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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪 語(yǔ)法專題6 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞01 譯林牛津版 高考預(yù)練 1.— You must be excited about going to Japan for schooling. —__________ , but Im afraid I cant do well because Japanese is poor. A. Never mind B. Well, I ought to C. I don’t know yet D. Certainly not 2. —What do you think of your nephew? —He__________ be very naughty but at the same time you poor. A. will ; will B. wont; cant C. may ; may D. can; cant 3. Exercise is__________ as any other to lose unwanted weight. A. so useful a way B. as a useful way C. as useful a way D. such a useful way 4. —____________ you_________ the editor at the airport? —No, he__________ away before my arrival. A. Have... met; has driven B. Had... met; was driven C. Did... meet; had been driven D. Have... met; had driven 5. —Why didnt you answer my phone when I phoned you at about 11 p. m. yesterday? —I ___________and failed to hear the phone. A. might have slept B. must be sleeping C. might be sleeping D. must have been sleeping 6. His parents meant him_____________ scientific research, but he showed no interest and turned poet. A. going in for B. to have gone in for C. to go in for D. having gone in for 7. —What would you wish to do if you were a college student again? —Thats very hard to say, but I wish I when I was a college student. A. has not studied biology B. did study biology C. had studied biology D. studied biology 8. He___________ when the bus came to a sudden stop. A. was almost hurt B. was to hurt himself C. was hurt himself D. was hurting himself 9. with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain doesnt seem high at all. A. When pared B. To pare C. While paring D. It pared 10. If you want to see a doctor, fix the date with him ahead of time. This is a mon ___________ in the USA. A. habit B. law C. rule D. custom 11. Nothing__________ after the terrible fire which had been caused by someone smoking in bed. A. left B. was remained C. remained D. continued 12. Although motor car has been with us for almost a century, I have never been able to drive __________American one. A. the ; an B. was remained C. a; the D. the ; the 13. It was not a good idea to go skating. You __________your leg. A. can break B. could break C. could have broken D. could have been broken 14. —What were you doing when she dropped in? —I for a while and_________ some reading. A. was playing; was going to do B. played; did C. had played; was going to do D. had played; did 15. The queen will visit the town in May, she will open the new hospital. A. when B. then C. while D. but 參考答案與解析 1—5 BDCCD 6—10 BCAAD 11-15 CACCA ***************************************************** 1．B本題關(guān)鍵是抓住答語(yǔ)中提供的信息，“恐怕我做不好，因?yàn)槲业娜照Z(yǔ)很差?！彼薪訂?wèn)旬B選項(xiàng)“我本該很高興”最符合題意。 2．D本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法，前一空填“可能”含義的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，排除A、B。后一空為慣用法，cant help doing是禁不住干某事。 3．C本題是形容詞比較級(jí)的用法考查。as+adj．+as表示“和……一樣”。若as之間出現(xiàn)名詞j排列順序應(yīng)為as+a由．+a／an+n．+as。 4．C本題關(guān)鍵要抓住此事已發(fā)生。而答語(yǔ)中的行為在問(wèn)句行為之前出現(xiàn)，所以前一空為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，后一空為過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 5．D本題可以采用排除法。問(wèn)句中提供整個(gè)過(guò)程表示過(guò)去的行為。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接完成時(shí)表示對(duì)過(guò)去的猜測(cè)，故排除B、C。問(wèn)句中有“at about 11 p．m．”具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，所以選D。 6．B mean在本題中意為“想”，相當(dāng)于want，用法為mean sb．