減少了人與食物的直接接觸和病菌傳播的機(jī)會(huì)，有效防止了食物的污染。因此，果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械在食品工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中起著舉足輕重的作用。 2 我國(guó)果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械的發(fā)展?fàn)顟B(tài) 我國(guó)的食品加工工業(yè)歷史悠久，但果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械起步很晚。八十年代初期，這個(gè)行業(yè)一片空白，果蔬食品切片、切丁等加工大都是手工操作，生產(chǎn)率低，且產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量不穩(wěn)定。進(jìn)入八十年代末期，隨著國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷高速發(fā)展，食品工業(yè)發(fā)展很快，對(duì)食品切丁機(jī)械的需求逐漸擴(kuò)大，我國(guó)的食品切丁機(jī)械行業(yè)逐步形成。此外，通過引進(jìn)國(guó)外先進(jìn)技術(shù)和設(shè)備，促進(jìn)了國(guó)內(nèi)技術(shù)水平的提高，研制開發(fā)了許多適用的中小型設(shè)備以及機(jī)械化自動(dòng)化的新型設(shè)備，果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械的品種、產(chǎn)量和產(chǎn)值開始大幅度增加。目前國(guó)內(nèi)從事果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械開發(fā)與生產(chǎn)的企業(yè)有上數(shù)十家，品種也及其豐富，機(jī)械化自動(dòng)化程度有了進(jìn)一步的提高。 3 果蔬切丁機(jī)械的特點(diǎn) 3.1 果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械加工的產(chǎn)品是人們直接人口的食品，食品衛(wèi)生關(guān)系到人們的身體健康，因此，果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械有嚴(yán)格的衛(wèi)生要求。機(jī)械中與食物物料接觸的零部件材料，要求無毒、耐腐蝕，機(jī)械與食品接觸部分必須便于折裝、清洗。結(jié)構(gòu)中不允許有清洗不到的死角，以避免物料的積存和防止微生物在這些部位生長(zhǎng)繁殖。 3.2 目前國(guó)內(nèi)食品切丁機(jī)械中，一部分為國(guó)內(nèi)研制開發(fā)，另一部分是仿造國(guó)外設(shè)備制造，非定型產(chǎn)品多，定型產(chǎn)品少。因此，食品切丁機(jī)械生產(chǎn)類型多種多樣，從單件小批量生產(chǎn)到中批量和大批量生產(chǎn)，而小批量生產(chǎn)是食品機(jī)械生產(chǎn)的主要形式。 4 國(guó)內(nèi)果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械存在的問題 4.1 我國(guó)果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械行業(yè)起步較晚，目前國(guó)內(nèi)從事果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械的專業(yè)技術(shù)人員比較少，實(shí)用技術(shù)水平偏低。國(guó)內(nèi)多數(shù)果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械生產(chǎn)企業(yè)為中小型企業(yè)，生產(chǎn)設(shè)備比較落后，技術(shù)力量薄弱，生產(chǎn)規(guī)模小，經(jīng)濟(jì)效益低。 4.2 國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)有果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量欠佳，尤其是機(jī)械的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性較差。近十幾年來以來，我國(guó)引進(jìn)了一批國(guó)外先進(jìn)技術(shù)與設(shè)備，但對(duì)引進(jìn)技術(shù)消化吸收不夠，多數(shù)是單純的仿制，未結(jié)合我國(guó)的特點(diǎn)，且品種不全。 4.3 我國(guó)關(guān)于果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械的專著不多，相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尚不健全，對(duì)食品機(jī)械方面的基礎(chǔ)技術(shù)研究未系統(tǒng)展開，因此用于指導(dǎo)實(shí)際生產(chǎn)的基礎(chǔ)技術(shù)比較缺乏，而且機(jī)械產(chǎn)品的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、系列化、通用化程度不高，許多果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械的設(shè)計(jì)與制造元章可循。 5 我國(guó)果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械的發(fā)展方向 5.1 從我國(guó)國(guó)情和現(xiàn)有技術(shù)水平出發(fā)，對(duì)果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械方向的基礎(chǔ)技術(shù)展開系統(tǒng)的理論研究，包括原材料的物理性質(zhì)、機(jī)械設(shè)備的技術(shù)參數(shù)、原材料的深度加工和綜合利用等，確實(shí)改善和加強(qiáng)現(xiàn)有技術(shù)力量，提高研制開發(fā)能力。要盡量使機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)與工藝設(shè)計(jì)系列化，提高機(jī)械產(chǎn)品的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、系列化、通用化程度。 5.2 在現(xiàn)代機(jī)械工程中，可靠性是一項(xiàng)不可忽視的重要指標(biāo)，對(duì)果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械來說，其工作要求往往是自動(dòng)化、連續(xù)化的生產(chǎn)線，如果某一環(huán)節(jié)出現(xiàn)故障，將造成整條生產(chǎn)線的停工和原料的浪費(fèi)，因此，提高果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械產(chǎn)品的性能與質(zhì)量，是穩(wěn)定生產(chǎn)、提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率的有效手段。隨著食品工業(yè)的發(fā)展，對(duì)果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械的可靠性、穩(wěn)定性將提出更高的要求。 5.3 當(dāng)代果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械的發(fā)展應(yīng)以先進(jìn)技術(shù)的研究和應(yīng)用為核心。隨著社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展和進(jìn)步，人們對(duì)果蔬食品的品種的需求量將越來越大，食品加工工藝也將不斷地完善與創(chuàng)新，果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械在新技術(shù)、新工藝、新材料不斷開發(fā)與應(yīng)用中向高性能、高效益、低能耗、低成本的方向發(fā)展。 5.4 進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒國(guó)外先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，提高食品切丁機(jī)械的自動(dòng)化水平。在設(shè)計(jì)制造中要既學(xué)習(xí)先進(jìn)的技術(shù)，又結(jié)合我國(guó)國(guó)情，技術(shù)上要先進(jìn)，經(jīng)濟(jì)上要合理，要便于制造、方便使用維修，力求以最低的成本研制出具有我國(guó)特色的高質(zhì)量的果蔬食品加工機(jī)械。 