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1、Unit 4 Fateful meetings (Act One) Please enjoy some pictures about Greek stories.Warming up地神該亞地神該亞海神波塞冬海神波塞冬火神赫淮斯拉斯火神赫淮斯拉斯太陽神阿波羅太陽神阿波羅農(nóng)神得墨忒耳農(nóng)神得墨忒耳天神宙斯天神宙斯天后赫拉天后赫拉維納斯的誕生維納斯的誕生 心理學家莫頓（心理學家莫頓（Robert Merton）將）將此現(xiàn)象名之為此現(xiàn)象名之為“自我實現(xiàn)的預言自我實現(xiàn)的預言”。這。這也就是在蕭伯納名劇也就是在蕭伯納名劇窈窕淑女窈窕淑女(My Fair Lady)中為人所熟知的中為人所熟知的“皮格馬利翁皮

2、格馬利翁效應(yīng)效應(yīng)”（Pygmalion effect）。）。Have you ever heard of the “Pygmalion Effect ”? The Pygmalion Effect is that people tend to behave as you expect they will. If you expect a person to take responsibility, they probably will. If you expect them not to even try, they probably wont. This play by George Ber

3、nard Shaw (蕭蕭伯納伯納) is an adaptation of a Greek story. Do you know this storyxkw? Pygmalion, a gifted artist, makes a stone statue of a beautiful woman. He asks the Greek Goddess to bring her to life. His wish is granted. The author-George Bernard ShawAn Irish dramatist, literary critic, a socialist

4、spokesman, and a leading figure in the 20th century theater. His main works:ImmaturityWidowers Houses PygmalionMan and Superman (1902),Major Barbara (1905)My Fair Lady Have you seen the film?If you have, did you like it? Have a discussion and give reasons.Pre-readingEliza Doolittle(E): a poor flower

5、 girl who is ambitious to improve herself.Professor Higgins(H): an expert in phonetics, convinced that the quality of a persons English decides his/her position in society.Colonel Pickering(P): an officer in the army and later a friend of Higgins who sets him a task.Main characters 1. This text is m

6、ainly about the first experience of Eliza meeting with _. A. Professor Higgins B. Colonel Pickering C. Professor Higgins and Colonel Pickering D. a gentlemanAct One主旨大意主旨大意 2. Eliza greeted to the gentleman in order to _. A. ask him to buy some flowers from her B. talk with him C. ask him to teach h

7、er D. beg some money from him 3. Why Eliza began to cry? Because _. A. she thought Professor Higgins would arrest him B. the gentleman didnt give her some money C. Pickering beat and scolded her D. there was no reason 4. Professor Higgins believed that he could judge a person by _. A. his appearance

8、 B. his action C. his conversation D. his manners 5. From the text , we can infer that Professor Higgins is a man described below EXCEPT _. A. he doesnt care about money B. he is an expert in phonetics C. he is proud D. he is greedy推理判斷推理判斷CharacterPosition in societyEvidence in the playElizaLower c

9、lassLanguage: calls gentleman “sir” and “capin” (or captain) which is a complimentBehaviour: respectful to people of higher classComprehending CharacterPosition in societyEvidence in the playHenry HigginsLanguage: calls Eliza “you silly girl” and Pickering “my dear man” (an equal and friend)Behaviou

10、r: rude (and patronizing) to lower class; polite to same or upper classMiddle classCharacterPosition in societyEvidence in the playColonel PickeringUpper classLanguage: prepared to begin a conversation with Henry, whom he does not know; generous with praise to himBehaviour: generally confident and p

11、olite; but ignores ElizaRelationships between charactersEvidence from the playHenry Higgins: 2 Attitude to Eliza (L) Is the statement true? 1 Yes; 1 Attitude to Colonel Pickering (H)2 watches her; notes her reactions; talks about her in front of her; calls her silly girl1 respects his professional w

12、ork as a phonetician; calls him sir and my dear man2 YesRelationships between charactersEvidence from the playColonel Pickering:1 appreciates his expertise; praises him; asks his opinion; happy to be friends2 ignores her; does not stop Henry when he talks about Eliza in front of her (which is very r

13、ude)1 Attitude to Henry Higgins (L)2 Attitude to Eliza (L) Is the statement true? 1 Yes; 2 YesRelationships between charactersEvidence from the playEliza: 1 anxious; eager not to do the wrong thing; ambitious to improve herself; respectful and curious about Henrys expertise2 resents not being includ

14、ed in the conversation when talked about1 Attitude to Henry Higgins (H)2 Attitude to Colonel Pickering (H) Is the statement true? 1 Yes; 2 Unclearkind, polite, generous, enthusiastic, eager, confident impatient, rude, confident, superior, self-importantanxious, eager, emotional, ambitious, unsure1.