to do，。而go in for表示“從事”。整句話為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故不定式之后用完成時(shí)形式表過(guò)去。 7．C本題考查wish后接賓詞從句的用法。Wish后接賓詞從句，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，因?yàn)轭}干提示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，故用had done。 8．A本題考查hurt的用法，hurt是及物動(dòng)詞，“傷害某人”用hurt+oneself；若hurt后未接名詞，則必須用被動(dòng)。類似的詞還有：seat，dress等等。 9．A本題考查省略的用法。分句和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，when引導(dǎo)分句的主語(yǔ)省略，原句應(yīng)為“when the highest mountain is pared with the size of the whole earth”。 10．D本題是典型的詞語(yǔ)辨析題，habit通常為“生活習(xí)慣”，law為“法律”，rule為“條文規(guī)定”，custom為“習(xí)慣”，所以D項(xiàng)符合題意。 11．C本題考查動(dòng)詞的用法。表示“剩下”的意思時(shí)，leave為及物動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)為“be left’，remain為不及物動(dòng)詞，故選C。 12．A本題考查冠詞的用法。前者加定冠詞the，表示“一類”；后者為泛指。 13．C本題關(guān)鍵為抓住題中提供的信息。“It was not a good idea’表明動(dòng)作發(fā)生于過(guò)去，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞完成式表明對(duì)過(guò)去動(dòng)作的猜測(cè)。 14．C本題的時(shí)態(tài)考查具有一定的迷惑性?！皊he dropped in”發(fā)生于“play’與“do some reading’之間，故play用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，而do some reading用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。 15．A 本題為連詞用法的考查，句子無(wú)承接和轉(zhuǎn)折的意思，故排除B、D，而while更強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，所以也不符合題意。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說(shuō)話人的語(yǔ)氣和情緒，本身詞義不全，不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，后面必須與動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但有的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有過(guò)去式。 考點(diǎn)一　can與could 1．表示能力，但could主要指過(guò)去的能力。表示“過(guò)去有能力成功做成某事”時(shí)通常用was/were able to。 The little boy can speak two foreign languages. Could the girl read before she went to school? Everyone was able to escape when the fire broke out. 2．表示可能（理論上或是邏輯判斷上，并不涉及此事真的發(fā)生），常譯為“往往會(huì)，有時(shí)候可能會(huì)”，常用于肯定句中。 Accidents can happen on rainy days. 3．表示請(qǐng)求和允許。在問(wèn)句中could語(yǔ)氣比can要委婉。 You can go back home now. 4．表示驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度。主要用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句或感嘆句中。 How can you be so careless? 5．表示推測(cè)，常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)。 He cant be in the classroom；the light is not on. 6．cannot/never...too/enough...表示“再……也不為過(guò)”。 You can never be too careful when driving a car. 7．cannot but do sth./cannot help but do sth. /cannot choose but do sth.表示“不得不，只好做某事”。 You cannot choose but go with me. 考點(diǎn)二　shall 1．用于第二、三人稱的陳述句中，表示命令、許諾、警告、強(qiáng)制、威脅、決心等；此外，頒布法律、規(guī)定時(shí)也用shall。 The new law shall e into effect next month. 2．用于第一、三人稱的疑問(wèn)句中，表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)或向?qū)Ψ街甘尽? Shall the man standing outside have a try? 考點(diǎn)三　must 1．表示主觀上的“必須，應(yīng)該”，其否定形式mustnt表示禁止。對(duì)比：have to表示客觀上的“不得不”，可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。 You must listen carefully in class.Students mustnt play with mobile phones in class. I had lost my key，so I had to wait outdoors. 2．表示“非要，偏要”做某事，表達(dá)出說(shuō)話者的一種不滿情緒。 Why must you be talking so loudly when others are sleeping? 3．表示對(duì)具體事情的推測(cè)，意為“一定，肯定”，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，只用于肯定句中。 He must e from America. 考點(diǎn)四　should 1．表示義務(wù)，常譯為“應(yīng)該”，用于各種人稱。 Parents should take care of their babies. 2．表示預(yù)測(cè)可能性，譯為“可能，（按道理）應(yīng)該”，多指對(duì)未來(lái)合乎理想的情況或結(jié)果的一種期盼。 Its nearly 8 oclock.He should be here at the moment. 3．表示驚訝、意外等，常譯為“竟然，居然”。 I am surprised that you should speak ill of me. 4．用在if條件句中，表示可能性很小的一種虛擬語(yǔ)氣，常譯為“如果”。 If I should see him，I would tell him the news. 考點(diǎn)五　will與would 1．表示意愿，用于各種人稱的陳述句中。would常指過(guò)去的意愿。 If you will read the book，Ill give it to you. 2．表示請(qǐng)求，用于疑問(wèn)句。would語(yǔ)氣較委婉。 Will you close the window? 3．表示某種傾向或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，常譯為“總是，慣于”。would 可表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種傾向，后面接表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，不能接表示狀態(tài)的詞。對(duì)比：used to表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在已不存在。 He would sit in the park which used to be a factory reading for hours. 考點(diǎn)六　may與might 1．表示請(qǐng)求、允許、許可，might比may語(yǔ)氣委婉。 You may use my bike. 2．表示推測(cè)，常用于陳述句中，語(yǔ)氣比較弱，把握性不大。might語(yǔ)氣比may還要弱。 He may go out. 3．may as well＋動(dòng)詞原形，意為“最好，倒不如……”。 You may as well do it at once. 4．may well＋動(dòng)詞原形，意為“完全能，很可能”。 Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize at first sight. 5．may用于祈使句中，表示祝愿。 May you return in safety. 考點(diǎn)七　need 與dare 1．二者都可以作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和行為動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面要接動(dòng)詞原形，通常用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句和條件句中。用作行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其變化和一般的動(dòng)詞相同，有人稱和數(shù)的變化，構(gòu)成否定句和疑問(wèn)句時(shí)要借助于助動(dòng)詞do，does，did。dare用作行為動(dòng)詞，用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，常省略后面的to。 You neednt hurry；he needs to dress up. The little didnt dare（to）go out at night alone. 2．need作行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，若主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)用動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義或用不定式的被動(dòng)形式。 The house needs repairing.＝The house needs to be repaired. 3．I dare say為習(xí)慣說(shuō)法，意為“我想，大概”。 I dare say she dare not speak to her father in this manner. 考點(diǎn)八　情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè) 1．can，may，must皆可用來(lái)表示推測(cè)。 1）在肯定句中都可以用來(lái)表示可能性。在含義上“must”語(yǔ)氣最肯定，“may”表示不太肯定的可能性，而can表示理論上的可能性。 2）在否定句中只能用“can not”和“may not”?！癱ant”（不可能）語(yǔ)氣比“may not”（可能不、也許不）更強(qiáng)。 3）在疑問(wèn)句中只能用“can”，不能用“may”和“must”。 Accidents can happen on such snowy days.Look，there is some blood on the road；an accident must have happened just now.But it cant have been Mike，for I saw him in the school. 2．should 與ought to 可以表示對(duì)未來(lái)情況的一種期盼，常譯為“按理應(yīng)當(dāng)”。 He should/ought to be here on time—he started early. 考點(diǎn)九　情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done 1．could have done的疑問(wèn)或否定形式表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的行為表示懷疑或不肯定，其中couldnt have done 多用于語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)烈的否定，意為“過(guò)去不可能做過(guò)”。could have done在肯定句中表示“本來(lái)能做但卻沒(méi)做”。 The accident could have been avoided；the driver couldnt have slowed down. 2．may/might have done 表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的推測(cè)，意為“可能做過(guò)”。might 所表示的可能性比較弱，此外might have done 還可表示“本可能做而實(shí)際上未做”，含有輕微的責(zé)備語(yǔ)氣。 You might have given him more help，though you were busy with your work. 3．must have done 表示對(duì)過(guò)去行為的推測(cè)，意為“一定，想必做過(guò)”，語(yǔ)氣十分肯定。 It must have rained yesterday，as the ground is wet. 4．should/ought to have done 用于肯定句時(shí)，表示本該做某事，而實(shí)際上未做；用于否定句時(shí)，則表示不該做某事反而做了。 You oughtnt to have been late for the meeting，as it was very important. 5．neednt have done 表示本來(lái)不必做某事而實(shí)際上卻做了。 I actually neednt have bought so much food—only three people came. 6．had better have done 用于事后的建議，含輕微責(zé)備的口吻，意為“當(dāng)時(shí)最好做了某事”。 I had better have started earlier.