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第十二講　八年級下 Unit 3—Unit 4 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 1.[xx鄭州一測]This is a five-star hotel, so you are not allowed to enter if you dont dress 　　　. A. poorly B. fortably C. badly D. properly 2.[xx省實(shí)驗(yàn)三模]—Linda,could you please tell me when the movie will be on show,today or tomorrow? —　　　.Today is Monday.It will be on Thursday. A. Both B. Either C. None D. Neither 3.Mr. Lin kept on 　　　 the question to us again and again until all of us understood it. A. solving B. explaining C. answering D. arguing 4.—How are you 　　　 with your work? —Very well. We can finish it without any difficulty. A. getting off B. setting up C. getting on D. putting on 5.—Could you please help me bring the dictionary to Laura? —Sure, Ill give it to her 　　　 I meet her this afternoon. A. before B. until C. because D. as soon as 6.Since the texts dont fit the topic of our magazine,they must be 　　　. A. cut out B. put off C. given off D. turned out 7.[xx鄭州八中三模]—Could I borrow your dictionary? —Yes, of course you 　　　. A. could B. will C. can D. should 8.Everyone has their different 　　　, so we should have a discussion before we make our final decision. A. opinions B. relations C. members D. skills 9.[xx開封一模]A true friend can see the pain in your eyes 　　　 the others believe the smile on your face. A. because B. while C. unless D. until 10.[xx洛陽一模]—It is a nice day, isnt it? —Yes. We should go sightseeing 　　　 playing puter games at home. A. because of B. together with C. instead of D. out of 二、完形填空 [xx宜昌改編] My father and I always had a bit of trouble in our relationship. Its not that we didnt love each other. Its just that we used to have 　1　 opinions. My dad is one of the most hard-working men I know, but I was a dreamer. I played sports as a kid, but 　2　 when I was making progress. Then I showed an 　3　 in music. My father got excited and bought me a guitar when I was about eight. But I really didnt like it until I was a teenager. During those teen years, I got up my guitar and began playing along. Then I went to college. My father thought I should focus more on my studies, while I thought I should have more fun playing music. I dreamed to be a musician. When I grew into a young man, I suddenly fell 　4　 ill one day and it was discovered that I had a terrible kidney disease(腎病). I had to accept 　5　 all my life, or get a transplant(移植). I felt like there was a heavy weight on my shoulders. Life became hard for me. But I was lucky enough because of my loving parents who 　6　 me and took care of me. While trying to 　7　 just what to do with my life, my father got tested to see 　8　 he was the right man to give me his kidney. I tried to refuse, but hed hear 　9　 of it. He saved my life at last. Two years ago, I started a band. He had always wanted to play in a band, but never got the　10　 when he was young. It was one of the greatest gifts I could give to him. 1.A. special B. different C. private D. necessary 2.A. gave up B. gave out C. gave off D. gave away 3.A. introduction B. influence C. increase D. interest 4.A. similarly B. hardly C. seriously D. harmfully 5.A. agreements B. movements C. arguments D. treatments 6.A. provided B. encouraged C. afforded D. managed 7.A. decide B. describe C. build D. doubt 8.A. how B. whether C. why D. what 9.A. each B. all C. much D. none 10.A. change B. cause C. chance D. choice 三、閱讀理解 A[2019原創(chuàng)] 　　Dinah Martinez always studied well in school and got good grades. But one day, the girl realized