15、Professor Higgins (H): an expert in phonetics, convinced that the quality of a persons English decides his/her position in society. 希金斯教授是一位語音學專家希金斯教授是一位語音學專家, 他認他認為一個人的英語水平?jīng)Q定了他為一個人的英語水平?jīng)Q定了他(她她)的的社會地位。社會地位。Language points convince vt. to cause to believe or feel certain; to persuade 說服說服; 使相信使相信; 說說

16、(某人某人) We convinced him to go by train rather than plane. 我們說服了他坐火車去我們說服了他坐火車去,不要搭飛機。不要搭飛機。 I tried to convince my wife that we cant afford a new car. 我試圖說服我妻子我們買不起新車。我試圖說服我妻子我們買不起新車。 convinced adj. 堅信的堅信的;意志堅定的意志堅定的 convincing adj. 令人心服的令人心服的2. Colonel Pickering (P): an officer in the army and late

17、r a friend of Higgins who sets him a task. 皮皮克林上?？肆稚闲?簡稱簡稱P):陸軍軍官陸軍軍官, 后來成后來成為希金斯的朋友。希金斯給他安排為希金斯的朋友。希金斯給他安排了一項任務(wù)。了一項任務(wù)。 officer與與official officer 主要用于指軍官主要用于指軍官,也可指公司也可指公司或政府機構(gòu)中的高級職員或政府機構(gòu)中的高級職員; official 指政府內(nèi)的文職官員指政府內(nèi)的文職官員,用作形用作形容詞時指容詞時指“ 官方的官方的,正式的正式的”。 The officers live at headquarters ad the sold

18、iers live in the camps. 軍官住在總部軍官住在總部,士兵住在軍營。士兵住在軍營。 The president and his ministers are government officials. 總統(tǒng)和部長為政府高級官員?？偨y(tǒng)和部長為政府高級官員。 set (1) vt.安排安排;布置布置(崗哨崗哨); 定定(時間、標準時間、標準)；創(chuàng)造創(chuàng)造(記錄記錄);專心于專心于 Set guards around the gate. 在大門四周布下衛(wèi)兵。在大門四周布下衛(wèi)兵。 The time and date of the meeting have not yet been se

19、t. 開會時間與日期尚未確定。開會時間與日期尚未確定。 He set a new record. 他創(chuàng)下了一項新記錄。他創(chuàng)下了一項新記錄。 Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it. 世上無難事世上無難事, 只怕有心人。只怕有心人。(2) vt. 使使做某事做某事;使使處于某種狀處于某種狀態(tài)態(tài) I opened the cage and set the bird free. 我把鳥籠打開我把鳥籠打開,讓鳥自由飛翔。讓鳥自由飛翔。 A spark set the woods on fine. 星星之火使整個

20、森林燃燒起來。星星之火使整個森林燃燒起來。(3) vi. (日、月等日、月等) 下落；下沉下落；下沉 It will be cooler when the sun has set. 日落后天就會涼爽起來。日落后天就會涼爽起來。(4) n.一套，一組；電器設(shè)備一套，一組；電器設(shè)備 I bought a set of Lu Xuns short stories. 我買了一套魯迅短篇小說集。我買了一套魯迅短篇小說集。 I need a radio set. 我需要一臺收音機。我需要一臺收音機。set off 出發(fā)出發(fā), 動身動身 set out 出發(fā)出發(fā), 著手著手 set about 開始開始,著

21、手著手set up 建立建立, 成立成立 set sb. good example 為某人樹立好榜樣為某人樹立好榜樣Its ten years since the scientist _ on his life work of discovering the valuable chemical. (2004 江蘇江蘇) A. made for B. set out C. took off D. turned up3. While watching, he makes notes. 他一邊觀察他一邊觀察, 一邊做筆記。一邊做筆記。 while watching 為為while he was wa

