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1、1(2)21.強調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)：It is/was+被強調(diào)部分+that / who+句子的其余部分。強調(diào)句型主要用來強調(diào)主語、賓語、狀語等句子成分。如果強調(diào)的部分是人，可用who, whom代替that。例如：強調(diào)句型強調(diào)句型3Mr Smith bought a new car from the factory last year.史密斯去年從工廠買了一輛新車。強調(diào)主語：It was Mr Smith that/who bought a new car from the factory last year.去年從工廠買新車的是史密斯先生。4強調(diào)賓語：It was a new car that

2、Mr Smith bought from the factory last year.史密斯先生去年從工廠買的是一輛新車。強調(diào)狀語：It was from the factory last year that Mr Smith bought a new car.去年史密斯先生是從工廠買的新車。5強調(diào)句型的一般疑問句形式是： Is/Was it+被強調(diào)部分+whothat+? 例如：Was it from the factory that Mr Smith bought a new car last year?去年史密斯先生是從工廠買新車的嗎？6特殊疑問句形式是：疑問詞+iswas+被強調(diào)部分+

3、that? 例如：Where was it that Mr Smith bought a new car last year?去年史密斯先生是從哪里買的新車？72.使用強調(diào)句的幾個注意方面：（1）not until 結(jié)構(gòu)用于句首時，主語和謂語通常用倒裝語序。但在“It is/was not until that”句型中，that后的主謂不倒裝。例如：8Not until he came back did I know the truth. 直到他回來，我才知道真相。It was not until he came back that I knew the truth. 直到他回來，我才知道真相

4、。9（2）被強調(diào)部分是主語，whothat之后的謂語動詞應該在人稱和數(shù)上與原句中的主語保持一致:It is I who am right.我是對的。It is he who is wrong.他是錯的。It is the students who are in need of practice. 學生需要練習。10（3）被強調(diào)部分是句子中的時間狀語、地點狀語、原因狀語時，不能用when, where, because，要用that。例如：It was because of the heavy rain that he came late. 是因為大雨他遲到的。11（4）被強調(diào)部分既包括人又包括

5、物，用that不用who。例如：It was the things and people that they couldnt forget.他們不能忘記的是這些人和事。12（5）強調(diào)句型用于賓語從句，為一大熱門考點。例如：“She looks sad. Could you please tell me what it is that prevents her from being as happy as before?”“她看起很悲傷，請你告訴我是什么讓她沒有以前那樣快樂？”13（6）考試試題中常將定語從句的考點與強調(diào)句型合考，從而增加試題的迷惑性。例如:It was in Beihai Pa

6、rk where they made a date for the first time that the old couple told us their love story.這對老夫婦向我們講述他們的愛情故事是從北海公園的第一次約會開始的。14（7）強調(diào)句和狀語從句的區(qū)別:It was at 6 oclock that he came back.（強調(diào)句型）他是6點鐘回來的。It was 6 oclock when he came back.（狀語從句）當他回來時，已是6點鐘了。15() 1. It was from only a few supplies that she had bo

7、ught in the village _ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. (2010安徽卷)A. where B. thatC. when D. which16B考查強調(diào)句型。迷惑點在于強調(diào)部分中含有一個定語從句that she had bought in the village。 17() 2. Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with _ extra stress. (2009

8、北京卷)A. it B. themC. one D. him18Ait在句中代指being the parent of a child with special needs; 故選A。 19() 3. Ive read another book this week. Well, maybe _ is not how much you read but what you read that counts. ( 2009浙江卷)A. this B. thatC. there D. it 20D考查強調(diào)句型的用法。把“is”和句中的that省略后，該句話依舊成立，由此可知該題是強調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)，所以答

9、案只能是it。如果不能準確區(qū)分句子結(jié)構(gòu)是該題出錯的主要原因。21() 4. Is it OK if I take this seat? Sorry, _. (2009遼寧卷)A. here you are B. take itC. its taken D. never mind22C由sorry可知座位已經(jīng)有人了，故選its taken。 it 作代詞指代前文的seat。A項“給你”的意思；B項“做吧” ；C項“沒關(guān)系”，道歉時的答語，這三項都和上下文意思不吻合。 23短文改錯解題技巧短文改錯解題技巧【要點概述】一、題型特點：本題給出一篇短文，詞數(shù)在100120左右，其中10行右邊標有題號，要

