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The Olympic Games 【閱讀理解插花】 Vitamin B could help reduce the effects of the most dangerous type of air pollution, according to a new study published on Monday. In the first study of its kind, a team of international researchers looked into the damage caused by one of the pollutants that have the severest impact on health—PM 2. 5. They found that Vitamin B supplement could effectively reduce the impact of the tiny particles(顆粒)on the human body, although they stressed that the research was in its early stages. According to the WHO, 92% of the world’s people are living in places where the PM 2. 5 level goes beyond the remended level. So it’s urgent to find a solution to the problem. According to this study, published in the PNAS, 10 volunteers were initially exposed to clean air and given a placebo(安慰劑)to check their baseline responses. The group then kept on taking placebos for four weeks before being exposed to heavily polluted air from downtown Toronto, where an estimated 1, 000 cars passed every hour. The bad air was delivered to the volunteers through an “oxygen type” face mask. The experiment was then repeated, with each volunteer taking a Vitamin B supplement daily, made up of 2. 5 mg of folic acid, 50 mg of Vitamin B6, and 1 mg of Vitamin B12. Vitamin B6 can be found in liver, chicken, nuts and other things, and Vitamin B12 in fish, meat, eggs, milk and some cereals. The researchers found that four weeks of Vitamin B supplements reduced the damage of PM 2. 5 effects by 28-76%. The results emphasized how prevention at an individual level could be used to fight against the damage of PM 2. 5, the researchers said. 【文章大意】本文主要通過一些實驗告訴我們維生素B對減輕PM 2. 5對身體的傷害有什么樣的功效。 1. What’s the newly discovered effect of Vitamin B in Paragraph 1? A. It can be used to replace other vitamins in our daily life. B. It can help lower the air pollution level in the open air. C. It can reduce the impact of PM 2. 5 on human bodies. D. It can get rid of the pollutants remaining in our bodies. 【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Vitamin B could help reduce the effects of the most dangerous type of air pollution, according to a new study published on Monday. ”, 可知維生素B可以減少造成空氣污染的危險物質(zhì)的影響, 而后一句又提到了對健康危害最大的危險物質(zhì)是PM 2. 5, 故選C。 2. What can be learned from the second paragraph? A. Further study about the effect of Vitamin B needs to be done. B. Vitamin B is the most important to human’s health. C. The tiny particles in the air are made up of PM 2. 5. D. 92% of the world’s people are affected by PM 2. 5. 【解析】選A。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“. . . although they stressed that the research was in its early stages. ”可知關(guān)于維生素B的功效的研究還處于初期階段, 所以仍需進一步的研究探索。 3. How did researchers draw the new conclusion about Vitamin B? A. By referring to a journal. B. By performing experiments. C. By interviewing scientists. D. By paring vitamins. 【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“The experiment was then repeated, with each volunteer taking a Vitamin B supplement daily, made up of 2. 5 mg of folic acid, 50 mg of Vitamin B6, and 1 mg of Vitamin B12. ”, 中的experiment表明研究者是通過做實驗得出新的結(jié)論的。 4. You may read the passage on a website about ________. A. environment　　　　　 B. medicine C. education D. health 【解析】選D。推理判斷題。本文主要通過一系列實驗告訴我們維生素B可以減輕PM 2. 5對我們身體的傷害, 主題圍繞著健康展開, 故選D。 教材與語法填空 根據(jù)教材課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Pausanias and Li Yan are talking about the similarities and 1. (different) between the ancient and modern Olympics. The ancient Olympic Games were first held in Athens, in which only men from the Greece had the honour 2. (pete). Now great changes 3. (take) place to the Games. There’re two main sets of Olympic Games 4. (hold) on a regular basis. Only athletes 5. have reached the agreed standard will 6. (admit) as petitors. Nowadays any country can take part in the Games. Women play a very important role 7. the Games. Countries pete with each other 8. (host) the Games. 9. is a great responsibility and honour to be chosen. Even the olive wreath has been replaced. The motto of the Games is “10. (swift), Higher and Stronger”． 答案：1.differences　2.to pete　3.have taken　4.held 5．who　6.be admitted　7.in　8.to host　9.It　10.Swifter 教材與話題寫作 (Ⅰ)用本單元所學知識完成下列句子。 1．奧運五環(huán)旗中的五環(huán)代表地球上的五大洲。(stand for; continent) 答案：The five rings on the Olympic flag stand for the five continents on the earth. 2．任何國家都可以參加奧運會。(take part in) 答案：Any country can take part in the Olympic Games. 3．只有達到他們各自統(tǒng)一的標準的運動員才會被接受為競賽選手。(admit; athlete; petitor) 答案：Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as petitors. 4．除了運動員，也有一些志愿者。(apart from; volunteer; as well ) 答案：Apart from athletes, there are some volunteers as well. 5．他們?yōu)閵W運會提供服務(wù)，比如，負責所有運動員的食宿問題。(offer; take charge of) 答案：They offer help for the Olympic Games, for example, taking charge of the acmodation of the athletes. (Ⅱ)將以上句子連成短文，要求銜接連貫、過渡自然。 【完形填空插花】 I was looking through some old photo albums the other day.I had __1__ done that many times before but I felt a sudden __2__ to see them again.I found myself __3__ so many beautiful memories from my childhood.There was my dear Nana giving me a thorough __4__ when I was a newborn baby.There was me and my brother standing in front of the worlds ugliest __5__ our favorite Christmas tree.There was my beautiful Mom __6__ me on her lap.Then the pictures seemed __7__ all of a sudden because my eyes were wet.I just couldnt __8__ the tears.“What is going on？” I __9__.I hadnt cried the last time.But what was __10__ now? I soon saw that it was I who changed.I had __11__.My spirit had walked a little further down the __12__ of love.I realized as long as they came with a warm heart，wet eyes were __13__ to be ashamed of.I smiled and I felt Mom and Nana smiling __14__ on me from Heaven. Leo Buscaglia said：“Im not afraid of __15__.They clean out my eyeballs.” I think they clean out our __16__ as well.They help us to wash away our pain, fear and grief(悲傷)．They help us to __17__ our love and goodness.They help us to bee who we are __18__ to be.The next time you feel your tears starting，just let them __19__. Life is full of smiles and tears.Only by allowing them both can we __20__ live. 1．A.never B．ever C．a(chǎn)lready D．nearly 2．A.appeal B．sadness C．fear D．urge 3．A.shaping B．reliving C．escaping D．building 4．A.bath B．speech C．hug D．survey 5．A.and B．but C．or D．a(chǎn)s 6．A.spinning B．possessing C．holding D．walking 7．A.beautiful B．blank C．a(chǎn)bnormal D．vague 8．A.fight back B．fight with C．fight for D．fight against 9．A.found B．wondered C．hesitated D．discussed 10．A.heartbreaking B．wrong C．different D．disturbing 11．A.grown B．misunderstood C．insisted D．struggled 12．A.feast B．path C．expectation D．circle 13．A.everything B．something C．a(chǎn)nything D．nothing 14．A.forward B．upwards C．down D．behind 15．A.tears B．failures C．deaths D．illnesses 16．A.petence B．inside C．identification D．development 17．A.look through B．clean out C．learn from D．reconnect to 18．A.used B．reminded C．forced D．meant 19．A.separate B．stay C．flow D．disappear 20．A.truly B．roughly C．generally D．tentatively 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。再次看老相冊時，作者重溫了童年的一些美好回憶，并流下了眼淚。作者從而感悟到生活中充滿歡笑和眼淚，只有允許它們兩者存在，我們才能真正地生活。 【核心詞匯】urge n．強烈的欲望；沖動 v．催促，力勸；強烈要求 I had a sudden urge to call him.我突然很想給他打電話。 We should constantly urge ourselves on to study hard.我們應(yīng)該不斷地鞭策自己努力學習。 1．C　根據(jù)下文的“many times before”以及“I hadnt cried the last time”可知，作者應(yīng)該不止一次看這些老相冊，故此處表示作者之前已經(jīng)(already)多次看過這些老相冊。 2．D　此處表示作者突然有再次看老相冊的沖動(urge)。appeal“懇求”；fear“害怕”。 3．B　此處表示作者重溫(reliving)了許多來自童年時期的美好回憶。shape“塑造”；escape“逃避”；build“建造”。 4．A　根據(jù)下文的“when I was a newborn baby”可知，此處表示作者還是個新生兒時，奶奶給她徹底洗澡，故選A項。 5．B　空前的“the worlds ugliest”和空后的“our favorite”之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用并列連詞but。 6．C　根據(jù)下文的“on her lap”可知，此處應(yīng)表示“我漂亮的媽媽把我抱著放在她的腿上”。hold意為“抱著，托著”，符合語境。spin“快速旋轉(zhuǎn)”；possess“擁有”；walk“遛”。 7．D　上文提到了作者正在看老照片，根據(jù)下文的“because my eyes were wet...the tears”可知作者流淚了，根據(jù)常識可知，此處表示這些老照片變得模糊(vague)了。blank“空白的”；abnormal“不正常的”。 8．A　根據(jù)上文的“because my eyes were wet”和下文的“I hadnt cried the last time.But...”可知，作者這次看老照片的時候哭了，此處表示作者遏制不住眼淚。fight back“忍住，抑制住”，符合語境。fight with“與……爭辯”；fight for“努力爭取”；fight against“對抗”。 9．B　作者以前看老照片沒有哭，而這次看老照片卻哭了。所以作者想知道(wondered)發(fā)生了什么。find“發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到”；hesitate“猶豫，遲疑”；discuss“討論”。 10．C　根據(jù)下文的“I soon saw that it was I who changed”可知，作者很快明白，是她自己和以前不一樣了。故之前作者想知道的問題是“現(xiàn)在有什么是不同的呢”。故選C項。 11．A　根據(jù)下文的“My spirit had walked a little further”可知，此處應(yīng)表示作者的心靈已經(jīng)在愛的道路(path)上走得更遠了一點了，即作者已經(jīng)成長(grown)了。 12．B　參見上題解析。feast“宴會”；expectation“期望”； circle“圈子”。 13．D　根據(jù)上文的“as long as they came with a warm heart”以及下文的“I smiled”可知，該句表示含淚的眼睛沒有什么(nothing)可羞愧的，只要它們伴隨著一顆溫暖的心而來。 14．C　根據(jù)下文的“on me from Heaven”可知，此處表示作者感到媽媽和奶奶從天堂向下(down)沖著自己微笑。 15．A　根據(jù)語境尤其是下文的“They clean out my eyeballs”可知，此處表示“眼淚清洗了我的眼球”，故選tears。 16．B　根據(jù)下文的“They help us to wash away our pain，fear and grief(悲傷)．They help us to...to be”可知，此處表示眼淚不僅清洗了我們的眼球，也清洗了我們的內(nèi)心(inside)。petence“能力”；identification“辨認”；development“發(fā)展”。 17．D　第一段提到老照片讓作者的美好回憶重現(xiàn)，故這里應(yīng)該是表示“眼淚幫助我們重新找回我們的愛和善良”。reconnect to“重新連接”，在這里引申為“重新找回”。look through“瀏覽”；clean out“把……清洗干凈”。 18．D　此處表示眼淚可以幫助我們成為我們想成為的人。be meant to do“打算，想要”。 19．C　根據(jù)上文提到的眼淚的好處可知，此處表示下次你感覺到眼淚開始流的時候，那么就讓它們流下來吧。故選C項。 20．A　生活中充滿笑和淚，只有允許它們都存在，我們才能真正地(truly)生活。roughly“粗略地”；generally“大體上”；tentatively“試探性地”。 下面是李華的一篇作文，文中有五處錯誤，改正錯誤并背誦該文。 The five rings on the Olympic flag stand for the five continents on the earth, that means any country can take part the Olympic Games. But only athletes who has reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as petitors. Apart from athletes, there are some volunteers as well as who offer help for the Olympic Games, for example, take charge of the acmodation of the athletes. 答案： The five rings on the Olympic flag stand for the five continents on the earth, means any country can take part the Olympic Games. But only athletes who reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as petitors. Apart from athletes, there are some volunteers as well who offer help for the Olympic Games, for example, charge of the acmodation of the athletes.