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1、第二部分第二部分 語法考點突破語法考點突破第四講介詞和連詞第四講介詞和連詞一、表示空間關(guān)系的介詞一、表示空間關(guān)系的介詞offataroundoninoveraboveunderbelowbehindacross離開離開，偏離偏離在在上上在在周圍周圍在在上上在在里里在在正上方正上方在在上方上方在在下面下面在在下方下方在在后面后面橫跨橫跨(2012高考遼寧卷高考遼寧卷)The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place off the main road at the far end of the lake.Well飯店坐落于湖盡頭的大路附近一個非常安靜的地方。飯店坐落于

2、湖盡頭的大路附近一個非常安靜的地方。(2012高考北京卷高考北京卷)Do you think this shirt is too tight across the shoulders?你覺得這件襯衫在肩膀這個地方是不是太緊了？你覺得這件襯衫在肩膀這個地方是不是太緊了？二、表示時間的介詞二、表示時間的介詞atoninsinceforuntilduring/over在在時時(強調(diào)時間點強調(diào)時間點)在在時時(跟具體的某一天或某一天跟具體的某一天或某一天的上的上/下午下午)在在之后之后，在哪一月在哪一月/年年自從自從長達(dá)長達(dá)直到直到在在期間期間(2014云浮模擬云浮模擬)On the morning

3、of my mothers birthday，I usually help my mother do some housework.在我母親生日那天上午，我通常幫我母親做些家務(wù)。在我母親生日那天上午，我通常幫我母親做些家務(wù)。三、表示工具、手段、方式、原因、所屬關(guān)系的介詞三、表示工具、手段、方式、原因、所屬關(guān)系的介詞with具體的某物；具體的某物；by動詞動詞ing/工具；工具；in語言語言/顏色顏色/原原料等；料等；for由于由于的原因；的原因；of在在范圍內(nèi)。范圍內(nèi)。(2012高考浙江卷高考浙江卷)Of all the animals Ive ever had，these two dogs

4、are the most sensitive to the spoken word.在我養(yǎng)過的所有動物中，這兩只狗對口頭語言最敏感。在我養(yǎng)過的所有動物中，這兩只狗對口頭語言最敏感。四、四、with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)常用來作狀語，表示伴隨、原因等，此外還可復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)常用來作狀語，表示伴隨、原因等，此外還可以作名詞的定語。以作名詞的定語。搭配搭配示例示例withn./pron.adj.withn./pron.adv.withn./pron.doingHe just sat there with his mouth open. I suddenly saw a man with one

5、of his eyes closed.He fell asleep with the light still on. With her mother away，the girl felt lonely.With so many people watching，she felt at a loss. In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person.搭配搭配示例示例withn./pron.donewithn./pron.prepwithn./pron.to dowith the work don

6、e，they went for a swim. He stood for an instant with his hand raised.I sat down on one of those modern chairs with holes in it and waited. The old man walked with a stick in his hand.With nothing to do，he slept the whole afternoon. With so much work to do，how can I expect some time of my own？五、介詞的固定

7、短語五、介詞的固定短語instead ofother than/apart frombecause of/thanks to/due to/owing toby accident/chanceon/above/below averagein surprise/detail/brief/timeon time/purposeon the contrary除除之外之外由于由于碰巧碰巧平均而言平均而言/在平均水平以上在平均水平以上/在平均水平以下在平均水平以下吃驚地吃驚地/詳細(xì)地詳細(xì)地/簡言之簡言之/及時及時按時按時/故意地故意地正相反正相反，相反地相反地代替代替(2012高考江蘇卷高考江蘇卷)I

8、stepped back，just in time to avoid the racing car.我退回去了，恰好及時地避開了飛馳的汽車。我退回去了，恰好及時地避開了飛馳的汽車。(2012高考浙江卷高考浙江卷)Brown said he was by no means annoyed；on the contrary，he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.布朗說他絕不生氣，相反他很高興能讓別人清楚地了解他自布朗說他絕不生氣，相反他很高興能讓別人清楚地了解他自己。己。連詞連詞并列并列連詞連詞轉(zhuǎn)折轉(zhuǎn)折but，not.bu

9、t，while，(and)yet，(but)still選擇選擇either.or，or(else)，rather than，otherwise并列并列and，not only.but also，both.and，as well as因果因果for，so連連詞詞從從屬屬連連詞詞引導(dǎo)名詞性引導(dǎo)名詞性從句從句that，whether，if，what，where，as if，who，whatever，whichever等等引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)狀狀語語從從句句時間時間when，as，while，as soon as，the moment/minute/instant，immediately，instantly，di

10、rectly，till，until，before，after，since，hardly.when，the first time，every time，no sooner.than，scarcely.when地點地點where，wherever原因原因because，as，since，now，that，considering that，in that (因為因為)連連詞詞從從屬屬連連詞詞引引導(dǎo)導(dǎo)狀狀語語從從句句目的目的so that，in order that，lest (以免以免)，for fear (that)，in case結(jié)果結(jié)果so that，so.that，such.that條件條件if，unless，suppose，supposing(that)，providing(that)，as long as，provided(that)，on condition that，in case讓步讓步although，though，even if/though，as，while(盡管盡管)，whenever，whatever，however，whether.or.，no matterwhat/when等等方式方式as，as if，as though比較比較as.as.，more.than，the more.the more.，not as/so.as