10、求考生就這10行判斷是否有錯，如有錯即將其改正。錯誤類型包括詞法、句法、行文邏輯等。24二、考點分布：1詞法上，主要涉及：(1)動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、非謂語動詞及情態(tài)動詞的用法等。(2)名詞、代詞的數(shù)、格。(3)形容詞、副詞的比較等級。(4)主謂語一致及其他的一致關(guān)系。(5)連詞、關(guān)系詞的使用等。252句法上，主要涉及簡單句否定、疑問、倒裝、省略、替代等變化。3行文邏輯上，主要涉及人物的性別及與之相對應的物主代詞、句意的并列與轉(zhuǎn)折、時間的順序、數(shù)量的增減以及因果的倒置等。26 三、解題方法： 1通讀全文，把握大意。 短文改錯涉及邏輯行文錯誤，及句子與句子之間必要的聯(lián)系。單獨看可能是對的，但從整體看

11、卻與上下文不符，因此，事先必須通讀全文，把握文章的大意及上下文之間的聯(lián)系。 27 2記住多、漏、錯及正確項命題的數(shù)量比例。在短文改錯中正確項一般只有一個，多項1到2個，漏項1到2個，錯項6個左右。這一比例告訴我們應從哪些方面去發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤，怎樣改正錯誤。 283分句閱讀，逐行改錯。當一個句子分布在上下兩行時，一句中可能有兩處錯誤；如果一行中有兩個句子，則不會兩句都有錯。要著重從以下諸方面去發(fā)現(xiàn)問題：(1)動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、非謂語動詞及情態(tài)動詞。(2)名詞的單復數(shù)、代詞與格、形容詞和副詞的比較等級。(3)冠詞、不定代詞等一些名詞前的限定詞及不定式符號to多用、少用或錯用。29(4)介詞與名詞、形容詞

12、搭配以及作時間狀語的名詞短語前的介詞。(5)不及物動詞后是否缺介詞或副詞、及物動詞后是否多介詞或副詞。(6)名詞性從句的連接詞和定語從句的關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞。(7)句子成分殘缺(一般缺be動詞)。(8)固定搭配和習慣用法。(9)主謂一致、句子中的平行現(xiàn)象以及上下文中的一致現(xiàn)象。30 (10)表示肯定與否定、全部否定與部分否定、并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、因果關(guān)系的詞是否用得恰當，是否影響了句子與句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。 4復讀全文，消除疏忽。 做完后，應把改正后的答案放在短文中去復讀一遍，一查是否通順恰當，二查該加符號的地方是否用了該用的符號，以保證答題的準確率。31 【體驗高考】 此題要求改正所有短文中的

13、錯誤。對標有題號的每一行做出判斷：如無錯誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個勾()；如有錯誤(每行只有一個錯誤)，則按下列情況改正： 此行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。 此行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號()，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。 此行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。 注意：原行沒有錯的不要改。32 (2010全國卷)Christie was one of my best friend at high school. 76. _At that time, we often spend time together.

14、77. _Thank to her help, I made great progress in my 78. _study. Last year, she decided to study abroad. In 79. _33 other words, we would be separated for long time. 80. _Before her leaving off, I prepared a gift to show 81. _my best whishes to him. She said it was the best 82. _34 gift she has ever

15、had. From then on, weve 83. _kept touch with each other through e-mails. I 84. _look forward to see her again in the near future. 85. _3576. friendfriendsone of 結(jié)構(gòu)中需加名詞復數(shù)。77. spendspent時態(tài)錯誤。78. ThankThanksthanks to 多虧。79. 。80. long前加afor a long time 固定表達。3681. 去掉offleave 的意思為“離開”，而leave off的意思為“停止”。

16、82. himher人稱使用錯誤，通過句意可知。83. hashad時態(tài)錯誤。84. touch前加inkeep in touch 固定搭配。85. seeseeinglook forward to 后加doing。37 (2009全國卷)Hi Susan，Im sorry that I wasnt able to return to your 76. _bike on time yesterday. I mean to give it 77. _back to you before four in the afternoon, and I 78. _was hold up on my way

17、 back. Just before I 79. _38 turned corner of Park Street, I happened to 80. _see an accident. A little girl was hurt and her 81. _mother needed help. So I helped them going to 82. _the nearest hospital. I stayed here for one and 83. _a half hour and made sure that the girl was all 84. _right. When