5.5 隨著微電子、計(jì)算機(jī)等高新技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展和市場(chǎng)需要的不斷變化，微電子技術(shù)已廣泛應(yīng)用于各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，并向果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械行業(yè)不斷注入和融合。各種機(jī)械設(shè)備都要向機(jī)電一體化方向發(fā)展，利用微電子技術(shù)對(duì)生產(chǎn)過程進(jìn)行檢測(cè)和監(jiān)督，不僅可以提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率，也能進(jìn)一步保證產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量，使食品機(jī)械向更先進(jìn)的專業(yè)化方向發(fā)展。 中國(guó)永遠(yuǎn)是工、農(nóng)業(yè)大國(guó)，而果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械也將長(zhǎng)期在國(guó)內(nèi)享有一定的發(fā)展前景。無論國(guó)內(nèi)還是國(guó)外，一臺(tái)果蔬機(jī)械開始研發(fā)到產(chǎn)品投入使用都凝聚了不少人的智慧和辛勤。經(jīng)過對(duì)機(jī)器設(shè)備不斷創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)和改進(jìn)，越來越多更能適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)需求的各類果蔬食品切丁機(jī)械已陸續(xù)被生產(chǎn)出來，并投入生產(chǎn)。果蔬機(jī)械在食品工業(yè)中的所占地位是不能忽視的，也正是它的產(chǎn)生，在部分食品加工過程中節(jié)省了很多勞動(dòng)力，很大程度上地提高了生產(chǎn)效率。盡管在對(duì)它的研究上已取得不錯(cuò)的成效，但同時(shí)也還存在一些問題與不足，所以還應(yīng)結(jié)合實(shí)際使用過程中與到的問題，不斷創(chuàng)新和改進(jìn)，以使其結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、性能突出、維護(hù)便利，更具有較高的實(shí)用性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性，產(chǎn)品日趨完善。 參考文獻(xiàn)： 【1】 崔建云，《食品切片機(jī)械設(shè)備》，北京，中國(guó)輕工業(yè)出版社，2004 【2】 沈再春，《農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工機(jī)械與設(shè)備》，北京，中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)出版社，1993 【3】 陸振曦，《食品機(jī)械原理與設(shè)計(jì)》，北京，中國(guó)輕工業(yè)出版社，1997 【4】 崔大同，《果蔬加工機(jī)械》，北京，中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)，1993 【5】 肖旭霖，《食品機(jī)械與設(shè)備》，中國(guó)輕工業(yè)出版社，1999 【6】 劉連蝮.開拓綠色食品國(guó)際市場(chǎng)的探索食品工業(yè)科技2004.No9 P6-8 【7】 涂國(guó)材，《食品工廠設(shè)備》，中國(guó)輕工業(yè)出版社，1991 【8】 張?jiān)Ｖ校妒称窓C(jī)械自動(dòng)控制》，中國(guó)輕工業(yè)出版社，1994 【9】 何啟偉.山東蔬菜產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與展望長(zhǎng)江蔬菜2005 No.4 P4-6 【10】 張紹英.果蔬加工機(jī)械的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略.食品與機(jī)械2005陽.4 P1-3 電機(jī)和傳動(dòng)部件 同步帶置換 1，電源必須與機(jī)器連接并打開。將電源的斷開/鎖定檔切換到“ 0 ” （關(guān)閉）的位 置，并鎖定。使機(jī)器完全停止，然后按下“I” （開始）按鈕，并保持兩秒鐘，以驗(yàn)證該機(jī)器將無法啟動(dòng)。 2，在綠色防護(hù)裝置鎖定開關(guān)狀態(tài)指示燈發(fā)亮后（當(dāng)所有旋轉(zhuǎn)部件閑置），旋轉(zhuǎn)齒輪 室門的鍵柄，打開齒輪室門。 3，通過移動(dòng)支撐防護(hù)裝置的手柄來拆除帶防護(hù)裝置（內(nèi)齒輪室）。 4，松開轉(zhuǎn)軸組件的兩個(gè)夾緊固件（圖50 ） 。 5，松開電機(jī)裝備固件，滑動(dòng)電機(jī)，釋放皮帶張力。拆除帶（圖51）。 圖50 — 轉(zhuǎn)軸上的夾緊固件，（1）夾緊固件，（2）轉(zhuǎn)軸 圖51 — 同步帶（1） 同步帶張力 1， 用機(jī)動(dòng)緊張扳手下滑電動(dòng)機(jī)和有緊張力的同步帶。扳手的鎖銷與支撐外殼上的小 孔配合適當(dāng)（圖52 ）。轉(zhuǎn)軸組件上的夾緊固件必須留適當(dāng)?shù)木o張力，帶也一樣。擰緊電機(jī)墊板緊固件，然后夾緊轉(zhuǎn)軸上的夾緊固件。 2，更換帶防護(hù)裝置并扳手?jǐn)Q緊。 3，關(guān)閉并旋轉(zhuǎn)連接內(nèi)齒輪室和支撐外殼的鍵柄。 圖52 — 用機(jī)動(dòng)緊張扳手來調(diào)節(jié)帶的張緊力 （1）電動(dòng)張緊扳手 電氣裝配 檢驗(yàn) 警告：如果只是在電力方面的問題，一個(gè)合格的電工應(yīng)去檢查或修復(fù)故障。啟動(dòng)裝置表面上帶有對(duì)人體有危害的電壓！電源斷開/鎖定開關(guān)必須打在“0”（關(guān)閉）的位置。盡管開關(guān)是斷開的，但是機(jī)殼上仍然有殘留電壓。必須斷開并鎖定電源，然后再開始電器檢查或修理。 ?? 操作這臺(tái)機(jī)器前必須保證電氣裝配是在良好的工作條件下。為了對(duì)操作放大器和安全開關(guān)、檢查這系統(tǒng)方法的描述，將電氣原理圖貼在啟動(dòng)裝置箱表面上。參閱圖53和54，并檢查以下內(nèi)容。 ?? 起動(dòng)裝置外殼箱：檢查起動(dòng)裝置外殼箱的內(nèi)部，看看有沒有已腐蝕的地方。如果有大量的水積聚在起動(dòng)裝置底部，檢查通氣的水流失，通氣孔應(yīng)暢通無阻。過多的水可能暗示設(shè)備有漏洞或?qū)捤傻那闆r，以至于讓污水流入箱體。檢查所有與箱體鏈接的地方。檢查門窗周圍的墊片。檢查推/拉停止按鈕， “I” （開始）按鈕組件，選擇開關(guān)和裝配上的指示燈是否損壞或腐蝕。如果損壞了的話就用膠靴和標(biāo)燈透鏡來替換。 ?? 圖53 — 帶變頻器的啟動(dòng)裝置箱內(nèi)部 （1）分離開關(guān)，（2）護(hù)罩緊固分離開關(guān)，（3）主要保險(xiǎn)絲，（4）接地端，（5）變壓器，（6）變壓器保險(xiǎn)盒，（7）變頻器，（8）接觸器，（9）停頓顯示器，（10）控制繼電器 圖54 — 啟動(dòng)裝置箱內(nèi)部，交叉線的起始點(diǎn) （1）分離開關(guān)，（2）護(hù)罩緊固分離開關(guān)，（3）主要保險(xiǎn)絲，（4）接地端，（5）變壓器，（6）變壓器保險(xiǎn)盒， 注意：被水或化學(xué)污染損壞的電器元件，不在保修范圍以內(nèi)。 保險(xiǎn)絲：拆除變壓器保險(xiǎn)絲座上的變壓器保險(xiǎn)絲。觀察歐姆表或串聯(lián)的燈。如果一個(gè)保險(xiǎn)絲更換，其他所有該類型的保險(xiǎn)絲也應(yīng)更換。 ?? 機(jī)器配備了變頻驅(qū)動(dòng)器（VFD顯示） ：目前，驅(qū)動(dòng)器一般使用的是315 /V7 。設(shè)備通電后，如果驅(qū)動(dòng)器上的數(shù)字顯示仍未發(fā)亮，就聯(lián)系Urschel實(shí)驗(yàn)室。 ?? 停頓監(jiān)測(cè)：終端設(shè)備應(yīng)保持緊湊和不受腐蝕。如果檢測(cè)器被損壞了，就必須更換。 ?? 電源線濾波器（VFD顯示）：見手冊(cè)上部分章節(jié)里的電器組件插圖。 ?? 防護(hù)罩鎖定開關(guān)：如果促動(dòng)器鍵損壞或彎曲，更換或拉直。檢查電線是否有破口或磨損的情況。設(shè)備接通電源后，如果綠色防護(hù)開關(guān)狀態(tài)指示燈不照亮，聯(lián)系Urschel實(shí)驗(yàn)室。如果強(qiáng)行打開了開關(guān)，而一段時(shí)間后又自動(dòng)關(guān)閉，那必須更換開關(guān)。只要使用開關(guān)提供的新螺絲釘。當(dāng)拆除和更換箱蓋時(shí)，手動(dòng)解鎖裝置必須在“鎖定”的位置（圖55）。 