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Unit 2 Growing pains 一、閱讀理解。 “It hurts me more than you”, and “This is for your own good” — these are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework. That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school. The schools and the educators made it easy for us. They thought that it was all right to be parents who take a let-alone policy. We stopped making our children do homework. We gave them calculators, turned on the television, left the teaching to the teachers and went on vacation. Now teachers, faced with children who have been developing at their own pace for the past 15 years, are realizing we’ve made a terrible mistake. One such teacher is Sharon Clomps who says of her students—“so passive” —and wonders what has happened. Nothing is demanded of them, she believes. Television, says Clomps, contributes to children’s passivity. “we’re talking about a generation of kids who has never been hurt or hungry. They have learned somebody will always do it for them, instead of saying ‘go and look it up’, you tell them the answer. It takes greater energy to say no to a kid.” Yes, it does. It takes energy and it takes work. it’s time for parents to end their vacation and e back to work. It’ s time to take the car away, to turn the TV off, to tell them it hurts you more than them but it’ s for their own good. It’s s time to start telling them “no” again. 1.We learn from the passage that the author’s mother used to lay emphasis(重點(diǎn)) on ______. A.learning Latin B.being well behaved C.natural development D.education at school 2.By “permissive period in education” (L1, para.2) the author means a time ______. A.when children are allowed to do what they wish to B.when everything can be taught at school C.when every child can be educated D.when children are permitted to receive education 3.The main idea of the passage is that _______. A.parents should leave their children alone B.kids should have more activities at school C.its time to be more strict with our kids D.parents should always set a good example to their kids 參考答案： 1.B; 2.A; 3.C 解析： 本文是一篇夾敘夾議文章,本文介紹了父母親對孩子疏于管教,聽之任之對孩子的學(xué)習(xí)帶來的負(fù)面影響,建議父母嚴(yán)格要求自己的孩子。 1.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“‘This is for your own good’—these are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin...”(幾年前母親經(jīng)常說“這是為了你好”來要求我把事情做好)即作者的母親過去是很注重紀(jì)律的,對作者要求嚴(yán)格。可知,故選B項。 2.A 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后面的句子“...in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school”可知,指在這段時期里,讓孩子做他們想做的事情。故選A項。 3.C 主旨大意題。文章在第三段中提及父母為孩子做了太多的事情,放任孩子自由,導(dǎo)致孩子沒有受到挫折的打擊,所以應(yīng)該對孩子有更高的要求。故選C項。 二、單項選擇 1.—It angered me that a neighbour accused me _______ kicking her pet. —Oh, you had the right to defend yourself _______ her accusation. A. of; against B. for; from C. against; for D. for; against 【答案】A 2.The officer _______ that Michael did not follow the correct procedure in applying for a visa. A. resisted B. insisted C. diseased D. assisted 【答案】B 【解析】句意：這位官員堅持認(rèn)定Michael沒有按照正確的程序申請簽證。insisted“堅持認(rèn)定/說” 3.What worried the mother most was _______ the Internet after class in this school. A. her son’s not forbidding surfing B. her son’s not being forbidden to surf C. her son’s being not forbidden to surf D. her son’s having not forbidden surfing 【答案】B 【解析】forbid常用于forbid sb.to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。動詞ing形式的否定形式是在其前加not。句意：讓這位母親最為擔(dān)憂的是，在這所學(xué)校她的兒子下課后沒有被禁止上網(wǎng)。 4.And _______,he must review what he has studied at least three times. A. not at all B. in all C. at the last moment D. last but not least 【答案】D 【解析】last but not least最后也是相當(dāng)重要的就是。句意：最后也是相當(dāng)重要的就是，他必須把念過的書至少復(fù)習(xí)三遍。 5.If I had known my life was going to _______ like this, I would have let them kill me. A. find out B. turn out C. give out D. work out 【答案】B 【解析】find out查明；turn out證明是；give out分發(fā)，公布，發(fā)出；work out計算出，制定，鍛煉。turn out that/(to be)+名詞，意為“結(jié)果是，證明是”，like前省略了to be。故選B。句意：如果我早知道我的生活會變成這樣，我寧愿讓他們殺了我。 6.If you do fall out of the boat, your life jacket will help you to _______ until we can find you out. A. stay up B. e up C. make up D. stand up 【答案】A 【解祈】句意：如果你從船上掉下去的話，你的救生衣會幫你不下沉，直到我們找到你。stay up不倒，不沉，熬夜；e up走過來；make up編造，組成；stand up起立。故選A。 7.The man put down the phone with a long face, obviously _______ about the information he received. A. content B. amazed C. happy D. upset 【答案】D 【解析】與with a long face照應(yīng)，此處應(yīng)用upset。be upset about sth.是固定搭配。句意：那個人拉下臉把電話放下，顯然他對接到的消息很失望。 8.Many people with lofty ideals gave their lives in _______ of freedom. A. protection B. guard C. defence D. favor 【答案】C 【解析】in defence of為保衛(wèi)，為捍衛(wèi)，為……而辯護(hù)。句意：許多許多仁人志士為了捍衛(wèi)自由而獻(xiàn)出了他們的生命。 9.That car accident _______ all his life. After that he was limited to a wheelchair. A. damaged B. destroyed C. harmed D. ruined 【答案】D 【解析】damage損壞(程度較輕)；destroy嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞(程度較重，多指事物的損壞)；harm對……有害；ruin毀滅。此處應(yīng)是交通事故。故選D。句意：這次交通事故毀了他的一生，在那之后，他就被限制在了輪椅上(他不得不坐著輪椅)。 10.Just like a voyage at sea, our life journey, whose days are _______, is full of difficulties. A. limited B. gone C. exhausted D. experienced 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我們生命旅程的日子是有限的，正像一次海上航行，充滿了艱辛。limit“限制”，符合句意。 11.Teenage is an especially important stage for us, where we are _______ to go all out to improve ourselves because anything can happen. A.known B. supposed C.thought D.considered 【答案】B 12.As you _______ this book, you will find that each of the millions of people who _______ World War II had a different experience. A. look through, put through B. see through, pushed through C. go through, lived through D. carry through, broke through 【答案】C 【解析】look through看透，仔細(xì)查看，瀏覽，翻閱，溫習(xí)；put through完成，(電話用語)撥通，使穿過 see through看透，識破，支持(某人)到底；push through促成，完成，穿過，擠過；go through通過，瀏覽，仔細(xì)檢查，審查，履行，忍受，經(jīng)歷；live through度過，經(jīng)歷；carry through堅持到底，進(jìn)行到底，貫徹，完成；break through突圍，沖跨，克服，擠過去。句意：當(dāng)你通讀這本書的時候，你將會發(fā)現(xiàn)成千上萬的經(jīng)歷過(度過)二戰(zhàn)的每個人都有著不同的經(jīng)歷。 13.—Whom would you rather _______ with you to the library? —Of course, Mary. A. went B. have go C. have gone D. go 【答案】B 14.It’s over three years since the release of animation Frozen, but the icy queen and her frozen empire are still staying put in the spotlight, as if the movie _______ only last month. A. were released B. had been released C. was released D. would have been released 【答案】B 【解析】考查虛擬語氣。與過去事實相反的虛擬。句意：《冰雪奇緣》上映已經(jīng)三年多了，但冰雪皇后和她的冰雪王國仍然閃耀在聚光燈下，就好像這部動畫上個月才上映的一樣。 15.The reason _______ he told me _______ he was late is an excuse. A. why, that B. that, why C. which, that D. that, which 【答案】B 【解析】本句的主干是：the reason is an excuse。其中的he told me是定語從句，省略了在定語從句中作賓語的引導(dǎo)詞which或that；其中的he was late也是定語從句，也修飾先行詞the reason。引導(dǎo)詞可以用that，for which，why或者不填，在定語從句中作原因狀語。句意：他告訴我的為什么他會遲到的原因完全是個借口。 16.China is at a stage of industrialization _______ the contradiction between economic growth and environmental protection is obvious. A. that B. when C. which D. where 【答案】B 【解析】句意：中國正處于工業(yè)化發(fā)展階段，此時經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和環(huán)境保護(hù)之間的矛盾很明顯。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)一個定語從句，從句修飾的是a stage of industrialization，且when在從句中作時間狀語。 17.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A. which B. it’s C. whose D. whom 【答案】C 【解析】先行詞是“the World Food Programme”，“世界糧食項目”的目的之一是……，whose在定語從句中作定語，這里限定purposes，故選C。句意：1963年聯(lián)合國建立了世界糧食計劃署，其目的之一就是為了緩解世界范圍內(nèi)的饑餓問題。 三、完形填空 Since I was 12 years old, I’ve suffered from a condition called pulsive Hair Pulling(強(qiáng)迫性拔毛癖). The physical destruction was severe, but the emotional ___1___ was worse. When I was young, no one, ___2___ my doctor, knew how to help me. I was alone. Growing up, I didn’t ___3___ anywhere and I suffered great shame knowing I’d brought this ___4___ upon myself. My hands seemed to have a ___5___ of their own. “What’s wrong with me？” I’d often wonder. Sometimes, people asked about my ___6___ of eyelashes(睫毛)and eyebrows. I was lonely, but I kept people at a distance. However, each night, ___7___ I fell asleep, I’d pray to God to send someone who ___8___. Then when I was 25, I read a letter from a mom whose child suffered from the same illness. I could ___9___ believe my eyes. After all these years, I discovered, I was not ___10___. At that moment, my journey for ___11___ began. I took small __12__ at first—telling only a few friends. Some of them tried to understand. Then, they began to ___13___ their secrets with me. I learned to see ___14___ the way God saw me, someone ___15___ love. One day, my ___16___ happened. A friend called with wonderful news. She just met a woman with pulsive Hair Pulling—someone just like me. She gave me her phone number. I was ___17___. I quickly dialed, and from the minute Christina answered, we began to chat like old friends, both thrilled to find someone who understood our pain. We ___18___ to meet soon, only to find we lived just two blocks away. We immediately ___19___ our phones, and in the dark of night, ran outside to the nearby park in our pajamas, ___20___ we hugged, cried and talked for hours. I felt I’d just met my long lost twin, someone who understood my pain and struggles. Yes, it was true. I was not alone. 語篇解讀：“我”在12歲的時候得了一種“強(qiáng)迫性拔毛癖”的怪病，很自卑。在“我”25歲時，當(dāng)“我” 得知有人和“我”一樣患有這種病的時候，“我”覺得自己并不孤單并開始治療。 1. A. conflict B. threat C. damage D. puzzle 【答案】C 2. A. including B. except C. beyond D. containing 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)空格前面的“no one”可知，包括“我”的醫(yī)生在內(nèi)沒有人知道怎樣幫助“我”，故選A項。except“除了”；beyond“超出……的范圍”；but“除……以外”。 第一段譯文：12歲以來，我就一直遭受著強(qiáng)迫性拔毛癥的折磨。身體上的損傷是嚴(yán)重的，但是精神上的傷害更為嚴(yán)重。小時候，誰也幫不了我，包括醫(yī)生也束手無策。我孤零無助。 3. A. belong to B. fit in C. e up D. fall over 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)空格后面的“I suffered great shame”可知，長大后，因為自卑，“我”覺得“我”任何地方都適應(yīng)不了。fit in“適應(yīng)”，符合語境。belong to“屬于”；e up“出現(xiàn)”；fall over“倒下”。 4. A. shyness B. pain C. anger D. shame 【答案】B　 5. A. decision B. solution C. mind D. treatment 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)上文提到的強(qiáng)迫性拔毛癖這種疾病可知，此處表示，“我”的手看起來好像有自己的思想，故選C項。 6. A. color B. shape C. recovery D. lack 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)強(qiáng)迫性拔毛癖的癥狀可知，“我”的睫毛和眉毛很少，故選D項。color“顏色”；shape“形狀”；recovery“恢復(fù)”；lack“缺乏”。 7. A. after B. before C. if D. though 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)生活常識可知，在睡覺之前進(jìn)行祈禱，故選B項。 8. A. understood B. missed C. thought D. listened 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容可知，“我”覺得自己非常孤單，故這兒是在祈禱上帝能送給“我”一個理解“我”的人。understand“理解”；miss“錯過”；think“想”；listen“聽”。 第二段譯文：長大了，我在任何地方都無所適從，對自己患有這種病羞愧難當(dāng)，痛苦不堪。我的雙手似乎擁有它們自己的思想。我常常問道：“我這是怎么了？”有時，人們問我為什么沒有睫毛和眉毛。我很孤獨(dú)，但卻與其他人保持著距離。但是，每天晚上睡覺前，我都祈求增長才智，祈求上蒼派來一個能理解我的人。 9. A. never B. hardly C. seldom D. rarely 【答案】B 【解析】“我”覺得自己很孤單，認(rèn)為不幸的人只有“我”一個人，所以當(dāng)看到這封信，得知有人和自己患有一樣的疾病的時候，“我”幾乎不能相信自己的眼睛，故選B項。never“從不”；hardly“幾乎不”；seldom“很少”；rarely“很少”。 10. A. ill B. weak C. sad D. alone 【答案】D 【解析】經(jīng)過了這些年，“我”發(fā)現(xiàn)自己并不孤單，故選D項。 第三段譯文：25歲那年，我收到一封來自一位母親寫來的信，她的孩子也患有同樣的疾病。我?guī)缀醪桓蚁嘈抛约旱难劬?。這么多年來，我才發(fā)現(xiàn)我并非獨(dú)自一人。 11. A. healing B. praying C. searching D. longing 【答案】A 【解析】“我”開始治病了，故選A項。heal“醫(yī)治”，符合語境。 12. A. efforts B. suggestions C. steps D. walks 【答案】C 13. A. share B. betray C. count D. keep 【答案】A 【解析】在“我”告訴他們“我”的疾病之后，他們開始和“我”分享他們的秘密，故選A項。 14. A. them B. everyone C. anyone D. myself 【答案】D　 【解析】“我”也學(xué)著用上帝看“我”的方式來看“我”自己，故選D項。 15. A. wasting B. deserving C. giving D. refusing 【答案】B 【解析】某個值得愛的人，故選B項。deserve表示“應(yīng)得，應(yīng)受到”。 第四段譯文：從那一刻起，我開始了康復(fù)的歷程。起初我只是邁出了一小步——告訴幾個朋友。她們中一些人設(shè)法理解我，然后開始和我分享她們的秘密。我學(xué)會了用上帝看待我的方式看待自己——某個值得愛的人。 16. A. illness B. symptom C. sadness D. miracle 【答案】D 【解析】有一天，“我”的奇跡發(fā)生了，故選D項。illness“疾病”；symptom“癥狀”； sadness“悲傷”；miracle“奇跡”。 17. A. peaceful B. surprised C. overjoyed D. embarrassed 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)空格后面的“I quickly dialed”可知，“我”此時非常開心，故選C項。peaceful“和平的”；surprised“驚奇的”；overjoyed“極為高興的，十分開心的”；embarrassed“難為情的，尷尬的”。 18. A. went B. ran C. planned D. imagined 【答案】C 【解析】我們很快打算見面了，故選C項。 19. A. dialed B. exchanged C. fell D. dropped 【答案】D　 20. A. where B. when C. how D. why 【答案】A 【解析】在定語從句中，先行詞是“the nearby park”，空格處所填詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故用where引導(dǎo)該定語從句。 第五段譯文：直到有一天，奇跡發(fā)生了。一位朋友打電話帶來了好消息。她剛剛遇到一個患有強(qiáng)迫性拔毛發(fā)癖的人—— 一個和我相似的人。她給了我那個人的電話號碼。我欣喜若狂，快速撥通了電話。從克里斯蒂娜接電話的那一刻起，我們就像老朋友一樣聊起來。彼此為找到了理解自己痛苦的人而激動不已。我們打算盡快見面，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)她和我的住地僅僅兩房之隔。我們立即放下電話，在黑夜中穿著睡衣跑了出去。我們彼此相擁，痛哭流涕，聊了幾個小時。我感覺自己好像找到了失散已久的孿生姐妹，她理解我的痛苦，理解我內(nèi)心的掙扎。 四、七選五 The Science of Risk-Seeking Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 　1　 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work. The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 　2　 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk. So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring persons survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 　 3 　 No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 　 4 　 To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. 　 5 　 For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure bees active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear bees active. As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool. A. It all depends on your character. B. Those are the risks you should jump to take. C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival. D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest. E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards. G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation. 【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，作者講的是有關(guān)冒險的科學(xué)的探索方面的內(nèi)容。 1.F 【解析】選項F中的＂weigh risks and rewards＂與上文的＂weigh the risk and the reward＂相呼應(yīng)，故F項符合語境。 2.C 【解析】選項C中的＂Being better at those things＂與上文的＂were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring＂相呼應(yīng)，因此選C。 3.A 【解析】前文說人們有各種不同的性格，因此你可能喜歡賽車，或者討厭賽車，故A項＂這完全是由你的性格決定的＂符合語境。 4.E 【解析】根據(jù)上文的＂your willingness...teenage years＂及下文的＂hunger for new experiences...＂可知E項符合語境。 5.G 【解析】根據(jù)空后的＂For the risk-seekers...bees active＂可知，此處講的是面對緊張的局面時我們的大腦會有不同的反應(yīng)，故G項符合語境。