22、tching 省略句。在以省略句。在以when, while, if, unless等引導的狀語從句中等引導的狀語從句中,如果從句如果從句中的主語與主句主語一致且從句謂語中的主語與主句主語一致且從句謂語動詞含有動詞含有be動詞的形式動詞的形式,往往將從句中往往將從句中的主語及的主語及be動詞省略動詞省略,而以動詞的而以動詞的-ing形式或過去分詞形式來代替。形式或過去分詞形式來代替。 After finishing the work, he went home. 完成工作后他就回家了。完成工作后他就回家了。 After being discussed, the plan should be c

23、arried out at once. 計劃討論后計劃討論后, 應(yīng)立即實施。應(yīng)立即實施。 While crossing the street, look out for cars passing by. 過馬路時過馬路時, 小心過路車輛。小心過路車輛。1) When_ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered80 D. offered2) While_ the river, he saw a big crocodile.A. to cross

24、B. crossingC. cross D. crossed3) Before_ , the play must be examined by the director.A. putting on B. to be put onC. put on D. being put on4) -Whats the matter with you? -_ the window, my finger was cut unexpectedly. A. Cleaning B. To clean C. While cleaning D. While I was cleaning5) Never_ faith in

25、 himself, the scientist went on with his research. A. losing B. to lose C. lost D. to be lost4. I aint done nothing wrong by speaking to that gentleman. 我跟那位先生說話我跟那位先生說話,又沒做什么壞事呀。又沒做什么壞事呀。 aint 是不規(guī)范的語言是不規(guī)范的語言,相當于相當于am not, is not, has not, have not. We aint coming. 我們不來了。我們不來了。 They aint got it. 他們沒

26、有那玩意兒。他們沒有那玩意兒。 nothing wrong 中的中的wrong是形容詞是形容詞作后置定語作后置定語, 修飾修飾nothing。形容詞修。形容詞修飾不定代詞時飾不定代詞時, 必須置于不定代詞之必須置于不定代詞之后。后。 Theres something wrong with my watch. 我的表出毛病了。我的表出毛病了。 Please come earlier. Something important will be announced. 請早點來請早點來,有重要的事情要宣布。有重要的事情要宣布。 Is there anything interesting? 有什么有趣的事

27、嗎？有什么有趣的事嗎？5. Here you are (hands over the paper covered with writing). 給你給你(他把寫滿字的紙遞過來他把寫滿字的紙遞過來) hand over 移交移交; 讓與；交給某人照料讓與；交給某人照料 The captain was unwilling to hand over the command of his ship. 船長不愿移交軍艦的指揮權(quán)。船長不愿移交軍艦的指揮權(quán)。 The thief was handed over to the policeman. 小偷被交給警察處理。小偷被交給警察處理。 hand down

28、傳給傳給 hand on 傳遞傳遞 hands up 舉手舉手 hand out 分給分給,分發(fā)分發(fā)It is certain that he will _ his business to his son when he gets old. A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over covered with writing 為過去分詞短語為過去分詞短語作后置定語作后置定語, 相當于定語從句相當于定語從句which/that is covered with writing. The concert given by him was a

29、great success. 由他舉行的音樂會很成功。由他舉行的音樂會很成功。 The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century. 最早為外語教師而寫的英語課本出現(xiàn)最早為外語教師而寫的英語課本出現(xiàn)在在18世紀。世紀。 Some of them, born and brought up in villages, had never seen a train. 他們當中的一些人生長在農(nóng)村他們當中的一些人生長在農(nóng)村, 從未從未 見過火車。見過火車。 T

30、he meeting held yesterday proved to be a success. 昨天開的那次會議證明很成功。昨天開的那次會議證明很成功。1)Some of the suspects_ refused to answer and kept their mouths shut.A.questioning B. being questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned2)You will find the word “psychology”_ under “P” in any dictionary.A.have listed B. to

31、 be listedC. listing itself D. listed3)The amount of money_ for the seriously sick child was soon collected.A.to need B. neededC. needing D. which needed4)All cars _ nowadays are equipped with safety belts, _ are helpful to drivers. A. being produced; they B. to be produced; which C. produced; which

