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1、高考總復習一輪用書立體設計走進新課堂英 語選修8Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe課程解讀課程解讀話題The Conquest of the Universe(征服宇宙）語法Review of noun clauses(復習名詞性從句）課程解讀課程解讀重點詞匯及拓展1.historic adj.歷史性的，有重大歷史意義的2.witness v.目擊，親眼看見；親身經(jīng)歷3.burst v.爆炸4.view v.看，觀察5.acknowledge v.承認；認為6.random adj.任意的；隨機的7.defeat n.失敗8.accuse v.指責9.s

2、wear v.起誓保證10.latter n.(剛提及的兩個人或物之中的）后一個，第二個11.division n.部分12.foresee v.預知；預見13.aid n.幫助14.broad adj.豐富的；廣泛的15.sympathy n.同情；同情心16.consistent adj.一致的；吻合的17.dignity n.尊貴；尊嚴18.acute adj.劇烈的；激烈的19.stable adj.穩(wěn)定的；安定的20.supreme adj.最高超的；最優(yōu)的21.consult v.咨詢；請教22.accustomed adj.習慣的accustom v.習慣23.assume v.

3、假定，假設assumed adj.假設的assumption n.假設24.patience n.耐心patient n.&adj.病人&有耐心的，忍耐的25.devotion n.忠誠devote v.奉獻課程解讀課程解讀重點短語1.become accustomed to習慣于2.at the very beginning of在一開始的時候3.accuse sb.of sth./doing sth.指責某人（做）某事4.be consistent with和一致5.pray for祈禱，祈求6.set in motion使某事開始7.in spite of不管8.a series of一

4、系列的；一連串的e to ones aid來幫某人10.make it成功；及時到達，趕上重點句型1.and green is likely to be a mixture of water and frozen gases.綠色可能是水和冷凍氣體的混合物。2.little did he know what impact he was going to make.他根本不知道他將要造成多大影響。3.Incredible as it may seem,both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the

5、 inescapable assumption that.盡管看起來不可思議，但科學觀測以及我們?nèi)庋劭吹降淖C據(jù)都必然會讓我們作出一個設想知識要點知識要點要點一要點一 單詞單詞1.assume vt.假定（設）；承擔；呈現(xiàn)假定（設）；承擔；呈現(xiàn)歸納拓展(1)assume that假定，認為assume.to be.認為如何；假定如何assume the duty承擔責任assuming that假定（作狀語）(2)assumption n.假設on the assumption that假定；假設make an assumption that假定；認為知識要點知識要點例句：So we think

6、 it is reasonable to assume that they lived in these caves,regardless of the cold.因此，我們有理由認為他們不顧嚴寒就住在這些山洞里。We assumed the statement to be true.我們假定這種說法是真的。Assuming that/On the assumption that the proposal is accepted,when are we going to get the money?假定這個建議被采納，我們何時能拿到錢？知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】We must _ h

7、im to be innocent until he is proved guilty.A.pretendB.believeC.assumeD.think【解析解析】考查動詞assume的用法。assume sb. to be.“假定某人”。句意為：我們必須假定他是清白的直到他被證明有罪?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識要點知識要點2.burst v.(burst、burst)（使（使)爆裂，（使）破裂；突然爆裂，（使）破裂；突然發(fā)作，沖，闖發(fā)作，沖，闖n.（強烈感情的）突然爆發(fā)；爆炸；破裂（強烈感情的）突然爆發(fā)；爆炸；破裂歸納拓展burst in突然闖進來；打斷burst into突然闖入（住宅）；突然起

8、來burst into tears/laughter/flames=burst out crying/laughing/burning突然哭/笑/燃燒起來burst forth突發(fā)；忽然出現(xiàn)知識要點知識要點例句：The aircraft crashed and burst into flames.飛機墜毀失火了。Reading the story,he burst into laughter/out laughing.讀了那個故事，他大笑起來。The police burst in and looked around.那個警察闖入房間，向四周看了看。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】One

