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Unit 4 (時(shí)間：40分鐘　滿分：45分) Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分) 1．—Was the proposal passed at yesterdays meeting? —Yes, but some members at the committee expressed________.(2012濰坊市壽光現(xiàn)代中學(xué)高三檢測(cè))　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A．a(chǎn)ssociations B．a(chǎn)uthority C．corporations D．reservations 答案　D　[考查名詞詞義辨析。association社團(tuán)；聯(lián)盟；authority權(quán)力；權(quán)威；corporation公司；法人；reservation(保留)意見(jiàn)；異議。句意：……但是委員會(huì)的有些成員表示保留意見(jiàn)。] 2．At the class meeting, some top students introduced several________to the study of English. A．a(chǎn)pproaches B．means C．methods D．ways 答案　A　[ 考查名詞與介詞的搭配。approach to sth/doing sth做某事的方法；by means of/by this means/by that means通過(guò)某種方式；with the method of...用……的方法；way to do.../of doing 做……的方式或方法。句意：在班會(huì)上，幾個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)優(yōu)秀的同學(xué)介紹了他們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的方法。] 3．At the conference, political leaders from many countries promised to work together to defend the world________terrorism and other threats. A．for B．without C．beyond D．a(chǎn)gainst 答案　D　[考查動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配。defend against/with...保護(hù)……免受……的傷害。句意：會(huì)議上，來(lái)自多個(gè)國(guó)家的政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人承諾攜手保護(hù)全球免受恐怖活動(dòng)和其他威脅的傷害。] 4．When the headmaster spoke out his plan，the________of the students in the class________against it. A．majority; were B．most; were C．most; did D．majority; did 答案　A　[考查固定搭配和主謂一致。the majority of“大多數(shù)的”，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。故選A。句意：當(dāng)校長(zhǎng)說(shuō)出他的計(jì)劃后，班上的大多數(shù)學(xué)生都反對(duì)。] 5．________，I can see that those terrible events shaped me into the person I am today. A．Having looked back B．Looking back C．Being looking back D．To be looking back 答案　B　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法。look back與句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞see同時(shí)發(fā)生，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式作狀語(yǔ)，表時(shí)間。looking back相當(dāng)于when I look back。句意：回過(guò)頭來(lái)看一看，我認(rèn)為是這些可怕的事件使我成為了今天的樣子。] 6．—What do you suppose________her look so upset? —________by her boyfriend again. A．made; She was misunderstood B．had made; Having been misunderstood C．has made; Being misunderstood D．made; Misunderstood 答案　C　[句意：——你認(rèn)為是什么使她看上去如此難過(guò)？——是再一次被她的男朋友誤解了。由句意知第一個(gè)空應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示某事對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響；第二個(gè)空回答第一句話詢問(wèn)的主語(yǔ)what，用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式，因?yàn)閙isunderstand 與she之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。] 7．Those who are of great determination are________to make great achievement.(2012白鷺洲中學(xué)高三月考) A．possibly B．likely C．probably D．maybe 答案　B　[考查固定搭配。be likely to do...“有可能……”。句意：那些意志堅(jiān)定的人有可能取得巨大的成就。] 8．________，the northerners like noodles while the southerners are fond of rice in China. A．In general B．In total C．In other words D．In all 答案　A　[考查副詞短語(yǔ)。A項(xiàng)意為“一般說(shuō)來(lái)”，相當(dāng)于generally speaking；B項(xiàng)意為“總計(jì)；總共”；C項(xiàng)意為“換句話說(shuō)”；D項(xiàng)意為“總共；合計(jì)”。句意：一般說(shuō)來(lái)，在中國(guó)，北方人喜歡吃面條，而南方人則喜歡吃米飯。] 9．Many studies already link the first meal of the day to better classroom________.(2012湖北省八市高三聯(lián)考) A．performance B．function C．behavior D．display 答案　A　[考查名詞詞義辨析。performance表現(xiàn)；表演；function功能；作用；behavior行為；舉止。句意：很多的研究把早餐與當(dāng)天的更好的課堂表現(xiàn)聯(lián)系在一起。] 10．Thinking about the fact that I was not prepared well enough, and________to lose my face, I gave up this years civil service exam. A．didnt want B．not wanted C．not wanting D．not to want 答案　C　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，應(yīng)用and連接wanting與前面的thinking，作并列的原因狀語(yǔ)。句意：考慮到我還沒(méi)有做好準(zhǔn)備，并且也不想丟臉，我放棄了今年的公務(wù)員考試。] 11．When ________ the office, I found the naughty boy________beside my desk, trembling. A．entered; standing B．entering; stood C．entered; stood D．entering; standing 答案　D　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法。enter與句子主語(yǔ)I之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用when＋v.ing形式作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；naughty boy與stand之間同樣存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用v.ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。句意：當(dāng)我走進(jìn)辦公室時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)淘氣的男孩站在我的辦公桌旁，渾身發(fā)抖。] 12．—Hey, Mike. An Indian man recently sang for 80 hours straight, setting a new Guinness world record. —Really? Its really a(an)________feat(本事)．(2012西南師大附中學(xué)高三期中) A．extraordinary B．curious C．special D．intelligent 答案　A　[考查形容詞辨析。extraordinary非凡的；杰出的；curious好奇的；special特別的；intelligent聰明的；明智的；句意：——嗨，邁克，最近有一個(gè)印度人連續(xù)唱歌80小時(shí)，創(chuàng)造了新的吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄?！娴膯?？這真是了不起的本事?？芍獞?yīng)選A項(xiàng)。] 13．At the Qiantang River on September 24th, the tidal bore, a name for a large column of water produced by the tide，________as high as 1.9 metres，________the start of the autumn flood period of the river. A．reaching; marking B．reached; to mark C．reaching; to mark D．reached; marking 答案　D　[句意：涌潮是因潮水產(chǎn)生的巨大水柱的名字。9月24日，錢塘江涌潮高達(dá)1.9米， 標(biāo)志著該河流秋季汛期的到來(lái)。結(jié)合句意，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，第一個(gè)空用reached作句子謂語(yǔ)，第二個(gè)空用現(xiàn)在分詞marking作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。] 14．Furniture and floor usually come to mind when we think of ways to use bamboo. Not many of us, ________， think of bamboo clothing.(2012江蘇南通市高三模擬) A．therefore B．thus C．though D．meanwhile 答案　C　[考查副詞用法。由句意“當(dāng)我們想到竹子的用途的時(shí)候，通常會(huì)想到家具和地板。然而，我們沒(méi)有多少人會(huì)想到竹子做的衣服?！笨芍瑧?yīng)用though表轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“而，然而”。] 15．—________ she come to see you today? —Of course, please. And I would rather she told me the truth. A．Shall B．Can C．Will D．Should 答案　A　[考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。shall與第三人稱連用，用在一般疑問(wèn)句中表示征求對(duì)方許可。句意：——要她今天來(lái)見(jiàn)你嗎？——當(dāng)然了。我想讓她告訴我真相。] Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分) Most parents，I suppose，have had the experience of reading a bedtime story to their children.And they must have __16__ how difficult it is to write a __17__ childrens book.Either the author has aimed too __18__，so that children fail to follow what is in his(or her)story，__19__ the story seems to be talking to readers. The best childrens books are __20__ too difficult nor too simple，and satisfy both the __21__ who hears the story and the adult who reads it.Unfortunately，there are in fact __22__ books like this，so the problem of finding the right bedtime story is not __23__ to solve. It may be true that many books regarded as __24__ of childrens literature are in fact written for __25__.Alices Adventure in Wonderland is perhaps the most __26__ of this. Children often __27__ the least possible interest in literature.Just leave a child in a bookshop or __28__ and he will __29__ willingly choose the books written in an imaginative way，or have a look __30__ childrens comics，full of stories and jokes，which teachers and many parents __31__ to. Perhaps we parents should stop trying to brainwash children into __32__ our taste in literature.After all，children and adults are so__33__ that we parents should not expect that children will enjoy the __34__ books.So I __35__ well just have to compromise on the bedtime story. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】 本文主要探討了什么樣的書(shū)才是孩子真正需要的。作者認(rèn)為父母不能把自己的思想強(qiáng)加給孩子，要尊重孩子的選擇。 16．A.hoped B．realized C．told D．said 答案　B　[考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知，此處表示家長(zhǎng)們一定意識(shí)到寫出一本好的兒童讀物是多么的難。realize意為“意識(shí)到”。] 17．A.short B．long C．good D．bad 答案　C　[考查形容詞。解析見(jiàn)上題。] 18．A.easily B．shortly C．high D．difficultly 答案　C　[考查形容詞。根據(jù)“so that children fail to follow what is in his(or her)story”可知，孩子們難以理解故事內(nèi)容，由此可以推斷出，有的作者寫作的目標(biāo)定得太“高”了。] 19．A.and B．but C．so D．or 答案　D　[考查語(yǔ)境與固定搭配。根據(jù)上文中的either可知，應(yīng)用or。either...or...是固定搭配，表示“或者……或者……”。] 20．A.both B．neither C．either D．a(chǎn)ll 答案　B　[考查固定搭配。此處表示最好的兒童讀物既不太難也不太簡(jiǎn)單。根據(jù)下文中的nor可知應(yīng)用neither，構(gòu)成neither...nor...的固定搭配，意為“既不……也不……”。] 21．A.child B．father C．mother D．teacher 答案　A　[考查名詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)可知，聽(tīng)故事的應(yīng)該是孩子，故用child，與后文的adult相對(duì)應(yīng)。] 22．A.few B．many C．little D．much 答案　A　[考查形容詞。不幸的是，事實(shí)上能達(dá)到這樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的書(shū)很少。根據(jù)“Unfortunately”一詞可知，此處應(yīng)該用含否定意義的形容詞few來(lái)修飾books。] 23．A.hard B．easy C．enough D．fast 答案　B　[考查形容詞。根據(jù)上文可知，好的兒童讀物很少，因此找到合適的睡前故事書(shū)不“容易”，所以答案為B。] 24．A.passages B．essays C．a(chǎn)rts D．works 答案　D　[考查名詞。根據(jù)下文所舉的例子可知，這里指的是兒童“文學(xué)作品”。works“作品”。] 25．A.adults B．girls C．boys D．children 答案　A　[考查名詞。根據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容可判斷出，很多兒童讀物孩子們看不懂，實(shí)際上卻是給“成年人”看的。] 26．A.positive B．hidden C．obvious D．simple 答案　C　[考查形容詞。根據(jù)上下文意思可知，此處表示《愛(ài)麗絲夢(mèng)游仙境》就是典型代表。obvious意為“明顯的”。] 27．A.are B．show C．find D．a(chǎn)dd 答案　B　[考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，孩子們對(duì)文學(xué)并不是很感興趣。show interest in意為“對(duì)……感興趣”。] 28．A.school B．home C．office D．library 答案　D　[考查名詞。此處表示把孩子們留在一個(gè)書(shū)店或圖書(shū)館。or連接的詞語(yǔ)應(yīng)該意思相近，由bookshop可知答案為library。] 29．A.more B．less C．much D．be 答案　A　[考查上下文語(yǔ)境。孩子們更愿意選擇那些富有想象力的作品。此處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)，與上文中的literature形成對(duì)比。] 30．A.over B．for C．a(chǎn)t D．a(chǎn)cross 答案　C　[考查固定短語(yǔ)。孩子的另一個(gè)選擇是看兒童連環(huán)畫(huà)。have a look at意為“看一看”。] 31．A.love B．interest C．object D．read 答案　C　[考查名詞。這些書(shū)都是老師和很多父母反對(duì)孩子們看的書(shū)。object意為“反對(duì)”。] 32．A.receiving B．a(chǎn)ccepting C．having D．refusing 答案　B　[考查動(dòng)詞。我們家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該停止給孩子們洗腦使他們“接受”；自己的文學(xué)愛(ài)好。accept指主觀“接受”，receive指客觀“收到”。] 33．A.same B．friendly C．different D．common 答案　C　[考查形容詞。根據(jù)上文和常識(shí)可知，大人和孩子的趣味是不一樣的，所以用different。] 34．A.common B．a(chǎn)verage C．special D．same 答案　D　[考查形容詞。此處表示父母不應(yīng)該期望孩子們和他們喜歡“一樣的”書(shū)。] 35．A.find B．recognize C．suppose D．know 答案　C　[考查動(dòng)詞。下文表達(dá)的是作者的觀點(diǎn)：我們家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該在睡前故事上讓步，即尊重孩子自己的選擇。suppose意為“認(rèn)為”。] Ⅲ.閱讀理解(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) Language learning begins with listening.Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners.Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child.Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises. Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these cant be said to show the babys intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store. This selfimitation(模仿)leads on to deliberate(有意的)imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech. It is a problem we need to get our teeth into. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world.Thus the use at seven months of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at other times for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself, I doubt, however whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds. 36．Before children start speaking________. A．they need equal amount of listening B．they need different amounts of listening C．they are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obeying spoken instructions D．they cant understand and obey the adults oral instructions 答案　B　[根據(jù)第一段“Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking”，可直接得到答案；C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在all。] 37．Children who start speaking late________. A．may have problems with their listening B．probably do not hear enough language spoken around them C．usually pay close attention to what they hear D．often take a long time in learning to listen properly 答案　D　[根據(jù)第一段“Language learning begins with listening.”，“l(fā)ater starters are often long listeners”，可知晚說(shuō)話的孩子晚在花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間在聽(tīng)上，聽(tīng)也就是接受說(shuō)前的指導(dǎo)。] 38．A babys first noises are________. A．a(chǎn)n expression of his moods and feelings B．a(chǎn)n early form of language C．a(chǎn) sign that he means to tell you something D．a(chǎn)n imitation of the speech of adults 答案　A　[根據(jù)第二段“during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on.”可知，孩子的“first noises”只是情感的表露，不能被看成是最初的語(yǔ)言形式，也還遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)到模仿大人語(yǔ)言的階段。] 39．The problem of deciding at what point a babys imitations can be considered as speech________. A．is important because words have different meanings for different people B．is not especially important because the changeover takes place gradually C．is one that should be properly understood because the meaning of words changes with age D．is one that should be completely ignored(忽略)because childrens use of words is often meaningless 答案　B　[從最后一段，尤其是最后一句話可知，作者對(duì)大人利用孩子的模仿能力教給他們新的語(yǔ)言是否會(huì)有成效持懷疑態(tài)度。但也不能“be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply”。] 40．The speaker implies________. A．parents can never hope to teach their children new sounds B．children no longer imitate people after they begin to speak C．children who are good at imitating learn new words more quickly D．even after they have learnt to speak, children still enjoy imitating 答案　D　[由最后一段“Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself，”可知。A太絕對(duì)；B與文中敘述不符；C文中沒(méi)有依據(jù)。] 寫作素材集錦 單詞 imaginative想象的 短語(yǔ) have a look at看一看 句子 Most parents，I suppose，have had the experience of reading a bedtime story to their children. 我想大部分的父母都曾有過(guò)給孩子讀睡前故事的經(jīng)歷。 8