圖55 — 防護(hù)罩固定開關(guān) （1）綠色防護(hù)罩固定開關(guān)狀態(tài)指示燈，（2）防護(hù)罩手動(dòng)解鎖 ?? 更換蓋子時(shí)，綠色狀態(tài)指示燈必須在更換鏡頭里面。為了保持水密功能，盡量用力擰緊蓋子的七個(gè)螺絲釘，直到蓋子和開關(guān)組件之間沒有間距為止，但千萬不能擰得太緊。 ?? 注意：兩個(gè)螺絲位于蓋子下面的保護(hù)閘開關(guān)上，以起到用專門合銷來控制鎖定開關(guān)組件在一定位置的作用，這種合銷絕不能用其他組件來來取代。 ?? 中斷開關(guān)：終端設(shè)備應(yīng)保持緊湊和不受腐蝕。建議扭矩為5.0英寸磅（80英寸盎司）或0.56牛頓/米。檢查傳感器、驅(qū)動(dòng)器和電線的損壞情況。如開關(guān)有任何缺陷，應(yīng)及時(shí)更換。檢查開關(guān)是否對(duì)齊。推進(jìn)器必須在傳感器里面的1/32（8毫米）處，以完成安全開關(guān)電路（圖56）。 警告：操作該機(jī)器前一定要進(jìn)行保戶閘/中斷開關(guān)系統(tǒng)的測(cè)試。 圖56 — 傳感器和推進(jìn)器必須成一線，并推進(jìn)器必須在傳感器里面的1/32（8毫米）處 （1）傳感器，（2）推進(jìn)器 變頻驅(qū)動(dòng)器的設(shè)計(jì) 驅(qū)動(dòng)器已安裝到電器外殼后，要更換變頻驅(qū)動(dòng)器就必須得有頻率設(shè)計(jì)。在設(shè)備上或手冊(cè)中的30頁都涉及到“速率圖”，根據(jù)下面的程序設(shè)計(jì)它的替換單位。 警告：為了設(shè)計(jì)驅(qū)動(dòng)器，必須給起動(dòng)機(jī)外殼提供電壓。當(dāng)設(shè)備運(yùn)行和供電時(shí)，它上面帶有對(duì)生命危險(xiǎn)的電壓！只有合格的電氣技師才能檢查，安裝，或設(shè)計(jì)變頻驅(qū)動(dòng)器。 1，將電源斷開/鎖定開關(guān)切換到“ O”（關(guān)閉），打開起動(dòng)機(jī)外殼門，將電源斷開/鎖定開關(guān)接到外殼里面的機(jī)器上，打開電源。 2，設(shè)置一個(gè)編好了驅(qū)動(dòng)頻率程序的選擇開關(guān)，頻率驅(qū)動(dòng)器有一個(gè)操作標(biāo)記的數(shù)字顯示（圖57）。將可以從這臺(tái)GPD315/V7驅(qū)動(dòng)器上的顯示器上讀出允許設(shè)置的最低值。 圖57 — FPD 315 驅(qū)動(dòng)器，數(shù)字式操作標(biāo)記 （1）數(shù)字顯示，（2）數(shù)字變動(dòng)鍵（增加），（3）數(shù)字變動(dòng)鍵（減?。?(4) 讀/寫鍵 3，輸入的速率時(shí)顯示的是赫茲。用數(shù)字鍵增加或減少數(shù)值，從圖表中觀察頻率設(shè)置。 警告：不要嘗試讓電動(dòng)機(jī)超速！超速可能造成安全隱患，使機(jī)器部件過磨損 ，超速 運(yùn)行還將導(dǎo)致發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)過熱。 4，當(dāng)數(shù)值正確的顯示并閃爍時(shí)，按下“ DATA/ENTER” 鍵或“ Enter” 鍵，該顯 示器將停止閃爍，這表明該數(shù)值已輸入。 注意：改變預(yù)先設(shè)定好的速度將永久地改變這些值，要返回到原來的設(shè)置，請(qǐng)按照遵循 步驟1-4。 5，將電源斷開/鎖定開關(guān)打在開斷位置，關(guān)閉起動(dòng)機(jī)外箱的門，并鎖緊。 刀具維護(hù) 刀具的維護(hù)指南： 要根據(jù)刀具工作條件、刀具材料類型、刀具工作時(shí)間對(duì)其定期檢查、削尖或更換。遵循這些指南以獲得最佳使用效果： 1， 要試圖靠鋒利刀口來消除所有的缺陷，這種做法將降低刀具的使用壽命。一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)小缺陷不會(huì)影響刀的性能。 2，新的不應(yīng)該與舊刀放在一起，這樣放置可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致劣質(zhì)切削口。把同一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)軸上所有的刀具放在一起，并使它們尖銳，定期檢測(cè)刀的寬度或直徑，以確保一批刀具中所有的刀都是相同的尺寸大小。 3，推薦的最小尺寸：最小尺寸的目的是為了滿足絕大多數(shù)的要求滿。但是，每個(gè)客戶必須研究的所切出來的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，以確定什么樣的刀更實(shí)惠更有用。指定最小尺寸的目的是為了滿足絕大多數(shù)的要求。有些客戶也許可能更喜歡刀面小一點(diǎn)的刀，但有些人可能會(huì)更注重刀具減到最小尺寸之前切片質(zhì)量惡化程度。除非另有說明，否則應(yīng)在橫切刀切削刃的背面刀處測(cè)量橫切刀尺寸;測(cè)量圓形刀的直徑，除非另有說明。 刀的類型 刀編號(hào) 最小尺寸 橫切刀 42281 595”(15.1mm) 42446 1.125”(28.6mm) 42460 223”(5.7mm) 圓形刀 42265 底部鋸齒 切片（直的，可更換） 53178 1.249（31.7mm） 切片（直的） 見77頁 3.750”(95.3mm) 刃磨設(shè)備 ?? Urschel實(shí)驗(yàn)室的制造設(shè)備能夠快速、有效地磨刀，下面的設(shè)備可供使用; ? ?WG珩磨機(jī)可以用來磨切片刀和橫切刀（僅有直切刀）。模型DC，使用33224工件幫助42281橫切刀和42446切片刀插入。使用 33225工件為42460橫切刀插入。使用 33256工件為所有其他切片刀插入。 ?? CKG珩磨機(jī)是用于精磨圓形刀。CKG珩磨機(jī)可以從有磨3-1/2“圓形刀的工廠里買到。不安裝有磨3-1/2“圓形刀的珩磨機(jī)必須具備某些其他安裝部分，使用下列程序： ?? 警告 ：珩磨機(jī)上安裝有極其尖銳的刀;觸摸刀時(shí)千萬小心！ 1，確保珩磨機(jī)的電源是斷開的。 2，給3-1/2”圓形刀安裝珩磨轉(zhuǎn)軸，刀架和滾邊螺柱（圖58）。珩磨轉(zhuǎn)軸（編號(hào)33083）包括珩磨支架，內(nèi)部零件，護(hù)罩和珩磨輪。珩磨支架上的軸安裝在電機(jī)軸（4”刀位置）的第二個(gè)孔里 。在刀架（編號(hào)33081）上安裝提升直徑正面。滾邊螺柱（編號(hào)33023）的第二位鉆洞上安裝配套的螺釘（請(qǐng)注意，這部件編號(hào)仍保持不變，但部件已被修改。螺柱應(yīng)該有四個(gè)點(diǎn)鉆孔。） 圖58 — CKG磨刀石設(shè)備處于圓盤刀刃的3-1/2處 （1）細(xì)磨刀石托架，（2）架置位置為細(xì)磨刀石組件，（3）刀架輪轂，（4）固定螺釘，（5）板強(qiáng)筋（固定螺釘安裝在第二個(gè)孔），（6）細(xì)磨刀石盾，（7）螺釘，（8）刀夾具輪轂，（9）鎖緊螺母，（10）磨刀輪子 3，通過松動(dòng)螺釘和滑移防罩盡可能地將珩磨護(hù)罩按在適合的位置，反復(fù)擰緊螺釘。 4，把刀鉗樞紐拉出夾緊位置 ，讓刀從刀支撐樞紐上移開。松開電機(jī)軸樞紐上的固定螺釘，在電機(jī)軸上滑移樞紐和刀具，直到刀剛好接觸珩磨輪，擰緊固定螺釘。 5，調(diào)整刀鉗如有必要。刀鉗應(yīng)夾住刀，靠著很緊的樞紐，這樣就不能旋轉(zhuǎn)，還不會(huì)太緊以至于使電機(jī)回轉(zhuǎn)和使基座扭曲（制動(dòng)裝備軸必須適當(dāng)調(diào)整，以測(cè)試刀的旋轉(zhuǎn)）。調(diào)整刀鉗，松開兩個(gè)鎖堅(jiān)螺帽和移動(dòng)鉗螺絲鉗。 6，按常規(guī)方式把刀放在珩磨機(jī)上磨鋒（從模型CKG機(jī)手冊(cè)獲取更多信息）。如果有太多的刀口脫落，調(diào)整樞紐。如果性能不好的金屬脫掉，松開防護(hù)罩上的螺釘，朝著刀口方向輕輕滑移磨刀石。 拋光 警告：只有受過訓(xùn)練的合格的人員才能拋光刀。使用適合的眼睛和呼吸系統(tǒng)的保護(hù)工具，并有適當(dāng)?shù)姆雷o(hù)拋光砂輪。手拿刀的時(shí)候要注意安全。千萬不要嘗試去抓住掉下的刀！如果你在拋光操作期間弄掉一把刀，要趕緊把它拿走放好。 ?? 通過研磨、銼、磨刀石磨橫切刀時(shí)，可能會(huì)有毛邊，拋光將出去這些毛邊。 在直徑至少是2英寸 （ 51毫米）直徑法蘭之間并排安裝2個(gè)或4個(gè)10 英寸（254毫米）直徑的拋光砂輪。拋光砂輪和插銷的拋光劑可從Urschel實(shí)驗(yàn)室得到（見“工具”，67頁）。 ?? 打開減震器（3600RPM），在拋光砂輪外徑上涂橡膠膠料，頻繁地涂這種涂料以使刀快速鋒利。 注意：如果過量涂這種涂料，拋光砂輪會(huì)變硬，使之失效。 如果發(fā)生這種情況，使用拋光砂輪耙來軟化拋光砂輪，這種耙可以從工業(yè)供應(yīng)商家里得到。 ?? 用把手夾緊刀具時(shí)，要小心謹(jǐn)慎！向上傾斜地牢牢固定刀子，正好與減震器上轉(zhuǎn)軸中心線相平行（圖59）。將刀刃推入拋光砂輪，插入到輪的 1/16“-1/8”（1.5毫米）。在各個(gè)方向上以高速穩(wěn)定的轉(zhuǎn)速向前移動(dòng)刀通過拋光砂輪，拋光整個(gè)刀刃。