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1、素能提升演練（二十一） 選修7 Unit 21 Ⅰ．用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. The local people are _________ to building the new hotel because of the great cost. (oppose) 2. We should be _________ to our friends. (faith) 3. It is a_________ to be invited to speak here. (privileged) 4. The sports meeting of our school is held ___

2、______. (annual) 5. Our English teacher won’t _________ any cheating in exams. (tolerate) 6. The boy didn’t go home at the usual time and his parents were _________about his safety. (concern) 7. Smoking is strictly _________ in the process of handling explosive material. (prohibit) 8. The driver

3、 was punished for_________ the traffic rules. (violate) 9. They can’t have _________ how things will turn out. (foresee) 10. The sports meeting was _________ because of rain. (postpone) Ⅱ. 完成句子 1. 假如她昨天邀請我參加聚會，我就去了。 If she had invited me yesterday, I ____________________. 2. 有必要保持辦公室的整潔。 ___

4、____________ to keep the offices neat. 3. 人們相信“泰坦尼克號”是在撞上冰山之后沉沒的。 Titanic __________________after hitting an iceberg. 4. 看來非常遺憾，杰克沒能夠及時登機(jī)。 ________________ that Jack did not board the plane timely. 5. 他們奪走了人民的自由。 They_______ the people____ their liberty. Ⅲ．單項(xiàng)填空 1. When we talk about brea

5、king records, we _______ the issue of performance-enhancing drugs. A. come aboutB. come across C. come around D. come along 2. It is compulsory for winners to be tested but other participants are only tested_______ . A. in advance B. by chance C. at randomD. at all costs 3. ［2019合肥模擬］The cit

6、y is well known for its education of good quality, however, its standards of education have _______ in recent years. A. distributedB. contributed C. cancelledD. declined 4. When you are older and experience more of life, you will be better mentally _______ to deal with whatever happens. A. of

7、feredB. provided C. equipped D. supplied 5. ［2019唐山模擬］Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English_______ in a short period. A. improvedB. improving C. to improveD. improve 6．It was too hard for the firefighters to get close to the burning building. All their

8、attempts to rescue the people trapped were_______ . A. in vainB. in return C. in placeD. in danger 7. The old lady came to the police station and claimed _______ of her purse when she was shopping. A. to be robbedB. to be robbing C. to robD. to have been robbed 8. ［2019宣城模擬］Nobody can ______

9、_ his rude behavior, and that’s why he has no friends. A. accustomB. understand C. coverD. tolerate 9. It was an unpopular decision to postpone_______the new school. A. buildingB. to build C. having builtD. to have built 10. I fear that a prior engagement will _______me from joining you at d

10、inner. A. disagreeB. prohibit C. gatherD. produce 11. He told us that he was going to Beijing to _______ his fortune. A. seekB. researchC. pickD. earn 12. ［2019福州模擬］Each member country of WTO must _______ its laws and regulations and compete on the principle of fairness and cooperation. A.

11、cater toB. correspond to C. relate toD. submit to 13. Does the common man _______ the idea of political union between European countries? A. deliverB. opposeC. smoothD. equal 14. ［2019池州模擬］You must try to _______ the memory of these terrible events. A. make outB. wipe out C. pick outD. work

12、out 15. We have lost _______ in him and mistrusted him. A. dependence B. faith C. belief D. confidence Ⅳ．閱讀理解 (A) Each cell in the human body contains about 25, 000 to 35, 000 genes, which carry information that determines your traits. Traits are characteristics you inherit from your parents;

13、 this means your parents pass some of their characteristics on to you through genes. For example, if both of your parents have green eyes, you might inherit the trait of green eyes from them. Or if your mom has freckles(雀斑), you might inherit that trait and wind up with a freckled face. And genes ar

14、en’t just in humans — all animals and plants have genes, too. Genes hang out all lined up on thread-like things called chromosomes(染色體). Chromosomes come in pairs, and there are hundreds, sometimes thousands of genes in one chromosome. The chromosomes and genes are made of DNA, which is short for

15、deoxyribo nucleic acid. Chromosomes are found inside cells, the very small units that make up all living things. A cell is so tiny that you can only see it through the lens of a strong microscope, and there are billions of cells in your body. Most cells have one nucleus. The nucleus, which is sort

16、 of egg-shaped, is like the brain of the cell. It tells every part of the cell what to do. How does the nucleus know so much? It contains our chromosomes and genes. Tiny as it is, the nucleus has more information in it than the biggest dictionary you’ve ever seen. 1. What does the underlined word

17、 “inherit” probably mean in the first paragraph? A. carry B. sendC. obtainD. pass 2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. The parents pass some characteristics on to their children. B. All living things receive traits from the old generations. C. One’s green eyes

18、might be passed on from the parents. D. A mother’s freckled face might affect her young’s face. 3. From the passage we can know that________. A. genes can decide all your characteristics from parents B. genes exist inside cells that make up all living things C. genes tell every part of the c