18、I got back, it were already 6 pm. I39 right. When I got back, it were already 6 pm. I 85. _hope you understand. Thank you! Li Ling 4076. 去掉toreturn sth. to sb.。77. meanmeant時態(tài)錯誤。78. andbut連詞使用錯誤，通過句子意思可以判斷。79. holdheld被動語態(tài)，我被困住。80. turned后加the特指那個角落。81. 。 4182. goinggohelp sb. (to) do sth.。83. heret

19、here副詞使用錯誤，通過句意可知。84. hourhours一個半小時，所以用復數(shù)。85. werewas主語是單數(shù)it，所以用was。42 【強化演練】Helen is a twenty-years-old girl. She never had a job 76._before. Now she wanted get a job. So she went to meet 77._Mr. Black, the manager of the hotel. Mr. Black told 78._43 her it was getting very busily in the hotel in

20、the evenings. 79._He asked her if she was interesting in a part-time job. 80._The girl said that she did. Then Mr. Black said she had 81._to work very faster and that she must be there at six 82._44 every afternoon and work from six to ten, Monday to 83._Friday. He offered her with 4.5 dollars an ho

21、ur. Helen 84._pleased with the offer and decided to start work the next day. 85._ 4576. twenty-years-oldtwenty-year-old由“數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞”構(gòu)成的復合形容詞中名詞用單數(shù)。 77. wanted后加towant后跟帶to 的不定式。 78. 第一個theaMr. Black應是酒店的一位經(jīng)理，表示泛指。79. busilybusy作動詞get 后的表語，應用形容詞。80. interestinginterested應為sb. be interested in sth. “對感

22、興趣”。 4681. didwasthat后賓語從句為that she was interested in a part-time job. 故將did改為was。82. fasterfast根據(jù)上下文語意可知沒有比較，所以改為原級。 83. 84. 去掉with應為offer sb. sth. 不用介詞。85. pleased前加was此處pleased為形容詞，故前面加be, 構(gòu)成be pleased with “對滿意”。47 Dear Editor，Id like to tell you anything about the trouble I 76._was facing in bu

23、ying furnitures. The other day, I ordered 77._a set of furniture at an furniture exhibition. Last week 78._they sent me the furniture. So I found the 79._48 colors and the sizes of some pieces were not what I had been 80._ordered. Whats worse, one leg of the desk is broken. 81._I asked them to take

24、back the furniture and gave 82._back money, but they refused. I wrote to the 83._49 director of the factory but there was no answer. 84._I hope where you will publish my letter on the newspaper 85._and help me solve the problem. Yours， John5076. anything something在肯定句中用something。77. furnitures furni

25、turefurniture是不可數(shù)名詞。 78. an aan 后的furniture第一個音發(fā)輔音。79. So But根據(jù)上下文邏輯應是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系而非因果關(guān)系，所以So But。 5180. 去掉been根據(jù)句中邏輯應是I 發(fā)出“訂購”這一動作，所以去掉been。 81. is was陳述過去存在的事實。故is was。82. gave give與前文的to take back the furniture并列作賓語補足語。故gave give。83. 在money 前加the或my 應是退回我買家具的錢，故特指。84. 85. 去掉where或where thathope的賓語從句不缺成分。

26、52 Dear Editor，I am a Senior 2 girl, for studying in the best 76._high school in my city. We had an American 77._teacher and I really want to speak to him. And 78._Im afraid of saying anything that might make 79._53him unhappily due to cultural differences. I am also 80._afraid when my classmates wi

27、ll laugh at me and 81._think I must mad about English. Can you help 82._me? What should I do to get along with this 83._foreign teacher and how can I make a good use 84._of his classes? Im badly in need of his advice. 85._ Mandy5476去掉for直接用v.-ing形式作伴隨狀語。77hadhave全文均是一般現(xiàn)在時。78AndBut前后句應為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。79anythingsomething這里是肯定的陳述句，根據(jù)邏輯應用something才對。80unhappilyunhappy這里構(gòu)成“make sth.+形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，只能用形容詞作賓語。5581whenthat或去掉when這里Im afraid后要用that引導賓語從句。82must后加bemad 是形容詞，需加上系動詞。83 84去掉amake good use of 是習慣表達，其中use是不可數(shù)名詞。85第二個hisyour這里是針對收信人說的話，應該用your。