幾個(gè)快速的過程的效果比慢慢的一步一步的更好。請(qǐng)勿將刀子長(zhǎng)時(shí)間放在拋光砂輪的一個(gè)地方，那樣可能會(huì)熱燒傷刀刃。如果仍有毛刺或金屬絲，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)刀子并傾斜把它拋光。繼續(xù)拋光，從一面到另一面轉(zhuǎn)換，直到金屬線或毛刺消失。 圖59 — 拋光刀時(shí)正確部位（頂部）和錯(cuò)誤部位（底部） （1）刀俱，（2）拋光輪 刀向前傾斜一個(gè)輕微的角度，銳化所有表面皺縮的刀口，首先是在一個(gè)方向，然后在其他；接著，拋光刀刃剩余部分時(shí)刀應(yīng)保持垂直和水平。 ?? 刀向前傾斜一個(gè)輕微的角度，銳化一個(gè)表面皺縮的刀口，首先是在一個(gè)方向，然后在其他；接著，拋光刀刃剩余部分時(shí)刀應(yīng)保持垂直和水平。 ??? 拋光時(shí)，可能使刀不鋒利的原因有以下幾種： 1，刀刃可能過于鈍化或生硬。要回復(fù)鈍化的刀刃斜度和角度，必須經(jīng)過研磨或用銼來銼，類似于制造一把新刀。 2，刀必須貼在拋光砂輪的正確位置上（圖59） 。 3，砂輪上太少或太多拋光化合物。 4，拋光砂輪尺寸不足。當(dāng)砂輪直徑磨損到8-3/4”（2mm）后，就要報(bào)廢。 疑難解答 問題 原因 糾正 設(shè)備不能工作 電源斷開鎖定開關(guān)在“0”（關(guān)閉）位置； 把電源斷開鎖定開關(guān)打在“ I”（打開）位置。 手動(dòng)釋放兩個(gè)護(hù)罩鎖定開關(guān)之一是在“打開”位置 手動(dòng)釋放兩個(gè)開關(guān)都打在“鎖定”位置，第17頁。 電源防護(hù)鎖定開關(guān)打在“0”（關(guān)閉）的位置 電源防護(hù)開關(guān)打在“ I”（打開）的位置，第54頁。 按/拉停止按鈕按下去后沒有恢復(fù) 拔出拉推/拉停止按鈕，第28頁。 覆蓋和護(hù)罩沒有安全封閉 確保覆蓋和護(hù)罩是安全封閉的，檢查彎曲或扭曲的支架，見“覆蓋和護(hù)罩”，見34-35頁 。 VFD顯示錯(cuò)誤或警告 在VFD上顯示錯(cuò)誤代碼。斷開連接糾正錯(cuò)誤或警告（參考VFD手冊(cè)）打開連接，如果屏幕上仍顯示錯(cuò)誤代碼，聯(lián)系Urschel實(shí)驗(yàn)室。 VFD故障;當(dāng)設(shè)備通電后，數(shù)字顯示操作標(biāo)記上沒有數(shù)字顯示沒有顯示 聯(lián)系Urschel實(shí)驗(yàn)室。 構(gòu)件的銷鍵彎曲或斷裂 拉直或更換銷鍵。 保險(xiǎn)絲熔斷 檢查總線和變壓器保險(xiǎn)絲。見“ 檢查”，54-55頁 。 電氣系統(tǒng)故障 檢查電氣系統(tǒng)。見“ 檢查”，54-55頁。 過載保護(hù)繼電器跳閘 等待5分鐘，按“ 復(fù)位”按鈕。見“ 電動(dòng)機(jī)超載”，31頁。 覆蓋或此輪護(hù)罩無法打開（護(hù)罩開關(guān)狀態(tài)燈未亮） 電源護(hù)罩?jǐn)嚅_撥在“0”（關(guān)閉）位置。 把電源護(hù)罩開關(guān)撥在“ I”（打開）位置，第54頁。 護(hù)罩開關(guān)螺線管失效 更換護(hù)罩。 設(shè)備未接電源、電源未打開 將設(shè)備連接到電源上，開打電源。 電源故障 手工撥護(hù)罩開關(guān)到“解鎖”位置，第14頁。 變壓器保險(xiǎn)絲熔斷 更換變壓器保險(xiǎn)絲，第54頁。 覆蓋或此輪護(hù)罩無法打開（護(hù)罩開關(guān)狀態(tài)燈亮） 在開關(guān)狀態(tài)指示燈發(fā)亮前覆蓋的拔閂沒有栓上，這將導(dǎo)致銷鍵懸掛 通電前，推動(dòng)覆蓋門，使之完全緊閉，第34頁。 在開關(guān)狀態(tài)指示燈亮前護(hù)罩鍵柄旋轉(zhuǎn)，這將導(dǎo)致銷鍵懸掛 通電前，推動(dòng)護(hù)罩門，使之完全緊閉，第34頁。 護(hù)罩開關(guān)故障 聯(lián)系Urschel實(shí)驗(yàn)室。 電機(jī)常見的超載 機(jī)器超負(fù)荷或堵塞 見“機(jī)器超載或堵塞校正” 。第31頁。 進(jìn)給速度過高 見“ 進(jìn)料方法” ，第29頁。 刀鈍化 按要求銳化或更換刀具，頁68-69。 電源電壓太低 工作電壓必須至少是額定電壓的95％。 電動(dòng)機(jī)問題 聯(lián)系Urschel實(shí)驗(yàn)室位，找到最近的電動(dòng)機(jī)服務(wù)中心 生成品堵塞切粒機(jī)組 橫切刀安裝有點(diǎn)靠后 正確安裝橫切刀，見“ 組裝”，第49頁或“ 橫切刀更換” ，第40頁。 生成品擁堵在金屬盤和圓盤刀之間 金屬盤沒有得到徹底清潔 當(dāng)清洗機(jī)器時(shí)，要確保所有細(xì)屑已從金屬盤中清除。 質(zhì)量低劣的切塊 把折皺的箱子用著平的箱子，或把平的蓋子當(dāng)著折皺蓋子來用 使用不同的蓋子時(shí)，皺縮對(duì)皺縮，平直對(duì)平直，不能混用。 橫切刀安裝得有些靠后 正確安裝橫切刀，見“ 組裝” ，第49頁或“ 替換橫切刀更換”，第40頁。 Motor and Drive Parts TIMING BELT REPLACEMENT 1, Power source must be connected to machine and turned on. Turn the power disconnect/lockout switch to the “O” (OFF) position and lock out. Allow machine to come to a complete stop, then press the “I” (START) button and hold for two seconds to verify that the machine will not start. 2, After the green guard locking switch status light illuminates (when all rotating parts are idle) rotate the latch handle on the gear compartment door and open the gear door. 3, Remove the belt guard by removing the hand knob that holds the guard (inside the gear compartment). 4, Loosen the two pinch fasteners in the jack shaft spindle assembly (Figure 50). 5, Loosen the motor mounting fasteners and slide the motor to release belt tension. Remove the belts (Figure51). Figure 50—Loosen pinch fasteners in jack shat spindle assembly (1) Pinch Fasteners,(2) Jack Shaft Spindle Assembly Figure 51 – Timing Belts(1) TIMING BELT TENSION 1, Use the motor tension wrench to slide the motor and apply tension to the timing belts. The pin on the wrench fits in a hole on the support housing(Figure52). The pinch fasteners in the jack shaft spindle assembly must be properly tension both belts. Tighten the motor mounting fasteners, and then tighten the pinch fasteners in the jack shaft spindle assembly. Figure 52 – Using the motor to apply belt tension. (1) Motor Tension Wrench 2, Replace belt guard and tighten with the hand knob. 3, Close and rotate latch handle connecting the gear compartment door and support housing. Electrical Assembly INSPECTION WARNING: In the event of an electrical problem, only a qualified electrician should inspect or repair the fault. Voltages dangerous to life exist in the starter enclosure! The power disconnect/lockout switch must be in the “O”(OFF) position. Live voltages are still present in the box even though disconnect is off. Always disconnect and lock out power source before beginning electrical inspection or repair. The electrical assembly must be in good working condition before operating this machine. For a description of the amplifier and safety switch operation and method for checking this system. Electrical schematics are located in the starter enclosure. Refer to Figures53 and 54 and inspect the following: Figure 53 – Starter enclosure interior with variable frequency drive. (1) Disconnect Switch, (2) Guard Locking Switch Power Disconnect, (3) Main Fuses, (4) Earthing Terminals, (5) Transformer, (6) Transformer Fuses Block, (7) Variable Frequency Drive, (8) Contactor, (9) Standstill Monitor, (10) Control Relay Figure 54 – Starter enclosure interior, across-the-line start. (1) Disconnect Switch, (2) Guard Locking Switch Power Disconnect, (3) Main Fuses, (4) Earthing Terminals, (5) Transformer, (6) Transformer Fuse Block, (7) Overload Relay, (8) Contactor, (9) Standstill Monitor, (10) Control Relay Starter enclosure: Inspect interior of starter enclosure for corrosion. If a significant amount of water accumulates in the bottom of the starter enclosure, check the breather drain. Breather drain should be free from obstruction. Excess water could also indicate an opening or loose fitting that allows water to enter the enclosure. Check all access points to the enclosure. Check gasket around door and window. Inspect push/pull stop button, “I” (START) push button assemblies, selector switches and pilot light assembly for damage or corrosion. Replace rubber boots and pilot light lens if damaged. NOTE: Electrical components that fail due to water or chemical contamination are not covered under the warranty. Fuses: Remove transformer fuses, located in the transformer fuse blocks. Check with an ohmmeter or continuity light. If one fuse is replaced, all others of that type fuse should also be replaced. Machines equipped with variable frequency drive(VFD):The drive currently in use is the GPD315/V 7. If the digital display on the drive is not illuminated when the machine is energized, contact Urschel Laboratories. Standstill monitor: Terminals should be tight and free from corrosion. Monitor must be replaced if damaged. Power line filter (CE compliant machine with VFD): See the electrical assemblies illustrations in the “Parts” section of this manual for part locations. Guard locking switches: Replace or straighten actuator key if it is damaged or bent. Check cords for cuts or abrasions. If the green guard locking switch status light does not illuminate when power to the machine is connected, contact Urschel Laboratories. Switch must be replaced if it has been forced open while locked. Use only new screws that are supplied with the switch. Manual release must be in “l(fā)ock” position when removing and replacing lid( Figure 55). Figure 55 – Guard Locking Switch. (1) Green Guard Locking Switch Status Light, (2) Guard Locking Switch Manual Release Green status light must be inside the lens when replacing the lid. To maintain watertight features, securely tighten the seven screws for the lid until there is no gap between lid and switch assembly. Do not over tighten. NOTE: The two screws located under the lid on the guard locking switch act as special dowel pins locking the switch assembly into place and must not be substituted. Interrupt switch: Terminals should be tight and free from corrosion. Recommended torque is 5.0 inch pounds (80 inch ounces) or 0.56 Newton-meters. Check sensor, actuator and cord for damage. Switch should be replaced if any defect or damage is defected. Check switch alignment. Actuator must be aligned and within 1/32 (8mm) of sensor to complete safety switch circuit (Figure 56). WARNING: Always perform the guard locking/interrupt switch system test before operating the machine. Figure 56 – Interrupt switch sensor and actuator must be aligned and within 1/32” (8mm). (1) Sensor, (2) Actuator VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE PROGRAMMING A replacement variable frequency drive must have frequencies programmed after the drive has been installed into the electrical enclosure. Refer to the “Speed Chart” on your machine or on page 30 in this manual and program the replacement unit according to the following procedure. WARNING: Starter enclosure must be energized in order to program the drive. Voltages dangerous to life exist when equipment is open and energized! Only a qualified electrician should inspect, install, or program variable frequency drive. 