19、ell what to do D. chromosomes come in pairs containing genes 4. From the passage we can conclude that________. A. not all cells have one nucleus inside B. not all living things are made up of cells C. genes aren’t in humans but in animals and plants D. DNA is made of chromosomes and genes (B

20、) ［2019南昌模擬］ Young women are more adventurous than young men when travelling abroad in gap years. One in three female backpackers visits more than three countries during a year out and travels alone, according to new research. By contrast, the majority of their male counterparts visit only one c

21、ountry and tend to travel in groups, says a survey by the Gap Year company, which provides information and services for students considering taking a year out. More women than men say that their prime reason for taking time off is to see the world and experience different cultures. Men were more l

22、ikely to rank“having fun” higher on their list of preferences. Women were more likely to value the challenge of a foreign trip, and many cited reasons such as learning a language and meeting new people. The more adventurous gap years taken by women seem to work to their benefit; more than three qu

23、arters of those surveyed reported increased confidence, self-reliance and independence, whereas only half of the men had that experience. The research also showed that women were more likely to do voluntary work while travelling, with more than one in ten helping with teaching or development proje

24、cts. One of the reasons given for this is a wish to see the country in an authentic light. A greater proportion(比例)of women than men faced objections or criticism from their families over their gap-year plans. Among the men surveyed, lack of money was the main barrier to travel. Carolyn Martin,

25、a doctor from London, was a typically confident female traveller. Starting in Cape Town, she travelled around southern Africa and Australia with a string of unusual and sometimes dangerous jobs. “I had one job chasing elephants off the runway in Africa by banging a stick against a pan，” she recall

26、ed. “It was OK but one day I did get chased by one. ” She said that she had travelled alone because“you meet more people”． 5. By referring to “gap year”, the writer means _________. A．a(chǎn) gap you come across after leaving high school B．a(chǎn) time when you are caught in a dilemma between work and stud

27、y C．a(chǎn) period before you find a job upon your graduation from college D．a(chǎn) year off between high school and college for certain purposes 6．According to the article, ________. A．most of the women students will travel abroad during the summer holidays B．one third of the women students will travel

28、abroad in a year C．women students are more likely to travel abroad alone in gap years D．women students are willing to travel abroad in groups 7．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Men students will travel less during the gap year because of their part-time jobs. B．Women students will

29、 travel more in gap years but face more objections over their gap-year plans. C．The article suggests that women travelling alone will have dangerous experiences. D．Men students prefer to travel inside their own country rather than go abroad. 8．Which of the following would be the best title of

30、the article? A．Girls Get the Best out of Gap Years B．Boys Lack Courage in Gap Years C．For Fun or for Adventure? D．Young Women Are More Adventurous 答案解析 Ⅰ．1. opposed2. faithful3. privilege4. annually5. tolerate6. concerned 7. prohibited 8. violating9. foreseen10. postponed Ⅱ. 1. should have

31、 gone to the party 2.It is necessary 3. was believed to have sunk 4. It seems a pity 5. robbed; of Ⅲ．1.【解析】選B。句意：當(dāng)我們談?wù)撈萍o(jì)錄的時候，我們碰巧談?wù)摰脚d奮劑的話題。come about發(fā)生；come across偶遇；come around順便來訪；come along出現(xiàn)；進(jìn)展。 2.【解析】選C。句意：獲勝者要被強(qiáng)制性地檢查，而其他參與者只是被隨意地檢查。in advance提前；by chance偶然地；at random 隨意地；at all costs

32、無論如何。 【變式備選】 He can’t make both ends meet due to spending money _______. A．a(chǎn)t allB．a(chǎn)t most C．a(chǎn)t random D．a(chǎn)t length 【解析】選C。句意：由于隨意花錢，他不能量入為出。at all根本；at most至多；at random隨意地；at length最終。 3.【解析】選D。句意：這座城市以高教育質(zhì)量而出名，然而其教育水準(zhǔn)近幾年已經(jīng)下降。distribute分發(fā)，分配；contribute貢獻(xiàn)；cancel取消；decline下降。 4.【解析】選C。句意：當(dāng)你年紀(jì)更

33、大一些，有了更多的人生經(jīng)歷，你就會具備更好地處理任何突發(fā)事情的心理準(zhǔn)備。equip表示“配備，裝備，使具備”; be mentally equipped意為“有心理準(zhǔn)備”; offer提供，出價；provide供應(yīng)，提供；supply供應(yīng)，提供。 5.【解析】選A。考查“have sth. done”結(jié)構(gòu)。因?yàn)閔er written English和improve之間為被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。 6．【解析】選A。句意：消防員很難靠近燃燒的房子，所有營救被困人員的嘗試都是徒勞地。in vain徒勞地；in return作為回報；in place適當(dāng)?shù)?；in danger在危險中。根據(jù)句

34、意可知選A。 7.【解析】選D。句意：這位老婦人來到警局，聲稱在購物時錢包被搶了。rob sb. of sth. 搶某人某物，the old lady與rob之間存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用不定式的被動式，且被搶動作發(fā)生在claim(宣稱)之前，故用不定式的完成被動式，D項(xiàng)正確。 8.【解析】選D?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：沒有人能容忍他的粗魯行為，所以他沒有朋友。tolerate 容忍，忍受；accustom 習(xí)慣于；understand 理解；cover覆蓋。 9.【解析】選A?？疾閜ostpone的用法。postpone后接動名詞作賓語，排除B、D；而having built表示動作的完成

35、，顯然不合邏輯，故排除C，選A。 10.【解析】選B。句意：我有約在先，恐怕不能與你共進(jìn)晚餐了。根據(jù)fear 一詞可知不能共進(jìn)晚餐。prohibit sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事。故選B。 11.【解析】選A。句意：他告訴我們他要到北京碰碰運(yùn)氣。seek one’s fortune 尋找發(fā)財機(jī)會；闖蕩；碰運(yùn)氣，符合句意。 12.【解析】選D。考查動詞短語辨析。句意：世貿(mào)組織的每個成員國必須服從世貿(mào)組織的法律和條例，并且基于平等與合作的原則進(jìn)行競爭。cater to投合，迎合；correspond to符合；relate to有關(guān)；涉及；submit to服從；順

36、從。根據(jù)句意選D。 13.【解析】選B?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：一般人是不是反對歐洲國家之間政治聯(lián)盟的想法呢？deliver遞送；oppose反對；smooth弄平；使光滑; equal等于。只有B符合句意。 14.【解析】選B。考查動詞短語辨析。句意：你必須努力忘掉這些不好的事情的記憶。make out辨認(rèn)出，理解，明白；wipe out徹底毀滅；pick out挑選出; work out算出。根據(jù)句意選B。 15.【解析】選B。dependence獨(dú)立；faith信任；belief信仰；confidence自信。lose faith in sb. 對某人失去信任，與mistrusted相

37、呼應(yīng)。 Ⅳ．1.【解析】選C。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后文信息this means your parents pass some of their characteristics on to you through genes這就意味著通過基因你的父母把性格特征傳給你，結(jié)合例子推斷此處語境：你的特征是從你父母那兒獲得的。 2.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題?？捎门懦?。A項(xiàng)在第一段第二句話中。C、D項(xiàng)在第一段的例子中。全文未提到B項(xiàng)。 3.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Chromosomes are found inside cells, the very small units tha

38、t make up all living things. ”結(jié)合第二段第一句“Genes hang out all lined up on thread-like things called chromosomes. ”可知：genes與chromosomes在一起，chromosomes在cells的內(nèi)部，cells組成了所有的生命。 4.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段信息“Most cells have one nucleus. ”可知：大多數(shù)細(xì)胞有一個細(xì)胞核，由此推斷：不是所有的細(xì)胞都有一個細(xì)胞核。注意：“not all. . . ”是半否定句式。 5.【解析】選D。詞義猜測

39、題。文章第二段提到students，所以相比之下，D項(xiàng)最適合。在英國等國家，年輕人會有“空檔年”，即上完高中、上大學(xué)之前的這段時間。而C項(xiàng)是最大的干擾項(xiàng)，由常識可知，大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，學(xué)生一般都得忙著找工作，然后上班，沒有足夠的時間去旅行，所以D項(xiàng)比C項(xiàng)更貼切。 6．【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。在文章前兩段中，作者提到“三分之一的女性在空檔年會獨(dú)自旅行”，而男性更傾向于團(tuán)體旅行。A項(xiàng)應(yīng)該是gap years，而不是the summer holidays，B項(xiàng)表示泛指，本文是特指在空檔年出游，故B項(xiàng)中的in a year是不正確的。D項(xiàng)women改為men則正確。 7．【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第

40、六段第一句A greater proportion of women than men faced objections or criticism from their families over their gap-year plans. 可知，女性更喜歡在空檔年出游，但與男性相比，她們面臨更多的反對意見。 8．【解析】選A。主旨大意題。文章第三段提到女性旅行的原因是了解世界、體驗(yàn)不同的文化、學(xué)習(xí)語言、認(rèn)識新人。在第四段中作者提到“more than three quarters of those surveyed reported increased confidence, self-reliance and independence(超過四分之三的女性通過旅行會增強(qiáng)自信、自力和獨(dú)立)”，而只有一半的男性有同樣的體驗(yàn)。所以A項(xiàng)正確。D項(xiàng)是最大的干擾項(xiàng)，其實(shí)D項(xiàng)與原文第一段首句相比缺少了關(guān)鍵的狀語限定部分(when travelling abroad in gap years)。 內(nèi)容總結(jié) （1）句意：他告訴我們他要到北京碰碰運(yùn)氣 （2）所以A項(xiàng)正確