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2019-2020年高三英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義 學(xué)生用書 Book 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes 新人教版 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.語境填詞 1．The Olympic Games were one of the most important ________(事件) in our ________(國家)． 2．The ________(dirt) surroundings will bring ______(災(zāi)難)to the people nearby. 3．The ________(destroy) was ________(極度的) after the terrible earthquake. 4．The train left the ________(軌道) and hundreds of passengers were injured. 5．I believe you have the ability to distinguish what is ________(有用) and what is ________(無用)． 6．The soldiers were busy ________(營救) the people ________(陷入困境) under the ruins. 7．______(電) was cut off in the ______(災(zāi)難) area. 8．I had thought I would go and ____________(祝賀)her on her success，but words failed me.I could hardly ________(表達(dá)) my feelings. Ⅱ.選詞填空 think much of，right away，instead of，cut across，run out of 1．They have ________________ their money and have to go back. 2．________________ cooking at home，they went out to eat every day. 3．I usually ________________ the park on my way home. 4．He didn’t ________________ my advice. 5．This problem should be solved ________________. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．一聽到那個好消息，我興奮的不能入眠。 On hearing the good news，I was ________ excited ________ fall asleep. 2．這部電影和我預(yù)料的一樣精彩。 The movie is ______________________ I expected. 3．廣泛閱讀的人將會大大提高英語水平。 ________________ read widely will improve their English greatly. 4．作為一個中國人，我們?yōu)槲覀儑宜〉玫某删透械椒浅Ｗ院馈? As a Chinese，we are very ________________ the achievement our country has made. Ⅳ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．Some parents are just too protective.They want to ________ their kids from every kind of danger，real or imagined. A．spot B．dismiss C．shelter D．distinguish 2．He sent his ________ to me ________ my winning the first prize in the petition. A．congratulations；on B．congratulations；for C．celebrations；on D．celebrations；for 3．His car ________ severe damage in the accident. A．suffered from B．suffered of C．suffered D．suffering from 4．He spoke in such a ________ manner that all of the children were very ________. A．frightened；frightening B．frightened；frightened C．frightening；frightened D．frightening；frightening 5．They ________ all the dead branches from the tree. A．cut away B．cut across C．cut in D．cut into 6．The old man was well ________ because he was always ready to help others. A．thought about B．thought of C．thought over D．thought 7．The boys only brought a little food and was soon ________.So they had nothing to eat. A．run out B．run into C．run out of D．run off 8．________ want to take part in the game should sign your name here. A．Anyone who B．Those who C．One who D．No matter who 9．We are ________ that a pupil from our school has won a prize in the petition. A．proud B．proud of C．pride D．pride of 10．The larger flat is almost ________ the smaller one. A．a(chǎn)s twice large as B．twice as large as C．twice as larger as D．a(chǎn)s twice larger as 1．burst vi.炸破；爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生；突然發(fā)作；vt.使破裂，使炸裂；n.(感情等的)爆發(fā) 　【歸納拓展】 burst into＋n.突然爆發(fā)；闖入…… burst out doing sth.突然開始做…… burst into laughter＝burst out laughing突然大笑起來 burst into tears/cry＝burst out crying突然大哭起來 (1)My English teacher’s humor was such as to make every student burst into laughter. 我的英語老師的幽默就是如此(好笑)，以致于每一個同學(xué)都會哈哈大笑起來。 (2)Hearing the news，she burst out crying/burst into tears.聽到那個消息，她突然哭了起來。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 【活學(xué)活用】 (1)Last night the room ________________ but nothing was taken away. 昨晚有人闖入房間但沒帶走任何東西。 (2)I ________________ them，thinking that the room was empty. 我以為房間是空的，沒想到打擾了他們。 (3)He________ on our conversation with the news________ we would have a listening test the next week. A．burst out；which B．burst in；that C．burst forth；which D．burst up；that 2．destroy vt.破壞，毀滅 　【歸納拓展】 destructive adj.引起破壞的，破壞性的 destroyer n．破壞者，毀滅者 destruction n．毀壞，毀滅 Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply. (xx江蘇，閱讀理解B) 當(dāng)今狼的數(shù)量如此眾多以致于他們在日漸毀滅自己的食物供應(yīng)。 【活學(xué)活用】 (1)An atom bomb ________________ a city. 一顆原子彈能摧毀一座城市?！　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? (2)The earthquake ________________________. 地震毀了那所學(xué)校。 (3)Yesterday he had an accident and his car was ________.It needs repairing. A．damaged B．burnt C．destroyed D．ruined 3．bury v．埋葬；掩埋；隱藏 　【歸納拓展】 bury oneself in sth.使陷入；埋頭(工作、學(xué)習(xí)) bury one’s face in one’s hands雙手掩面 be buried in (doing) sth.專心致志于某事 be buried in thought在沉思中 The UK，for example，is running out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste. (xx山東，閱讀理解B) 比如說英國，就在逐漸用光掩埋這些不必要垃圾的場所?！　　　　　　　? 【活學(xué)活用】 (1)The true facts ______________________ a secret government report. 事實(shí)真相被掩藏于政府的一個秘密報(bào)告中。 (2)She was sitting with her head ________________________. 她坐著埋頭看報(bào)紙。 (3)I________ myself in my studies.In return，I gained great success.(xx安慶月考) A．placed B．hid C．laid D．buried 4.at an end結(jié)束，終結(jié) 【歸納拓展】 e to an end結(jié)束(作謂語) at the end of在……盡頭(末)(指時(shí)間或空間) by the end of到……末為止(與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用) in the end最后，終于(作狀語) By the end of last year，we had learnt 3,000 English words.到去年年底，我們已學(xué)了3 000個英語單詞?！　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? 【活學(xué)活用】 (1)It has rained four days ______________. 已連續(xù)下了四天雨了。 (2)________next year，you’ll have been an experienced teacher. (xx咸陽市調(diào)研) A．At the end of B．By the end of C．At an end D．In the end 5．a(chǎn) number of許多，大量 【歸納拓展】 a (great/good/large) number of用來修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。 表示“許多，大量”的其他表達(dá)方式： ＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語 ＋可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語 There are masses of plants in the garden.花園里有很多植物。 【活學(xué)活用】　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (1)Doctors studying the human brain have given ________________ examples of this amazing power of aphasics.(xx浙江，閱讀理解B) 研究人類大腦的醫(yī)生給了很多例子來證明失語癥患者的這種令人驚訝的能力。 (2)Quantities of/Masses of food ____ on the table. 飯桌上有許多飯菜。 (3)________ sunshine and some rainfall promise a good harvest of fruits and vegetables this year. A．A large quantity of B．Large quantities of C．A large number of D．A good many 6．In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 譯文 _________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 句式提?。簍oo...to... 關(guān)于too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)的其他用法： (1)too...to...與not或never連用時(shí)，不定式為肯定意義。not/never too...to...意為“并不太……所以能……”。 (2)too...to...前面有only，but，all時(shí)，only too，but too和all too相當(dāng)于very，后面的不定式也表示肯定。 【活學(xué)活用】 (1)But I am ________________________ to get the best fruit.(xx陜西，完形填空) 但是我年齡太大不能爬到高處摘到最好的果子。 (2)__________________________，he stared at the floor. 他眼睛盯著地面，緊張得答不上來。 (3)It is never ________________________ our prejudice. 