32、 D. produced; they6. What if I was? 如果我是又怎樣呢？如果我是又怎樣呢？ 此句為省略句。原句為此句為省略句。原句為: What if I was born in? What if意思為意思為“要是要是又會怎又會怎樣？樣？”。7. People begin their working life in a poor neighbor of London with 80 pounds a year and end in a rich one with 100 thousand. 人們在倫敦的一個貧窮地區(qū)開始工作人們在倫敦的一個貧窮地區(qū)開始工作, 年薪年薪80英鎊，

33、而最終成為擁有英鎊，而最終成為擁有10萬英鎊萬英鎊的富人。的富人。此句為并列句此句為并列句, 主句為主句為 people beginand end in; in a poorwith, in a rich. with 在句中作狀語。在句中作狀語。8. But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths. 但是他們一張嘴就露了餡。但是他們一張嘴就露了餡。 Dont stop every time you come to a word or phrase you dont know. 你遇到一個你不會的單詞或詞組不要每你遇到一個

34、你不會的單詞或詞組不要每次都停下來。次都停下來。Youre welcome to come back any time you want to.你想什么時候來我們都歡迎。你想什么時候來我們都歡迎。He called to see me the first time hecame to Nanjing.第一次他來南京就打電話來看我。第一次他來南京就打電話來看我。 Next time you come, youll see him. 下次你來的時候就看見他了。下次你來的時候就看見他了。 有些表示時間的短語可引導時間狀語從有些表示時間的短語可引導時間狀語從句，如：句，如：the instant, t

35、he moment, the day , the year, each (every) time, next time, the first (second) time等。等。1)The minute _ he saw her, he fell in love. A. when B. / C. that D. which2)_ I come he is reading.A.While B. Every timeC. The last D. After3) By the time you arrive in London, we_ in Europe for two weeks. A. shal

36、l stay B. have stayed C. will have stayed D. have been staying4) The moment I _ her, I knew something _ wrong. A. have seen; gone B. had seen; had C. saw; was D. see; had gone9.Now once taught by me 一旦由我來教一旦由我來教, When finished, the homework was handed in. 作業(yè)一完成就交上了去。作業(yè)一完成就交上了去。 Although tired, he co

37、ntinued climbing. 盡管很累盡管很累, 但他仍繼續(xù)爬著。但他仍繼續(xù)爬著。 比較：比較：While being operated, the machine sent off a lot of smoke. 機器被操作時機器被操作時, 冒出許多煙。冒出許多煙。 以以once, if, as, unless, when, though, although引導的狀語從句引導的狀語從句, 若從句主語若從句主語與主句主語一致與主句主語一致, 且從句中謂語動詞為且從句中謂語動詞為 be+v.-ed 形式形式, 或從句中主謂結(jié)構(gòu)為或從句中主謂結(jié)構(gòu)為 it is (was)+ adj.時時, 則

38、從句結(jié)構(gòu)可以直接由以則從句結(jié)構(gòu)可以直接由以上連詞加上連詞加v-ed或或adj.代替。代替。1)When first_ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.A. introducing B. introducedC. introduce D. being introduced 2)_, the vitamin C in them will be destroyed.A. If vegetables are cooked too longB. If cooked too longC. If cooking too longD. I

39、f being cooked too long3)This is an illness that may result in total blindness if left_. A. being untreated B. untreated C. not treating D. not having treated4) Ask him go take you home _ possible. A. at B. while C. if D. if they10. But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, the girl could

40、 pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party. 可是可是,先生先生(自豪地自豪地), 一旦那個女孩被教一旦那個女孩被教會說正確的英語會說正確的英語, 她就能夠在三個月后她就能夠在三個月后由一位大使舉辦的舞會上冒充一位女由一位大使舉辦的舞會上冒充一位女公爵。公爵。 這是一個復合句這是一個復合句,從句為從句為once she is educated to speak properly 的省略形的省略形式。式。 pass off as 冒充冒充 She passed herself off

41、as an American. 她冒充是美國人。她冒充是美國人。 He passed his secretary off as wife. 他把秘書冒充他的妻子。他把秘書冒充他的妻子。 pass off 停止停止;順利地舉行順利地舉行;躲開躲開 pass by 走過走過;不理會不理會 pass on 傳遞傳遞 pass through 通過通過,穿過穿過 Preview grammar by finishing Exercise 1&2 on Page 32, all exercises on Page 33 and exercise of page 73 of using structures. Homework: