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1、GrammarModule 3GRAMMARI. 時間狀語從句時間狀語從句II. 過去完成時過去完成時Learning aims:1.通過自主學(xué)習(xí)，掌握時間狀語從句和過去完成時態(tài)的基本用法。2.通過合作探究，學(xué)會把所學(xué)到的時間狀語從句句型結(jié)構(gòu)和過去完成時態(tài) 運用到句型寫作中。3. 鞏固練習(xí)。時間狀語從句時間狀語從句when, while, as, before, after, until/till, since, ever since, whenever, as soon as, no sooner than, hardly / scarcely when 等等1). 常見的連接時間狀語從句的

2、連接詞有常見的連接時間狀語從句的連接詞有:When 還有意義為還有意義為這時這時，(at this time)那時那時(at that time) 常用于下列常用于下列句型：句型：Somebody was doing something when某人正在做某人正在做 突然突然 WhenSomebody was about to do something when.某人正要做某人正要做 突然突然 Somebody had just done something when某人剛剛干了某人剛剛干了這時這時1. I was reading English when my teacher came in

3、.2. I was about to talk in the classroom when the teacher came in.3. I had just made the mistake when the teacher came in .分析：分析：while引導(dǎo)的從句表示引導(dǎo)的從句表示“在在過程過程中中”，強調(diào)某一段時間內(nèi)主句和從句的動，強調(diào)某一段時間內(nèi)主句和從句的動作在同一時期發(fā)生。從句的動作表示較長作在同一時期發(fā)生。從句的動作表示較長時間，因此常用延續(xù)性動詞。時間，因此常用延續(xù)性動詞。While觀察：觀察：While they were doing homework, someo

4、ne broke into the house.While he was still a teenager, he was a big star.She is tall while I am short. While 表示強烈的對比關(guān)系，可譯成表示強烈的對比關(guān)系，可譯成“然而然而”While I was studying English, he was playing football.強調(diào)兩個動作同時進行強調(diào)兩個動作同時進行兩種情況一起發(fā)展變化兩種情況一起發(fā)展變化as試觀察：試觀察：1) As they were picking tea, the girls were singing hap

5、pily.2) As he grew older, he found it difficult to compose good music.分析：分析：as引導(dǎo)的從句表示引導(dǎo)的從句表示“當(dāng)當(dāng)時；一時；一邊邊一邊一邊”，主句和從句的動作，主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生，強調(diào)伴隨。有時可譯為同時發(fā)生，強調(diào)伴隨。有時可譯為“隨著隨著”。探究案（一）時間狀語從句2.完成下面練習(xí)答案完成下面練習(xí)答案15 ABBAA1. 他從學(xué)校回來時，他媽媽正在燒飯。他從學(xué)?；貋頃r，他媽媽正在燒飯。2. 他在看書時，他的妻子一直在燒飯。他在看書時，他的妻子一直在燒飯。3. 他一邊燒飯一邊唱歌。他一邊燒飯一邊唱歌。4. 我們正

6、要動身，這時天突然下雨了。我們正要動身，這時天突然下雨了。5. 你喜歡踢足球而我喜歡彈鋼琴。你喜歡踢足球而我喜歡彈鋼琴。6. 隨著時間的推移，我們都漸漸長大了。隨著時間的推移，我們都漸漸長大了。Exercise 3Translate these sentences into EnglishSHOW TIME 展示內(nèi)容展示小組點評小組備注：備注：3分分鐘討論，各鐘討論，各小組安排展小組安排展示或點評，示或點評，所有同學(xué)都所有同學(xué)都要認真完成要認真完成任務(wù)。任務(wù)。句子1G1 G7句子2G2句子3G3 G8句子4G4句子5G5 G9句子6G6Possible answers:1. When he r

7、eturned from the school, his mother was cooking.2. While he was reading, his wife was cooking.3. As he cooked, he sang.4. We were about to start when it began to rain.5. You like playing football while I like playing the piano.6. As time went by, we all grew up. 2). 時間狀語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換成分詞短語。時間狀語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換成分詞短語。如

8、如: Boys need to develop their bodies fully before they attempt such difficult exercise. Boys need to develop their bodies fully before attempting such difficult exercise.After he worked there for 30years, Haydn moved to London. Note: 時間狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)換成分詞短語時時間狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)換成分詞短語時, 時時間狀語從句的主語和主句主語必須間狀語從句的主語和主句主語必須一致才可

9、以。一致才可以。 Having worked there for 30 years, Haydn moved to London. 過去完成時過去完成時1. 過去完成時的構(gòu)成過去完成時的構(gòu)成: “助動詞助動詞had+過去分詞過去分詞” The public wondered why the president hadnt attended the top conference.2. 過去完成時的用法過去完成時的用法:1). 過去完成時主要用來表明在某個時間或過去完成時主要用來表明在某個時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作, 它表示時間它表示時間是是“過去的過去過去的過去”。如。如

10、:The patient had died when the doctor arrived. Up until then they had just finished half the work.He had pressed the button before we could stop him.When I had finished my everyday work, I did some gardening. 2). 如果發(fā)生的動作很短暫如果發(fā)生的動作很短暫, 或兩個動作緊或兩個動作緊接著發(fā)生接著發(fā)生, 則常用一般過去時代替過去則常用一般過去時代替過去完成時。尤其是在含有完成時。尤其是在含

11、有before, after, as soon as的復(fù)合句中的復(fù)合句中, 因為它們本身的詞因為它們本身的詞義就可以表示出先后順序。如義就可以表示出先后順序。如: Just before I left New York, I sent an e-mail to Mr White, my teacher in the university.3). 過去完成時還可以表示未能實現(xiàn)的過去完成時還可以表示未能實現(xiàn)的希望、愿望等希望、愿望等, 常用的動詞有常用的動詞有except, hope, mean, suppose, think 等。如等。如: I had hoped to send him a t

12、elegram to congratulate him on his marriage, but didnt manage it. Mother had expected me to come to her birthday party, but I really had a lot of important work to do.When he got home from work, he was very tired. He opened the door, turned on the light, washed his face and went to bed without takin

13、g off his clothes.Note: 1. 當(dāng)動作緊接著發(fā)生當(dāng)動作緊接著發(fā)生, 次序明顯時次序明顯時, 只需只需 用一般過去時。用一般過去時。 2.與某個時間段或時間點連用時與某個時間段或時間點連用時, 一般一般過去時過去時表示動作在這個時間發(fā)生表示動作在這個時間發(fā)生, 而而過過去完成時去完成時表示動作在這個時間之前就表示動作在這個時間之前就已經(jīng)完成。如已經(jīng)完成。如:He learned Russian during his stay in Russia. He had already learned Russian during his stay in Russia.3. 在間接引

14、語中，與過去完成時連用在間接引語中，與過去完成時連用的時間狀語從句常用一般過去時代的時間狀語從句常用一般過去時代替過去完成時。如：替過去完成時。如： He told me somebody had phoned when I was out. John said the film had been on five minutes when he got to the cinema. 漢譯英漢譯英 1 他說他以前見過你。他說他以前見過你。 2. 到去年為止他們已經(jīng)學(xué)了到去年為止他們已經(jīng)學(xué)了2000個單詞了。個單詞了。 3. 到了六點鐘為止，他們已經(jīng)工作了八小到了六點鐘為止，他們已經(jīng)工作了八小 時

15、了時了 . 4. 4. 我到廣州時，他在那里很長時間我到廣州時，他在那里很長時間 了。了。 5. 到上個月中旬我們在北京住了有五年時間了。到上個月中旬我們在北京住了有五年時間了。 6. 她到家之前她的孩子已經(jīng)睡著了。她到家之前她的孩子已經(jīng)睡著了。 7. 在他們到達之前電影已經(jīng)開始了。在他們到達之前電影已經(jīng)開始了。SHOW TIME 展示內(nèi)容展示小組點評小組備注：備注：3分分鐘討論，各鐘討論，各小組安排展小組安排展示或點評，示或點評，所有同學(xué)都所有同學(xué)都要認真完成要認真完成任務(wù)。任務(wù)。句子1G9G2句子2G8句子3G7G1句子4G6句子5G5G9句子6G4句子7G3G8 1 He said th

16、at he _ (see) you before. 2 By last year they _ ( learn ) 2,000 words. 3 By six oclock they _(work) for eight hours. 4 When I came to GZ , he _ (be) there for a long time. 5 By the middle of last month we _(live) in Beijing for five years. 6 When she got home her children _ (sleep). 7 Before they ar

17、rived here the film _ already _ (start).He said that he _ (see) you before.had seenBy last year they _ ( learn ) 2,000 words.had learnt1. 他說他以前見過你。他說他以前見過你。2. 到去年為止他們已經(jīng)學(xué)了到去年為止他們已經(jīng)學(xué)了2000個單詞了。個單詞了。3. 到了六點鐘為止，他們已經(jīng)工作了八到了六點鐘為止，他們已經(jīng)工作了八小時了。小時了。 By six oclock they _(work) for eight hours. 4. 我到廣州時，他在那里很長時間

18、了。我到廣州時，他在那里很長時間了。 When I came to GZ , he _ (be) there for a long time.had workedhad beenhad lived5. 到上個月中旬我們在北京住了有五年到上個月中旬我們在北京住了有五年時間了。時間了。 By the middle of last month we _(live) in Beijing for five years.6. 她到家之前她的孩子已經(jīng)睡著了。她到家之前她的孩子已經(jīng)睡著了。 When she got home her children _ (sleep).had slept7. 在他們到達之

19、前電影已經(jīng)開始了。在他們到達之前電影已經(jīng)開始了。 Before they arrived here the film _ already _ (start).hadstarted1. I went to Toms house but he _ (go) out.2. Annie told me that his father _ ( go ) to Paris and he _ ( come ) back in a few days.3. My friend _ (buy) the car two years ago. He _ (buy) it for two years.had gonehad gonewould comeboughthas hadWhat have we learnt?What to do after class to be better?The best groups and students.Summary Summary 教師寄語 Victory wont come to me unless I go to it.(勝利是不會向我走來的，我必須自己走向勝利。） You have to believe in yourself .That is the secret of success.(人必須相信自己，這是成功的秘訣。）