拋棄偏見永遠(yuǎn)也不會太晚。 (4)I cannot thank you________ much to express myself.I owe my success to you. (xx紹興模擬) A．so B．very C．too D．a(chǎn)s 7.Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. 譯文　__________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 句式提取：as...as結(jié)構(gòu) (1)as＋＋as... as...as one can/could＝as...as possible盡可能…… (2)用表示倍數(shù)的詞或其他程度副詞作修飾語時(shí)，放在as的前面。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.(原級)＋as I think your suggestion is as valuable as theirs.(xx上海，概括大意題) 我認(rèn)為你的建議和他們的一樣寶貴?！　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? 【活學(xué)活用】 (1)This is ________________________ the other is.這個例子和另一個例子一樣好。 (2)I can carry ________________________ you can.你能搬多少紙我就能搬多少。 (3)My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours，but it is ________________________.(xx四川，19) 我叔叔在鄉(xiāng)下的房子比我們的小，但是比我們的貴兩倍。 (4)After the new equipment was introduced，they produced________machines last year as the year before.(xx鄭州模擬) A．a(chǎn)s twice many B．a(chǎn)s many twice C．twice as many D．twice many as [寫作句型公式] 1．Were/Should/Had＋主語＋其他＋主句 Were I you，I would have gone there yesterday. 如果我是你的話，我昨天就去那里了。 Had it not been for him，all the people on board would have been killed. 如果沒有他的話，車上所有的乘客都會遇難。 2．only＋狀語(從句)＋倒裝句 Only when agriculture is fully developed can industry have sufficient materials and markets. 只有農(nóng)業(yè)充分發(fā)展了，工業(yè)才有足夠的原料和市場。 3．Never/Hardly/Seldom/Barely/Rarely/Scarcely/Little...＋助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be動詞＋主語＋其他 Never before has this city been in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. 這個城市從來沒像現(xiàn)在這樣急需現(xiàn)代化交通工具。 [日常交際用語] 7．it isn’t my cup of tea：not to be the sort of thing that you like 不對胃口的事物；不感興趣的東西 Jazz just isn’t my cup of tea—I prefer classical music. 我不喜歡爵士樂——我喜歡古典音樂。 8．cut：said by the director of a film to tell everyone to stop acting，stop filming etc.停；停拍 “Good enough！Cut，”said the director. 導(dǎo)演說，“足夠好了！停拍。” 答案 課前準(zhǔn)備區(qū) Ⅰ.1.events；nation　2.dirty；sufferings　3.destruction；extreme　4.track　5.useful；useless　6.rescuing；trapped　7.Electricity；disaster　8.congratulate；express Ⅱ.1.run out of　2.Instead of　3.cut across 4．think much of　5.right away Ⅲ.1.too；to　2.as wonderful as　3.Those who 4．proud of Ⅳ.1.C　[shelter意為“保護(hù)，庇護(hù)”；spot認(rèn)出，定位；dismiss開除；distinguish區(qū)別。] 2．A　[congratulations后跟介詞on；celebration慶祝。] 3．C　[suffer此處用作及物動詞，意為“經(jīng)受，遭到”。] 4．C　[frightening令人恐怖的；frightened害怕的。] 5．A　[cut away砍掉，剪掉，其他不合句意。] 6．B　[be well thought of對……評價(jià)好，看法好。] 7．C　[run out of意為“用完”，此處用于被動語態(tài)。] 8．B　[those是定語從句的先行詞，指人，表復(fù)數(shù)，而A項(xiàng)后面謂語動詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)，C項(xiàng)也應(yīng)是單數(shù)。] 9．A　[proud是形容詞，后面接的是that從句，因此不能帶of。] 10．B　[表示倍數(shù)的詞與as...as連用時(shí)，倍數(shù)詞放在前面。] 課堂活動區(qū) 1．活學(xué)活用 (1)was burst into　(2)burst in on (3)B　[burst in on sth.(突然)打斷……，為固定用法；we would...應(yīng)為news的同位語，應(yīng)用連詞that。故選B項(xiàng)。] 2．活學(xué)活用 (1)would destroy (2)destroyed the school (3)A　[damage一般指損壞后價(jià)值或效益會降低，這種損壞是部分性的，可以修復(fù)；destroy指毀滅性的破壞；ruin意為“毀滅”。根據(jù)“It needs repairing.”可知應(yīng)選A。] 3．活學(xué)活用 (1)are buried in (2)buried in a newspaper (3)D　[由后句可知，應(yīng)是“我埋頭學(xué)習(xí)”；bury oneself in sth.埋頭于某事，符合句意。] 4．活學(xué)活用 (1)on end (2)B　[由句中將來完成時(shí)可知，狀語應(yīng)是“到明年年底”。故選B項(xiàng)。] 5．活學(xué)活用 (1)a number of　 (2)were (3)B　[sunshine和rainfall為不可數(shù)名詞，故只能選A或B。謂語動詞promise為復(fù)數(shù)，因此，B為正確答案。] 6．在農(nóng)家大院里，雞甚至是豬都緊張得不想進(jìn)食。 活學(xué)活用 (1)too old to climb high　 (2)Too nervous to reply (3)too late to give up (4)C　[句意為：我非常感謝你的好意……。too與cannot連用，表示肯定的意思。] 7．接著，在下午晚些時(shí)候，又一次強(qiáng)度幾乎和第一次一樣的地震在唐山爆發(fā)了。 活學(xué)活用 (1)as good an example as　 (2)as much paper as (3)twice as expensive (4)C　[該題考查的是倍數(shù)表達(dá)法，其結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為：倍數(shù)＋as...as...，故選C項(xiàng)。] 課時(shí)規(guī)范訓(xùn)練 Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空(建議用時(shí)8′) 1．________our earth，or else it will be no longer fit for us to live on.(xx淄博模擬) A．Protecte B．To protect C．Protecting D．Protect 2．—What happened? —Oh，a bee appeared on Kate’s dress，and her sudden________ of cry scared us. A．break B．burst C．a(chǎn)ttitude D．express 3．—What happened to the priceless works of art? —________. A．They were destroyed in the earthquake B．The earthquake was destroying them C．They destroyed in the earthquake D．The earthquake were to destroy them 4．________ deep down in the earth，the dead forests rotted away and became coal. (xx煙臺模擬) A．Burying B．Buried C．To bury D．Having buried 5．Our government are taking firm measures to make pollution________. A．to the end B．put to an end C．in the end D．without end 6．There are ________ books in our school library；however，________ of them are old. A．a(chǎn) large number of；fourfifth B．a(chǎn) good number of；fourths five C．the large number of；four fifths D．a(chǎn) large number of；four fifths 7．It is________ for us to deal with. A．a(chǎn)n enough difficult situation B．such a difficult situation C．too difficult a situation D．so difficult a situation 8．I know Jack spends at least as much time reading as he________.(xx南允一中月考) A．does writing B．is writing C．writes D．does to write 9．This area experienced ________ heaviest rainfall in ________ month of May. A．/；a B．a(chǎn)；the C．the；the D．the；a 10．— Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away? —Thank you.________. A．It couldn’t be better B．Of course you can C．If you like D．It’s up to you 11．The place ________ interested me most was the Children’s Palace. A．which B．where C．what D．in which 12．The girl cried because she ________ the elevator. A．has trapped in B．had trapped by C．was trapped with D．was trapped in 13．The boys，________ could not reach the shelf，went to look for something to stand on. A．the tall of whom B．the tallest of whom C．the tallest one D．the tallest of them 14．—I passed the driving test! —________！ A．Congratulation B．Congratulations for you C．Congratulations D．Congratulation on you 15．________ the rockets ing into being，the Space Age began，________ China is sure to play an important role.(xx濟(jì)南統(tǒng)考) A．As；when B．With；at which C．With；in which D．As；while Ⅱ.完形填空(建議用時(shí)16′) One of my father’s favorite sayings as I was growing up was “Try it！” I couldn’t say I didn’t like __16__，whatever it might be，__17__ I tried it.Over the years I’ve e to __18__ how much of my success I owe to my __19__ of those words as one of my values.My __20__ job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I __21__ what I wanted to do as a career(職業(yè))．__22__ I believed I would work for a few years，get married，stay home and raise a family，so I didn’t think the job I took __23__ that much.I couldn’t have been more __24__.I mastered the skills of that beginning level position and I was given the opportunity(機(jī)會) to__25__ through the pany into different __26__.I accepted each new opportunity with the __27__，“Well，I’ll try it；if I don’t like it I can always go back to my __28__ position.”But I was with the same pany for the past 28 years，and I’ve __29__ every career change I’ve made.I’ve discovered I __30__ a large number of different talents(才能) and skills that I never would have thought were within me had it not been for my being __31__ trying new opportunities.I’ve also discovered that if I __32__ what I’m doing and work hard at achieving my __33__，I will succeed.That’s why I’m so __34__ to be a part of CareerFables.I think __35__ has e and I am determined to make it a success. 16．A.everything B．something C．everybody D．somebody 17．A.until after C．so that B．ever since D．long before 18．A.consider B．a(chǎn)rgue C．include D．realize 19．A.suggestion B．explanation C．a(chǎn)cceptance D．discussion 20．A.hard B．best C．extra D．first 21.A.determined B．examined C．experienced D．introduced 22．A.Actually B．Gradually C．Finally D．Usually 23．A.helped B．required C．expressed D．mattered 24．A.careful B．mistaken C．interested D．prepared 25．A.look up C．move B．take up D．put up up 26．A.situations B．choices C．directions D．positions 27．A.thought B．reply C．a(chǎn)ction D．a(chǎn)dvice 28．A.easier B．newer C．earlier D．higher 29．A.permitted B．counted C．organized D．enjoyed 30．A.show B．possess C．need D．gather 31．A.lucky for B．slow at C．open to D．a(chǎn)fraid of 32．A.think of B．give away C．believe in D．turn into 33．A.business B．goal C．fortune D．growth 34．A.excited B．curious C．surprised D．helpful 35．A.dream B．time C．power D．honor Ⅲ.閱讀理解(建議用時(shí)8′) Recently，scientists attending a meeting in Chicago presented new studies showing how food and its production affect global warming.They offered some suggestions for how to eat in a more environmentally friendly way. For many years，scientists have warned us that our planet is getting warmer.If current trends continue，animals may start to die off and life could get very difficult for everyone.The temperature is rising because humans have been releasing massive amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere，which surround the planet and keep heat from escaping.One of these gases is carbon dioxide. Most carbon dioxide we produce es from the process of making and eating food，the scientists reported in Chicago.The production of meat contributes to a lot of carbon dioxide.And much of meat’s contribution es from beef，which is responsible for releasing even more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. The process of making a hamburger，for example，requires a lot of energy.A cow has to be fed and raised，and cow’s wastes are a major source of greenhouse gases.After the cow is killed，the meat has to be processed and shipped to a consumer，which takes fuel.And most of the cow won’t even be used for meat people eat. By the time a hamburger finally lands on a dinner plate，it has taken a heavy toll on the environment.It is believed that the process of making a halfpound allbeef burger adds about 19 times the weight of hamburgers in carbon dioxide. The message is clear：We can greatly reduce the production of greenhouse gases by eating less beef.Other kinds of meat like pork and chicken do less harm to the environment—at least in terms of the amount of greenhouse gases released.Nathan Pelletier，a scientist at Dalhousie University in Canada，reported that if everyone in industrial countries ate chicken instead of beef，we would cut the Earth’s greenhouse gases by more than half. All kinds of meat，the scientists reported，are harder on the planet than vegetables.To grow and eat a pound of potatoes，for example，sends less than one quarter pound of carbon dioxide into the air.So shifting our diet to less meat and more vegetables may do the world some good. 36．