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1、2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(江蘇卷) 英 語 第二部分:英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分) 第一節(jié):單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分) 請認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 21.We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance ofcoming true. A.whichB.whatC.when D.that 【答案】C 【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我們已經(jīng)進(jìn)入到了一個(gè)時(shí)代，在這個(gè)時(shí)代夢想實(shí)現(xiàn)的機(jī)會最大。句中先行

2、詞為an age（一個(gè)時(shí)代），且先行詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語，所以關(guān)系詞用when。故選C。 22.The musician along with his band members ________ ten performancesin the last three months. A.gives B.has given C.havegivenD.give 【答案】B 【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與主謂一致。句意：在過去的三個(gè)月里，這名音樂家與他的樂隊(duì)成員已經(jīng)完成了十場演出。由“in the last three months”可知，這句話的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故排除AD選項(xiàng)。本句主語為the m

3、usician，為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故選B。 23.The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ theyneed medical assistance. A.if only B.as ifC.eventhough D.in case 【答案】D 【詳解】考查狀語從句的連詞。句意：醫(yī)生給了病人他的手機(jī)號碼，以防病人需要醫(yī)療援助。A. if only要是……多好；B. as if好像，仿佛；C. even

4、 though即使，盡管；D. in case以備，以防，免得。故選D符合語境。 24.More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand forclean energy. A.Takeup B.clearupC.holdupD.spring up 【答案】D 【詳解】考查動詞短語。句意：為了滿足對清潔能源的需求，更多的風(fēng)力發(fā)電站將會被建立起來。A. take up開始從事，占領(lǐng)，開始干（工作）；B. clear up整理，收拾，解決（問題）；C. hold up（論點(diǎn)、理論等）站得住腳，阻擋，舉起；D. spring u

5、p出現(xiàn)，涌現(xiàn)。故選D。 25.Scientists have obtained more evidence ________ plastic is findingits way into the human body. A.what B.that C.which D.where 【答案】B 【詳解】考查同位語從句。句意：科學(xué)家已經(jīng)獲得更多證據(jù)，塑料正在進(jìn)入人們的體內(nèi)。從句不缺句子成分，意思完整，且與evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。故選B。 26.Nowadays the ________ for travelling is shifted from sho

6、pping tofood and scenery. A.priority B.potential C.proportion D.pension 【答案】A 【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)今，旅行的重點(diǎn)從購物轉(zhuǎn)變成了品嘗美食和欣賞風(fēng)景。A. priority優(yōu)先；優(yōu)先權(quán)；B. potential潛在的，可能的；C. proportion比例，占比；D. pension退休金，撫恤金。故選A符合語境。 27.Favorable policies are ________ to encourage employees’professional development. A.in eff

7、ect B.in command C.in turn D.in shape 【答案】A 【詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：好的政策事實(shí)上都會鼓勵(lì)員工專業(yè)水平的提升。A. in effect實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上；B. in command指揮；C. in turn輪流，依次；D. in shape在外形上，處于良好的狀態(tài)。故選A符合語境。 28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ________options to exercise. A.casual B.regular C.flexible D.tight 【答案】C

8、【詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：與傳統(tǒng)健身房不同，應(yīng)用程序支持的健身房為人們提供了靈活的鍛煉選擇。A. casual偶然的，隨便的；B. regular定期的，有規(guī)律的；C. flexible靈活的；D. tight緊的，密封的。根據(jù)常識可知，有應(yīng)用程序，人們的鍛煉方式和時(shí)間會更為靈活。故選C。 29.A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ________ inlove with the people and culture there. A.would fall B.had fallen C.has fallen D

9、.fell 【答案】D 【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：史密斯先生到中國幾個(gè)月后，就喜歡上了那里的人和文化。發(fā)生在had arrived之后，所以應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故選D。 30.________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizensstarted to use smart phones. A.To enjoy B.Enjoying C.To have enjoyed D.Enjoy 【答案】A 【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了享受數(shù)字支付的方便，很多老年市民開始使用智能手機(jī)。此處用不定式表目的，故選A。 31.