that she had an anxiety (焦慮) problem. Her schoolmate, Janet Martinez, also had the same problem. "There was a lot of pressure that I put on myself. I would wake up in the morning and it was like my heart was racing," Janet Martinez said. "So we both decided to create a mental health camp to help other people," Dinah Martinez said. When the two girls graduated from high school, they brought their camp idea to Global G.L.O.W. (Girls Leading Our World) in the US. The organization gave them $5,000 to start the camp for other teenage girls. The Martinez girls named the camp "Healing (治愈) Hearts". "The camp was created to help deal with anxiety, especially for girls in high school because thats when they are the most vulnerable (脆弱的)," Janet Martinez said. "Thats when I was the most vulnerable." On the first day of the camp, there were 10 girls there, including Dinah Martinez. "I felt better as soon as everyone was laughing," she said. Throughout the camp, experts talked about anxiety and offered help to the girls. They also taught the girls how to calm themselves when they were anxious. The methods they taught included deep breathing and meditation(冥想). "Its forting to know that someone else is going through the same thing as I do and that we can both help each other out," Dinah Martinez said. "And just knowing that Im there for another person while she is going through anxiety is good enough for me." 根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。 1.Why did the Martinez girls create "Healing Hearts"? A. To help high school girls deal with anxiety. B. To let more people care about high school girls. C. To raise money for people who have heart diseases. D. To encourage girls to pay more attention to their health. 2.Who helped the Martinez girls set up the camp? A. Their schoolmates. B. Some teachers in their school. C. Some experts. D. An organization in the US. 3.What can girls do in "Healing Hearts"? A. Talk about study problems. B. Tell jokes to make others laugh. C. Help each other out. D. Develop the ability of creative thinking. 4.The Martinez girls 　　　 according to the text. A. are still in high school B. are warm-hearted C. are sisters in the Martinez family D. dont have anxiety problems now 5.Whats the best title for the text? A. Stand up to anxiety B. Try to trust others C. Learn to relax D. Believe in yourself B Many kids help parents do chores in the house. They may empty the dishwasher, put laundry(剛洗好的衣物) away or take out the rubbish. 6.　　　 For example, some kids are allowed to play puter games for 20 minutes. 7.　　　One of them is Susie Walton, a parenting educator and family coach. According to her idea, if kids keep getting prizes, they will think that some work isnt worth doing unless they get something in return. For example, kids wont sweep the floor if they see it is dirty. But they will clean the floor if their parents reward(獎賞) them for it. "Every house is a team effort," Walton said. "A home is a living space for everyone in the family. Its important for kids to see that everyone has responsibility for keeping their home clean." Other people hold different opinions. 8.　　　 It also teaches them real world lessons. They can learn about how to earn money. 9.　　　The apps give kids points and digital (數(shù)碼的) gifts that can be used either online or in life. With the app ChoreMonster, kids earn digital points after doing chores. They can exchange their points for real prizes, such as time for playing video games or a trip to the mall. Chris Bergman, the founder of ChoreMonster says, "10.　　　