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1、1. 形容詞 形容詞是用來修飾名詞的詞,表示名詞的屬性,說明事物或人的性質(zhì)或特征。形容詞常放在被修飾的名詞前作定語,放在系動詞后作表語,或放在賓語之后作賓語補足語。第第 六六 章章 形形 容容 詞詞 和和 副副 詞詞作賓語補足語放在賓語后,常與make,leave,keep,feel,find,think等動詞連用。如: make me angry,keep the window closed作定語放在名詞前,不定代詞后。如:a beautiful flower,something important作表語放在系動詞后 (be,smell,sound,taste,look,feel,turn,
2、go,get,become,seem,keep,stay等) 。如: sound great,taste delicious,feel comfortable,turn green(1) else只能作后置定語,修飾疑問代詞 (what,who,whom,where等) 和不定代詞 (something,anything,somebody,nobody等)。如:What else do you want?注意:(2) 多數(shù)形容詞既能作定語,也能作表語,但以下形容詞只能作表語,如afraid,alone,asleep,awake,alive,well,ill,frightened。(3) 表示長
3、、寬、高、深及年齡等的形容詞常放在表示度量的名詞之后。如:The bridge is 400 meters long. (4) enough作形容詞時,放在名詞之前,作副詞時放在形容詞或副詞之后。如:enough money,big enough,quickly enough(5) -ed形容詞多表示人對事物的感受,只修飾人; -ing形容詞多表示事物對人產(chǎn)生的影響,一般用來修飾物,但也可修飾人。如:He is such an interesting man that we all like to talk to him.The movie is very interesting. He is
4、 interested in it.2.常見名詞變形容詞的方法規(guī)律規(guī)律構詞方法構詞方法舉例舉例天氣名詞n. + -y sun sunny,cloud cloudy,rain rainy,wind windy方位名詞n. + -ern east eastern,south southern,west western,north northern情感名詞n. + -fuln. + -yn. + -less color colorful, help helpful,wonder wonderful,luck lucky, noise noisy,health healthy,care careles
5、s, home homeless,hope hopeless, use useless物質(zhì)名詞n. +-en wood wooden,wool woolen,gold golden規(guī)律規(guī)律構詞方法構詞方法舉例舉例時間名詞 n. + -ly day daily,month monthly,week weekly 大洲或國名 n. + n Asia Asian,Africa African,America American,India Indian,Australia Australian 以ce結(jié)尾的名詞把ce變?yōu)閠 difference different,importance importa
6、nt,patience patient tion結(jié)尾的名詞 n. + al national,international,educational,traditional 其他n. + ly friendly,lovely,lively( ) 1. This camera is too expensive. Do you have any others? Sorry, but thats the _ one.(2016泉州市) A. biggest B. longest C. cheapest( ) 2.David felt _ because he was not able to get a
7、ticket to the concert.(2016漳州市) A. moved B. excited C. disappointed( ) 3.The summer vacation is coming soon, and we will have a _ holiday.(2016龍巖市) A. two-month B. two months C. two months 真題熱身真題熱身中考 真題CCA考考 點點 2 副副 詞詞 副詞主要用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或全句,說明時間、地點、程度、方式等,在句子中作狀語。1. 副詞的用法分類例詞用法舉例時間ago,before,already,
8、now,just,soon,then,yet 一般放在句末,同時出現(xiàn)時間副詞和地點副詞時,其順序為先地點后時間Lets meet at the school gate tomorrow morning.Speak loudly.地點here,there,in,out,back,home方式quickly,loudly,slowly,carefully,happily 分類例詞用法舉例疑問when,where,how,why修飾動詞,放于動詞之后,及物動詞的賓語或介詞的賓語之后 Where is my book? 頻度usually,often,hardly,sometimes,ever,nev
9、er 放在實義動詞前,be動詞、情態(tài)動詞及助動詞之后 Hes always late for school.程度very,much,only,quite,too,so,nearly,enough,almost,mostly放在被修飾形容詞、副詞前Im so sorry.2. 常見的形容詞變副詞的方法(1) 直接由形容詞加ly構成: slow slowly, strong strongly, beautiful beautifully(2) 以 “輔音字母加le” 結(jié)尾的詞,改e為y: simple simply,gentle gently,terrible terribly (3) 以 “輔音
10、字母加y” 結(jié)尾的詞,改y為i再加ly: easy easily,happy happily,busy busily,heavy heavily(4) 其他形式:full fully,true truly(5) 既是形容詞也是副詞: well,fast,hard,high,straight,late,early(1) hardly不是 hard的副詞形式,hardly是 “幾乎不” 的意思,一般放在動詞之前,多與can,could 連用;hard作形容詞時意為 “硬的”,作為副詞時意為 “努力地”。注意(2) friendly,lonely,lovely,likely,daily,weekly
11、,lively,ugly等是形容詞,不是副詞。(3) well可作形容詞,意為 “健康的,身體好的”,一般不與感官動詞連用 (除feel外);也可作副詞,意為 “好地”。( )1. Sir, would you mind speaking a little more _ ? Of course not. I thought you could follow me.(2016泉州市) A. quickly B. slowly C. politely( ) 2. The soldiers were so tired that they could _ keep their eyes open af
12、ter a long journey.(2016漳州市) A. quickly B. hardly C. easily 真題熱身真題熱身中考真題BB考考 點點 3 形形 容容 詞、副詞、副 詞詞 辨辨 析詳見詞析詳見詞匯一本通易混詞辨析匯一本通易混詞辨析( ) 1. The fish tastes _ ,we have eaten it up. It is certain that she cooked it _ .(2015涼山彝族自治州) A. good; well B. well; good C. well; well D. good; good( ) 2. I still want t