10、What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a goodtime together. A.had B.will have C.would have had D.had had 【答案】C 【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意：真遺憾！你錯(cuò)過了這次觀光，否則，我們本應(yīng)該在一起度過一段愉快時(shí)光的。根據(jù)上文可知，是對過去事情的虛擬，是與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：從句：If+主語+過去完成時(shí)+其他，主句：主語+should(would, could,might)+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+其他，故選C。 32.China’s image is

11、 improving steadily, with more countries ________its role in international affairs. A.recognizing B.being recognized C.to be recognized D.recognized 【答案】A 【詳解】考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：中國的形象正在穩(wěn)步提升，更多的國家認(rèn)識到中國在國際事務(wù)中的作用。“更多的國家”和“認(rèn)識”之間是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞，故選A。 33.They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals ________ b

12、y 2022for the Beijing Winter Olympics. A.will install B.will have been installed C.are installed D.have been installed 【答案】B 【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：他們正努力確保在2022年北京冬奧會之前安裝5G終端。表示在將來某一時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成或一直持續(xù)的動作，用將來完成時(shí)；“5G終端”和“安裝”之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，故選B。 34.A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’

13、sintelligence and creativity. A.resembling B.reflecting C.reviewing D.restoring 【答案】B 【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：城市是人類的雙手和思想的產(chǎn)物，反映了人的智慧和創(chuàng)造力。A. resembling像；B. reflecting反映；C. reviewing回顧；D.restoring恢復(fù)。故選B符合語境。 35.—Let’stake a coffee break. —________ We’ve been working for hours. A.Why bother? B.What for?

14、C.You got me there. D.You said it. 【答案】D 【詳解】考查情景對話?！湟猓何覀冃菹⒁幌潞缺Х劝伞！闼阏f對了。我們已經(jīng)工作好幾個(gè)小時(shí)了。根據(jù)下文說“我們已經(jīng)工作好幾個(gè)小時(shí)了”，上文應(yīng)該是贊同這個(gè)建議。A.Why bother?沒有必要；B.What for?為什么；C.You got me there.你把我搞糊涂了；D.You said it.你算說對了。故選D符合語境。 第二節(jié):完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分) 請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 Wild

15、lifehas been greatly threatened in the modern age. There are species(物種)that are___36___every day. The white-naped crane is a typicalexample. So scientists are trying their best to___37___the species from going out of existence. Chrisand Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their___38_

16、__. Emma, a female crane, has been in their___39___since she arrived in 2004. Bornat an international crane foundation, Emma was___40___by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected___41___,though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had___42___taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached t

17、o humans. She___43___to live with male cranes, and even had a___44___for killing some of them, which made it____45____for her to become a mother. ____46____, the two zookeepers didn’t want to see theextinction(滅絕) of this precious species. With their patienceand efforts, they successfully developed

18、 a____47____of artificial breeding(人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. This____48____Emma to give birth to five baby cranes. Thetwo keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be____49____, more efforts must be made, because the population of the cranein the wild is on the____50____

19、, and many other species appear headed towardextinction.____51____, not everyone has realized that wildlife hasthoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive. Howcan we____52____the ever-widening gap that separates us fromother animals? Chris and Tim offered us the____53____:huma

20、n beings took it for granted that their____54____held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better____55____. 36. A.growing B.migrating C.competing D.disappearing 37. A.ban B.save C.split D.remove 38. A.abortion B.recreation C.reproduction D.administration 39. A.care B.eye C.mind D.

21、story 40. A.found B.chosen C.raised D.seized 41. A.bonus B.consequence C.victory D.sacrifice 42. A.never B.always C.unluckily D.cheerfully 43. A.liked B.refused C.decided D.hesitated 44. A.gift B.skill C.concern D.reputation 45. A.illegal B.inspiring C.important D.impossible 46. A.Therefore B

22、.Moreover C.However D.Instead 47. A.combination B.collection C.strategy D.system 48. A.forced B.forbade C.taught D.enabled 49. A.defeated B.grateful C.assured D.tolerant 50. A.list B.rise C.agenda D.decline 51. A.In contrast B.After all C.By the way D.On the contrary 52. A.leave B.bridge C.ope

23、n D.identify 53. A.course B.excuse C.answer D.reward 54. A.brains B.behaviors C.services D.projects 55. A.guide B.treat C.example D.companion 【答案】36.D 37. B 38. C39. A 40. C 41. B42. A 43. B 44. D45. D 46. C 47. A48. D 49. C 50. D51. B 52. B 53. C54. A 55. A 【解析】 這是一篇夾敘夾議類的文章。在現(xiàn)代，野生動物正在遭受巨大威脅，

24、每天都有一些物種滅絕。白鶴就是其中之一。但是，有很多人正在竭盡全力保護(hù)這些物種免于滅絕。如Chris和Tim通過努力，幫助一只名叫Emma的雌鶴繁殖了五只幼鶴。 【36題詳解】 考查動詞辨析。A.growing生長；B.migrating遷移；C.competing競爭；D.disappearing消失。根據(jù)第一句“Wildlife has been greatlythreatened in the modern age”和最后一句提到的“…the species from going out of existence”可以推知，野生動物正在遭受巨大威脅，每天都有一些物種滅絕，即：“消失”