Kids need positive (積極的) power to make them do chores." 根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容,從下面五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項(xiàng),使短文意思通順、內(nèi)容完整。 A. Our goal is to encourage kids to do chores so that they can earn prizes. B. In return, some kids get money or other prizes from their parents. C. Now, there are also some apps that encourage kids to do chores. D. They believe that money or other prizes encourage kids to do more chores. E. But some people do not think that kids should get prizes for doing chores. 四、詞語運(yùn)用 [xx鄭州一測] angry, change, children, because, success, try, without, go, sense, proud, but, easy Young people are often unhappy when they are with their parents. They say their parents dont understand them. They often think their parents are too strict with them. Parents often find it difficult to win their 1.　　　 trust and they seem to forget how they felt when they were young. For example, young people like to do things 2.　　　 thinking much. Its one of their ways to show that they have grown up and they can solve any difficult problem. Older people worry more 3.　　　. Most of them plan things ahead and dont like their plans to be 4.　　　. So when you want your parents to let you do something, you will be 5.　　　 if you municate with them before you really start doing it. Young people often make their parents 6.　　　 by the clothes they wear, the music they enjoy and something else. 7.　　　 they dont mean to cause any trouble. They just feel that in this way they can be cut off from the old peoples world and they want to make a new culture of their own. And if young people are not satisfied with their parents, they just stay at home alone instead of 8.　　　 out with their parents. If you plan to control your life, youd better 9.　　　 to get them to understand you. If your parents see that you have a high 10.　　　 of responsibility, they will certainly give you the right to do what you want. 五、書面表達(dá) [xx綿陽]假定你是班長李華,請回復(fù)新同學(xué)Mike的求助郵件,給他至少3條建議并說明理由。詞數(shù)80—100,開頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 To:Li Hua From:Mike Hi Li Hua, You know I am new here. I found it hard for me to get along well with people here. When I have trouble with my study, I dont know how to get help. I really want to be a good part of the class. Would you please give me some advice? I am looking forward to your reply. Mike To:Mike From:Li Hua Hi Mike, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Li Hua 【參考答案】 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 1.D　【解析】　本題考查副詞的詞義理解。poorly"貧窮地,不足地";fortably"舒服地";badly"嚴(yán)重地,拙劣地";properly"適當(dāng)?shù)?合情合理"。根據(jù)本題語境可知,這是一家五星級酒店,如果你穿著不得體,就不允許進(jìn)入,故所缺的詞是properly。 2.D　【解析】　本題考查both, either, none, neither的區(qū)別。問句問的是"琳達(dá),你能告訴我這部電影什么時(shí)候上映嗎,今天還是明天",答語中提到了"今天是周一,它將會在周四上映",由此可推斷,答話人排除了今天和明天,故所缺的詞是Neither。 3.B　【解析】　本題考查動詞的詞義辨析。此處是說,林老師一遍遍地向我們解釋,直到我們所有人都理解了這個(gè)問題。故explaining"說明,解釋"符合題意。 4.C　【解析】　本題考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)答語可知此處是說,你的工作進(jìn)展得怎么樣?get on意為"應(yīng)付,進(jìn)展",符合題意。 5.D　【解析】　本題考查連詞的用法。此處是說,我今天下午一見到她就把字典給她。故as soon as"一……就……"符合題意。 6.A　【解析】　本題考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)題干中的"既然這些文本不適合我們雜志的主題"可知此處是說,必須把這些文本刪除掉。故cut out"刪除"符合題意。 7.C　【解析】　本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。Could I...意為"我能……嗎",其中Could表示委婉地請求得到許可,該句式的肯定回答常用"Yes/Of course, you can/Sure/Certainly/Go ahead"等,否定回答常用"Im afraid you cant"。故選C。 8.A　【解析】　本題考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)設(shè)空后的"我們應(yīng)該在作出最終決定前討論一下"可知,每個(gè)人都有自己與眾不同的觀點(diǎn),故用opinions。 9.B　【解析】　本題考查連詞的用法。because"因?yàn)?;while"然而";unless"除非";until"直到……為止"。此處是說,真正的朋友能看到你眼中的痛,而其他人則會相信你臉上的笑。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選B。 10.C　【解析】　本題考查instead of的用法。because of"因?yàn)?;together with"和";instead of"代替,而不是";out of"離開"。根據(jù)題干中的"It is a nice day"可知,答話人是說,我們應(yīng)該去觀光而不是在家玩電腦游戲。故選C。 二、完形填空 　　【短文大意】　我和爸爸的關(guān)系一直不太融洽,因?yàn)槲覀兛偸怯胁煌囊庖?但這并不代表我們不愛對方。后來我得了一種嚴(yán)重的腎病,爸爸為了救我,給我捐了腎。后來,我組建了一支樂隊(duì),我這樣做也是為了幫爸爸完成他年輕時(shí)的心愿。 1.B　【解析】　我和爸爸并不是不愛對方,而是經(jīng)常有"不同的"意見,故所缺的詞是different。 2.A　【解析】　我小時(shí)候做體育運(yùn)動,但取得進(jìn)步時(shí)就"放棄"了,give up意為"放棄",故答案為A。 3.D　【解析】　introduction介紹;influence影響;increase增加;interest 興趣。結(jié)合下文可推斷,后來我對音樂表現(xiàn)出了"興趣",故所缺的詞是interest。 4.C　【解析】　similarly相似地;hardly幾乎不;seriously嚴(yán)重地;harmfully有害地。結(jié)合下文的描述可推斷,一天我突然病得很"嚴(yán)重",故所缺的詞是seriously。 5.D　【解析】　agreements協(xié)議;movements活動;arguments爭論;treatments治療。結(jié)合上下文可推斷,我必須終身接受"治療"或做移植手術(shù),故所缺的詞是treatments。 6.B　【解析】　但是我足夠幸運(yùn),因?yàn)槲夷歉挥袗坌牡母改?鼓勵"我并照顧我,故所缺的詞是encouraged。 7.A　【解析】　當(dāng)我"決定"要如何度過自己人生的時(shí)候,爸爸去做了檢查,故所缺的詞是decide。 8.B　【解析】　爸爸接受檢查看他"是否"是給我捐腎的合適人選,故所缺的詞是whether。 9.D　【解析】　我試圖拒絕爸爸為我捐腎,但是他一點(diǎn)兒也不聽,故所缺的詞是none。 10.C　【解析】　他一直想在一個(gè)樂隊(duì)里演奏,但是年輕時(shí)他從未得到過這個(gè)"機(jī)會",故所缺的詞是chance。 三、閱讀理解 　　【A篇短文大意】　本文主要介紹了Dinah Martinez和她的校友Janet Martinez幫助和她們一樣有焦慮問題的其他高中女孩的故事。 1.A　【解析】　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"...create a mental health camp to help other people"及第四段中的"...help deal with anxiety, especially for girls in high school..."可知答案為A。 2.D　【解析】　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"...they brought their camp idea to Global G.L.O.W. (Girls Leading Our World) in the US. The organization gave them $5,000 to start the camp ..."可知答案為D。 3.C　【解析】　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"...we can both help each other out"可知答案為C。 4.B　【解析】　推理判斷題。Dinah Martinez和Janet Martinez為幫助和她們一樣受焦慮困擾的其他人而創(chuàng)立了"Healing Hearts",由此可推知,她們都是熱心腸的人,故選B。 5.A　【解析】　標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要介紹了Dinah Martinez和Janet Martinez幫助和她們一樣有焦慮問題的其他高中女孩的故事,故A項(xiàng)最適合作本文的標(biāo)題。 　　【B篇短文大意】　本文是一篇議論文,探討了孩子做家務(wù)是否應(yīng)該得到獎勵這一問題。關(guān)于這個(gè)話題,不同的人有不同的觀點(diǎn):有的人認(rèn)為孩子有責(zé)任做家務(wù),沒有必要給予獎勵;有的人則認(rèn)為適當(dāng)?shù)莫剟钅軌蚣ぐl(fā)孩子做家務(wù)的積極性。 【長難句分析】　According to her idea, if kids keep getting prizes, they will think that some work isnt worth doing unless they get something in return. 句意:根據(jù)她的觀點(diǎn),如果孩子們一直獲得獎勵,他們會覺得有些工作不值得做,除非他們能夠得到一些東西作為回報(bào)。本句結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜,if表示"如果",unless表示"除非;如果不",兩者都用來引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句;該句中的that用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句;be worth doing sth.是固定搭配,意為"值得做某事"。 6—10 BEDCA 四、詞語運(yùn)用 1.childrens　2.without　3.easily　4.changed　5.successful 6.angry　7.But　8.going　9.try　10.sense 五、書面表達(dá) One possible version: Hi Mike, You told me about your problem in your email. I have some suggestions for you. The first suggestion is to be helpful. Everybody wants to make friends with people who are always ready to help others. The second one is to keep smiling. Keeping smiling is a way to show you are friendly. The third one is to find someone who has the same interest as you. If you have the same hobbies, you will have topics to talk about. Then you will be friends soon. These are my suggestions for you. Follow them, and you will get along well with us. Then you will be a good part of the class. Li Hua