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Unit 3 (時(shí)間：30分鐘　滿分：40分) Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1．Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional________. A．consequence B．independence C．competence D．intelligence 答案　C　[考查名詞詞義的辨析。consequence結(jié)果；后果；independence 獨(dú)立； competence 能力；intelligence智力。句意：教師必須不斷的更新自己知識(shí)以便于保持他們?cè)诼殬I(yè)上的能力。] 2．The traffic problem we are looking forward to seeing________should have attracted the local governments attention.(2012衡陽(yáng)市八中高三月考) A．solving B．solved C．to solve D．solve 答案　B　[考查動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，we are looking forward to seeing________ 部分為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾the traffic problem，作賓語(yǔ)的引導(dǎo)詞被省略。因此，空格處應(yīng)為句型see sth done，故B項(xiàng)正確。句意：我們渴望得到處理的交通問(wèn)題應(yīng)該引起政府的關(guān)注。] 3．Many people believe that poverty is only a problem in rural areas.________，it is also a problem in some urban areas. A．As a result B．Furthermore C．In the end D．As a matter of fact 答案　D　[考查短語(yǔ)的辨析。as a result 因此；furthermore而且；in the end 最后；as a matter of fact 實(shí)際上。由句中的also可知，D項(xiàng)符合句子的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：許多人認(rèn)為貧窮只是鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)存在的問(wèn)題，實(shí)際上，它也是部分城市地區(qū)存在的問(wèn)題。] 4．What he has said is reasonable________.(2012福建廈門(mén)三校高三聯(lián)考) A．in the way B．on the way C．by the way D．in a way 答案　D　[考查介詞短語(yǔ)的辨析。in the way 擋道；礙事；on the way 在途中；即將到來(lái)；by the way順便說(shuō)；順便問(wèn)一下；in a way在某方面。句意：他說(shuō)的話在某些方面是合理的。] 5．China has shown increasingly positive________of economic performance，but the countrys economic recovery is still uncertain，Prime Minister Wen said. A．traces B．signals C．marks D．signs 答案　D　[考查名詞詞義的辨析。trace痕跡；遺跡；signal信號(hào)；mark符號(hào)；記號(hào)；sign符號(hào)；標(biāo)記。句意：溫家寶總理說(shuō)中國(guó)已經(jīng)表現(xiàn)出了日益增長(zhǎng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)績(jī)的征兆，但是國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇還不穩(wěn)定。] 6．I havent seen Ann for ________ long that Ive forgotten what she looks like. A．such B．very C．so D．too 答案　C　[句意：我有很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)見(jiàn)著安了，我已忘記她長(zhǎng)什么樣了。so/such...that如此……以至于，即so＋adj./adv.＋that，而such＋n.＋that，long為副詞，故用so。故選C。] 7．No further financial problem________， but we once couldnt make both ends meet. A．rose B．a(chǎn)rose C．a(chǎn)roused D．raised 答案　B　[考查動(dòng)詞詞義的辨析。rise 為不及物動(dòng)詞，意為上升；升起；arise 常表示(問(wèn)題、困難等)出現(xiàn)，不及物動(dòng)詞；arouse 及物動(dòng)詞，喚醒；喚起；raise及物動(dòng)詞，撫養(yǎng)；提高。句子主語(yǔ)為problem，由此可知空格處應(yīng)用arise。句意：沒(méi)有再出現(xiàn)財(cái)政問(wèn)題，但我們又一次入不敷出了。] 8．Im not sure whether Ill succeed in persuading her.________， Ill try all possible means to make it. A．Even though B．If so C．Anyhow D．Therefore 答案　C　[考查副詞及連詞的辨析。even though 盡管，后接句子；if so如果這樣的話，為狀語(yǔ)從句的省略； anyhow無(wú)論如何；不管怎么說(shuō)；therefore因此。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知C項(xiàng)正確。句意：我不能確定是否能說(shuō)服她，但不管怎么說(shuō)，我要盡一切可能去做這件事。] 9．Many Europeans explored________continent of Africa in the 19th century with the determination to discover________unknown. A．/; the B．the; an C．/; an D．the; the 答案　D　[考查冠詞的用法。continent大洲，有定語(yǔ)of Africa修飾，應(yīng)用定冠詞the；第二空為the＋形容詞表示一類人或物。句意：許多歐洲人在19世紀(jì)時(shí)到非洲去探險(xiǎn)，決定發(fā)現(xiàn)那些未知的東西。] 10．________that Tom got inside the room to see what was going on.(2012安徽蚌埠二中高三質(zhì)檢) A．So strangely did he feel B．So strangely he felt C．So strange did he feel D．So strange he felt 答案　C　[考查so...that 句型的倒裝。so ＋adj./adv.位于句首時(shí)主句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：他覺(jué)得那么奇怪以至于湯姆都到房間里來(lái)看看發(fā)生了什么事。] 11．________，the excited crowds in the square suddenly became so quiet. Its still puzzling. A．Personally B．Naturally C．Somehow D．Anyway 答案　C　[考查副詞的用法。somehow表示“不知為什么”，符合句子結(jié)構(gòu)。personally本人；親自；naturally 自然地；anyway無(wú)論如何；不管怎么說(shuō)。句意：廣場(chǎng)上興奮的人群不知為什么突然那么安靜。太令人不解了。] 12．The police have finally________the mystery (疑案)．(2012山西介休十中高三模擬) A．succeeded to solve B．succeeded in solving C．succeeded solving D．succeeded on solving 答案　B　[考查短語(yǔ)的搭配。succeed in doing sth 成功做某事。句意：最后警察成功的破解了這一疑案。] 13．Every possible means________，but it seems that nothing will prevent the situation from getting worse.(2012陜西西安市高三質(zhì)檢) A．has tried B．have tried C．has been tried D．have been tried 答案　C　[考查主謂一致。every possible means 每一種可能的方法，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，且means 與try之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故C項(xiàng)正確。句意：每一種可能的方法都被試過(guò)了，但好像沒(méi)有什么能阻止這種狀況的每況愈下。] 14．Creative thinking is a conscious effort to break away from old patterns of thinking in order to________new possibilities. A．solve B．a(chǎn)pply C．explore D．ensure 答案　C　[考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。solve 解決；apply 申請(qǐng)；explore 探索；ensure保證；確保。句意：創(chuàng)造性思維是一種試圖擺脫舊思考模式、探索新的可能性的有意識(shí)的努力。] 15．While building a tube through the mountain，________. A．a(chǎn)n underground lake was discoverd B．there was an underground lake discovered C．a(chǎn) lake was discovered underground D．the workers discovered an underground lake 答案　D　[分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，從句為狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，此時(shí)主從句的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)一致，故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：在山上建隧道時(shí)，工人們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)地下湖。] Ⅱ.閱讀理解(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) What will power your house in the future？Nuclear，wind，or solar power？According to scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)in the US，it might be leaves—but artificial(人造的)ones. Natural leaves are able to change sunlight and water into energy.It is known as photosynthesis(光合作用)．Now researchers have found a way to imitate this seemingly simple process. The artificial leaf developed by Daniel Nocera and his colleagues at MIT can be seen as a special silicon chip with catalysts(催化劑)．Similar to natural leaves，it can split water into hydrogen and oxygen when put into a bucket of water.The hydrogen and oxygen gases are then stored in a fuel cell，which uses those two materials to produce electricity，located either on top of a house or beside the house. Though the leaf is only about the shape of a poker card，scientists claimed that it is promising to be an inexpensive source of electricity in developing countries.“One can imagine villages in India and Africa not long from now purchasing an affordable basic power system based on this technology，”said Nocera at a conference of the American Chemical Society. The artificial leaf is not a new idea.The first artificial leaf was invented in 1997 but was too expensive and unstable for practical use.The new leaf，by contrast，is made of cheap materials，easy to use and highly stable.In laboratory studies，Nocera showed that an artificial leaf prototype(原型)could operate continuously for at least 45 hours without a drop in activity. The wonderful improvements come from Noceras recent discovery of several powerful，new and inexpensive catalysts.These catalysts make the energy transformation inside the leaf more efficient with water and sunlight.Right now，the new leaf is about 10 times more efficient at carrying out photosynthesis than a natural one.Besides，the device can run in whatever water is available；that is，it doesnt need pure water.This is important for some countries that dont have access to pure water. With the goal to “make each home its own power station” and “give energy to the poor”，scientists believe that the new technology could be widely used in developing countries，especially in India and rural China. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】 本文是一篇科普文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家利用人造樹(shù)葉仿效光合作用進(jìn)行發(fā)電這一新發(fā)明。 16．Which of the following orders correctly shows how the artificial leaf is used to produce electricity? a．a(chǎn)rtificial leaves split water into hydrogen and oxygen b．the hydrogen and oxygen gases are stored in a fuel cell c．the artificial leaves are put in water d．the fuel cell uses hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity A．c，b，a，d B．c，a，b，d C．b，c，a，d D．c，a，d，b 答案　B　[細(xì)節(jié)排序題。文章的第三段提到人造樹(shù)葉發(fā)電的過(guò)程：先把它放在一桶水里，然后樹(shù)葉將水分解為氫氣和氧氣，而氫氣和氧氣被存儲(chǔ)于燃料電池里，隨后電池利用氫氣和氧氣的反應(yīng)發(fā)電。] 17．Which of the following statements about new artificial leaves is NOT WRONG according to the article? A．They are inexpensive but unstable. B．They are as efficient at carrying out photosynthesis as natural leaves. C．They can work only in pure water. D．They need several catalysts to help them work efficiently. 答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段中的“The wonderful improvements come from Noceras recent discovery of several powerful，new and inexpensive catalysts.”可知，人造樹(shù)葉發(fā)電能夠更有效率的關(guān)鍵在于催化劑。] 18．The purpose of the scientists at MIT in developing the new artificial leaf is to________. A．build up more power stations in the world B．provide cheaper energy for developing countries C．offer people in developing countries access to pure water D．gain a deeper understanding of the photosynthesis process 答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，人造樹(shù)葉發(fā)電這一技術(shù)可以幫助發(fā)展中國(guó)家獲得便宜的能源。] 19．The main idea of this passage is ________. A．a(chǎn)n introduction to the history of artificial leaves B．a(chǎn)n invention copying photosynthesis C．giving energy to the poor D．a(chǎn) mixture of water power and solar energy 答案　B　[主旨大意題。綜觀全文可知，本文主要講述了人造樹(shù)葉模擬光合作用發(fā)電這一新發(fā)明。] 20．The underlined word “imitate” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “________”． A．produce B．hold C．prevent D．copy 答案　D　[詞義猜測(cè)題。畫(huà)線部分的前文介紹了什么是光合作用，后文介紹了利用人造樹(shù)葉效仿這種光合作用進(jìn)行發(fā)電的內(nèi)容，所以該詞的含義應(yīng)該是“仿效”，故D項(xiàng)是最佳答案。] Ⅲ.閱讀表達(dá)(共5小題；每小題3分，滿分15分) 閱讀下面的短文，并根據(jù)短文后的要求答題(請(qǐng)注意問(wèn)題后的詞數(shù)要求)。 With many job postings(公開(kāi)招聘) now requiring candidates (應(yīng)聘者) to apply via email, first impressions are made not with a handshake but with words on a computer screen. Just like its usually a good idea to dress best for an interview, emails also should be refined.________________________， here are some tips： ☆Forget what instant messaging has taught you. Recruiters (招聘人員) report that young professionals often send overly casual emails, treating an application like an instant message (IM). When using IM with friends and acquaintances, its acceptable to use shortened forms of words or phrases and incomplete sentences. In business correspondence (信函), however, stick to the rules your Chinese and English teachers taught you. ☆Dont be cool. Your lovely email background of pets playing with each other has got to go. Comic fonts (字體) are unprofessional. HR managers (人力資源經(jīng)理) recommend plain fonts such as Times New Roman or Arial, and black text on a white background.They also warn against sending emails from strange addresses. Littlebird@ or Chinatiger@ might not get what you hope for. ☆Dont be too creative in the subject line(標(biāo)題)． Use plain, simple language like “Talented candidate seeking position as [name of position]” or “Enthusiastic candidate seeking position with [name of company]”. Use one word to describe yourself, but do not go to extremes. The same rules apply to a paper resume (簡(jiǎn)歷) and cover letter. Recruiters have only seconds to devote to each cover letter they receive. Many look at just three things: the positions youve held, the companies youve worked for，and your educational background.Anything_else,_such_as_a_long_story_about_yourself,_can_get_in_the_way. 21．Whats the purpose of this passage？(Please answer within 15 words.) ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　To give advice on email manners that affect jobhunting results. 22．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? You should avoid using very cool or lovely background in your application email. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　Your lovely email background of pets playing with each other has got to go. 23．Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.(Please answer within 10 words.) ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　To avoid failing your search/application 24. According to the passage, what should an email application be like? (Please answer within 10 words.) ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　It should be formal and simple. 25．Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案　除此之外的任何描述，比如關(guān)于你自己的很長(zhǎng)的故事，都是多余的。 寫(xiě)作素材集錦 單詞 affordable支付得起的 短語(yǔ) 1．owe...to...把……歸功于…… 2．have access to有機(jī)會(huì)使用…… 句子 Besides，the device can run in whatever water is available. 除此之外，這種設(shè)備可在任何可以利用的水中工作。 7