25、。D選項(xiàng)正確。 【37題詳解】 考查動詞辨析。A.ban禁止；B.save挽救，保護(hù)；C.split分裂；D.remove移除。前文提到每天都有物種消失，那么該句應(yīng)指科學(xué)家們正在竭盡全力保護(hù)這些物種，使它們免于滅絕。故B選項(xiàng)正確。 【38題詳解】 考查名詞辨析。A.abortion墮胎；B.recreation娛樂；C.reproduction繁殖；D.administration管理。上文最后一句提到科學(xué)家們竭盡全力保護(hù)瀕臨滅絕的物種，由此推知，該處應(yīng)指Chris和Tim幫助瀕危物種繁殖，增加它們的數(shù)量，這樣它們才不至于滅絕。故該空應(yīng)指“繁殖”，C選項(xiàng)正確。 【39題詳解】 考查

26、名詞辨析。A.care照顧；B.eye眼睛；C.mind思想；D.story故事。自從2004年，Emma一直由Chris和Tim照顧。該空和下一句中的“human caretaker”呼應(yīng)。故選A。 【40題詳解】 考查動詞辨析。A.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.chosen選擇；C.raised撫養(yǎng)；D.seized抓住。根據(jù)空后的“human caretakers”可知，caretaker當(dāng)然是照看Emma的。故該句應(yīng)指：出生在一個(gè)國際鶴基地，Emma由人類撫養(yǎng)照看。故選C。 【41題詳解】 考查名詞辨析。A.bonus獎(jiǎng)金；B.consequence結(jié)果；C.victory勝利；D.sa

27、crifice犧牲。根據(jù)空后的though（盡管）可知，though前后的兩個(gè)句子之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。后面提到，她過得很開心。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，那么前文應(yīng)該表示“但是這導(dǎo)致了出乎意料的結(jié)果”。B選項(xiàng)正確。 【42題詳解】 考查副詞辨析。A.never從未；B.always總是；C.unluckily不幸運(yùn)地；D.cheerfully愉快地。根據(jù)下文中“become deeply attached to humans...even...killing some of them”等內(nèi)容可知，因?yàn)镋mma一直由人類照看，所以它沒有將自己看作是一只鶴，而是深深的依戀上了人類。故選A。 【43題詳解】

28、考查動詞辨析。A.liked喜歡；B.refused拒絕；C.decided拒絕；D.hesitated猶豫。根據(jù)上文，Emma不把自己當(dāng)作鶴，所以它“拒絕”和雄鶴生活在一起。B選項(xiàng)正確。 【44題詳解】 考查名詞辨析。A.gift禮物；B.skill技巧；C.concern涉及；D.reputation名聲。根據(jù)even（甚至）這個(gè)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系可知，Emma不僅拒絕和雄鶴生活在一起，而且因?yàn)榕懒藥字恍埴Q而“臭名昭著”。故D選項(xiàng)正確。 【45題詳解】 考查形容詞辨析。A.illegal非法的；B.inspiring鼓舞人心的；C.important重要的；D.impossible不可能的

29、。Emma拒絕和雄鶴生活，這當(dāng)然使得她“不可能”生育小鶴，成為媽媽。D選項(xiàng)正確。 【46題詳解】 考查連接副詞。A.Therefore因此；B.Moreover而且；C.However然而；D.Instead反而。上文提到Emma拒絕和雄鶴生活，使得她不可能生育小鶴。下文提到兩位動物園管理員不想看到這一物種的滅絕。由此推知，上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。C選項(xiàng)正確。 【47題詳解】 考查名詞辨析。A.combination結(jié)合；B.collection收集；C.strategy策略；D.system體系。經(jīng)過努力，Chris和Tim成功的將“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”結(jié)合在一起。A選項(xiàng)正確。

30、【48題詳解】 考查動詞辨析。A.forced強(qiáng)迫；B.forbade禁止；C.taught教；D.enabled使能夠。Chris和Tim成功的將“人工繁殖”和“自然繁殖”結(jié)合在一起，這使得Emma誕育了五只幼鶴。enable sb. to do sth.意為“使……能夠做某事”，D選項(xiàng)正確。 【49題詳解】 考查形容詞辨析。A.defeated被打敗的；B.grateful感激的；C.assured使確信；D.tolerant忍耐的。根據(jù)后文的more efforts must be made可以推知，盡管兩個(gè)人為自己的成就感到驕傲，但是他們還需要付出更多努力，因?yàn)橐吧Q的數(shù)量在減少