9、minute she burst into _ and the next burst out _ .A.crying;laughterB.tears;laughingC.tears;laughterD.crying;laughing 【解析解析】考查burst into+n.=burst out+v.ing“突然起來”。句意為：前一分鐘她突然大哭起來，后一分鐘她又突然大笑起來。故正確答案答案為B?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識要點知識要點3.acknowledge vt.承認，告知（收到信件、禮物等）；承認，告知（收到信件、禮物等）；感謝感謝歸納拓展acknowledge n./pron./v.-ingt

10、hat從句sb./sth.as/to be.It is universally acknowledged that.是大家所公認的acknowledge sb.向某人打招呼；對某人表示謝意acknowledge sb.s letter向某人表示信已收到知識要點知識要點例句：He never acknowledges his mistakes/that he has made mistakes.他從來不承認自己的錯誤。Having been asked many times,he acknowledged it to be the fact.經(jīng)多次盤問，他承認那是事實。It is univers

11、ally acknowledged that Taiwan is part of China.臺灣是中國的一部分是大家所公認的。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】We _ receipt of your cable No.123 sent this morning concerning the sample.A.attributeB.knowledgeC.acknowledgeD.promise【解析解析】句意為：茲確認，今早我方已收到你方關(guān)于123號樣品的電傳。acknowledge“告知收到，確認”，符合題意?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識要點知識要點We _with a present for y

12、our timely aid when we were in trouble.A.attributedB.knowledgeC.acknowledgedD.promised【解析解析】句意為：我們送上一份禮物以感謝你們在我們困難時提供的及時援助。acknowledge“感謝”。本題缺少謂語，排除名詞B項；A項“把歸因于”；D項“許諾”，均不符合語境?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識要點知識要點4.swear vi.&vt.發(fā)誓，起誓，宣誓，咒罵發(fā)誓，起誓，宣誓，咒罵歸納拓展swear sth.against sb.宣誓承認（某一陳述）屬實以反對某人swear by以名義起誓；深信swear sb.to do

13、 sth.使某人發(fā)誓做某事swear to do sth./that-clause保證做某事swear at詛咒，咒罵例句：Rich tripped over the dog and swore at it.里奇被狗絆了一跤，就咒罵起它來。He has sworn to return the money he owed me.他發(fā)過誓會歸還欠我的錢。I swore what I said was true.我發(fā)誓我所說的都是真的。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】When Johnson was suspected，he _ by his honour that he was innocen

14、t.A.cursedB.swallowedC.arguedD.swore【解析解析】句意為：當約翰遜被當作嫌疑犯時，他以自己的名譽發(fā)誓自己是清白的。swear by“以名義起誓”。【答案答案】D知識要點知識要點5.consult v.咨詢，請教，磋商，會診咨詢，請教，磋商，會診歸納拓展（1）consult sb./sth.about sth.（為獲取資料，得到指點等）請教（別人），查閱（書）等consult with sb.與某人商量（事情）；與某人磋商consult a doctor about ones illness找醫(yī)生看病consult reference books/the dic

15、tionary/a map翻閱參考書/查詞典/查閱地圖（2）consultant n.顧問consultation n.咨詢，商討，協(xié)商知識要點知識要點例句：I consulted a doctor about my headache.關(guān)于我的頭痛病，我咨詢過醫(yī)生。I consulted the telephone book for his address.我查閱電話簿找他的住址。At last，the two sides consulted with each other to settle the problem.最終，雙方協(xié)商解決那個問題。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】The ne

16、w workers can _ veteran workers about skill problems.A.consultantB.consultC.ask forD.require【解析解析】句意為：關(guān)于技術(shù)問題，新工人可以向老工人請教。consult sb. about sth.請教別人。A項意為“請教者，查閱者，顧問”，C項應用ask sb.about sth.，D項不合句意?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識要點知識要點要點二要點二 短語短語1.in spite of盡管，雖然盡管，雖然歸納拓展（1）in spite of后接n./pron./v.- ing形式，不接從句，同介詞despite。（2

17、）in spite of若其后加從句，需用the fact that引導，意為“不管這個事實”。（3）in spite of oneself不由自主地；身不由己地注意：in spite of=despite是介詞短語，后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作讓步狀語；although/ though/ as是從屬連詞，后跟句子作讓步狀語。知識要點知識要點例句：In spite of feeling tired,I decided to your aid.盡管我很累，我還是決定來幫你。The house will certainly sell, in spite of the fact that its ove

18、rpriced.盡管要價過高，那房子肯定將售出。In spite of the hot weather they still run in the playground.盡管天氣很熱，他們?nèi)匀辉诓賵錾吓懿?。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】_ the cold weather, the volunteers came to clean the street as usual.A.In spite ofB.ThoughC.AlthoughD.Regardless of【解析解析】句意為：盡管天氣寒冷，志愿者們還是像往常一樣來清掃街道。in spite of+n.“盡管”;though和alth

19、ough意為“盡管，雖然”，引導讓步狀語從句，但是though不能置于句首，although只能跟句子；regardless of“不管，不顧”，與題意不符?！敬鸢复鸢浮緼知識要點知識要點2.become accustomed to習慣于習慣于歸納拓展(1)become/get accustomed to (doing) sth.習慣于(表動作)be accustomed to (doing) sth.=be used to (doing) sth.習慣于(表狀態(tài))(2)accustom vt.使習慣于，使適應accustom oneself/sb.to (doing) sth.使自己/某人習

20、慣于；養(yǎng)成習慣知識要點知識要點例句：Soon,he became/got accustomed to the hot weather in the south.很快，他就習慣南方炎熱的天氣了。Im accustomed to the school life here now.現(xiàn)在我習慣這兒的學校生活了。It took him a while to accustom himself to the idea.他過了一段時間才習慣這個想法。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】Im not _ up so early yet,but I have to _ myself to it.Yeah.Just

21、 as the saying goes,“An early bird catches the worm.”A.used to getting;adoptB.accustomed to getting;accustomC.used to get;adaptD.accustomed to get;accustom【解析解析】空一考查be accustomed to doing和be used to doing的用法，意為“習慣于做”，故排除C、D兩項；空二考查accustom oneself to sth.“使自己習慣于某事”，若A項中的adopt改為adapt也為正確答案，adapt onese

22、lf to“使某人自己適應某事”，而adopt是“采納，采取”之意?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識要點知識要點3.make it成功；及時到達，趕上；能參加成功；及時到達，趕上；能參加歸納拓展make it big大獲成功make it through熬過，挺過make it to及時趕到make it+time就定為某時間吧；看表是時候make it up to sb.給某人補償make it up with sb.和某人和解；和某人言歸于好知識要點知識要點例句：If we run,we should make it.如果跑著去了的話，我們應該還能趕得上。Cheng Long has made it b

23、ig in action movies.成龍在動作電影上獲得了極大的成功。Frank wondered how to make it through the hard days.弗蘭克不知道如何熬過那些艱難的日子。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】Im afraid you cant _ to the village in an hour;you must allow for the icy road.A.get itB.take itC.make itD.leave it 【解析解析】考查短語make it“到達，做到，成功”的用法。句意為：我擔心你在一個小時之內(nèi)到不了那個村莊；你必須考慮

24、到路面滑?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識要點知識要點It is useless _ to persuade him to get rid of that habit.He cant make.A.trying;itB.to try;thatC.trying;thatD.in trying;it【解析解析】Its useless doing sth.是固定用法，“做某事是無用的”；空二考查固定短語make it“成功，做到”?！敬鸢复鸢浮緼知識要點知識要點要點三要點三 語法語法復習名詞性從句復習名詞性從句.1.若從句在句子中起名詞的作用，我們稱之為名詞性從句，按其句法功能，名詞性從句分為四大類：主語從句（在

25、復合句中作主語）；表語從句（在復合句中作表語）；賓語從句（在復合句中作賓語）；同位語從句（在復合句中作名詞的同位語）。知識要點知識要點2.名詞性從句的引導詞：分類詞形詞義作從句的成分連接詞that/whether (if)是否/連接代詞who (ever)（無論）誰主格主、表、賓whom (ever)（無論）誰賓格賓which (ever)（無論）哪一個（些）主、賓、表、定what (ever)（無論）什么，東西主、賓、表、定連接副詞when什么時間狀where什么地方狀how怎樣，如何狀why為什么狀知識要點知識要點.1.that引導的名詞性從句：（1）that引導名詞性從句，在從句中不充當

26、句子成分，只起連接作用。（2）that引導名詞性從句時，只有在賓語從句中可以省略，在其他從句中一般不省略；但若動詞后有多個that引導的賓語從句時，第一個that可省略，其余的不能省略；that引導的從句如果作介詞賓語，一般只用在except,in,but,besides等少數(shù)介詞后。例句：My deskmate told me (that) he watched a football match last night,but that（不可省略）it was very discouraging.我的同桌告訴我昨天晚上他看了一場足球賽，但是這場足球賽很令人失望。知識要點知識要點2.whethe

27、r/if引導的名詞性從句：（1）在主語從句中，從句置于句首時，必須用whether引導，置于句中時有時可以和if交換，但習慣上多用whether。例句：Whether hell come here isnt clear.他是否來這里還不清楚。（2）在賓語從句中，whether和if一般可互換。注意在下列情況下whether不可用if代替：whether與or not連用時；whether從句作介詞賓語時。（3）表語從句中，表“是否”講，通常用whether引導，而不用if。知識要點知識要點3.當that/if/whether引導的名詞性從句是由and或but連接的兩個并列分句時，則在and或b

28、ut后還需用that/if/whether引導且不可省略。例句：No one knows whether it will be fine tomorrow and whether he will come to work.沒有人知道明天是否會是個好天，他是否會來上班。4.當that引導主語從句時，常用it作形式主語置于句首，而把主語從句放到句子后面去。例句：It was natural that they should have different views.他們持有不同觀點是很自然的。知識要點知識要點.wh-疑問引導詞在名詞性從句中都作成分1.It makes no difference

29、where （地點狀語） we shall have the meeting.我們在哪兒開會都無所謂。注意：wh-疑問從句作主語，常用it作形式主語。2.Ill give you whatever （賓語） you want.你想要什么我都給你。3.This is where （賓語） the problem lies.這就是問題所在。知識要點知識要點【鏈接訓練鏈接訓練】What was it that caused the party to be put off？_ the invitations.A.Tom delayed sendingB.Tom delayed to sendC.Tha

30、t Tom delayed sendingD.Tom delaying sending【解析解析】句意為：是什么導致派對延期呢？湯姆推遲發(fā)出邀請所致。答語的完整形式應為“That Tom delayed sending the invitations caused the party to be put off.”，that引導主語從句，delay后面要跟動名詞作賓語。D項中Tom應改為Toms以構(gòu)成動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)，否則不能作主語。【答案答案】C知識要點知識要點_ the flight to Shanghai will be delayed is _ Im especially worrie

31、d about.A.Whether；whatB.Whether；thatC.When；whatD.How；that【解析解析】句意為：去上海的航班是否會延誤正是我所特別擔心的事情。根據(jù)語境應用whether表示“是否”，而what引導的表語從句作is的表語，且what作worried about的賓語。【答案答案】A知識要點知識要點Can you make sure _ the gold ring？A.where Alice had putB.where had Alice putC.where Alice has putD.where has Alice put【解析解析】make sure

32、后是賓語從句，從句要用陳述語序，故排除B、D兩項；put動作是發(fā)生在過去，而不是過去的過去，故排除A，答案為C?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識要點知識要點People all across the country were praying _ it would not rain on August 8the day of Chinas biggest party.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether【解析解析】考查賓語從句。句意為：全國人民都祈求八月八日中國最大的盛會的日子，不要下雨。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句不缺少成分且意義完整，故答案為A，that只起連接作用?！敬鸢复鸢浮緼知識要點知識要點Its a rule in this library that the most interesting book will be given to _ comes first.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.no matter who【解析解析】選whoever，既作to的賓語，又作comes的主語。此題很容易誤選A，如用anyone,其后必須加關(guān)系代詞who構(gòu)成定語從句。【答案答案】CThank you !