The text mainly tells us ________. A．what we eat can affect the whole planet B．the way we live affects the environment C．how we can save energy on the Earth D．how we can produce environmentfriendly food 37．What is likely to happen if the climate is getting warmer according to the passage? A．Sea level will continue to rise sharply. B．Human beings won’t have enough food. C．It would be very hard for man to survive. D．All the animals and plants will disappear. 38．Why does the author mention the process of making a hamburger? A．To show meat is usually part of a hamburger. B．To illustrate that our food contributes to greenhouse gases. C．To prove making a hamburger is a plex process. D．To suggest a lot of energy is needed to make hamburgers. 39．The author believes one effective way to fight global warming is ________. A．we should eat no pork and no chicken B．we should eat more chicken than beef C．we should eat not meat but vegetables D．we should eat less meat and more vegetables 40．Which of the following statements would Nathan Pelletier agree to? A．Eating pork and chicken is more environmentally friendly. B．Meat consumption is the main cause of greenhouse gases. C．People in industrial countries consume more beef than fish. D．Eating more beef is a more efficient way to save more energy. 答案 Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．D　2.B　[burst(感情的)爆發(fā)。] 3．A　[答句句意為：——藝術(shù)品在地震中被毀滅了。因此需用被動結(jié)構(gòu)。] 4．B　[過去分詞短語作狀語。] 5．B　[過去分詞短語作賓補(bǔ)。] 6．D　[a large/good number of可修飾可數(shù)名詞，而“五分之四”應(yīng)為four fifths。] 7．C　[too...to...太……而不能……。] 8．A　[考查as...as的用法。從句中does代替spends，介詞in省略了。] 9．C 10．A　[It couldn’t be better意為：太好了！表示很高興接受別人的幫忙。] 11．A　[which用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作主語。]　12.D 13．B　[由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，兩個逗號之間為一個非限制性定語從句，故排除C、D，三者及三者以上當(dāng)中最高的一個要用最高級，故選B項(xiàng)。] 14．C　15.C 得分策略 [經(jīng)典例題]　________ with farmers in the country in your summer vacation，and you will learn a lot about farming. A．Work　　　B．Working C．To work D．Having worked 錯因分析　有些考生會認(rèn)為前面是非謂語動詞短語作狀語，于是誤選B、C或D；其實(shí)，前后兩句之間有and連接，說明前面應(yīng)該是一個獨(dú)立的句子，故答案為A，構(gòu)成祈使句。 [得分筆記]　“祈使句＋and/or (else)＋陳述句”是一個?？季湫?。and/or (else)前面的祈使句表示一個條件，相當(dāng)于if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，而and/or (else)后面的句子表示一種結(jié)果。在這個句型中，and/or (else)前面的祈使句如果帶有比較級修飾的名詞，可將謂語動詞省略，構(gòu)成“比較級＋名詞＋and＋陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)。 Ⅱ.完形填空 16．B　[此處something“某事”，指不確定的事情，符合題意。] 17．A　[本句是“not...until...”句型。] 18．D　[結(jié)合本句中的“Over the years”和“e to”可知此處是指“我”逐漸意識到的過程。] 19．C　[此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“我”對父親的那些話的接受，故選C項(xiàng)。] 20．D　[根據(jù)本句中的“until”可知“我”在選定職業(yè)之前只是想先找一份工作暫時(shí)工作兩三年，由此可判斷此處是指“我”的“第一”份工作。] 21．A　[“我”決定先暫時(shí)嘗試一份工作，工作兩三年后再“決定”自己的職業(yè)。] 22．A　[結(jié)合上一句中的“a couple of years”和本句中的“a few years”可知，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。] 23．D　[此處matter表示“要緊，有重大影響”。] 24．B　[本句中否定詞與比較級連用表示最高級含義。] 25．C　[“我”掌握了崗位要求的技能后又得到了“升遷”的機(jī)會，此處move up表示“提升”。] 26．D　[因?yàn)椤拔摇备矣趪L試新的挑戰(zhàn)，所以在公司中被提升到不同的“職位”。] 27．A　[根據(jù)本句后半句引號中的內(nèi)容可知這是“我”當(dāng)時(shí)內(nèi)心的“想法”。文章中沒有提到“我”需要回答別人的詢問，所以B項(xiàng)不正確；此處顯然也不是給別人的建議，因此D項(xiàng)錯誤。] 28．C　[“我”當(dāng)時(shí)抓住機(jī)會去嘗試，心想如果不喜歡所從事的工作，總可以回到“先前的”崗位上去。] 29．D　[在不同的崗位學(xué)到很多不同的技巧。由此可知“我”非常“喜歡”每一次