1, Turn power disconnect/lockout switch to “O” (OFF). Open starter enclosure door. Operate the power disconnect/lockout switch mechanism in the enclosure to turn power on. 2, Set the selector switches to the first drive frequency to be programmed. The frequency drive has a digital operator with a display (Figure 57). The display for the GPD 315/V7 drive will read the lowest setting allowed. Figure 57 – FPD 315 Drive, digital operator. (1) Digital Display,(2) Numeral Change Key, (increase), (3) Numeral Change Key, (decrease), (4) Read/Write Key 3, Enter the speed in the display in hertz. Increase or decrease the value with the “numeral change” keys. See the chart for frequency settings. CAUTION: Do not attempt to over speed the motor! Over speeding could create a safety hazard and cause excessive wear on machine parts. Under speeding will cause the motor to overheat. 4, With the value correctly displayed and flashing, press the “DATA/ENTER” or “ENTER” key. The display will stop flashing, indicating that the value has been entered. NOTE: Altering preprogrammed speeds will permanently change these values. To return to original settings, follow steps 1-4. 5, Operate the power disconnect/lockout switch mechanism in the enclosure to turn power off. Close and lock starter enclosure door. Knife Care KNIFE CARE GUIDELINES Knives should be inspected and sharpened or replaced at regular intervals depending upon operating conditions, type of product and hours of operation. Follow these guidelines for best results: 1, Do not attempt to remove all defects from the knife edge by sharpening. This practice results in shortened knife life. Small defects will not affect knife performance. 2, New knives should not be installed beside worn knives. This arrangement may result in poor quality cuts. Keep all the knives from one spindle in a set and sharpen them together. Periodically check knife width or diameter to make sure all the knives in a set are the same size. 3, Recommended minimum dimensions: The following minimum dimensions are intended to give satisfactory results for most applications. However, each customer must look at the quality of cut on his product to determine at what point knives are resharpened beyond usefulness. The minimum dimensions stated are intended to give satisfactory results for most applications. Some customers may be able to give satisfactory results from knives ground smaller, but some may notice a deterioration in quality of out before the minimum size is reached. Measure crosscut knives from the cutting edge to the back of the knife unless otherwise noted; measure the diameter of circular knives unless otherwise noted. Type of knife Knife No. Minimum Size CROSSCUT 42281 595” (15.1mm) 42446 1.125”(28.6mm) 42460 223” (5.7mm) CIRCULAR 42265 Bottom of serrations SLICING,(straight,replaceadle) 53178 1.249 (31.7mm) SLICING,(straight) see page 77 3.750” (95.3 mm) SHARPENING EQUIPMENT Urschel Laboratories manufactures machines to quickly and efficiently sharpen knives. The following machine are available; Model WG honing machine is used to sharpen slicing knives and crosscut knives (straight cut only). For the Model DC, use workrest 33224 for 42281 and 42446 crosscut knives and slicing knife insert .Use workrest 33225 for 42460 crosscut knives. Use workrest 33256 for all other slicing knives. Model CKG honing machine is used to place the best possible edge on circular knives. The Model CKG can be purchased from the factory ready to sharpen 3-1/2” circular knives for the Model DC. Honers that are not set up to sharpen 3-1/2” circular knives must have certain parts installed. Use the following procedure: WARNNING: Honers place an extremely sharp edge on knives; handle knives with care! 1, Make sure the honer is unplugged from the power source. 