13、o drink something. May I have _ cup of juice? Certainly. Here you are. (2015濱州市) A. other B. more C. another D. else 真題熱身真題熱身中考真題AC考點考點4 4 形容詞和副詞的比較級別形容詞和副詞的比較級別1.形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級的構成類別構成方法原級比較級最高級單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞直接加-er, -est longlonger longest不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾時加-r,-st nicenicernicest輔音字母加y結(jié)尾時,把y變i,再加-er,-est easyeasie
14、reasiest以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞,雙寫最后一個字母再加-er, -est bigbiggerbiggest多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞在原級前加more,most carefulmore carefulthe most careful(1) 規(guī)則變化特別提醒:new,few,slow,clean 等詞含有字母組合,且發(fā)的是長元音,不用雙寫。(2) 不規(guī)則變化只能用more和most構成比較級和最高級:like more like the most like既可加-er,-est,也可用more,most,構成比較級和最高級:strict more strict/stricter (th
15、e) most strict/strictest特殊變化good/well better best bad/ill/badly worse worstmany/much/some more mostlittle less least far farther (距離更遠) further (更深入,更進一步) farthest (距離最遠)furthest (最大限度、程度) old older (年紀較大的)elder (較年長的) oldest (年紀最大的)eldest (最年長的)(1) 記住以下三個詞組:further study (進修),further education (繼續(xù)教
16、育),further information (進一步的信息)。(2) elder僅用于同輩之間的排行,如elder sister (姐姐),elder brother (哥哥)。(3) less作為 “更少” 僅用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞,修飾可數(shù)名詞表示 “更少” 要用fewer。特別提醒:2. 形容詞和副詞的原級、比較級和最高級的用法同等程度的比較 (A=B) 肯定句:A+謂語動詞+as+原級+as+B: Lily is as tall as me.1. 常用來修飾原級的詞有very,so,too,enough,quite等。2.as可用于肯定句或否定句,但so只用于否定句。否定句:A+謂語動詞
17、否定式+as/so+原級+as+B: Lily is not as/so tall as me. (1) 原級的用法注意:不及比較(AB)A+謂語動詞+less+原級+than+B:Lilys room is less beautiful than mine.注意:僅限于部分雙音節(jié)、多音節(jié)的形容詞、副詞超越比較(2) 比較級的用法(AB) A+謂語動詞+比較級+than+B:Lily is taller than me.Lily is more outgoing than me.程度遞增比較級+and+比較級(越來越) :Lily is getting taller and taller.Th
18、e+比較級,the+比較級 (越,越):The busier Lily is,the happier she feels.兩者中較為突出的一個A+謂語動詞+the+比較級+of the two:Lily is the taller of the two.量化比較A+謂語動詞+數(shù)量/倍數(shù)+比較級+ than + B:Lily is two years younger than me.1. 常用來修飾比較級的詞有:兩多 (much,a lot),兩少 (a little,a bit) 以及far,even,still等2.比較應在同類事物之間進行誤:Our school is larger tha
19、n you.正:Our school is larger than yours.注意:三者或三者以上進行比較A+謂語動詞+the+最高級+of/in/among+比較范圍:Lily is the strongest of the three girls.(3) 最高級的用法三者或三者以上進行選擇Which/Who 謂語動詞+the+最高級,A,B or C: Who is the tallest,Lily,Amy or Jane ?表 示“最的之一” A+謂語動詞+one of the+最高級+名詞復數(shù):Lily is one of the tallest girls in her class
20、.1.形容詞最高級前的the不能省,副詞最高級前一般不加the。2.形容詞最高級前面可能有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等修飾,但此時不能再用the。表示“第幾最”A+謂語動詞+the+序數(shù)詞+最高級:Lily is the second tallest girl in her class.注意 在英語表達中,形容詞和副詞的原級和比較級也可以表示最高級的含義。如:No one else in our grade is as tall as Peter. (原級)我們級里沒有人和彼得一樣高。=Peter is the tallest student in our grade. (最高級)彼得是我
21、們級最高的學生。=Peter is taller than any other student in our grade. (比較級)彼得比我們級里任何一個學生都高。=Peter is taller than the other students in our grade. (比較級)在我們級里,彼得比其他學生都高。形容詞和副詞比較級之間的轉(zhuǎn)換A+謂語動詞+比較級+ than + any other+名詞單數(shù)+in+范圍 (A在此 “范圍” 內(nèi))。如:China is larger than any other country in Asia.中國比亞洲其他任何一個國家都大。特別提醒:A+謂語
22、動詞+比較級+ than + any +名詞單數(shù)+in+范圍 (A不在此 “范圍” 內(nèi))。如:China is larger than any country in Africa.中國比非洲的任何一個國家都大。在同一范圍內(nèi)比較時,必須把主體排除在被比較的范圍之外( ) 1. Have you seen the movie Zootopia? Yes, I have seen it twice. Of all the movies Ive ever seen, its the _ one.(2016廈門市) A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting( ) 2. Shall I wear the pink evening dress or the white one? They both look beautiful, but I think the white one is _ .(2016漳州市) A. suitable B. more suitable C. the most suitable 真題熱身真題熱身中考真題BC