31、。所以他們還不能完全放心（白鶴不會滅絕）。故選C。 【50題詳解】 考查名詞辨析。A.list清單；B.rise上升；C.agenda議程；D.decline下降。前后句之間是因果關(guān)系，根據(jù)more efforts must be made可以推知，野生白鶴數(shù)量在減少，所以，還要付出更多的努力（來挽救白鶴滅絕）。故D選項(xiàng)正確。 【51題詳解】 考查介詞短語。A.In contrast相反；B.After all畢竟；C.Bythe way順便問一下；D.On the contrary相反地。前文提到野生白鶴數(shù)量正在減少，很多其他物種似乎也在逐漸滅絕。該句提到，并不是所有的人都意識到野生

32、動物有思想，感情，以及平等生存的權(quán)利。很明顯，該句是對前文出現(xiàn)野生動物瀕臨滅絕原因的一種解釋。故B選項(xiàng)正確。 【52題詳解】 考查動詞辨析。A.leave離開；B.bridge搭橋，彌合；C.open開；D.identify確認(rèn)。針對上文提到的很多物種滅絕這種現(xiàn)象，作者提出一個(gè)問題：我們?nèi)绾蝸韽浐蠈⑷祟惡蛣游锔糸_的不斷擴(kuò)大的鴻溝呢？B選項(xiàng)正確。 【53題詳解】 考查名詞辨析。A.course課程；B.excuse借口；C.answer答案；D.reward回報(bào)。前文提出一個(gè)問題：我們?nèi)绾蝸韽浐蠈⑷祟惡蛣游锔糸_的不斷擴(kuò)大的鴻溝呢？Chris和Tim的做法給我們提供了一個(gè)答案。C選項(xiàng)正確。

33、 【54題詳解】 考查名詞辨析。A.brains大腦；B.behaviors行為；C.services服務(wù)；D.projects工程。根據(jù)下文中的“hold all the solutions”可以推斷出，人類認(rèn)為自己的“大腦”掌握著所有的解決辦法。即：人類認(rèn)為自己的大腦可以想出所有的解決辦法。A選項(xiàng)正確。 【55題詳解】 考查名詞辨析。A.guide指導(dǎo)，指引；B.treat對待；C.example例子；D.companion同伴。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可以推知，人類想當(dāng)然的認(rèn)為自己的“大腦”掌握著所有的解決辦法。但或許他們的新是更好的指引。故A選項(xiàng)正確。 第三部分: 閱讀理解(共1

34、5 小題；每小題2 分, 滿分30 分) 請認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文, 從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 A Whatever your age or interests, Buxton has something to see or do to make your visit truly memorable. High energy If you desire physical activities, you can choose activities from swimming to horse riding. Explore

35、the heights with Go Ape, the high wire forest adventure course, or journey beneath the earth at Poole’s Cavern. And don’t forget: we are surrounded by a natural playground just perfect for walking, caving, climbing and cycling. High minded Buxton is justifiably proud of its cultural life and you

36、’ll find much to suit all tastes with art, music, opera and the performing arts at Buxton Opera House & Pavilion Arts Centre and Green Man Gallery. There are plenty of opportunities for the creative person to become involved, including workshops and events. Keeping the kids happy Children love the

37、 small train and playgrounds in the Pavilion Gardens and there’s plenty more to explore at the Buxton Museum. There’s a new indoor play centre, plus the special events and workshops, and others during school holiday periods 56.If you want to take an undergounld journey, which place is thebest c

38、hoice? A.Pole’s Cavern. B.Pavilion Gardens. C.Buxton Museum. D.Green Man Gallery. 57.Buxton Open House & Pavilion Arts Centre is special because itoffers ________. A.rides in small trains B.courses in modern arts C.artistic and cultural activities D.basic courses in horse riding 【答案】56.A 57.

39、 C 這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了去布克斯頓旅游可以去的一些景點(diǎn)的相關(guān)信息。 【56題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Highenergy中的or journey beneath the earth at Poole’s Cavern.可知，在Poole的Cavern，可以在地下旅行，也就是乘坐地鐵旅行。所以如果你想乘地鐵旅行，Poole’s Cavern是你最好的選擇。故A項(xiàng)正確。 【57題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Highminded中的Buxton is justifiably proud of its cultural lifeand you’ll find much to suit a

40、ll tastes with art, music, opera and theperforming arts at Buxton Opera House & Pavilion Arts Centre and Green ManGallery.可知，Buxton以其豐富的文化生活而自豪，在Buxton OperaHouse&Pavilion Arts Center and Green Man Gallery，您將發(fā)現(xiàn)許多適合各種品味的藝術(shù)、音樂、歌劇和表演藝術(shù)。所以Buxton OperaHouse&Pavilion Arts Center特別是因?yàn)樗峁┧囆g(shù)和文化活動。故C選項(xiàng)正確。

41、B Inthe 1960s,while studying the volcanic history ofYellowstone National Park,Bob Christiansen becamepuzzled about something that,oddly,had not troubled anyone before: he couldn’t find the park’svolcano. It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic innature—that’s what accounted

42、for all its hot springs andother steamy features. But Christiansen couldn’t find the Yellowstone volcanoanywhere. Mostof us,when we talk about volcanoes,think of the classic cone(圓錐體) shapes of a Fuji orKilimanjaro, which are created when erupting magma(巖漿)piles up. These can form remarkably quickl

43、y. In 1943,aMexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land.In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. Withintwo years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more thanhalf a mile across. Altogether there are some ten thou

44、sand of these volcanoeson Earth,all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is,however,a second less known type of volcano that doesn’tinvolve mountain building. These are volcanoes so explosive that they burstopen in a single big crack,leaving behind a vasthole, the caldera. Yellowstone obviously

45、was of this second type,but Christiansen couldn’t find the caldera anywhere. Justat this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by takingphotographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copiesto the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a n

46、iceblow-upfor one of the visitors’ centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the photos,he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera: almost thewhole park—2.2 million acres—was caldera. Theexplosion had left a hole more than forty miles across—muchtoo huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. A

47、t some time in the pastYellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anythingknown to humans. 58.What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone? A.Its complicated geographical features. B.Its ever-lasting influence on tourism. C.The mysterious history of the

48、park. D.The exact location of the volcano. 59.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A.The shapes of volcanoes. B.The impacts of volcanoes. C.The activities of volcanoes. D.The heights of volcanoes. 60.What does the underlined word “blow-up” in the last paragraph mostprobably mean?

49、 A.Hot-air balloon. B.Digital camera. C.Big photograph. D.Bird’s view. 【答案】58.D 59. A 60. C 【解析】 這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了二十世紀(jì)六十年代Bob Christiansen在研究黃石公園的火山歷史時(shí)，奇怪地發(fā)現(xiàn)到處看不到火山的影子，原來，這兒的火山并不是像我們大部分人想象的那種圓錐體形狀的高聳的樣子，而是一個(gè)巨大的洞，這個(gè)洞太大了以至于從地面上的任何地方都看不見。 【58題詳解】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句But Christiansen couldn’t find the Yel

50、lowstone volcano anywhere.可知，他困惑的是在黃石公園找不到火山。故選D。 【59題詳解】 主旨大意題。本段講述了兩種形狀火山，一種是通常人們所理解的由火山巖漿堆積形成的圓錐體，還有一種極具爆發(fā)力的火山，它們會在一個(gè)大裂縫中爆裂，留下一個(gè)巨大的洞，故選A。 【60題詳解】 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Just at this time NASAdecided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs ofYellowstone. A thoughtful official passe

51、d on some of the copies to the parkauthorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one ofthe visitors’centers.可知，美國國家航空航天局為測試一些新的高海拔照相機(jī)而拍攝了黃石公園的照片。一位深思熟慮的官員把其中的一些照片副本轉(zhuǎn)交給了公園管理部門，認(rèn)為他們可能會將其放大以供一個(gè)游客中心展示。根據(jù)常識可知，游客中心的照片一般都很大，以吸引游客的注意，故此處意為“將照片放大”，選C。 C Whocares if people think wr

52、ongly that the internet has had more importantinfluences than the washing machine? Why does it matter that people are moreimpressed by the most recent changes? Itwould not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people’s opinions.However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguid

53、ed use of scarceresources. Thefascination with the ICT(Information and Communication Technology) revolution,represented by the internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude thatmaking things is so “yesterday” that they should try to live on ideas. Thisbelief in “post-industrial society” h

54、as led those countries to neglect theirmanufacturing sector(制造業(yè)), with negative consequences for theireconomies. Evenmore worryingly, the fascination with the internet by people in rich countrieshas moved the international community to worry about the “digital divide”between the rich countries and

55、the poor countries. This has led companies andindividuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipmentand internet facilities. The question, however, is whether this is what thedeveloping countries need the most. Perhaps giving money for those lessfashionable things such as digg

56、ing wells, extending electricity networks andmaking more affordable washing machines would have improved people’s lives morethan giving every child a laptop computer or setting up internet centres inrural villages, I am not saying that those things are necessarily moreimportant, but many donators ha

57、ve rushed into fancy programmes withoutcarefully assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternativeuses of their money. Inyet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe thatthe recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation areso revolutionary that now we live in a “borderless world”. As a result, in thelast twenty