2, Install hone assembly, knife holder hub and edge roller stud for 3-1/2’’circular knives (Figure 58). The hone assembly (part number 33083) contains the hone bracket and internal parts, the shield and the honing wheel. The stud on the hone bracket is installed in the second hole from the motor shaft (4” knife position). The knife holder hub (part number 33081) is installed with the raised diameter facing out. The edge roller stud (part number 33023) is installed with the set screw in the second spot drilled hole from the outside end (Note that this part number has remained the same but the part has been modified. The stud should have four spot drilled holes.) 3, Position the hone shield in as far as possible by loosening the screw and sliding the shield. Retighten the screw. 4. Pull the knife clamp hub out of the clamping position. Hold a knife against the knife holder hub. Loosen the set screw in the motor shaft hub and slide the hub and knife on the motor shaft until the knife just touches the honing wheel. Tighten the set screw. 5, Adjust the knife clamp if necessary. The knife clamp should hold the knife against the hub tight enough so that it cannot be rotated yet not so tight that it drives the motor back and distorts the base (the brake arm assembly must be properly adjusted to test for knife rotation). To adjust the knife clamp, loosen the two locking nuts and move the clamp in or out. 6, Place a knife in the honer and sharpen in the normal manner (see the Model CKG instruction manual for more information). If too much of the knife edge is removed, readjust the hub. If insufficient metal is removed, loosen the screw on the hone shield and slide the hone slightly forward against the knife edge. BUFFING WARNING: Only qualified trained personnel should buff knives. Use adequate eye and respiratory protection, and a properly guarded buffing wheel. Hold knife securely. Never attempt to catch a dropped knife! Should you drop a knife during the buffing operation, move away and let it tall. When crosscut knives are sharpened by grinding, filing or honing, a slight wire edge may be produced. Buffing will remove this wire edge. Install two to four 10" (254 mm) diameter buffing wheels side by side between flanges at least2" (51 mm) in diameter. Buffing wheels and bars of buffing compound are available from Urschel Laboratories (see “Tools", page67). Turn on the buffer (3600RPM) and hold the bar of buffing compound firmly against the outside diameter of the buffing wheels to apply alight coating of compound. Apply compound frequently to obtain sharp edges quickly. NOTE: If excess compound is applied, the wheel will harden, making it ineffective. Should this occur, Use a buffing wheel rake, available from an industrial supplier, to soften the wheel. When holding knives, be cautions and use a firm grip. Hold the knife firmly with the bevel side up, parallel with and just below the center line of the shaft of the buffer (Figure 58). Push the knife edge into the buffing wheel, penetrating the wheel 1/16"-1/8"(1.5-3mm). Move the knife endwise and buff the entire edge across the buffing wheel with a steady rapid movement in each direction. Several rapid passes are better than one or two slow ones. Do not hold the knife in one area of the buffing wheel too long as the edge may heat and burn. If a burr or wire edge remains, turn the knife over and buff with the bevel side down. Continue buffing, switching from side to side, until wire edge or burr is gone. Sharpen all sides of crinkle knife edges by tipping the knife endwise at a slight angle, first in one direction and then in the other. Next, the knife is held straight and level to buff the remainder of the cutting edge. With bevel side up, sharpen side surface of crinkle knife edge by tipping the knife endwise at a slight angle, first in one direction and then in the other. Next, the knife is held straight and level to buff the remainder of the cutting edge. Figure 58 – Model CKG honing machine set to sharpen 3-1/2” circular knives (1) Hone Bracket, (2) Mounting Position for Hone Assembly, (3) Knife Holder Hub, (4) Set Screw,(5) Edge Roller Stud (set screw seats in second hole), (6) Hone Shield, (7) Screw, (8) Knife Clamp Hub, (9) Locking Nuts, (10) Honing Wheel Failure to obtain sharp edges by buffing may be caused by the following: 1, Edges may be too dull or blunt. Blunt edges must always be ground or filed to restore a bevel width and angle similar to that found on a new knife. 2, Knives must be correctly held against the buffing wheel (Figure 59). 3, Too little or too much buffing compound on the wheel. 4, Undersize buffing wheels. Discard the buffing wheels when they are worn to8-3/4" (222 mm) diameter. Figure 59 – Correct position (top) and incorrect position (bottom) for knife during buffing .(1) Knife, (2) Buffing Wheel Troubleshooting PROBLEM CAUSE CORRECTION Machine Does Not Start Power disconnect lockout switch is in the "O"(OFF)position Turn power disconnect lockout switch to the "I"(ON) position. Manual release on either of the guard locking switches is in the "unlock" position Turn manual release to the "lock" position on both switches, page 17. Guard locking switch power disconnect is in the "O"(OFF)position Turn guard locking switch power disconnect to the "I"(ON) position, page 54. Push/pull stop button is not pulled out after being pushed Pull push/pull stop button out, page 28. Covers and guards not securely closed Make certain covers and guards are securely closed. Check for bent or twisted brackets that will prevent switches from lining up. See "Covers and Guards", pages34-35. VFD fault or warning Not error code displayed on VFD. Turn disconnect off. Correct fault or warning (refer to VFD manual).Turn disconnect on. If error code is still displayed, contact Urschel Laboratories. VFD failure; no display on digital operator when machine is energized Contact Urschel Laboratories. Actuator key is bent or broken Straighten or replace the actuator key. Blown fuses Check main and transformer fuses. See "Inspection", pages 54-55. Electrical system malfunction Inspect electrical system. See “Inspection", pages 54-55. Overload relay tripped (across-the-line start) Wait 5 minutes. Press “RESET" button. See "Motor Overload", page31. Feed Cover or Gear Compartment Door Will Not Open(Guard locking Switch Status Lights Not Illuminated) Guard locking switch power disconnect (located inside starter enclosure) is in the “O”(OFF) position. Turn guard locking switch power disconnect to the “1”(ON) position, page 54 Guard locking switch solenoid failure Replace guard locking switch. Power source not connected to machine and turned on Connect power source to machine and turn power source on. Power failure Turn the guard locking switch to the “unlock” position using the manual release, page 14. Blown transformer fuse Replace transformer fuse, page 54. Feed Cover or Gear Compartment Door Will Not Open (Guard Locking Switch Status Lights Are Illuminated Feed Cover door draw latch is unlatched before guard locking switch status light illuminates causing actuator key to hang up Push feed cover door completely closed before opening, page 34. Gear compartment door latch handle is rotated before guard locking switch status light illuminates causing actuator key to hang up Push gear compartment door completely closed before opening, page 34. Guard locking switch malfunction Contact Urschel Laboratories. Motor Frequently becomes Overloaded Machine overload or jam See “Correcting Machine Overload or Jam”. Page 31. Feed rate too high See “Feeding Method”, page 29. Dull knives Sharpen or replace as required, pages 68-69. Power source too low Incoming power must be at least 95% of specified voltage. Motor problem Contact Urschel Laboratories for location of nearest authorized motor service center. Product Jams in Dicing Unit Crosscut knives installed backwards Install crosscut knives correctly. See “Reassembly”, page 49 or “Replacement of Crosscut Knives”, page 40. Product Jams Between Stripper Plate and circular knives Stripper plate area not thoroughly clean When cleaning machine with hose, make sure all fines are cleared from stripper plate area. Poor Quality Cuts Crinkle case used with flat lid, or flat case used with crinkle lid Use crinkle case with crinkle lid and straight lid with straight case. Crosscut knives installed backwards Install crosscut knives correctly. See “Reassembly”, page 49 or “Replacement of Crosscut Knives”, page 40.